Passive safety system and water platform

Abstract

The invention provides a passive safety system and a water platform, and relates to the field of nuclear power platform safety design. Comprising a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a radioactive filtering device, one end of the first pipeline and one end of the second pipeline are communicated with the outside of a ship body, the other end of the first pipeline and the other end of the second pipeline are communicated with the inside of a reactor cabin, the first pipeline is connected with a first check valve, the second pipeline is connected with a second check valve, and the radioactive filtering device is connected to the second pipeline. According to the passive safety system and the water platform provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first pipeline with the first check valve and the second pipeline with the second check valve are respectively used for cooling and decompressing the reactor cabin. And the radioactive filtering device arranged on the second pipeline adsorbs and filters the passing water vapor, so that the steam discharged to the outside of the ship body does not have radioactivity. And the whole safety maintenance process does not need active facilities such as motors and pump equipment, so that the safety and reliability of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety design of nuclear power platforms, and in particular to a passive safety system and a water platform. Background Art

[0002] The marine nuclear power platform is a small mobile nuclear power plant formed by the organic combination of nuclear reactors and ship engineering. It can provide safe and effective energy supply for offshore oil exploitation and remote islands, and can be used in the fields of high-power ship power and seawater desalination, providing energy support for my country's island and reef construction, marine rights protection and deep-sea resource development. The safety of the reactor has attracted much attention due to the particularity of its fuel and the high temperature and high pressure operating conditions. How to cool down and depressurize the reactor compartment under accident conditions, slow down the process of accidents, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the nuclear power platform has always been the focus of the industry. At present, the relatively mature and widely used safety facilities for reactor accident mitigation in nuclear power plants often adopt active systems, which realize the cooling and depressurization of the containment under accident conditions by setting up a set of special safety equipment. However, due to the small space of the nuclear power platform and the influence of external marine conditions, the design, installation and operation reliability of the active special safety facilities will be greatly challenged, which is not conducive to the mitigation of reactor accidents and greatly reduces the effectiveness of safety facilities. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a passive safety system to solve the defect of insufficient cooling reliability of active systems in the prior art.

[0004] According to a passive safety system provided by the present invention, a passive safety system comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a radioactive filtering device; One end of the first pipe and the second pipe is connected to the outside of the hull, and the other end is connected to the inside of the stack compartment; The first pipeline is connected with a first check valve, the first check valve restricts the fluid from passing in a direction away from the stack compartment, and the second pipeline is connected with a second check valve, the second check valve restricts the fluid from passing in a direction close to the stack compartment; The radioactive filtering device is connected to the second pipe.

[0005] According to a passive safety system provided by the present invention, the second pipeline is connected to a radiation sensor located at the discharge end of the radioactive filtering device and a first valve.

[0006] A passive safety system provided according to the present invention further includes a spray device, which is arranged in the stack compartment, and one end of the first pipe extending into the stack compartment is connected to the spray device.

[0007] A passive safety system provided according to the present invention further includes a first manifold, one end of which is communicated with the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively, and the other end of the first manifold is communicated with the interior of the compartment.

[0008] According to a passive safety system provided by the present invention, the second pipeline is connected to a third check valve located at the inlet end of the radioactive filtering device, and the third check valve restricts the fluid from passing through in a direction close to the stack compartment.

[0009] A passive safety system provided according to the present invention also includes a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe respectively connected to one end of the first manifold close to the stack compartment, the first manifold is connected to the interior of the stack compartment through the first branch pipe, the first manifold is connected to the spray device through the second branch pipe, and the first branch pipe is connected to a fourth check valve, which limits the fluid from passing through in a direction close to the stack compartment.

[0010] According to a passive safety system provided by the present invention, a limiting flow valve is connected to the first pipeline.

[0011] A passive safety system provided according to the present invention further includes a second manifold, one end of which is connected to the outside of the hull, and the other end of which is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively.

[0012] According to a passive safety system provided by the present invention, the second manifold is connected to a second valve and a regulating valve. The present invention also provides an above-water platform, comprising a hull and any one of the above-mentioned passive safety systems, wherein a stack compartment is arranged in the hull.

[0013] The present invention provides a passive safety system and a water platform, which connect the stack and the outside of the ship by setting a first pipe and a second pipe. A first check valve is connected to the first pipe, and the first check valve restricts the fluid from passing in the direction away from the stack, thereby restricting the gas inside the stack from being discharged from the first pipe. A second check valve is connected to the second pipe, and the second check valve restricts the fluid from passing in the direction close to the stack, thereby restricting the external cold water of the ship from entering the stack from the second pipe. When the external water level submerges the end of the first pipe and the pressure of the first pipe connected to the outside is greater than the pressure of the end connected to the inside of the stack, the external cold water of the ship enters the stack along the first pipe, thereby completing the cooling of the inside of the stack. When the pressure of the second pipe connected to the outside is less than the pressure of the end connected to the inside of the stack, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam inside the stack is discharged from the second pipe, completing the pressure relief and cooling of the inside of the stack. The radioactive filtering device arranged on the second pipe absorbs and filters the water vapor passing through, so that the steam discharged to the outside of the ship is non-radioactive. The entire safety maintenance process does not require the participation of active facilities such as motors and pump equipment, which improves the safety and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a passive safety system provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship when the first pipeline and the second pipeline provided by the present invention are directly connected to the hull and the stack.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. First pipeline; 11. First check valve; 12. Flow limiting valve; 2. Second pipeline; 21. Second check valve; 22. Radiation sensor; 23. First valve; 24. Third check valve; 3. Radioactive filtering device; 4. Hull; 5. Compartment; 6. Spraying device; 7. First manifold; 71. First branch pipe; 711. Fourth check valve; 72. Second branch pipe; 8. Second manifold; 81. Second valve; 82. Regulating valve; 83. Filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2 The passive safety system of the present invention is described.

[0022] The present invention provides a passive safety system, comprising a first pipeline 1, a second pipeline 2 and a radioactive filter device 3. One end of the first pipeline 1 and the second pipeline 2 are connected to the outside of the hull 4, and the other end is connected to the inside of the stack compartment 5. The first pipeline 1 is connected to a first check valve 11, which limits the fluid from passing in a direction away from the stack compartment 5, and the second pipeline 2 is connected to a second check valve 21, which limits the fluid from passing in a direction close to the stack compartment 5. The radioactive filter device 3 is connected to the second pipeline 2.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 connect the outside of the hull 4 with the inside of the compartment 5. The first check valve 11 restricts the fluid from passing in the direction away from the compartment 5, and the second check valve 21 is located at the discharge end of the radioactive filter device 3, restricting the fluid from passing in the direction close to the compartment 5. The fluid inside the compartment 5 cannot pass through the first check valve 11 connected to the first pipe 1, and the fluid outside the hull 4 cannot pass through the second check valve 21 connected to the second pipe 2. The external fluid can only enter the compartment 5 from the first pipe 1, and the gas inside the compartment 5 can only be discharged to the outside of the hull 4 from the second pipe 2. When the gas inside the compartment 5 is discharged to the outside of the hull 4 from the second pipe 2, the radioactive filter device 3 connected to the second pipe 2 filters the steam.

[0024] Specifically, for an ocean nuclear power platform, the interior of the stack 5 is in a state of continuous high temperature. Unlike the containment of a nuclear power plant, the hull 4 of an ocean nuclear power platform is in a submerged state. As the posture of the hull 4 sways or the hull 4 is adjusted to float and sink, the external environmental pressure outside the hull 4 changes greatly. Therefore, when the ocean nuclear power platform dives into a certain depth underwater, the stack 5 pressure will be lower than the pressure at the point where the first pipe 1 is connected to the outside of the hull 4. When the pressure at the port where the first pipe 1 is connected to the outside is greater than the pressure at the port where the first pipe 1 is connected to the inside of the stack 5, cold water outside the hull 4 enters the stack 5 from the first pipe 1 to cool the stack 5. Steam will be generated inside the stack 5. The source of the steam includes the steam generated by the external cold water entering the stack 5 and the high-energy pipeline in the stack 5. After the high-energy pipeline in the stack 5 is broken, the high-energy working medium in the pipeline will be sprayed into the stack 5 in the form of steam, so the steam may contain radioactivity. The steam inside the stack compartment 5 increases the pressure inside the stack compartment 5. When the pressure inside the stack compartment 5 is greater than the pressure at the connection point between the second pipe 2 and the outside of the hull 4, the high temperature inside the stack compartment 5 will be discharged from the second pipe 2 through the second check valve 21 and the radioactive filter device 3 to the outside of the hull 4, completing the pressure relief of the stack compartment 5. Radioactive removal substances are arranged in the radioactive filter device 3, and the radioactive filter device 3 can be arranged as an activated carbon adsorption bed or a zeolite filter. The radioactive filter device 3 filters the steam passing through to remove the radioactivity in the discharged steam.

[0025] The present invention provides a passive safety system, which connects the stack compartment 5 and the outside of the hull 4 by setting a first pipe 1 and a second pipe 2. A first check valve 11 is connected to the first pipe 1, and the first check valve 11 limits the fluid from passing in the direction away from the stack compartment 5, thereby limiting the discharge of gas inside the stack compartment 5 from the first pipe 1. A second check valve 21 is connected to the second pipe 2, and the second check valve 21 limits the fluid from passing in the direction close to the stack compartment 5, thereby limiting the external cold water of the hull 4 from entering the stack compartment 5 from the second pipe 2. When the external water level submerges the end of the first pipe 1 and the pressure of the end of the first pipe 1 connected to the outside is greater than the pressure of the end connected to the inside of the stack compartment 5, the external cold water of the hull 4 enters the stack compartment 5 along the first pipe 1, thereby completing the cooling of the inside of the stack compartment 5. When the pressure of the end of the second pipe 2 connected to the outside is less than the pressure of the end connected to the inside of the stack compartment 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam inside the stack compartment 5 is discharged from the second pipe 2, completing the pressure relief and cooling of the inside of the stack compartment 5. The radioactive filter device 3 disposed on the second pipe 2 absorbs and filters the water vapor passing through, so that the steam discharged to the outside of the hull 4 is non-radioactive. The entire safety maintenance process does not require the participation of active facilities such as motors and pumps, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0026] In one embodiment, the second pipe 2 is connected to a radiation sensor 22 and a first valve 23 located at the discharge end of the radioactive filtering device 3 .

[0027] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, a radiation sensor 22 is connected to the discharge end of the radioactive filter device 3 to detect the radiation amount of the steam discharged to the outside. When the radiation amount of the discharged steam meets the emission standard, the first valve 23 is kept open. When the radiation sensor 22 detects that the discharged steam does not meet the emission standard, the first valve 23 is closed, and the radioactive filter device 3 is replaced and maintained to avoid pollution caused by the steam discharged to the outside.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a spray device 6 , which is arranged in the stack compartment 5 , and one end of the first pipeline 1 extends into the stack compartment 5 and is connected to the spray device 6 .

[0029] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 are respectively connected to the interior of the stack compartment 5. The spray device 6 is provided with a plurality of spray heads, and the spray device 6 is connected to one end of the first pipe 1 extending into the stack compartment 5. The cold water entering the stack compartment 5 cools the interior of the stack compartment 5 by spraying, thereby improving the cooling effect in the stack compartment 5.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the first manifold 7 is also included, one end of which is connected to the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 respectively, and the other end of the first manifold 7 is connected to the spray device 6. The ends of the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 meet at the first manifold 7, and the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 are connected to the interior of the stack compartment 5 through the first manifold 7. The end of the first manifold 7 extends into the interior of the stack compartment 5 and is connected to the spray device 6. The steam discharged from the interior of the stack compartment 5 enters the second pipe 2 through the first manifold 7, and the cold water input from the first pipe 1 enters the stack compartment 5 through the first manifold 7 and is sprayed at the spray device 6.

[0031] Furthermore, the second pipeline 2 is connected to a third check valve 24 located at the inlet end of the radioactive filtering device 3, and the third check valve 24 limits the fluid from passing in the direction close to the stack compartment 5. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the first pipeline 1 and the second pipeline 2 meet at one end of the stack compartment 5 close to the end of the first manifold 7, and a third check valve 24 is provided at the inlet end of the radioactive filter device 3 to prevent the material in the radioactive filter device 3 from being entrained into the spray device 6 by the backflowing fluid during spray cooling.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, it also includes a first branch pipe 71 and a second branch pipe 72 respectively connected to one end of the first manifold close to the stack compartment 5, the first manifold is connected to the interior of the stack compartment 5 through the first branch pipe 71, and the first manifold is connected to the spray device 6 through the second branch pipe 72, and the first branch pipe 71 is connected to a fourth check valve 711, which limits the fluid from passing through in the direction close to the stack compartment 5.

[0033] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the first manifold is connected to the first branch pipe 71 and the second branch pipe 72 at one end close to the stack compartment 5. The first branch pipe 71 may be provided in multiple pieces, which are respectively connected to the inside of the stack compartment 5, and the second branch pipe 72 is connected to the spray device 6. The first branch pipe 71 is connected to the fourth check valve 711, which restricts the fluid from passing in the direction close to the stack compartment 5, so that the cold water entering from the outside cannot pass through the fourth check valve 711 and can only be discharged from the spray device 6, thereby improving the effect of spray cooling.

[0034] Furthermore, a flow limiting valve 12 is connected to the first pipeline 1. The flow limiting valve 12 ensures that the spray flow rate is controllable under different external pressure conditions, and prevents the platform from sinking rapidly after too much spray water is introduced.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the first pipeline 1 and the second pipeline 2 are directly connected to the outside of the hull 4 at the side away from the stack compartment 5.

[0036] In another optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a second manifold 8, one end of which is connected to the outside of the hull 4, and the other end of the second manifold 8 is connected to the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 respectively. The ends of the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 away from the stack 5 are connected to the outside of the hull 4 through the second manifold 8. When cooling by external cold water, the cooling water enters the first pipe 1 from the second manifold 8. When steam discharge pressure relief is performed, the steam in the second pipe 2 is discharged to the outside of the hull 4 through the second manifold 8, further reducing the use of related pipelines. Furthermore, the end of the second manifold 8 connected to the hull 4 is fixedly connected with a filter 83, and the cold water entering from the outside is filtered through the filter 83. At the same time, when the pressure is relieved, high-temperature and high-pressure steam is ejected from the end of the second manifold 8, and the filter 83 can be cleaned at the same time.

[0037] Furthermore, the second manifold 8 is connected with a second valve 81 and a regulating valve 82. The second manifold 8 is opened and closed by the second valve 81. The flow of the fluid passing through the second manifold 8 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve 82, and the regulating valve 82 can be a solenoid valve.

[0038] When using passive safety systems, such as Figure 1As shown, the second valve 81 and the regulating valve 82 are opened, and the seawater is introduced from the second manifold 8 to the first check valve 11, and then enters the second branch pipe 72 in the stack compartment 5 through the first manifold 7 after passing through the flow limiting valve 12. The seawater then sprays the stack compartment 5 through the spray device 6 to cool and reduce the pressure. When the hull 4 floats up, the seawater side pressure at the connection port between the second manifold 8 and the hull 4 decreases, and the spray flow rate decreases. Due to the continuous steam release in the stack compartment 5, the pressure in the cabin is higher than the external environmental pressure. At this time, the steam in the cabin is driven by the internal and external pressure difference, enters the first manifold 7 through the first branch pipe 71 and the fourth check valve 711, and enters the second pipeline 2 through the first manifold 7, and then enters the radioactive filtering device 3 through the third check valve 24 for filtration to remove the radioactivity in the released steam, and then passes through the second check valve 21 and the radiation sensor 22. After the radiation sensor 22 senses that the radiation in the steam is within the permitted range, the first valve 23 is opened, and the steam is discharged into the seawater through the second manifold 8.

[0039] The present invention can be applied to the cooling of the stack compartment 5 under accident conditions, and can complete the passive spraying or pressure relief inside the stack compartment 5 under different pressure difference conditions between the outside of the hull 4 and the inside of the stack compartment 5, so that it can be applied to various sea conditions and has high reliability. Secondly, in order to make the system simple and efficient, the system combines the first pipeline 1 and the second pipeline 2 of the stack compartment 5 into a system that can be used for spraying cooling or pressure relief through the design of multiple check valves, thereby reducing the use of related pipelines. Compared with the active safety system of the traditional stack compartment 5, the present invention not only eliminates active facilities such as motors and pump equipment, but also reduces the use of related pipelines. It is conducive to application in marine nuclear power platforms with narrow spaces, and is convenient for subsequent operation and maintenance.

[0040] The present invention also provides a water platform, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a hull 4 and a passive safety system as in any of the above embodiments, and a stack 5 is arranged in the hull 4. One end of a first pipe 1 is connected to the interior of the stack, and the other end of the first pipe 1 is connected to the outside of the hull 4. One end of a second pipe 2 is connected to the interior of the stack, and the other end of the second pipe 2 is connected to the outside of the hull 4.

[0041] A passive safety system is used on the water platform. The water level when the platform is submerged will submerge the connecting ports of the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 with the outside of the hull 4. The external high-pressure seawater in the submerged state is used as a cooling water source, and the seawater is injected into the stack compartment 5 through the pressure difference between the inside of the stack compartment 5 and the outside of the hull 4 to cool and reduce the pressure of the stack compartment 5. When the spray water inside the stack compartment 5 evaporates or the high-energy pipeline in the compartment breaks, the air pressure in the stack compartment 5 increases. When the pressure generated inside the stack compartment 5 at the port of the second pipe 2 is greater than the pressure at the port where the second pipe 2 is connected to the hull 4, the steam inside the stack compartment 5 is discharged to the outside through the second pipe 2, and at the same time, the radioactive filter device 3 filters the discharged steam to remove the radioactivity discharged to the outside.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive safety system, characterized in that: It includes a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a radioactive filtering device; One end of the first pipe and the second pipe is connected to the outside of the hull, and the other end is connected to the inside of the ship compartment; The first pipeline is connected to a first check valve, the first check valve restricts the fluid from passing in a direction away from the stack compartment, and the second pipeline is connected to a second check valve, the second check valve restricts the fluid from passing in a direction close to the stack compartment; The radioactive filtering device is connected to the second pipe.

2. The passive safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipeline is connected to a radiation sensor and a first valve located at the discharge end of the radioactive filtering device.

3. The passive safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spray device, which is arranged in the stack compartment, and one end of the first pipeline extends into the stack compartment and is connected with the spray device.

4. The passive safety system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first manifold, one end of which is communicated with the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively, and the other end of the first manifold is connected with the spray device.

5. The passive safety system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second pipeline is connected to a third check valve located at the discharge end of the radioactive filtering device, and the third check valve limits the fluid from passing in a direction close to the stack compartment.

6. The passive safety system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe respectively connected to one end of the first manifold close to the stack compartment, the first manifold is connected to the interior of the stack compartment through the first branch pipe, the first manifold is connected to the spray device through the second branch pipe, and the first branch pipe is connected to a fourth check valve, the fourth check valve limits the fluid from passing through in a direction close to the stack compartment.

7. The passive safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipeline is connected with a flow limiting valve.

8. The passive safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second manifold, one end of which is connected to the outside of the hull, and the other end of which is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively.

9. The passive safety system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second manifold is connected with a second valve and a regulating valve.

10. A water platform, characterized in that: It comprises a hull and a passive safety system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a stack compartment is arranged in the hull.

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