Nitrogen cooling device based on superconducting magnet

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of superconducting magnet technology, and more particularly to a nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet, comprising a shell, a vacuum chamber, a nitrogen bath, a nitrogen channel, and a copper busbar. A low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber is formed inside the shell; the vacuum chamber is disposed within the low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber; and the nitrogen bath is disposed within the vacuum chamber. The nitrogen channel is formed at the top of the vacuum chamber; the bottom of the nitrogen channel communicates with the nitrogen bath; and a nitrogen outlet is provided on the nitrogen channel. The copper busbar passes through the nitrogen channel, and its bottom end is connected to the magnet via a current lead. The low-temperature nitrogen gas generated by the evaporation of liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen bath rises into the nitrogen channel and flows into the shell through the nitrogen outlet. When the low-temperature nitrogen gas flows over the surfaces of the copper busbar and the current lead, it cools the copper busbar and the current lead, reducing the amount of liquid nitrogen evaporation. The shell isolates the vacuum chamber from the external environment, which helps to reduce the loss of cooling capacity in the nitrogen bath. Overall, this design allows for full utilization of the cooling capacity of the liquid nitrogen, reducing energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting magnet technology, and more particularly to a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet. Background Technology

[0002] After being cooled, the magnet becomes a superconducting magnet with zero resistance. A strong magnetic field can be generated by passing an electric current through the magnet. Various cooling techniques have been developed to address different types of magnets, such as liquid nitrogen immersion or cryogenic refrigerators.

[0003] Traditional nitrogen refrigeration devices do not make full use of the cooling capacity, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet to solve the problem that traditional nitrogen cooling devices do not make full use of cooling capacity, resulting in energy waste.

[0005] This invention provides a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet, comprising:

[0006] The shell contains a low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber.

[0007] A vacuum chamber is set inside a low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber, forming a vacuum chamber inside.

[0008] A nitrogen bath, located inside a vacuum chamber, is used to contain liquid nitrogen and magnets;

[0009] A nitrogen channel is formed at the top of the vacuum chamber; the bottom of the nitrogen channel is connected to the nitrogen bath; a nitrogen outlet is provided on the nitrogen channel.

[0010] The copper busbar is installed inside the nitrogen gas channel, and its bottom end is connected to the magnet via a current lead.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least one side of the copper busbar is formed with a heat exchange groove; a plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged at equal intervals in each heat exchange groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, the top of the copper busbar extends through the top of the housing.

[0013] In some embodiments, a nitrogen outlet hole is formed on at least one side of the top of the nitrogen channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, a nitrogen path extension channel is formed on at least one side wall of the nitrogen channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, a claw vacuum pump is provided on at least one side of the housing.

[0016] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0017] The liquid nitrogen inflow pipe is vertically installed, with its bottom end extending into the nitrogen bath.

[0018] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0019] The level gauge is installed vertically, with its bottom extending into the nitrogen bath.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet of this invention comprises a shell, a vacuum chamber, a nitrogen bath, a nitrogen channel, and a copper busbar. A low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber is formed inside the shell. The vacuum chamber is located within the low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber. A vacuum cavity is formed inside the vacuum chamber. The nitrogen bath is located within the vacuum cavity. The nitrogen bath is used to hold liquid nitrogen and the magnet to be cooled. The nitrogen channel is formed at the top of the vacuum chamber. The vacuum cavity is a closed chamber and is not connected to the nitrogen channel. The bottom of the nitrogen channel is connected to the nitrogen bath through two or more drainage pipes. A nitrogen outlet is provided on the nitrogen channel. The copper busbar passes through the nitrogen channel, and its bottom end is connected to the magnet through a current lead. Current is passed into the magnet through the copper busbar and the current lead to generate a strong magnetic field. The low-temperature nitrogen generated by the evaporation of liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen bath rises along the drainage pipes into the nitrogen channel and flows into the shell through the nitrogen outlet. When the cryogenic nitrogen flow passes over the surfaces of the copper busbar and current leads, it cools the copper busbar and current leads, preventing them from transferring a large amount of heat into the nitrogen bath, thus reducing the evaporation and loss of liquid nitrogen. By adding a shell, the vacuum chamber is isolated from the external environment, preventing heat exchange and further reducing the loss of cooling capacity and liquid nitrogen within the nitrogen bath. Moreover, the cryogenic nitrogen flowing into the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber keeps the temperature inside significantly lower than the external environment, creating a cryogenic environment around the vacuum chamber, further reducing the loss of cooling capacity and the amount of liquid nitrogen consumed for magnet cooling. Overall, this ensures full utilization of the liquid nitrogen's cooling capacity, reducing energy waste and lowering operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of some specific embodiments of a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the copper busbar in the nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the nitrogen channel in a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet, shown below;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage introduction component.

[0025] In the attached diagram, 110 is the housing; 111 is the claw vacuum pump; 120 is the vacuum chamber; 130 is the nitrogen bath; 140 is the nitrogen channel; 141 is the nitrogen outlet; 142 is the nitrogen path extension channel; 150 is the copper busbar; 151 is the heat exchange tank; 1511 is the heat exchange fins; 160 is the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe; 170 is the level gauge; 180 is the high-pressure inlet assembly; 181 is the fixing rod; 182 is the high-pressure equalizing ring; 183 is the high-pressure connection terminal; 184 is the high-pressure inlet clamp; 190 is the current lead; and 200 is the magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] As described in the background section, a cooled magnet becomes a superconducting magnet with zero resistance. A strong magnetic field can be generated by passing an electric current through the magnet. Various cooling technologies have emerged to address different types of magnets, such as liquid nitrogen immersion or cryogenic refrigerators. However, traditional nitrogen cooling devices do not fully utilize the cooling capacity, leading to energy waste.

[0028] To solve the above problems, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This invention provides a nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet, comprising a housing 110, a vacuum chamber 120, a nitrogen bath 130, a nitrogen channel 140, and a copper busbar 150. A low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber is formed inside the housing 110. The vacuum chamber 120 is disposed within the low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber. A vacuum cavity is formed inside the vacuum chamber 120. The nitrogen bath 130 is disposed within the vacuum cavity. The nitrogen bath 130 is used to hold liquid nitrogen and the magnet 200 to be cooled. The nitrogen channel 140 is formed at the top of the vacuum chamber 120. It should be noted that the vacuum cavity is a closed chamber and is not connected to the nitrogen channel 140. The bottom of the nitrogen channel 130 is connected to the nitrogen bath 130 through two or more drainage pipes. A nitrogen outlet 141 is provided on the nitrogen channel 140. The copper busbar 150 passes through the nitrogen channel 140, and its bottom end is connected to the magnet 200 through a current lead 190. A strong magnetic field is generated by passing an electric current through the copper busbar 150 and the current lead 190 into the magnet 200. Low-temperature nitrogen gas generated by the evaporation of liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen bath 130 rises along the drainage pipe into the nitrogen channel 140 and flows into the housing 110 through the nitrogen outlet 141. As the low-temperature nitrogen gas flows over the surfaces of the copper busbar 150 and the current lead 190, it cools them, preventing them from introducing a large amount of heat into the nitrogen bath 130, thus reducing the amount of liquid nitrogen evaporation and loss. By adding the housing 110, the vacuum chamber 120 is isolated from the external environment, preventing heat exchange between the external environment and the vacuum chamber 120, which helps reduce the loss of cooling capacity within the nitrogen bath 130 and further reduces liquid nitrogen consumption. Furthermore, the cryogenic nitrogen flowing into the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber keeps the temperature inside the chamber significantly lower than the external environment, creating a cryogenic environment around the vacuum chamber 120. This further helps reduce the loss of cooling capacity within the nitrogen bath 130 and decreases the amount of liquid nitrogen consumed in cooling the magnet 200. Overall, this ensures full utilization of the cooling capacity of the liquid nitrogen, reduces energy waste, and lowers operating costs.

[0029] Specifically, in the exemplary example, a heat exchange groove 151 is formed on at least one side of the copper busbar 150. Multiple heat exchange fins 1511 are evenly spaced within each heat exchange groove 151. This increases the contact area between the copper busbar 150 and the low-temperature nitrogen gas, further improving the cooling effect on the copper busbar 150, thereby further reducing the heat introduced into the nitrogen bath 130 by the copper busbar 150.

[0030] In some embodiments, a heat exchange groove 151 is formed on one side of the copper busbar 150. A plurality of heat exchange fins 1511 are arranged at equal intervals within the heat exchange groove 151.

[0031] In other embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, heat exchange grooves 151 are formed on opposite sides of the copper busbar 150. Multiple heat exchange fins 1511 are arranged at equal intervals in each heat exchange groove 151.

[0032] Preferably, the depth of the middle part of each heat exchange tank 151 is greater than that of the top and the bottom, which helps to increase the residence time of low-temperature nitrogen in the heat exchange tank 151 and further improve the cooling effect.

[0033] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent heat exchange fins 1511 on each side is 1mm-10mm to ensure cooling effect.

[0034] Preferably, a sealing layer is formed on the outside of the copper busbar 150, the current lead 190 and the magnet 200 to provide a sealing and isolation function.

[0035] Preferably, the top of the copper busbar 150 extends through the top of the housing 110 to facilitate the introduction of high-voltage current into the copper busbar 150.

[0036] Preferably, a first sealing element is provided at the top of the housing 110 to seal the contact point between the housing 110 and the copper busbar 150, thereby preventing the leakage of low-temperature nitrogen gas.

[0037] Preferably, a second sealing element is provided at the top of the nitrogen channel 140 to prevent low-temperature nitrogen leakage at the contact point between the top of the nitrogen channel 140 and the copper busbar 150.

[0038] Preferably, the first seal and the second seal can be a sealing ring or a filler.

[0039] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the nitrogen cooling device based on the superconducting magnet also includes a high-voltage introduction assembly 180. The high-voltage introduction assembly 180 is integrally mounted on the top of the housing 110. The high-voltage introduction assembly 180 includes a fixing rod 181, a high-voltage equalizing ring 182, a high-voltage connection terminal 183, and a high-voltage introduction clamp 184. The axis of the fixing rod 181 is vertically oriented, and its bottom end is fixed to the top of the housing 110. The high-voltage equalizing ring 182 is mounted on the top of the fixing rod 181. The potentials of all parts of the high-voltage equalizing ring 182 are equal. The high-voltage connection terminal 183 is mounted on the high-voltage equalizing ring 182 and is suitable for connection to a high-voltage device. The high-voltage device can input a high voltage into the high-voltage introduction assembly 180. The high-voltage introduction clamp 184 is fixed to the bottom end of the fixing rod 181 and can be connected to the copper busbar 150.

[0040] In some embodiments, a nitrogen outlet 141 is formed on one side of the top of the nitrogen channel 140, which helps to extend the travel path of the cryogenic nitrogen and thus extend the residence time of the cryogenic nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140.

[0041] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, there are two nitrogen outlet holes 141, which are formed on opposite sides of the top of the nitrogen channel 140, which helps to extend the travel path of the low-temperature nitrogen and thus extend the residence time of the low-temperature nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140.

[0042] In some embodiments, a nitrogen path extension channel 142 is formed on one side wall of the nitrogen channel 140, which can further extend the travel path of the cryogenic nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140, thereby extending the residence time of the cryogenic nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140.

[0043] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, nitrogen path extension channels 142 are formed on the opposite side walls of the nitrogen channel 140, which can further extend the travel path of the low-temperature nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140, thereby extending the residence time of the low-temperature nitrogen in the nitrogen channel 140.

[0044] In some embodiments, a claw-type vacuum pump 111 is provided on the lower part of one side of the housing 110. The claw-type vacuum pump depressurizes the nitrogen flowing into the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber, converting the cryogenic nitrogen into supercooled nitrogen, and further reducing the temperature inside the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber.

[0045] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, claw-type vacuum pumps 111 are respectively provided on the lower part of opposite sides of the housing 110. The claw-type vacuum pumps depressurize the nitrogen flowing into the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber, converting the cryogenic nitrogen into subcooled nitrogen, and further reducing the temperature inside the cryogenic nitrogen storage chamber.

[0046] Specifically, in the example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet also includes a liquid nitrogen storage bottle, a liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 160, and a level gauge 170. The liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 160 is vertically arranged, with its top end connected to the liquid nitrogen storage bottle and its bottom end extending into the nitrogen bath 130. The liquid nitrogen storage bottle is used to store liquid nitrogen and can supply liquid nitrogen to the nitrogen bath 130 through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 160. The level gauge 170 is vertically arranged, with its bottom end extending into the nitrogen bath 130. The level gauge 170 is used to detect the liquid level height in the nitrogen bath 130. When the level gauge 170 detects that the liquid level height in the nitrogen bath 130 is lower than a preset value, the liquid nitrogen storage bottle replenishes the nitrogen bath 130 with liquid nitrogen through the liquid nitrogen inlet pipe 160.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet, characterized by, include: The shell contains a low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber. A vacuum chamber is disposed inside the low-temperature nitrogen storage chamber, and a vacuum chamber is formed inside it; A nitrogen bath, located within the vacuum chamber, is used to contain liquid nitrogen and magnets; A nitrogen channel is formed at the top of the vacuum chamber; the bottom of the nitrogen channel is connected to the nitrogen bath through two or more drainage pipes; a nitrogen outlet hole is provided on the nitrogen channel; A copper busbar is inserted into the nitrogen channel, and its bottom end is connected to the magnet via a current lead. The low-temperature nitrogen gas generated by the evaporation of liquid nitrogen in the nitrogen bath rises along the drainage pipe into the nitrogen gas channel and flows into the shell through the nitrogen outlet hole.

2. The superconducting magnet based nitrogen cold plant of claim 1, wherein, At least one side of the copper busbar is formed with a heat exchange groove; a plurality of heat exchange fins are arranged at equal intervals in each heat exchange groove.

3. The nitrogen cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the copper busbar extends through the top of the housing.

4. The nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The nitrogen outlet is formed on at least one side of the top of the nitrogen channel.

5. The nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A nitrogen path extension channel is formed on at least one side wall of the nitrogen channel.

6. The nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A claw-type vacuum pump is provided on at least one side of the housing.

7. The nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The liquid nitrogen inflow pipe is vertically installed, with its bottom end extending into the nitrogen bath.

8. The nitrogen-cooling device based on a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The level gauge is vertically installed, with its bottom extending into the nitrogen bath.

Images