Seismic data static correction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a seismic data static correction method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of physical exploration, and the seismic data static correction method comprises the steps: obtaining single-shot first arrival data of a target region in seismic data, inputting the single-shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model, the method comprises the following steps: calculating a refraction static correction value and a chromatography static correction value of a target area, carrying out fusion processing on a high-frequency value of the refraction static correction value and a low-frequency value of the chromatography static correction value to generate a fusion static correction value, correcting a pre-collected single shot based on the fusion static correction value, and correcting the single shot through the refraction static correction and the chromatography static correction. And the high-frequency quantity of the former is fused with the low-frequency quantity of the latter, so that the authenticity of the structural form and the precision of imaging details are ensured, and the static correction problem of the complex mountain front belt can be well solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for static correction of seismic data. Background Art

[0002] For some basin structures, since the surface types of the work area are mainly gravel mountain areas, sandstone mudstone mountain areas and Gobi gravel areas, there are drastic changes in lateral velocity between different areas, and the static correction problem is more serious, which brings difficulties to the preprocessing and fine imaging of the target geological body.

[0003] In the related technologies, the commonly used static correction calculation methods mainly adopt three types: elevation static correction, refraction static correction and tomography static correction. Among them, elevation static correction corrects the elevation difference between the physical point and the fixed reference plane to eliminate the influence of surface undulation on the underground structural morphology. This method is only applicable to areas where there is no low-velocity zone or the low-velocity zone structure has no lateral changes. In indoor processing, elevation static correction is more of a basic standard in static correction quality control. Refraction static correction is the most widely used technology at present. Its application must meet the two conditions of the existence of a relatively stable refraction surface and known surface velocity. However, in areas with complex surface, the effect of refraction static correction is not ideal. Tomography static correction is more suitable for blocks with complex near-surface conditions and has stronger adaptability.

[0004] However, in the above technologies, for complex piedmont structural belts, the lateral velocity variations between regions are drastic, and the static correction problem is serious and cannot be solved, which affects the fine imaging of the underlying target geological body and brings difficulties to oil and gas exploration. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for static correction of seismic data to at least solve the problems existing in the related art.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for static correction of seismic data, comprising:

[0007] Obtain the first arrival data of a single shot in the target area of ​​the seismic data;

[0008] Inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and tomographic static correction amount of the target area;

[0009] Fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount;

[0010] The pre-collected single shot is corrected based on the fused static correction amount.

[0011] In some embodiments, before fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount, the method further includes:

[0012] Performing high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount by smoothing to determine the high-frequency amount;

[0013] The tomographic static correction amount is subjected to low-frequency separation by smoothing processing to determine the low-frequency amount.

[0014] In some embodiments, the smoothing process is used to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount, wherein the high-frequency amount is calculated using a first calculation formula, and the first calculation formula is:

[0015] T1=T 1high +T 1low ;

[0016] Where T1 is the refraction static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 1low It is the low frequency quantity of refraction static correction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the smoothing process is used to perform low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount to determine the low-frequency amount, wherein the low-frequency amount is calculated using a second calculation formula, and the second calculation formula is:

[0018] T2=T 2high +T 2low ;

[0019] Where T2 is the tomographic static correction, T 2high is the high frequency quantity of tomographic static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0020] In some embodiments, the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount is fused with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount, wherein the fused static correction amount is calculated using a third calculation formula, and the third calculation formula is:

[0021] T3=T 1high +T 2low ;

[0022] Where T3 is the fusion static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0023] In some embodiments, inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount of the target area includes:

[0024] Inputting the ray travel time, the offset, the refraction velocity, the surface velocity and the refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area;

[0025] Inputting the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction amount and the first detection point static correction amount of the target area;

[0026] The refraction statics correction amount is determined based on the first shot point statics correction amount and the first detection point statics correction amount.

[0027] In some embodiments, inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the tomographic static correction amount of the target area includes:

[0028] Inputting the ray travel time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the tomographic static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least a near-surface slowness model matrix of the target area, actual travel time, theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, a distance matrix related to the model ray path and a time difference matrix between actual and theoretical travel time;

[0029] Inputting the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times into a preset second calculation model to calculate the second shot point static correction amount and the second receiver point static correction amount of the target area;

[0030] The tomographic statics are determined based on the second shot statics and the second receiver statics.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a seismic data static correction device, comprising:

[0032] An acquisition module is used to obtain the single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data;

[0033] A calculation module, used for inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomographic static correction amount of the target area;

[0034] A generating module, used for fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount;

[0035] A correction module is used to correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0036] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor and a memory; the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the seismic data static correction method as described in any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by an electronic device as described in the third aspect to implement a seismic data static correction method as described in any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0038] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for static correction of seismic data, including: obtaining first-arrival data of a single shot in a target area in the seismic data, inputting the first-arrival data of the single shot into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomographic static correction amount of the target area, fusing the high-frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low-frequency amount of the tomographic static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount, correcting a single shot collected in advance based on the fused static correction amount, and fusing the high-frequency amount of the former with the low-frequency amount of the latter through refraction static correction and tomographic static correction, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the structural morphology and the accuracy of the imaging details, and can better solve the static correction problem of the complex piedmont zone.

[0039] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a seismic data static correction method process proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an exemplary refraction static correction and tomography static correction peeling surface proposed in one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the fusion of an exemplary high-frequency amount of refraction static correction and a medium- and low-frequency amount of tomographic static correction proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 A comparison diagram of an exemplary refraction static correction, a tomographic static correction and a fusion static correction proposed in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 5 A comparison diagram of superimposed cross sections after an exemplary refraction static correction, tomography static correction and fusion static correction is shown in one embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a seismic data static correction device proposed in one embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of an electronic device for executing a method for static correction of seismic data according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0048] Figure 8 A computer-readable storage medium for storing or carrying a method for implementing seismic data static correction according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] According to the research findings of a basin, it belongs to a complex piedmont tectonic zone. The surface types of the work area are mainly gravel mountain area, sandstone mountain area and Gobi gravel area. In the gravel mountain area, the low-speed layer velocity is generally 400-800m / s, the thickness is 1-5m, and the high-speed layer velocity is 2000m / s; in the sandstone mountain area, the low-speed layer velocity is generally 400-950m / s, the thickness is 1-20m, and the high-speed layer velocity is mostly 2000-3500m / s, with a large velocity change; in the Gobi gravel area, the low-speed layer velocity is generally 350-700m / s, the thickness is 1-13m, and the high-speed layer velocity is mostly 1600-2200m / s, and the velocity is relatively stable. Due to the drastic changes in lateral velocity between different areas, the static correction problem is more serious, which brings difficulties to the preprocessing and fine imaging of the target geological body.

[0052] In the related technologies, there are currently three commonly used static correction calculation methods, namely elevation static correction, refraction static correction and tomography static correction. Among them, elevation static correction corrects the elevation difference between the physical point and the fixed reference surface to eliminate the influence of surface undulation on the underground structural morphology. This method is only applicable to areas where there is no low-velocity belt or the low-velocity belt structure has no lateral changes. In indoor processing, elevation static correction is more of a basic standard in static correction quality control; refraction static correction is currently the most widely used technology, and its application must meet the two conditions of the existence of a relatively stable refraction surface and known surface velocity. However, in areas with complex surface, the effect of refraction static correction is not ideal; tomography static correction is more suitable for blocks with complex near-surface conditions and has stronger adaptability. Practice has shown that as long as the observation system has enough near-offset tracks and the picked-up first arrival information is reliable, tomography static correction can achieve better results.

[0053] The inventors have found that the above method still has the following problems. On the one hand, the stripping depth of the refraction static correction is equal to the inversion depth, and the replacement velocity is used to fill in after stripping. Since the replacement velocity is less than the shallow velocity in the mountain area, the travel time becomes longer and the structural position moves downward, but its high-frequency component has an advantage in imaging. On the other hand, the tomographic static correction is stripped on the isovelocity surface, which can better control the medium and low frequency parts of the mesoscale structural morphology, but the high-frequency component is weak and cannot reflect the details of the imaging well.

[0054] In response to the above problems, the applicant proposed a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for static correction of seismic data provided in the embodiments of the present application. By obtaining the first arrival data of a single shot in the target area in the seismic data, the first arrival data of the single shot is input into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomographic static correction amount of the target area, and the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount is fused with the low frequency amount of the tomographic static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount. The fused static correction technology is used to combine the high frequency component of the refraction static correction with the low frequency amount of the tomographic static correction. The static correction problem of the high-speed exposed area of ​​the complex piedmont belt can be effectively solved. The pre-collected single shot is corrected based on the fused static correction amount, and the real-time static correction and fine imaging of the collected data are realized, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the structural morphology and the accuracy of the imaging details, and better solving the static correction problem of the complex piedmont belt. Among them, the static correction method of seismic data is described in detail in the subsequent embodiments.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] The following is an introduction to the application scenarios of the seismic data static correction method provided in the embodiment of the present application:

[0057] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flow chart of a method for static correction of seismic data provided in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the static correction problem of the target area and better solve the static correction problem of the complex piedmont zone. In the present embodiment, the method for static correction of seismic data can be applied to Figure 6 The seismic data static correction device 300 shown in FIG. Figure 7 In the electronic device 200 shown, the electronic device 200 can be a smart terminal such as a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone, etc., wherein the electronic device 200 can include one or more, and information can be transmitted between multiple electronic devices through wireless and / or wired methods. Multiple electronic devices can collaborate to complete the seismic data static correction method. By way of example, various types of data can be obtained through the smart terminal to complete the seismic data static correction method process.

[0058] The following is for Figure 1 The process shown is described in detail, and the seismic data static correction method may include steps S110 to S140.

[0059] Step S110: Acquire single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the single shot first arrival data refers to the time when the seismic wave arrives at the target area. Acquiring this data can provide preliminary information about the underground structure for subsequent processing and interpretation.

[0061] Step S120: inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and tomographic static correction amount of the target area.

[0062] Step S130: fusing the high frequency of the refraction static correction value with the low frequency of the tomography static correction value to generate a fused static correction value.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the refraction static correction involves high-frequency components, while the tomography static correction involves low-frequency components. These two corrections are fused to obtain a fused static correction that integrates high-frequency and low-frequency information to better correct the data.

[0064] Step S140: Correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, the pre-collected single-shot seismic data is corrected based on the fused static correction value, which can eliminate the time difference caused by underground velocity and medium inhomogeneity and improve the time shift and amplitude accuracy of the data.

[0066] In this embodiment, based on refraction static correction and tomographic static correction, the high frequency of the former is integrated with the medium and low frequency of the latter, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the structural morphology and the accuracy of the imaging details, and better solving the static correction problem of the complex piedmont zone.

[0067] In some embodiments, before the high-frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount is fused with the low-frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount in step S130 to generate the fused static correction amount, steps S210 to S220 may be included.

[0068] Step S110: Acquire single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data.

[0069] Step S120: inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and tomographic static correction amount of the target area.

[0070] Step S210: Use smoothing processing to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, it is considered that the refraction static correction mainly reflects the characteristics of high-frequency signals, that is, it corresponds to the higher-frequency components in seismic wave propagation. By performing high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction, the underground velocity changes, medium boundaries and subtle structural features that affect the high-frequency data can be mainly extracted and focused on. In seismic records, high-frequency correction can make the data clearer, highlight the underground details, and improve the accuracy of interpretation and analysis.

[0072] Step S220: performing low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount by smoothing to determine the low-frequency amount.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, it is considered that the tomographic static correction mainly reflects the characteristics of low-frequency signals, that is, it corresponds to the lower frequency components in the propagation of seismic waves. By performing low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction, large-scale structures and velocity anomalies in the underground can be better detected. Low-frequency correction helps to improve the overall shape and amplitude accuracy of the seismic profile, reduce the influence of noise and environmental interference, and improve the interpretation of seismic data.

[0074] Step S130: fusing the high frequency of the refraction static correction value with the low frequency of the tomography static correction value to generate a fused static correction value.

[0075] Step S140: Correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, by separating high-frequency and low-frequency quantities, subtle and large-scale changes in underground structures can be analyzed more clearly. High-frequency quantities highlight the detailed features of seismic profiles and are an important basis for structural interpretation and oil and gas exploration. Low-frequency quantities provide regional large-scale characteristics.

[0077] In some implementations, in step S210, smoothing is used to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount, wherein the high-frequency amount is calculated using a first calculation formula, which is:

[0078] T1=T 1high +T 1low ;

[0079] Where T1 is the refraction static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 1low It is the low frequency quantity of refraction static correction.

[0080] In some embodiments, in step S220, smoothing is used to perform low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount to determine the low-frequency amount, wherein the low-frequency amount is calculated using a second calculation formula, and the second calculation formula is:

[0081] T2=T 2high +T 2low ;

[0082] Where T2 is the tomographic static correction, T 2high is the high frequency quantity of tomographic static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0083] In some embodiments, in step S130, the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount and the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount are fused to generate a fused static correction amount, wherein the fused static correction amount is calculated using a third calculation formula, and the third calculation formula is:

[0084] T3=T 1high +T 2low ;

[0085] Where T3 is the fusion static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0086] In some embodiments, inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model in step S120 to calculate the refraction static correction amount of the target area may include steps S121 to S123.

[0087] Step S110: Acquire single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data.

[0088] Step S121: inputting the ray travel time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to at least generate the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area.

[0089] Step S122: inputting the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction value and the first detection point static correction value of the target area.

[0090] Step S123: Determine the refraction static correction value based on the first shot point static correction value and the first detection point static correction value.

[0091] Step S210: Use smoothing processing to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount.

[0092] Step S220: performing low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount by smoothing to determine the low-frequency amount.

[0093] Step S130: fusing the high frequency of the refraction static correction value with the low frequency of the tomography static correction value to generate a fused static correction value.

[0094] Step S140: Correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0095] In this embodiment, determining the refraction static correction amount can achieve static correction of the data, eliminate the time deviation caused by the velocity change, and improve the accuracy and interpretation ability of the data.

[0096] In some embodiments, inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model in step S120 to calculate the tomographic static correction amount of the target area may include steps S124 to S126.

[0097] Step S110: Acquire single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data.

[0098] Step S121: input the single shot first arrival data into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least the ray travel time, shot point delay time, receiving point delay time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth of the target area.

[0099] Step S122: inputting the ray travel time, shot point delay time, receiving point delay time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth of the target area into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction value and the first receiver point static correction value of the target area.

[0100] Step S123: Determine the refraction static correction value based on the first shot point static correction value and the first detection point static correction value.

[0101] Step S124: inputting the ray travel time, shot offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the tomographic static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least a near-surface slowness model matrix of the target area, actual travel time, theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, a distance matrix related to the model ray path and a time difference matrix between actual and theoretical travel time.

[0102] Step S125: The near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times are input into a preset second calculation model to calculate the second shot point static correction value and the second detection point static correction value of the target area.

[0103] It should be noted that after generating the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times, the above data can be used as the input to construct a preset second calculation model to generate a prediction model to realize the calculation of the second shot point static correction amount and the second detection point static correction amount of the target area.

[0104] Step S126: Determine the tomographic static correction value based on the second shot point static correction value and the second receiver point static correction value.

[0105] Step S210: Use smoothing processing to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount.

[0106] Step S220: performing low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount by smoothing to determine the low-frequency amount.

[0107] Step S130: fusing the high frequency of the refraction static correction value with the low frequency of the tomography static correction value to generate a fused static correction value.

[0108] Step S140: Correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0109] In this embodiment, by inputting the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times into the preset second calculation model, the second shot point static correction amount and the second detection point static correction amount of the target area can be calculated. These static correction amounts can be used to correct seismic data, eliminate the time deviation caused by the deep model, and further improve the accuracy and interpretation of seismic data. The tomographic static correction module can derive the near-surface wave velocity information based on the single shot first arrival data to form the near-surface slowness model matrix. This provides the velocity information of the shallow structure of the underground, which is helpful for analyzing and interpreting the underground structure. By applying the near-surface slowness model matrix to the single shot first arrival data, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model can be calculated. The theoretical travel time is the seismic wave propagation time information predicted by the model. The theoretical travel time based on the near-surface slowness model helps to better match the actual data and further understand the underground structure. By calculating the difference between the model ray path and the actual travel time, the distance matrix related to the model ray path and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel time can be generated. These matrices provide a comparison of seismic wave propagation paths and times, helping to assess the fitness and accuracy of the model.

[0110] In summary, the static correction method for seismic data provided in this embodiment can effectively solve the static correction problem caused by lateral velocity changes. By obtaining the single-shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data, the single-shot first arrival data is input into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomography static correction amount of the target area, and the high-frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount is fused with the low-frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount. The fused static correction technology is used to combine the high-frequency component of the refraction static correction with the low-frequency amount of the tomography static correction, which can effectively solve the static correction problem of the high-speed exposed area in the complex foreland belt. The pre-collected single shot is corrected based on the fused static correction amount, and real-time static correction and fine imaging of the collected data are realized, thereby ensuring the authenticity of the structural morphology and the accuracy of the imaging details, and better solving the static correction problem of the complex foreland belt. It can effectively solve the static correction problem of the complex foreland belt and provide better basic data for oil and gas exploration in the complex foreland belt.

[0111] Embodiment 2

[0112] Based on the first embodiment, the present application is further described below by taking a complex piedmont structural zone in a basin as an example and combining the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 , Figure 2 The following is a schematic diagram of an exemplary refraction static correction and tomography static correction stripping surface proposed in this application. As can be seen from the attached figure, it can be seen that the stripping surface of the refraction static correction is equal to the inversion depth, resulting in the stripping of the high-speed exposed area near the surface. After stripping, it is filled with a replacement velocity, and the replacement velocity is less than the actual shallow surface velocity. Therefore, the ray travel time becomes longer, and the medium and long wavelength problem occurs, but the high-frequency component has an advantage in imaging. The stripping surface of the tomography static correction is an isovelocity surface, and the high-speed exposed area near the surface is retained, which can better control the medium and low frequency parts of the mesoscale structural morphology, but the high-frequency component is weak. Specifically, the actual application process of the seismic data static correction method may include the following steps:

[0113] Step S1: Calculate the refraction static correction of the target area:

[0114] In this step, a refraction static correction module may be used to calculate the shot point static correction amount and the receiver point static correction amount of the target area according to the input single shot first arrival data.

[0115] The calculation formula of the required first basic data is as follows:

[0116] T SR =T S +X / v b +T R ;

[0117]

[0118] Where, T SR is the ray travel time, T S T is the shot point delay time, R is the receiving point delay, X is the offset, v b is the refraction speed, v w is the surface velocity, h s is the depth of the refraction surface.

[0119] It should be noted that the single shot first arrival data can be input into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate the ray travel time, shot point delay time, receiving point delay time, shot offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth of the target area.

[0120] The ray travel time, shot point delay time, receiving point delay time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth of the target area are input into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction amount and the first receiver point static correction amount of the target area.

[0121] The refraction statics are determined based on the first shot point statics and the first receiver point statics.

[0122] Step S2: Calculate the tomographic static correction of the target area:

[0123] In this step, a tomographic static correction module can be used to calculate the shot point static correction and the detection point static correction of the target area according to the input single shot first arrival data, wherein the calculation formula of the required second basic data is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] AΔS=ΔT;

[0126] Where S is the near-surface slowness model matrix, For actual running time, is the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, A is the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and ΔT is the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times.

[0127] It should be noted that the single-shot first arrival data can be input into the tomographic static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least the near-surface slowness model matrix of the target area, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times.

[0128] Among them, the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times are input into the preset second calculation model to calculate the second shot point static correction amount and the second detection point static correction amount of the target area.

[0129] The tomographic statics are determined based on the second shot point statics and the second receiver point statics.

[0130] Step S3: high and low frequency fusion:

[0131] In this step, the high-frequency component of the refraction static correction can be merged with the intermediate-frequency and low-frequency components of the tomography static correction to generate a new static correction value.

[0132] Among them, the refraction static correction and tomography static correction can be separated into high and low frequencies by smoothing. The specific expression is as follows:

[0133] T1=T 1high +T 1low ;

[0134] T2=T 2high +T 2low ;

[0135] Where T1 is the refraction static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 1low is the low frequency value of the refraction static correction, T2 is the tomographic static correction, T 2high is the high frequency quantity of tomographic static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0136] The high-frequency amount of refraction static correction and the low-frequency amount of tomography static correction are fused, and the expression is as follows:

[0137] T3=T 1high +T 2low ;

[0138] T3 is the fusion static correction value.

[0139] Step S3: Application of static correction.

[0140] The calculated shot point and receiver point fusion static correction values ​​are applied to the actual single shot collected in advance, and superimposed quality control is performed.

[0141] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 For this application, an exemplary schematic diagram of the fusion of high-frequency quantities of refraction static correction and medium- and low-frequency quantities of tomographic static correction is proposed. Figure 4 An exemplary comparison diagram of refraction static correction, tomography static correction and fusion static correction is proposed for this application. It can be seen that the fused static correction has the advantages of both refraction static correction and tomography static correction.

[0142] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 For this application, an exemplary refraction static correction, tomography static correction and superimposed cross-section comparison diagram after fusion static correction are proposed, such as Figure 5 It can be seen that in the stacked sections of refraction static correction, the structural morphology is overall downward-dipping due to the replacement of the near-surface high-speed exposed area, and the true stratigraphic structural morphology trend cannot be obtained, but the high-frequency information in the stacked sections is relatively rich; in the stacked sections of tomography static correction, the structural morphology of the strata is relatively stable as a whole due to the retention of the near-surface high-speed exposed area, but the high-frequency components in the sections are weak; in the stacked sections of fusion static correction, the advantages of refraction static correction and tomography static correction are combined, the structural morphology of the strata is relatively real, and the high-frequency information is also retained.

[0143] Therefore, fused static correction has a better stacking effect in the high-speed outcropping area of ​​the complex foreland belt, laying a solid data foundation for subsequent migration imaging and oil and gas exploration.

[0144] In this embodiment, based on refraction static correction and tomography static correction, the high frequency of the former is integrated with the medium frequency and low frequency of the latter, and through practical application, the authenticity of the structural morphology of the complex piedmont belt and the accuracy of the imaging details are ensured. This method can effectively solve the static correction problem of the complex piedmont belt, can be used for fine structural imaging of the complex piedmont belt, and provides better basic data for oil and gas exploration in the complex piedmont belt.

[0145] Embodiment 3

[0146] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 The present application provides a seismic data static correction device 300, which includes: an acquisition module 310, a calculation module 320, a generation module 330 and a correction module 340, wherein:

[0147] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire the single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data.

[0148] The calculation module 320 is used to input the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomographic static correction amount of the target area.

[0149] The generating module 330 is used to fuse the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount.

[0150] The correction module 340 is used to correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction amount.

[0151] Optionally, the seismic data static correction device 300 may further include: a first separation module and a second separation module, wherein:

[0152] The first separation module is used to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount by smoothing to determine the high-frequency amount.

[0153] The second separation module is used to perform low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount by smoothing to determine the low-frequency amount.

[0154] Optionally, the first separation module further includes: a first calculation module, wherein the first calculation module is used to calculate the high-frequency quantity using a first calculation formula, and the first calculation formula is:

[0155] T1=T 1high +T 1low ;

[0156] Where T1 is the refraction static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 1lowIt is the low frequency quantity of refraction static correction.

[0157] Optionally, the second separation module further includes: a second calculation module, wherein the second calculation module is used to calculate the low-frequency amount using a second calculation formula, and the second calculation formula is:

[0158] T2=T 2high +T 2low ;

[0159] Where T2 is the tomographic static correction, T 2high is the high frequency value of the tomographic static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0160] Optionally, the generation module 330 further includes: a third calculation module, wherein the third calculation module is used to calculate the fusion static correction value using a third calculation formula, and the third calculation formula is:

[0161] T3=T 1high +T 2low ;

[0162] Where T3 is the fusion static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

[0163] Optionally, the calculation module 320 further includes: a refraction static correction amount calculation module, wherein the refraction static correction amount calculation module includes: a first generation module, a first correction amount calculation module and a refraction static correction amount determination module, wherein:

[0164] The first generating module is used to input the ray travel time, the offset, the refraction velocity, the surface velocity and the refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to at least generate the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area.

[0165] The first correction value calculation module is used to input the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction value and the first detection point static correction value of the target area.

[0166] The refraction static correction amount determination module is used to determine the refraction static correction amount based on the first shot point static correction amount and the first detection point static correction amount.

[0167] Optionally, the calculation module 320 further includes: a tomographic static correction amount calculation module, wherein the tomographic static correction amount calculation module includes: a second generation module, a second correction amount calculation module and a tomographic static correction amount determination module, wherein:

[0168] The second generating module is used for inputting the ray travel time, shot offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the tomographic static correction module in the preset static correction model to at least generate a near-surface slowness model matrix of the target area, actual travel time, theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, a distance matrix related to the model ray path and a time difference matrix between actual and theoretical travel time.

[0169] The second correction value calculation module is used to input the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times into a preset second calculation model to calculate the second shot point static correction value and the second detection point static correction value of the target area.

[0170] The tomographic static correction amount determination module is used to determine the tomographic static correction amount based on the second shot point static correction amount and the second detection point static correction amount.

[0171] It should be noted that the device embodiments in the present application correspond to each other with the aforementioned method embodiments. The specific principles in the device embodiments can be found in the contents of the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0172] In several embodiments provided in this embodiment, the coupling between modules may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of coupling.

[0173] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.

[0174] Embodiment 4

[0175] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 The present application provides a structural block diagram of an electronic device 200 that can execute the above-mentioned seismic data static correction method. The electronic device 200 can be a computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone, a portable computer or other devices.

[0176] The electronic device 200 further includes a processor 202 and a memory 204. The memory 204 stores a program that can execute the contents of the aforementioned embodiments, and the processor 202 can execute the program stored in the memory 204.

[0177] Among them, the processor 202 may include one or more cores and message matrix units for processing data. The processor 202 uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire electronic device 200, and executes various functions and processes data of the electronic device 200 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 204, and calling data stored in the memory 204. Optionally, the processor 202 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 202 can integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a graphics processing unit (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) and a modulation decoder. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing display content; and the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modulation decoder may not be integrated into the processor, but may be implemented separately through a communication chip.

[0178] The memory 204 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (ROM). The memory 204 may be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 204 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (e.g., instructions for a user to obtain a random number), instructions for implementing the following various method embodiments, etc. The data storage area may also store data (e.g., random numbers) created by the terminal during use, etc.

[0179] The electronic device 200 may also include a network module and a screen. The network module is used to receive and send electromagnetic waves, realize the mutual conversion between electromagnetic waves and electrical signals, and thus communicate with a communication network or other devices, such as communicating with an audio playback device. The network module may include various existing circuit components for performing these functions, such as antennas, radio frequency transceivers, digital signal processors, encryption / decryption chips, user identity modules (SIM) cards, memories, etc. The network module may communicate with various networks such as the Internet, corporate intranets, wireless networks, or communicate with other devices via wireless networks. The above-mentioned wireless networks may include cellular telephone networks, wireless local area networks, or metropolitan area networks. The screen may display interface content and perform data interaction.

[0180] Embodiment 5

[0181] Please refer to Figure 8 , which shows a block diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium 400 stores a program code 410, which can be called by a processor to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.

[0182] The computer-readable storage medium 400 may be an electronic memory such as a flash memory, an EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), an EPROM, a hard disk, or a ROM. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium 400 has storage space for program codes 410 that perform any method steps in the above method. These program codes 410 can be read from or written to one or more computer program products. The program codes 410 can be compressed, for example, in an appropriate form.

[0183] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product or a computer program, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the seismic data static correction method described in the above various optional implementations.

[0184] In the several embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed method can also be implemented in other ways. The method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0185] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0186] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for static correction of seismic data, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data; Inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and tomographic static correction amount of the target area; Fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount; The pre-collected single shot is corrected based on the fused static correction amount.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount, the method further includes: Performing high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount by smoothing to determine the high-frequency amount; The tomographic static correction amount is subjected to low-frequency separation by smoothing processing to determine the low-frequency amount.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The smoothing process is used to perform high-frequency separation on the refraction static correction amount to determine the high-frequency amount, wherein the high-frequency amount is calculated using a first calculation formula, and the first calculation formula is: T1=T 1high +T 1low ; Where T1 is the refraction static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 1low It is the low frequency quantity of refraction static correction.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The smoothing process is used to perform low-frequency separation on the tomographic static correction amount to determine the low-frequency amount, wherein the low-frequency amount is calculated using a second calculation formula, and the second calculation formula is: T2=T 2high +T 2low ; Where T2 is the tomographic static correction, T 2high is the high frequency value of the tomographic static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount and the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount are fused to generate a fused static correction amount, wherein the fused static correction amount is calculated using a third calculation formula, and the third calculation formula is: T3=T 1high +T 2low ; Where T3 is the fusion static correction, T 1high is the high frequency value of the refraction static correction, T 2low It is the low frequency quantity of tomographic static correction.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount of the target area includes: Inputting the ray travel time, the offset, the refraction velocity, the surface velocity and the refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the refraction static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area; Inputting the shot point delay time and the receiving point delay time of the target area into a preset first calculation model to calculate the first shot point static correction amount and the first detection point static correction amount of the target area; The refraction statics correction amount is determined based on the first shot point statics correction amount and the first detection point statics correction amount.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the tomographic static correction amount of the target area includes: Inputting the ray travel time, offset, refraction velocity, surface velocity and refraction surface depth in the single shot first arrival data into the tomographic static correction module in the preset static correction model to generate at least a near-surface slowness model matrix of the target area, actual travel time, theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, a distance matrix related to the model ray path and a time difference matrix between actual and theoretical travel time; Inputting the near-surface slowness model matrix, the actual travel time, the theoretical travel time based on the slowness model, the distance matrix related to the model ray path, and the time difference matrix between the actual and theoretical travel times into a preset second calculation model to calculate the second shot point static correction amount and the second receiver point static correction amount of the target area; The tomographic statics are determined based on the second shot statics and the second receiver statics.

8. A seismic data static correction device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is used to obtain the single shot first arrival data of the target area in the seismic data; A calculation module, used for inputting the single shot first arrival data into a preset static correction model to calculate the refraction static correction amount and the tomographic static correction amount of the target area; A generating module, used for fusing the high frequency amount of the refraction static correction amount with the low frequency amount of the tomography static correction amount to generate a fused static correction amount; A correction module is used to correct the pre-collected single shot based on the fused static correction value.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; Memory; One or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs are configured to execute the seismic data static correction method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and the program codes can be called by one or more processors to execute the seismic data static correction method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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