Compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications

Abstract

This invention discloses a compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications, specifically relating to the field of microwave communication technology. It addresses the technical challenges of existing antennas, which, while achieving dual-band operation, require relatively large planar dimensions. Although some antennas utilize half-mode patches to effectively operate in both frequency bands while maintaining a compact size, the presence of an air layer results in relatively low integration, limiting their application. The technical solution involves combining two half-mode patches to successfully achieve dual-band operation using four modes. This invention achieves enhanced bandwidth within a very compact size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microwave communication technology, specifically to a compact single-layer dual-frequency patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications. Background Technology

[0002] The emergence of 5G technology has placed high demands on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas and introduced new Sub-6GHz bands (such as N78 and N79), leading to a significant increase in the number of antennas required by modern 5G terminals. However, the internal space of these terminals is already increasingly crowded, occupied by larger screens, cameras, batteries, and even speakers. This leaves very limited space for terminal antennas, making antenna miniaturization and multi-band coverage key research areas.

[0003] End-fire antennas are typically mounted only in the outer frame of a terminal, limiting their applications. Patch antennas, favored for their small size, light weight, and high manufacturing cost, are an excellent choice for 5G terminals. Therefore, there is currently a significant amount of research on patch antennas. Many different methods for designing dual-band patch antennas have been proposed, such as using parasitic patches, slots, or metallized vias. While these antennas achieve dual-band operation, they require relatively large planar dimensions. Although some antennas use half-mode patches to effectively operate in both frequency bands while maintaining a compact size, the presence of an air layer results in relatively low integration, limiting their applications. Therefore, achieving low-cost, high-integration dual-band operation within a compact size remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, this invention solves the technical problem that although existing antennas achieve dual-band operation, they require relatively large planar dimensions; although some antennas use half-mode patches to effectively operate in both frequency bands while maintaining a compact size, the presence of an air layer results in relatively low integration, limiting their application. This invention provides a compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications, which achieves dual-band operation by combining two half-mode patches and utilizing four modes, achieving bandwidth enhancement in a very compact size.

[0005] This invention provides a compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications, comprising an antenna substrate on which a metal patch for radiation is disposed; the metal patch has slots for increasing bandwidth; enabling dual-band operation, transmitting two higher-order modes (TM) 0.5，2 The mode is shifted to the 4.9GHz band to form a dual-mode operation, and a metal ground is provided below the antenna substrate.

[0006] Furthermore, the metal patch is provided with metallized grooves for dividing the metal patch and metallized vias for power supply. The metallized grooves connected to the metal ground divide the metal patch into two half-mold patches. By combining the two half-mold patches, dual-frequency operation is successfully achieved using four modes, realizing bandwidth enhancement in a very compact size.

[0007] Furthermore, the metallization groove and metallization through-hole penetrate downward through the antenna substrate.

[0008] Furthermore, a probe structure is disposed on the metal ground plane, the probe structure passing through a metallized via. The probe structure is used to transfer energy from the power supply port to the metal patch.

[0009] Furthermore, the probe structure is connected to a power supply port on the metal ground.

[0010] Furthermore, the metallized groove is connected to the metal ground, and the metallized through hole is connected to the metal patch.

[0011] Furthermore, the antenna substrate has a dielectric constant of 4.4, a loss angle of 0.02, and a thickness of 2.5 mm.

[0012] The present invention also provides an antenna system comprising the above-described compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna array for 5G terminal applications.

[0013] Furthermore, the antenna array angle is ninety degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, the antenna array consists of four antennas, thus forming a 2×2 MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system. This antenna system is implemented using only a single substrate.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0016] 1. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications provided by this invention are the first to integrate TM... 0.5，0 Pattern™ 0.5，2 The module has been successfully integrated and applied to the field of patch antenna dual-band. It can achieve microwave dual-band coverage and microwave MIMO function at the same time. It also has the excellent characteristics of high integration, low cost and compact size, which makes it extremely valuable for practical use.

[0017] 2. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system for 5G terminal applications provided by the present invention achieves dual-band operation by combining two half-mode patches and utilizing four modes, thereby achieving bandwidth enhancement in a very compact size.

[0018] 3. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna and antenna system provided by the present invention for 5G terminal applications can achieve dual-band operation of the patch antenna using only one substrate (without an air layer), which has high integration and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1a This is a structural diagram of the antenna element of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the metal patch structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 1c This is a cross-sectional view of the antenna substrate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the antenna system after the antenna array of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3a The simulation results of the impedance bandwidth of the antenna of this invention are shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 3b This is a simulation result diagram of the isolation between the elements of the antenna of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The simulation results show the envelope coefficient of the antenna of this invention.

[0027] Figures 5a to 5d This is a simulation radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Gap; 2. Metal patch; 3. Antenna substrate; 4. Metal ground; 5. Metallized groove; 6. Metallized via; 7. Probe structure; 8. Feed port. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] This embodiment provides a compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications, as shown in Figure 1. It mainly includes an antenna substrate 3, a metal ground plane 4 located below the antenna substrate 3, a metal patch 2 for radiation and a slot 1 for bandwidth enhancement located on the antenna substrate 3, a metallized groove 5 on the antenna substrate 3 for dividing the metal patch 2, and a metallized via 6 for feeding. A probe structure 7 for antenna feeding is provided on the upper surface of the metal ground plane 4, which transfers energy from the feed port 8 to the metal patch 2. The metallized via 6 is connected to the metal patch 2, and the metallized groove 5 is connected to the metal ground plane 4. This antenna achieves microwave dual-band coverage while also enabling microwave MIMO functionality, and possesses excellent characteristics such as high integration, low cost, and compact size, making it highly practical.

[0032] A metallized groove 5 connected to the metal ground 4 divides the metal patch 2 into two half-mode patches. In the 3.5GHz band, both half-mode patches operate in the base mode, which is TM0.5, mode 0, and the two modes are combined to achieve dual-mode operation. Subsequently, in order to achieve dual-band operation, gaps 1 are set on the two metal patches 2 respectively, and the two higher-order modes (TM0.5, mode 2) are moved to the 4.9GHz band to form dual-mode operation.

[0033] The antenna substrate used in this case has a dielectric constant of 4.4, a loss angle of 0.02, and a thickness of 2.5 mm. The overall cross-sectional height is 2.5 mm (~ 0.028λ 0 @3.5 The impedance bandwidth and inter-element isolation of the antenna are shown in Figure 3. For S11 ≤ -10dB, the bandwidth ranges are 3.35–3.73GHz and 4.80–5.00GHz, showing good coverage of the Sub-6 GHz band (N78 and N79). The antenna envelope coefficient is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, its value is below 0.25, indicating good performance. Figures 5a to 5d The radiation patterns of the antenna at 3.45 GHz, 3.65 GHz, 4.75 GHz, and 4.95 GHz in the xoz and yoz planes are shown in sequence. It can be seen that the radiation modes of the antenna elements have good complementarity. These complementary radiation modes indicate strong diversity performance and confirm the comprehensive spatial coverage capability of the MIMO system.

[0034] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications, characterized in that, The antenna substrate (3) includes a metal patch (2) for radiation, the metal patch (2) has a slot (1) for increasing bandwidth, and a metal ground plane (4) is provided below the antenna substrate (3). The metal patch (2) is provided with metallized grooves (5) for dividing the metal patch (2) and metallized through holes (6) for power supply. The metallization groove (5) and the metallization through hole (6) penetrate downward through the antenna substrate (3); The metallization groove (5) connected to the metal ground (4) divides the metal patch (2) into two half-mode patches; in the 3.5GHz band, both half-mode patches work in the base mode, which is TM0.5,0 mode, and the two modes are combined to achieve dual-mode operation. Gaps (1) are set on the two metal patches (2) respectively to move the two higher-order modes TM0.5,2 mode to the 4.9GHz band to form dual-mode operation.

2. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power supply port (8) is provided on the metal ground (4), and a probe structure (7) is provided at the power supply port (8), the probe structure (7) passing through the metallized through hole (6).

3. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications according to claim 2, characterized in that: The probe structure (7) is connected to the power supply port (8) on the metal ground (4).

4. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metallization groove (5) is connected to the metal ground (4), and the metallization through hole (6) is connected to the metal patch (2).

5. The compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna for 5G terminal applications according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna substrate (3) has a dielectric constant of 4.4, a loss angle of 0.02, and a thickness of 2.5 mm.

6. An antenna system, characterized in that: It is composed of a compact single-layer dual-band patch antenna array for 5G terminal applications as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The antenna system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The antenna array angle is 90 degrees.

8. The antenna system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna array consists of four antennas.

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