Light emitting device, electronic device including light emitting device, fused ring compound, and method of evaluating protection coefficient of atoms included in compound

Abstract

A light emitting device, an electronic device including the light emitting device, a fused ring compound, and a method of evaluating a protection coefficient of an atom included in the compound are provided. The fused ring compound is represented by Formula 1. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, where the emission layer includes emitters and a number m1 of hosts, m1 is an integer of 1 or more, and when m1 is 2 or more, m1 is an integer of 1 or more. The two or more hosts differ from each other, the emitter and the number m1 of hosts differ from each other, the emitter including a fused ring in which two or more monocyclic groups are fused to each other, at least one of the monocyclic groups being a 6-membered ring including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms, and at least one of the protection coefficients of the boron atoms in the emitter is 0.7 or more. The description of Formula 1 is provided herein. Formula 1 # imgabs0 #

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0116270 filed on September 1, 2023, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0115594 filed on August 28, 2024, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a light emitting device, an electronic device including the light emitting device, a condensed ring compound, and a method of evaluating a protection coefficient of atoms included in the compound. Background Art

[0004] An organic light emitting device among light emitting devices is a self-emitting device having a wide viewing angle, a high contrast ratio, a short response time, and excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed compared to devices in the related art, and produces a full-color image.

[0005] In an example, an organic light emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an intermediate layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and including an emission layer. A hole transport region may be provided between the anode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region may be provided between the emission layer and the cathode. Holes provided from the anode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the cathode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Holes and electrons recombine in the emission layer to generate excitons. Excitons transition from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light. Summary of the invention

[0006] Provided are a light emitting device having a long lifetime and an electronic device including the light emitting device. Also provided are a condensed ring compound capable of providing a light emitting device having a long lifetime and a method of evaluating a protection factor of atoms included in the compound.

[0007] Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a light emitting device comprises

[0009] The first electrode,

[0010] a second electrode facing the first electrode, and

[0011] an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer,

[0012] The emission layer may include an emitter and a number m1 of bodies,

[0013] m1 can be an integer of 1 or greater,

[0014] When m1 is 2 or more, two or more entities may be different from each other,

[0015] The emitters and the number m1 of bodies may be different from each other,

[0016] The emitter may include a condensed ring in which two or more monocyclic groups are condensed to each other, and at least one of the monocyclic groups may be a 6-membered ring including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms,

[0017] The protection coefficients of the boron atoms in the emitter may be represented by Expression 1 and at least one of the protection coefficients of the boron atoms may be 0.7 or more, and

[0018] Expression 1

[0019] 1-(A 2 / A 1 )

[0020] Among them, in expression 1,

[0021] A 1 represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between the boron atom used in the determination of Expression 1 and the atom farthest from the boron atom among the atoms included in the emitter,

[0022] A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, wherein the region M2 is a region reached by a projection line from the boron atom (a projection line from the boron atom) without contacting a surface surrounding a virtual compound E, the virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom does not exist, and

[0023] A 1 and A 2 Each can be evaluated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes the light emitting device.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 is provided:

[0026] Formula 1

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, in Formula 1, Ar 0 It may be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0029] Formula 2

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, in formula 1 and 2,

[0032] Ring Y 1 To Ring Y 3 Can be independently C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic group or C 3 -C 60 Heterocyclic group, W 1 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 1 )、N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ), W 2 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 2 )、N(T 21 )、C(T 22 )(T 23 ), or Si(T 22 )(T 23 ), n1 and n2 can each independently be 0 or 1,

[0033] When n1 is 0, *-(W 1 ) n1 -*' may not exist,

[0034] When n2 is 0, *-(W 2 ) n2 -*' may not exist,

[0035] The sum of n1 and n2 can be 1 or greater.

[0036] Ar 1 and Ar 2 may each be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0037] R 1 To R 10 Can be independently

[0038] hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano,

[0039] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof, or

[0040] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 6 -C 60 Aryl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof,

[0041] R 11 To R 13 Can be independently

[0042] hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano, or

[0043] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof,

[0044] The * in Formula 2 represents the binding site with Formula 1,

[0045] Z 1 To Z 3 , T 11 To T 13 and T 21 To T 23 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-Ge(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-B(Q 6 )(Q 7 )、-P(=O)(Q 8 )(Q 9 )、-P(Q 8 )(Q 9 ), or a group represented by formula 2,

[0046] b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10,

[0047] Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , T 21 , T 22 and T 23 Two or more of may be optionally linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0048] Substituted C 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, substituted C 3 -C10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C 60 At least one substituent of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group may each independently be

[0049] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio,

[0050] Each of C is substituted by 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof,

[0051] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof,

[0052] -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37)、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 ),or

[0053] any combination thereof, and

[0054] Q 1 To Q 9 , Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39 may be each independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, or any combination thereof.

[0055] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for evaluating a protection factor of an atom X included in a compound Y, comprising:

[0056] (a) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 1 , where A 1represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between atom X included in compound Y and an atom farthest from atom X among atoms included in compound Y,

[0057] (b) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 2 , where A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, and the region M2 is a region reached by a projection line from atom X (a projection line from atom X) without contacting a surface surrounding a virtual compound YE, the virtual compound YE having the same structure as compound Y except that atom X does not exist, and

[0058] (c) Evaluation 1-(A 2 / A 1 ) to calculate the protection factor of atom X. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of some embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0060] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting device according to an embodiment;

[0061] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a virtual ball 100, which is used to evaluate the A of compound 3. 1 is necessary;

[0062] Figure 3A is a schematic diagram showing a surface 110 two-dimensionally around a virtual compound 3E, wherein the compound 3E has the same structure as the compound 3 except that the boron atom is absent;

[0063] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram showing a surface 110 surrounding a virtual compound 3E in three dimensions;

[0064] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing: i) a compound 3 and a virtual sphere 100 having a surface 110 surrounding a virtual compound 3E; and ii) a region M2 in the virtual sphere 100 and a region M3 other than the region M2; and

[0065] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing region M2 and region M3 of compound 3 three-dimensionally. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiment may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to illustrate aspects. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related enumerated items. Expressions such as "at least one (kind)" when before or after a list of elements modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.

[0067] Light-emitting devices

[0068] The light emitting device according to the embodiment may include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0069] The intermediate layer may include an emissive layer.

[0070] The emission layer may include an emitter and a number of hosts m1. m1 may be an integer of 1 or greater. When m1 is 2 or greater, two or more hosts in the emission layer may be different from each other. For example, when m1 is 2 or greater, the host of the emission layer may be a mixture of different hosts. For example, m1 may be 2, the host may include a first host and a second host, and the first host and the second host may be different from each other. For example, the emitter and the number of hosts m1 may be different from each other. For example, the emitter may be a delayed fluorescent emitter.

[0071] In an embodiment, m1 may be 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0072] In one or more embodiments, m1 may be 1 or 2.

[0073] When m1 is 2, a weight ratio between two different hosts included in the emission layer may be in a range of about 1:9 to about 9:1, about 2:8 to about 8:2, about 3:7 to about 7:3, or about 4:6 to about 6:4. When the above weight ratios are satisfied, holes and electrons may move efficiently in the emission layer.

[0074] The ratio of the fluorescent emission component emitted from the emitter to the total emission component emitted from the emission layer may be 70% or greater, for example, in the range of about 70% to about 100%, about 70% to about 95%, about 70% to about 90%, about 70% to about 85%, or about 70% to about 80%.

[0075] The fluorescent emission component emitted from the emitter may be an emission component emitted when an exciton of the delayed fluorescent emitter transitions from a singlet excited state to a ground state. Therefore, the emission layer may be a fluorescent emission layer. The fluorescent emission layer is clearly distinguished from a phosphorescent emission layer including a phosphorescent emitter (e.g., an organic metal compound including a transition metal), wherein the ratio of the phosphorescent emission component emitted from the phosphorescent emitter to the total emission component is 70% or more.

[0076] The emission layer may further include a sensitizer. When the emission layer further includes the sensitizer, the excitation energy in the emission layer may be transferred from the sensitizer to the emitter, and the emitter may emit the excitation energy absorbed from the sensitizer as fluorescence. The emitter, the sensitizer, and the number m1 of hosts in the emission layer may be different from each other.

[0077] For example, when the emission layer further includes the sensitizer, in the emission layer, singlet excitons generated at a ratio of 25% in the host can be sensitized by Energy transfer is transferred to the sensitizer, and the energy of triplet excitons generated in the host at a rate of 75% can be transferred to the singlet and triplet excited states of the sensitizer. Among these excitons, the triplet excitons transferred to the singlet and triplet excited states of the sensitizer can be transferred to the singlet and triplet excited states of the sensitizer by Energy transfer is transferred to the singlet excited state of the emitter. As a result, the singlet excitons and triplet excitons generated in the emission layer can all be transferred to the singlet excited state of the emitter and then undergo radiative transition to the ground state, thereby emitting fluorescence with high luminescence efficiency, i.e., hyperfluorescence.

[0078] The weight of the host in the emission layer in an amount m1 may be greater than the weight of the emitter or the total weight of the emitter and the sensitizer. For example, based on 100 wt% of the emission layer, the weight of the host in the emission layer in an amount m1 may be in the range of about 60 wt% to about 99 wt%, about 70 wt% to about 97 wt%, about 80 wt% to about 96 wt%, or about 82 wt% to about 90 wt%.

[0079] The emission layer may emit blue light (eg, blue fluorescence).

[0080] In an embodiment, a half width of fluorescence emitted from the emission layer may be in a range of about 5 nm to about 30 nm, for example, about 10 nm to about 30 nm, or about 20 nm to about 30 nm.

[0081] In one or more embodiments, the emission peak wavelength (maximum emission peak wavelength) of the fluorescence emitted from the emission layer may be in the range of about 400nm to about 500nm, about 440nm to about 470nm, about 445nm to about 470nm, about 450nm to about 470nm, about 455nm to about 470nm, about 460nm to about 470nm, about 440nm to about 465nm, about 445nm to about 465nm, about 450nm to about 465nm, about 455nm to about 465nm, or about 460nm to about 465nm.

[0082] In one or more embodiments, the CIEy value of light emitted from the emitting layer may be in a range of about 0.040 to about 0.170, about 0.050 to about 0.170, about 0.060 to about 0.170, about 0.040 to about 0.165, about 0.050 to about 0.165, or about 0.060 to about 0.165.

[0083] In an embodiment, the first electrode may be an anode as a hole injection electrode, and the second electrode may be a cathode as an electron injection electrode. In one or more embodiments, the first electrode may be a cathode as an electron injection electrode, and the second electrode may be an anode as a hole injection electrode.

[0084] In an embodiment, in the light emitting device, the first electrode may be an anode, the second electrode may be a cathode, and the intermediate layer may further include a hole transport region arranged between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region arranged between the emission layer and the second electrode, wherein the hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a buffer layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0085] The term "intermediate layer" as used herein refers to a single layer and / or a plurality of layers disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode of the light emitting device. In addition to the organic compound, the "intermediate layer" may further include an organic metal complex including a metal.

[0086] Emitter

[0087] The emitter may cause radiative transition of excitation energy (or excitons) received from the host and / or the sensitizer to a ground state, thereby emitting fluorescent light.

[0088] The emitter may include a condensed ring in which two or more monocyclic groups are fused to each other, and at least one of the monocyclic groups may be a 6-membered ring including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms. The 6-membered ring may further include at least one of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a silicon atom as a ring-forming atom. For example, the 6-membered ring may include a boron atom, a nitrogen atom, and a carbon atom as a ring-forming atom. Therefore, the emitter may include at least one boron atom. In one or more embodiments, the number of 6-membered rings including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms in the condensed ring of the emitter may be 1, and the number of boron atoms in the emitter may be 1. In one or more embodiments, the number of 6-membered rings including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms in the condensed ring of the emitter may be 2 or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, or 5), and the number of boron atoms in the emitter may be 2 or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, or 5), for example, as shown in Formulas 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 described below. The condensed ring may be the same as described herein with respect to the condensed ring core of Formula 1.

[0089] The protection factor of the boron atom in the emitter may be represented by Expression 1 and at least one of the protection factors of the boron atom may be 0.7 or greater. As used herein, the protection factor of the boron atom in the emitter refers to the protection factor of the boron atom in a 6-membered ring including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms (e.g., a 6-membered ring including a boron atom, a nitrogen atom, and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms). When the number of the 6-membered rings including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms in the fused ring of the emitter is 2 or greater, the protection factor of each boron atom may be calculated separately, and the protection factors of the boron atoms calculated separately may be the same as or different from each other according to the molecular structure of the emitter.

[0090] In one or more embodiments, the emitter may include one boron atom, and the protection factor of the boron atom may be 0.7 or greater. In one or more embodiments, the emitter may include two boron atoms, and the protection factor of one boron atom of the two boron atoms may be 0.7 or greater. In one or more embodiments, the emitter may include two boron atoms, and the protection factors of each of the two boron atoms may be 0.7 or greater.

[0091] The protection factor can be expressed by Expression 1:

[0092] Expression 1

[0093] 1-(A 2 / A 1 )

[0094] Among them, in expression 1,

[0095] A1 represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between the boron atom used in the determination of Expression 1 and the atom farthest from the boron atom among the atoms included in the emitter,

[0096] A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, wherein the region M2 is the area reached by the projection line from the boron atom without contacting the surface surrounding the virtual compound E, the virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom does not exist, and

[0097] A 1 and A 2 Each can be evaluated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

[0098] In an embodiment, the DFT calculation may be performed based on a molecular structure optimized by a B3LYP / 6-31G(d,p) function.

[0099] In one or more embodiments, the DFT calculation may be performed using a Gaussian program (eg, Gaussian 16 program) or the like.

[0100] In one or more embodiments, the surface surrounding the virtual compound E may be a van der Waals surface of the virtual compound E, a Connolly surface of the virtual compound E, a solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound E, etc. For example, the surface surrounding the virtual compound E may be a solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound E, and the solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound E may be obtained using a solvent accessible surface area (SASA) method.

[0101] In the “virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom (boron atom used in the determination of Expression 1) does not exist”, no atom (for example, no hydrogen) is bonded to the atom (for example, carbon atom) bonded to the boron atom removed from the emitter. Therefore, the spatial arrangement (arrangement) of the atoms included in the “virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom does not exist” is the same as the spatial arrangement of the atoms except the boron atom included in the emitter.

[0102] In one or more embodiments, a method of evaluating a protection factor of an atom X included in a compound Y may include:

[0103] (a) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 1 , where A 1represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between atom X included in compound Y and an atom farthest from atom X among atoms included in compound Y,

[0104] (b) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 2 , where A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, and the region M2 is the region reached by the projection line from the atom X without contacting the surface surrounding the virtual compound YE, the virtual compound YE having the same structure as the compound Y except that the atom X does not exist, and

[0105] (c) Evaluation 1-(A 2 / A 1 ) to calculate the protection factor of atom X.

[0106] In one or more embodiments, a method of evaluating a protection factor of a boron atom included in an emitter may include:

[0107] (a) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 1 , where A 1 represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between a boron atom included in the emitter and an atom farthest from the boron atom among the atoms included in the emitter,

[0108] (b) Evaluate A by using density functional theory calculations 2 , where A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, and the region M2 is the region reached by the projection line from the boron atom without contacting the surface surrounding the virtual compound E, the virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom does not exist, and

[0109] (c) Evaluation 1-(A 2 / A 1 ) to calculate the protection factor of the boron atom.

[0110] In the following, reference will be made to Figure 2 , 3A , 3B, 4 and 5 describe a method of evaluating a protection factor of a boron atom included in Compound 3 according to an embodiment.

[0111]

[0112] like Figure 2 As shown in 1 can be evaluated by using density functional theory calculations, where A 1represents the total area of ​​the surface of the virtual sphere 100 , and the radius of the virtual sphere 100 is the distance between the boron atom included in the compound 3 and the atom farthest from the boron atom among the atoms included in the compound 3 .

[0113] Then, if Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , a surface 110 surrounding a virtual compound 3E having the same structure as compound 3 except that the boron atom is absent can be projected in compound 3 and a virtual sphere 100 and aligned with the center of compound 3, and then A can be evaluated by using density functional theory calculations. 2 , where A 2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere 100, and the region M2 is formed by the projection line from the boron atom (see Figure 4 The region M2 is a region that the boron atom of the compound 3 is exposed to the outside without being protected by other atoms of the compound 3.

[0114]

[0115] In virtual compound 3E, no atom (e.g., no hydrogen) is bonded to each of the three carbon atoms bonded to the boron atom removed from compound 3 and represented by "C1", "C2", and "C3", respectively. Therefore, the spatial arrangement of atoms included in virtual compound 3E is the same as the spatial arrangement of atoms included in compound 3 except for the boron atom.

[0116] A schematic diagram showing a surface 110 surrounding a virtual compound 3E in two dimensions can be referred to. Figure 3A , and a schematic diagram showing a surface 110 surrounding the virtual compound 3E in three dimensions can be referred to Figure 3B .

[0117] The surface 110 surrounding the virtual compound 3E may be a van der Waals surface of the virtual compound 3E, a Connolly surface of the virtual compound 3E, or a solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound 3E. For example, the surface 110 surrounding the virtual compound 3E may be a solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound 3E, and the solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound 3E may be obtained using a solvent accessible surface area (SASA) method, wherein the probe radius is controlled within to within the range (for example, within to within the range of ).

[0118] exist Figure 4In addition to region M2, region M3 other than region M2 in the virtual sphere 100 is also displayed. For example, region M3 may be a region that indirectly displays the following space to the surface of the virtual sphere 100: in the space, the boron atom of compound 3 is not exposed to the outside because it is protected by other atoms of compound 3.

[0119] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing region M2 and region M3 of compound 3 three-dimensionally.

[0120] By using A evaluated as described above 1 and A 2 Calculate 1-(A 2 / A 1 ), the area of ​​the region M3 can be evaluated relative to the total area A of the surface of the virtual ball 100. 1 , that is, the protection coefficient of the boron atom included in compound 3, which indicates the level of protection of the boron atom in compound 3 by other atoms of compound 3.

[0121] In one or more embodiments, the method of evaluating the protection factor of the boron atom and / or the atom X of the compound Y of the emitter may be the same as described in Evaluation Example 2 provided below.

[0122] When at least one of the protection factors of the boron atoms in the emitter satisfies the range described above, the boron atoms can be effectively protected by other atoms included in the emitter, and thus, the stability and / or robustness of the emitter can be improved. Therefore, the light emitting device including the emitter can have an improved lifespan.

[0123] In embodiments, at least one of the protection factors of the boron atoms in the emitter may be from about 0.7 to about 1.0, from about 0.7 to about 0.99, from about 0.7 to about 0.95, from about 0.7 to about 0.9, from about 0.7 to about 0.85, from about 0.7 to about 0.845, from about 0.72 to about 1.0, from about 0.72 to about 0.99, from about 0.72 to about 0.95, from about 0.72 to about 0.9, from about 0.72 to about 0.85, from about 0.72 to about 0.845. , about 0.739 to about 1.0, about 0.739 to about 0.99, about 0.739 to about 0.95, about 0.739 to about 0.9, about 0.739 to about 0.85, about 0.739 to about 0.845, about 0.8 to about 1.0, about 0.8 to about 0.99, about 0.8 to about 0.95, about 0.8 to about 0.9, about 0.8 to about 0.85, about 0.8 to about 0.845, about 0.83 to about 1.0, about 0.83 to about 0.99 , about 0.803 to about 0.95, about 0.803 to about 0.9, about 0.803 to about 0.85, about 0.803 to about 0.845, about 0.81 to about 1.0, about 0.81 to about 0.99, about 0.81 to about 0.95, about 0.81 to about 0.9, about 0.81 to about 0.85, about 0.81 to about 0.845, about 0.83 to about 1.0, about 0.83 to about 0.99, about 0.83 to about 0.95, about 0.83 to about 845, about 0.845 to about 1.0, about 0.84 to about 0.99, about 0.84 to about 0.95, about 0.84 to about 0.9, about 0.84 to about 0.85, about 0.84 to about 0.845, about 0.845 to about 1.0, about 0.84 to about 0.99, about 0.84 to about 0.95, about 0.84 to about 0.9, about 0.84 to about 0.85, about 0.84 to about 0.845, about 0.845 to about 1.0, about 0.845 to about 0.99, about 0.845 to about 0.95, about 0.845 to about 0.9, or about 0.845 to about 0.85.

[0124] The singlet state (S 1 ) energy may be in the range of about 2.700 eV to about 3.050 eV, about 2.800 eV to about 3.050 eV, about 2.900 eV to about 3.050 eV, about 3.000 eV to about 3.050 eV, about 2.700 eV to about 3.035 eV, about 2.800 eV to about 3.035 eV, about 2.900 eV to about 3.035 eV, about 3.000 eV to about 3.035 eV, or about 3.016 eV to about 3.035 eV. In addition, in the singlet state (S 1 ) energy and triplet state (T 1) The absolute value of the difference between the energies may be between 0 eV and about 1 eV, 0 eV and about 0.8 eV, 0 eV and about 0.6 eV, 0 eV and about 0.415 eV, 0 eV and about 0.410 eV, 0 eV and about 0.404 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 1 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 0.8 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 0.6 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 0.415 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 0.410 eV, about 0.1 eV and about 0.404 eV, about 0.2 eV The light emitting device may be in the range of about 0.3 eV to about 1 eV, about 0.2 eV to about 0.8 eV, about 0.2 eV to about 0.6 eV, about 0.2 eV to about 0.415 eV, about 0.2 eV to about 0.410 eV, about 0.2 eV to about 0.404 eV, about 0.3 eV to about 1 eV, about 0.3 eV to about 0.8 eV, about 0.3 eV to about 0.6 eV, about 0.3 eV to about 0.415 eV, about 0.3 eV to about 0.410 eV, or about 0.3 eV to about 0.404 eV. As a result, reverse intersystem crossing in the emitter may be easily achieved, and thus, the light emitting device may have improved internal quantum efficiency.

[0125] In an embodiment, the emitter may satisfy at least one of conditions A and B:

[0126] Condition A

[0127] The singlet state (S 1 ) energy in the range of about 2.700 eV to about 3.050 eV

[0128] Condition B

[0129] In the singlet state (S 1 ) energy and triplet state (T 1 )The absolute value of the difference between the energies is in the range of 0 eV to about 0.415 eV.

[0130] The FWHM of the emission spectrum of the emitter may be in a range from about 5 nm to about 30 nm, such as from about 10 nm to about 30 nm, or from about 20 nm to about 30 nm.

[0131] The emission peak wavelength (maximum emission peak wavelength) of the emission spectrum of the emitter may be in the range of about 400 nm to about 500 nm, about 440 nm to about 470 nm, about 445 nm to about 470 nm, about 450 nm to about 470 nm, about 455 nm to about 470 nm, about 460 nm to about 470 nm, about 440 nm to about 465 nm, about 445 nm to about 465 nm, about 450 nm to about 465 nm, about 455 nm to about 465 nm, or about 460 nm to about 465 nm.

[0132] By using a film including the emitter, the FWHM and the emission peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the emitter can be evaluated. The "film including the emitter" can be manufactured using various methods such as vacuum deposition, coating, and heating. In addition to the emitter, the "film including the emitter" may further include other compounds such as the host described herein.

[0133] The emitter may have an absolute value of a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level in the range of about 4.0 eV to about 6.5 eV.

[0134] In an embodiment, the emitter may include at least one (eg, one or two) group represented by Formula 2:

[0135] Formula 2

[0136]

[0137] Among them, in formula 2,

[0138] R 1 To R 10 Can be independently:

[0139] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0140] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or

[0141] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 6 -C 60 Aryl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof,

[0142] R 11 To R 13 Can be independently:

[0143] hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano; or

[0144] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof, and

[0145] * indicates a binding site to the condensed ring included in the emitter.

[0146] The group represented by Formula 2 may effectively protect the boron atom included in the emitter.

[0147] The C described in this article 1 -C 60 The alkyl group may be C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, or C 1 -C 5 Alkyl. 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, or C 1 -C 5 Each of the alkyl groups may be linear or branched, and in the case of a branched alkyl group, the lower limit of the carbon number of each of the above alkyl groups becomes 3. Examples of the alkyl group may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, and the like. The C 6 -C 60 Aryl can be C 6 -C 20 Aryl, C 6 -C 12 Aryl, or C 6 -C 10 An aryl group, and examples thereof may include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, and the like.

[0148] In an embodiment, in Formula 2,

[0149] R 1 To R 10 Can be independently:

[0150] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0151] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or

[0152] Phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0153] In an embodiment, in Formula 2,

[0154] R 11 To R 13 Can be independently:

[0155] hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano; or

[0156] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof.

[0157] In an embodiment, the group represented by Formula 2 may include C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl (e.g. tert-butyl) (or may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl group (e.g., tert-butyl group). For example, each of the C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 The number of branched alkyl groups (eg, tert-butyl groups) can range from about 1 to about 6, about 2 to about 6, about 3 to about 6, or about 4 to about 6.

[0158] In an embodiment, R in Formula 2 1 To R 13 At least one of the following may include unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl (e.g. tert-butyl) (or may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl (eg tert-butyl)).

[0159] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 2 1 To R 13 Two or more of may include unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl (e.g. tert-butyl) (or may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl (eg tert-butyl)).

[0160] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 2 1 To R13 The three, four, five or six of the 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl (e.g. tert-butyl) (or may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl (eg tert-butyl)).

[0161] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 2 1 To R 5 At least one and / or R 6 To R 10 At least one of the following may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl groups (eg tert-butyl).

[0162] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 2 1 To R 5 Two or more and / or R 6 To R 10 Two or more of may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl groups (eg tert-butyl).

[0163] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 2 11 To R 13 can each independently be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0164] In one or more embodiments, the group represented by Formula 2 may be one of the groups represented by Formulas 2-1 to 2-30:

[0165]

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] Among them, in formulas 2-1 to 2-30, R 1 To R 10 Each of them may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3-C 20 A branched alkyl group (eg, tert-butyl group), and * represents a binding site to the condensed ring included in the emitter.

[0169] In an embodiment, the emitter may be a condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1:

[0170] Formula 1

[0171]

[0172] Wherein, in Formula 1, Ar 0 It may be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0173] Formula 2

[0174]

[0175] The details of Formula 2 may be the same as described herein,

[0176] Among them, in formula 1,

[0177] Ring Y 1 To Ring Y 3 Can be independently C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic group or C 3 -C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0178] W 1 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 1 )、N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ),

[0179] W 2 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 2 )、N(T 21 )、C(T 22 )(T 23 ), or Si(T 22 )(T 23 ),

[0180] n1 and n2 can be 0 or 1 independently.

[0181] When n1 is 0, *-(W 1 ) n1 -*' may not exist,

[0182] When n2 is 0, *-(W 2 ) n2-*' may not exist,

[0183] The sum of n1 and n2 can be 1 or greater.

[0184] Ar 1 and Ar 2 may each be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0185] Z 1 To Z 3 , T 11 To T 13 , and T 21 To T 23 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-Ge(Q 3 )(Q 4)(Q 5 )、-B(Q 6 )(Q 7 )、-P(=O)(Q 8 )(Q 9 )、-P(Q 8 )(Q 9 ), or a group represented by formula 2,

[0186] b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10,

[0187] Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , T 21 , T 22 and T 23 Two or more of may be optionally linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0188] Substituted C 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C60 At least one (eg, all) substituents of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group may each independently be:

[0189] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio;

[0190] Each of C is substituted by 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof;

[0191] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof;

[0192] -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37 )、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 );or

[0193] any combination thereof, and

[0194] Q 1 To Q 9 , Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39may be independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; or unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, or any combination thereof.

[0195] In an embodiment, ring Y in Formula 1 1 To Ring Y 3 Each may independently be a benzene group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, a fluorene group, a dibenzosilole group, an azadibenzofuran group, an azadibenzothiophene group, an azacarbazole group, an azafluorene group, or an azadibenzosilole group.

[0196] In an embodiment, ring Y 1 To Ring Y 3 Each of them may independently be a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, a fluorene group, or a dibenzosilole group.

[0197] In an embodiment, in Formula 1,

[0198] i) n1 can be 1, and n2 can be 0,

[0199] ii) n1 may be 0, and n2 may be 1, or

[0200] iii) n1 and n2 may each be 1.

[0201] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, n1 may be 1, and W 1 Can be N(Ar 1 ) or N(T 11 ).

[0202] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n2 may be 1, and W 2 Can be N(Ar 2 ) or N(T 21 ).

[0203] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n1 may be 1, W 1 Can be N(Ar 1 ), and Ar 0 and Ar 1 Can be the same as each other.

[0204] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n1 may be 1, W 1 Can be N(Ar 1 ), and Ar 0 and Ar 1 Can be different from each other.

[0205] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n2 may be 1, W 2 Can be N(Ar 2 ), and Ar 0 and Ar 2 Can be the same as each other.

[0206] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, n2 may be 1, W 2 Can be N(Ar 2 ), and Ar 0 and Ar 2 Can be different from each other.

[0207] In an embodiment, Z in Formula 1 1 To Z 3 , T 11 To T 13 , and T 21 To T 23 Can be independently:

[0208] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0209] C each unsubstituted or substituted 1 -C 20 Alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C3 -C 20 Branched alkyl, C 1 -C 10 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 10 Branched alkyl, or C 1 -C 5 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 5 branched alkyl), phenyl, biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, or dibenzothioyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothioyl, or any combination thereof; or

[0210] -N(Q 1 )(Q 2 ),as well as

[0211] Q 1 and Q 2 may be each independently unsubstituted or substituted by C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, or dibenzothioyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzosilyl, or any combination thereof.

[0212] In Formula 1, b1 to b3 represent Z 1 To Z 3 , and b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10. When b1 is 2 or greater, two or more Z 1 may be the same as or different from each other. When b2 is 2 or greater, two or more Z 2 may be the same as or different from each other, and when b3 is 2 or greater, two or more Z 3 For example, b1 to b3 may each independently be 0, 1 or 2.

[0213] In an embodiment, Formula 1 may satisfy at least one of Conditions 1 and 2:

[0214] Condition 1

[0215] b1 is 1 or greater, and the number of Z is b1 1 At least one of which includes a carbazole group

[0216] Condition 2

[0217] b2 is 1 or greater, and the number of Z is b2 2 At least one of the compounds includes a carbazole group.

[0218] In an embodiment, Formula 1 may satisfy both Conditions 1 and 2.

[0219] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, b1 and b2 may each be 1 or greater, and Z 1 and Z 2 At least one of may be a group represented by Formula 3(1):

[0220] Formula 3 (1)

[0221]

[0222] Among them, in formula 3 (1),

[0223] Z 11 To Z 18 Can be independently:

[0224] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0225] C each unsubstituted or substituted 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or

[0226] phenyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof, and

[0227] * indicates the binding site with Formula 1.

[0228] In an embodiment, Z in Formula 3(1) 11 To Z 18 can each independently be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0229] In one or more embodiments, Z in Formula 3(1) 13 and Z 16 At least one (e.g., Z 13 and Z 16 ) can be:

[0230] C each unsubstituted or substituted by deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof 1 -C 20 Alkyl (e.g., unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl (e.g. tert-butyl); or

[0231] phenyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0232] In one or more embodiments, Z in Formula 3(1) 11 To Z 18 At least one of may be independently: deuterium; or a first group substituted with at least one deuterium, and the first group may be:

[0233] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or

[0234] Phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0235] As used herein, the term "a first group substituted with at least one deuterium" refers to a substituent first group in which at least one hydrogen is replaced with a deuterium. For example, a "first group substituted with at least one deuterium" may be -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 、-CD 2 F, -C(CD 3 ) 3 , -C 6 D 5 , -C 6 D 2 H 3 , -C 6 D 4 (CH 3 ),-C 6 H 4 (CD 3 ),-C 6 D 4 (CD 3 ),-C 6 F 4 (CD 3 ),-C 6 D 4 (C 6 H 5 )wait.

[0236] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, b1 and b2 may each be 1, and Z 1 and Z 2 Each may be an N-carbazolyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0237] The term "N-carbazolyl" as used herein refers to a monovalent group formed by removing hydrogen from N in a carbazole group and bonding to another group via the N, and is represented by (where * indicates the binding site with the adjacent atom).

[0238] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, b3 may be 1 or greater, and the number of Z of b3 is 3 At least one of may be unsubstituted or substituted with C 1 -C 60 Alkyl (e.g., C 1 -C 20 Alkyl): deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof.

[0239] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1, b3 may be 1 or greater (eg, 1), and the number of Z of b3 is 3 At least one of the following may be unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl groups (eg tert-butyl).

[0240] In formula 1, Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , T 21 , T 22 and T 23 Two or more of may be optionally linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic group.

[0241] In an embodiment, in Formula 1, Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , T 21 , T 22 and T 23 Two or more of may be linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-C 30 As a result, the condensed ring compound can be represented by, for example, Formula 1-1, 1-2 or 1-3:

[0242]

[0243]

[0244] Among them, in formulas 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3,

[0245] Ar 0 , Ring Y 1 , Ring Y 3 , W 1 , W 2 、n1、n2、Z 1 , Z 3 , b1 and b3 may each be the same as described herein,

[0246] Ring Y 21 and Ring Y 22 Can be independently C 5 -C 60 Carbocyclic group or C 3 -C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0247] W 3 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 3 )、N(T 31 )、C(T 32 )(T 33 ), or Si(T 32 )(T 33 ),

[0248] W 4 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 4 )、N(T 41 )、C(T 42 )(T 43 ), or Si(T 42 )(T 43 ),

[0249] W 5 Can be single bond, O, S, N(Ar 5 )、N(T 51 )、C(T 52 )(T 53 ), or Si(T 52 )(T 53 ),

[0250] n3 to n5 can each independently be 0 or 1,

[0251] When n3 is 0, *-(W 3 ) n3 -*' may not exist,

[0252] When n4 is 0, *-(W 4 ) n4 -*' may not exist,

[0253] When n5 is 0, *-(W 5 ) n5 -*' may not exist,

[0254] The sum of n1 and n2 in formulas 1-1 and 1-2 may be 1 or greater.

[0255] The sum of n3, n4 and n5 in formula 1-1 may be 1 or greater,

[0256] The sum of n3 and n4 in formulas 1-2 and 1-3 may be 1 or greater.

[0257] Ar 3 To Ar 5 may each be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0258] Z 20 To Z 22 can be respectively compared with the Z 2 Same as described, and

[0259] b21 and b22 may each independently be an integer of 0 to 5.

[0260] Ring Y 21 and Ring Y 22 can be respectively related to the ring Y in this article 1 Same as described.

[0261] In an embodiment, the emitter may include at least one deuterium, at least one C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl (e.g. C 3 -C 10 branched alkyl, such as tert-butyl), or any combination thereof.

[0262] In one or more embodiments, the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1 may have a symmetrical structure.

[0263] In one or more embodiments, the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1 may have an asymmetric structure.

[0264] In one or more embodiments, the emitter may be a compound represented by Formula 1A:

[0265] Formula 1A

[0266]

[0267] Wherein, in Formula 1A,

[0268] W 1 Can be O, S, N (Ar 1 )、N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ),

[0269] Ar 0 ,Ar 1 , Z 3 , and T 11 To T 13 may each be the same as described herein,

[0270] Z 11 and Z 12 can be respectively compared with the Z 1 Same as described, and

[0271] Z 21 and Z 22 can be respectively compared with the Z 2 Same as described.

[0272] In an embodiment, Formula 1A may satisfy at least one of Conditions 3 to 5:

[0273] Condition 3

[0274] Z 11 and Z 12 At least one of which is unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof,

[0275] Condition 4

[0276] Z 21 and Z 22 At least one of which is unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof,

[0277] Condition 5

[0278] Z 3 is unsubstituted or substituted by deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof 1 -C 20 Alkyl (e.g., unsubstituted or deuterated C 1 -C20 Straight chain alkyl or C 3 -C 20 branched alkyl (eg tert-butyl)).

[0279] In an embodiment, in Formula 1A, Z 11 and Z 21 Each may be an N-carbazolyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof, and Z 12 and Z 22 Each may be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0280] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1A, Z 12 and Z 22 Each may be an N-carbazolyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof, and Z 11 and Z 21 Each may be hydrogen or deuterium.

[0281] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 1A, Z 3 C may be unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof 1 -C 20 Alkyl (e.g. C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl, or C 3 -C 10 branched alkyl) (e.g., unsubstituted or deuterium-substituted tert-butyl).

[0282] In one or more embodiments, the emitter (or the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1) may include unsubstituted or deuterium-substituted C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl groups (e.g., C 3 -C 10 branched alkyl, such as tert-butyl). For example, each of the C 3 -C 20 Branched alkyl groups (e.g., C 3 -C 10 The number of branched alkyl groups, such as tert-butyl groups, can range from about 1 to about 15, such as about 2 to about 15, about 2 to about 10, about 2 to about 9, or about 2 to about 5.

[0283] In one or more embodiments, the emitter (or the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1) may be a multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescent material.

[0284] In one or more embodiments, the emitter (or the condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1) may be one of compounds 1 to 90 and compounds obtained by replacing at least one hydrogen of compounds 1 to 90 with deuterium (eg, compounds 91, 92, 93, etc.):

[0285]

[0286]

[0287]

[0288]

[0289]

[0290]

[0291]

[0292]

[0293] The synthesis method of the emitter may be recognized by a person skilled in the art by referring to the synthesis examples provided below.

[0294] The amount of the emitter in the emission layer may be in a range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 40 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 10 parts by weight, about 0.1 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, about 0.5 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight, or about 0.6 parts by weight to about 2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the emission layer.

[0295] The term "emitter" as used herein refers to a material that can receive excitons from a host, a sensitizer, and / or an auxiliary dopant and emit light by transition of the excitons to a ground state.

[0296] Sensitizer

[0297] The sensitizer can transfer excitation energy (or excitons) from the host to the emitter and can relatively reduce "Dexter energy transfer from the host to the emitter" that inhibits high fluorescence, thereby improving the luminous efficiency and / or lifetime characteristics of the light-emitting device.

[0298] The sensitizer may be an organic metal compound, a delayed fluorescent material, an instantaneous fluorescent material, or any combination thereof.

[0299] The organometallic compound may include a transition metal and n number of ligands bonded to the transition metal, and n may be an integer of 1 to 4.

[0300] In an embodiment, in the organometallic compound, the transition metal may be platinum (Pt) or palladium (Pd), n may be 1, and the ligand may be a tetradentate ligand. The tetradentate ligand may include, for example, a carbene moiety bonded to the transition metal.

[0301] In one or more embodiments, the organometallic compound may include a transition metal and a tetradentate ligand bonded to the transition metal, the transition metal may be platinum or palladium, and the tetradentate ligand may include a carbene moiety bonded to the transition metal.

[0302] In one or more embodiments, in the organometallic compound, the transition metal may be iridium (Ir) or osmium (Os), n may be 3, and at least one of the ligands of number n may be a bidentate ligand including -F, a cyano group, or a combination thereof, or a bidentate ligand including a carbene moiety bonded to the transition metal. For example, the bidentate ligand may include an imidazole group or a triazole group.

[0303] In one or more embodiments, the organometallic compound may be an organometallic compound represented by Formula 3 as described herein and / or an organometallic compound represented by Formula 5. Details regarding Formulas 3 and 5 may be the same as described below.

[0304] The delayed fluorescent material may be, for example, a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material. In one or more embodiments, the delayed fluorescent material may be a multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescent material different from the delayed fluorescent emitters described herein.

[0305] The multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescent material may be a polycyclic compound which i) does not include a transition metal, and ii) includes two or more C 3 -C 60 The core of the cyclic groups is fused to each other. In this regard, the two C 3 -C 60 The cyclic groups may be fused to each other while sharing boron (B) and / or nitrogen (N).

[0306] The instantaneous fluorescent material may be a compound containing an amino group, a compound containing a styrene group, etc. For example, the instantaneous fluorescent material may include a naphthyl group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, A group, a naphthacene group (buthenyl group), a phenanthracene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a group represented by one of Formulae 501-1 to 501-21, or any combination thereof:

[0307]

[0308] In an embodiment, the sensitizer may be an organometallic compound.

[0309] The amount (weight) of the sensitizer may be in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 30 parts by weight, about 0.01 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight, about 1 part by weight to about 18 parts by weight, or about 5 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the emission layer.

[0310] main body

[0311] The host in the emission layer in an amount m1 may include a hole transport compound, an electron transport compound, a bipolar compound, or any combination thereof. The first host and the second host may each not include a transition metal.

[0312] In an embodiment, m1 in the emission layer may be 2, two hosts in the emission layer may each include a hole transport compound and an electron transport compound, and the hole transport compound and the electron transport compound may be different from each other.

[0313] In an embodiment, the hole transport compound may include at least one π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The cyclic group may not include an electron transporting group. Examples of the electron transporting group may include a cyano group, a fluorine group, a cyclic group containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen, a phosphine oxide group, a sulfoxide group, and the like.

[0314] The "cyclic group containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen" described herein may be a C-N-containing ring having at least one *-N=*' moiety as a ring-forming part. 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic group. Examples of the cyclic group containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen include a triazine group, an imidazole group, and the like.

[0315] The π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The "cyclic group" may be a C- 3 -C 60 The π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60Examples of the cyclic group include a benzene group, a naphthyl group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an indoledibenzofuran group, an indoledibenzothiophene group, an indolecarbazole group, a naphthobenzofuran group, a naphthobenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, a phenanthrobenzofuran group, a phenanthrobenzothiophene group, a naphthocarbazole group, a dinaphthofuran group, a dinaphthothiophene group, a dibenzocarbazole group, and the like.

[0316] In an embodiment, the hole transport compound may include two or more carbazole groups.

[0317] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport compound may include at least one silicon (e.g., a triphenylsilyl group). For example, the hole transport compound may include at least one carbazole group and at least one silicon (e.g., a triphenylsilyl group). For example, the silicon may be connected to the nitrogen of the carbazole group through an o-phenylene or m-phenylene group.

[0318] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport compound may be a compound including at least one electron transport group. The electron transport group may be a cyano group, a fluorine group, a C 1 -C 60 A cyclic group, a phosphine oxide group, a sulfoxide group, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the electron transport compound may include a triazine group.

[0319] In an embodiment, the electron transport compound may include at least one electron transport group (eg, a triazine group) and at least one π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 A cyclic group (for example, a benzene group, a naphthyl group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an indoledibenzofuran group, an indoledibenzothiophene group, an indolecarbazole group, a naphthobenzofuran group, a naphthobenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, a phenanthrobenzofuran group, a phenanthrobenzothiophene group, a naphthocarbazole group, a dinaphthofuran group, a dinaphthothiophene group, a dibenzocarbazole group, or any combination thereof).

[0320] In an embodiment, the electron transport compound may include at least one silicon (e.g., a triphenylsilyl group). For example, the electron transport compound may include a triazine group, at least one carbazole group, and at least one silicon (e.g., a triphenylsilyl group). For example, the silicon may be connected to the carbon of the triazine group through an o-phenylene or m-phenylene group. In an embodiment, the nitrogen of the carbazole group may be directly bonded to the carbon of the triazine group, or may be connected to the carbon of the triazine group through an o-phenylene or m-phenylene group.

[0321] In an embodiment, the hole transport compound may be a compound represented by Formula 6:

[0322] Formula 6

[0323]

[0324] Among them, in formula 6,

[0325] L 61 and L 62 may be each independently unsubstituted or substituted with a π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 Cyclic groups (such as C 6 -C 12 Arylene or C 6 -C 10 Arylene): deuterium, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof,

[0326] e61 and e62 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 6,

[0327] R 61 To R 64 Can be independently:

[0328] Hydrogen, deuterium, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, or deuterated C 1 -C 20 alkyl;

[0329] Unsubstituted or substituted π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 Cyclic groups (such as C 6 -C 12 Aryl or C 6 -C 10 Aryl): deuterium, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, (C 1 -C 20alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof; or

[0330] -Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 ),as well as

[0331] a63 and a64 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 7.

[0332] Q 3 To Q 5 and Q 33 To Q 35 Each may be the same as described herein. For example, Q 3 To Q 5 and Q 33 To Q 35 Each may be a phenyl group.

[0333] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport compound may be a compound represented by Formula 6-1, 6-2, or 6-3:

[0334] Formula 6-1

[0335]

[0336] Formula 6-2

[0337]

[0338] Formula 6-3

[0339]

[0340] Among them, in formulas 6-1 to 6-3, L 61 , L 62 , R 61 To R 64 , e61, e62, a63 and a64 may each be the same as described herein.

[0341] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport compound may be one of compounds HTH1 to HTH7:

[0342]

[0343] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport compound may be a compound represented by Formula 7:

[0344] Formula 7

[0345]

[0346] Among them, in formula 7,

[0347] X 74 Can be C(R 74 ) or N, X 75 Can be C(R 75 ) or N, X 76 Can be C(R 76 ) or N, and X 74 To X 76 At least one (eg, all) of may be N,

[0348] L 71 To L 73 may be each independently unsubstituted or substituted by C 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof,

[0349] e71 to e73 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 10, and

[0350] R 71 To R 76 Can be independently:

[0351] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0352] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof;

[0353] C each unsubstituted or substituted 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 30Heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof; or

[0354] -Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 ).

[0355] Q 3 To Q 5 and Q 33 To Q 35 Each may be the same as described herein. For example, Q 3 To Q 5 and Q 33 To Q 35 Each may be a phenyl group.

[0356] In one or more embodiments, X in Formula 7 74 To X 76 Each can be N.

[0357] In one or more embodiments, L in Formula 7 71 To L 73 and phenyl, naphthalene, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, indoledibenzofuran, indoledibenzothiophene, indolecarbazole, naphthobenzofuran, naphthobenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, phenanthrobenzofuran, phenanthrobenzothiophene, naphthocarbazole, dinaphthofuran, dinaphthothiophene, or dibenzocarbazole, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof.

[0358] In one or more embodiments, the number of L in Formula 7 is e71 71 At least one L with a quantity of e72 72 At least one L with a quantity of e73 73 At least one of the above, or any combination thereof, may be each independently a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an indole dibenzofuran group, an indole dibenzothiophene group, an indole carbazole group, a naphthobenzofuran group, a naphthobenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, a phenanthrobenzofuran group, a phenanthrobenzothiophene group, a naphthocarbazole group, a dinaphthofuran group, a dinaphthothiophene group, or a dibenzocarbazole group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof.

[0359] In one or more embodiments, the number of L in Formula 7 is e71 71 At least one L with a quantity of e72 72 At least one L with a quantity of e73 73 At least one of, or any combination thereof, may include a carbazole group, an indolecarbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, a naphthocarbazole group, or a dibenzocarbazole group, wherein the nitrogen atom of the pyrrole group in the carbazole group, the indolecarbazole group, the benzocarbazole group, the naphthocarbazole group, or the dibenzocarbazole group may be connected to the group including X in Formula 7 as follows 74 To X 76 Carbon atoms of the 6-membered ring: single bonds or adjacent L 71 , L 72 and / or L 73 .

[0360] In one or more embodiments, e71 to e73 in Formula 7 represent L 71 To L 73 , and may each independently be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0361] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 7 71 To R 76 Can be independently:

[0362] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0363] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof;

[0364] a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an indoledibenzofuran group, an indoledibenzothiophene group, an indolecarbazole group, a naphthobenzofuran group, a naphthobenzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, a phenanthrobenzofuran group, a phenanthrobenzothiophene group, a naphthocarbazole group, a dinaphthofuran group, a dinaphthothiophene group, or a dibenzocarbazole group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)biphenyl, -Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 ), or any combination thereof; or

[0365] -Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 ).

[0366] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport compound may be one of compounds ETH1 to ETH8:

[0367]

[0368] Description of Formula 3

[0369] The organometallic compound may be an organometallic compound represented by Formula 3:

[0370] Formula 3

[0371]

[0372] Among them, in formula 3,

[0373] M 31 It can be a transition metal,

[0374] X 11 To X 14 can be independently C or N,

[0375] In X 11 and M 31 The key between X 12 and M 31 The key between X 13 and M 31 The keys between 14 and M 31 Two of the bonds between may be coordinate bonds, and the other two bonds may be covalent bonds,

[0376] Cyclo 31 To Ring CY 34 Can be independently C 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic group or C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0377] T 31 Can be single bond, double bond, *-N(R 35a )-*'、*-B(R 35a )-*'、*-P(R 35a )-*'、*-C(R 35a )(R 35b )-*'、*-Si(R 35a )(R 35b )-*'、*-Ge(R 35a )(R 35b )-*', *-S-*', *-Se-*', *-O-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-S(=O)-*', *-S(=O) 2 -*'、*-C(R 35a )=*'、*=C(R 35a )-*'、*-C(R 35a )=C(R 35b )-*', *-C(=S)-*', *-C≡C-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10aSubstituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group, either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0378] T 32 Can be single bond, double bond, *-N(R 36a )-*'、*-B(R 36a )-*'、*-P(R 36a )-*'、*-C(R 36a )(R 36b )-*'、*-Si(R 36a )(R 36b )-*'、*-Ge(R 36a )(R 36b )-*', *-S-*', *-Se-*', *-O-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-S(=O)-*', *-S(=O) 2 -*'、*-C(R 36a )=*'、*=C(R 36a )-*'、*-C(R 36a )=C(R 36b )-*', *-C(=S)-*', *-C≡C-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group, either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0379] T 33 Can be single bond, double bond, *-N(R 37a )-*'、*-B(R 37a )-*'、*-P(R 37a )-*'、*-C(R 37a )(R 37b )-*'、*-Si(R 37a )(R 37b )-*'、*-Ge(R 37a )(R 37b )-*', *-S-*', *-Se-*', *-O-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-S(=O)-*', *-S(=O) 2 -*'、*-C(R 37a )=*'、*=C(R 37a )-*'、*-C(R 37a)=C(R 37b )-*', *-C(=S)-*', *-C≡C-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group, either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0380] T 34 Can be single bond, double bond, *-N(R 38a )-*'、*-B(R 38a )-*'、*-P(R 38a )-*'、*-C(R 38a )(R 38b )-*'、*-Si(R 38a )(R 38b )-*'、*-Ge(R 38a )(R 38b )-*', *-S-*', *-Se-*', *-O-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-S(=O)-*', *-S(=O) 2 -*'、*-C(R 38a )=*'、*=C(R 38a )-*'、*-C(R 38a )=C(R 38b )-*', *-C(=S)-*', *-C≡C-*', unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 A carbocyclic group, either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0381] n31 to n34 may each independently be an integer of 0 to 5, and three or more of n31 to n34 may each independently be an integer of 1 to 5,

[0382] When n31 is 0, T 31 does not exist. When n32 is 0, T 32 does not exist. When n33 is 0, T 33 does not exist, and when n34 is 0, T 34 does not exist,

[0383] When n31 is 2 or more, two or more T 31 may be the same as or different from each other. When n32 is 2 or greater, two or more T32 may be the same as or different from each other. When n33 is 2 or greater, two or more T 33 may be the same as or different from each other, and when n34 is or greater, two or more T 34 may be the same or different from each other,

[0384] R 31 To R 34 , R 35a , R 35b , R 36a , R 36b , R 37a , R 37b , R 38a , and R 38b can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 、-SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted C2 -C 60 heteroarylalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-Ge(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-B(Q 6 )(Q 7 )、-P(=O)(Q 8 )(Q 9 ), or -P(Q 8 )(Q 9 ),

[0385] a31 to a34 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 20,

[0386] R with quantity a31 31 Two or more of may be optionally bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0387] The number of R is a32 32 Two or more of may be optionally bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0388] R with quantity a33 33 Two or more of may be optionally bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0389] R with quantity a34 34Two or more of may be optionally bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0390] R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35a , R 35b , R 36a , R 36b , R 37a , R 37b , R 38a and R 38b Two or more of may be optionally bonded to each other to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0391] R 10a Can be related to R 31 Same as described,

[0392] * and *' each represent a binding site with an adjacent atom,

[0393] Substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, substituted C 6 -C60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, substituted C 2 -C 60 The at least one substituent of the heteroarylalkyl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group may each independently be:

[0394] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy;

[0395] Each of C is substituted by 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl or C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof;

[0396] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof;

[0397] -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37 )、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 );or

[0398] any combination thereof, and

[0399] Q 1 To Q 9 , Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q39 can be independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; amidino; hydrazine; hydrazone; carboxylic acid group or its salt; sulfonic acid group or its salt; phosphoric acid group or its salt; unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl; C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl; C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy; C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl; C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl; C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl; C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl; unsubstituted or substituted with deuterium, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl; C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy; C 6 -C 60 Arylthio; C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl; a monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group; or a monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0400] In an embodiment, M in Formula 3 31 It can be Pt, Pd or Au.

[0401] In an embodiment, M in Formula 3 31 It can be Pt or Pd.

[0402] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 3, in X 11 and M 31 The bond between them can be a coordination bond.

[0403] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 3, X 11 Can be C, and in X 11 and M 31 The bond between may be a coordination bond. That is, X in Formula 3 11 It may be C in the carbene part.

[0404] In one or more embodiments, the ring CY in Formula 3 31 To CY 34 may each independently be i) a first ring, ii) a second ring, iii) a fused ring in which two or more first rings are fused to each other, iv) a fused ring in which two or more second rings are fused to each other, or v) a fused ring in which at least one first ring is fused to at least one second ring,

[0405] The first ring may be a cyclopentane group, a cyclopentadiene group, a furan group, a thiophene group, a pyrrole group, a thiol group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, an isoxadiazole group, an oxatriazole group, an isoxatriazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an isothiadiazole group, a thiatriazole group, an isothitriazole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an azathiol group, a diazathiol group, or a triazathiol group, and

[0406] The second ring may be an adamantane group, a norbornane group, a norbornene group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, a phenyl group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, an oxazine group, a thiazine group, a dihydropyrazine group, a dihydropyridine group, or a dihydronitrogen silane group.

[0407] In an embodiment, R 31 To R 34 , R 35a , R 35b , R 36a , R 36b , R 37a , R 37b , R 38a , and R 38b Can be independently:

[0408] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , cyano (CN), nitro, amino, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl or C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy;

[0409] Each of the following C 1 -C 20 Alkyl or C 1 -C 20Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , cyano (CN), nitro, amino, and phenyl; or

[0410] cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, or anthracenyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , cyano (CN), nitro, amino, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, and anthracenyl.

[0411] In an embodiment, the organometallic compound represented by Formula 3 may be an organometallic compound represented by Formula 3-1 or an organometallic compound represented by Formula 3-2:

[0412] Formula 3-1

[0413]

[0414] Formula 3-2

[0415]

[0416] In Formula 3-1, between the carbon of the imidazole group and M 31 The bond between M and M may be a coordination bond. That is, the imidazole group in Formula 3-1 may include a bond to M 31 The carbine part.

[0417] In Formula 3-2, between the carbon and M of the benzimidazole group 31 The bond between M and M may be a coordination bond. That is, the benzimidazole group in Formula 3-2 may include a bond to M 31 The carbine part.

[0418] Thus, the imidazole group bonded to M 31Formula 3-1' wherein the carbon of the benzimidazole group is a carbene is the same as Formula 3-1, and wherein the bond to M in the benzimidazole group is 31 Formula 3-2', in which the carbon of the carbon is carbene, is the same as Formula 3-2.

[0419] Formula 3-1'

[0420]

[0421] Formula 3-2'

[0422]

[0423] In formulas 3-1 and 3-2,

[0424] M 31 CY 32 CY 33 CY 34 , X 12 , X 13 , X 14 , T 31 , T 32 , T 33 、n31、n32、n33、R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , a32, a33, and a34 may each be the same as described herein, and

[0425] R 311 To R 317 Each of them can be compared with the R 31 Same as described.

[0426] In an embodiment, in Formulas 3-1 and 3-2,

[0427] R 311 To R 317 Can be independently:

[0428] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 、-SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, or phosphoric acid group or its salt;

[0429] C each unsubstituted or substituted 1 -C 20 Alkyl or C 1 -C20 Alkoxy: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 、-SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, or any combination thereof;

[0430] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, C 2 -C 60 Heteroarylalkyl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 、-SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, or any combination thereof; or

[0431] -N(Q 1 )(Q 2 )、-Si(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-Ge(Q 3 )(Q 4 )(Q 5 )、-B(Q 6 )(Q 7 )、-P(=O)(Q 8 )(Q 9 ) or -P(Q 8 )(Q9 ).

[0432] In an embodiment, R in Formula 3-1 and 3-2 311 To R 317 At least one of may include C each being unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, or C 7 -C 60 Arylalkyl: deuterium, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, phenyl, cumyl (isopropylphenyl), or a combination thereof.

[0433] According to an embodiment, the organic metal compound represented by Formula 3 may be an organic metal compound represented by Formula 3-1(1) or an organic metal compound represented by Formula 3-2(1):

[0434] Formula 3-1(1)

[0435]

[0436] Formula 3-2(1)

[0437]

[0438] In equations 3-1(1) and 3-2(1),

[0439] M 31 , X 12 , X 13 , X 14 and T 31 each being the same as described herein,

[0440] R 311 To R 317 Can be respectively related to R 31 Same as described,

[0441] R 321 To R 323 Can be respectively related to R 32 Same as described, and R 321 To R 323 Two or more of may be optionally bonded together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0442] R 331 To R 336 Can be respectively related to R 33 Same as described, and R 331 To R 336 Two or more of may be optionally bonded together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0443] R 341 To R 344 Can be respectively related to R 34 Same as described, and R 341 To R 344 Two or more of may be optionally bonded together to form an unsubstituted or substituted group. 10a Substituted C 5 -C 30 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a Substituted C 1 -C 30 Heterocyclic group. 10a As described herein.

[0444] Description of Formula 5

[0445] The organometallic compound may be an organometallic compound represented by Formula 5:

[0446] Formula 5

[0447] M 51 (L 51 ) n51 (L 52 ) n52

[0448] Among them, in formula 5, M 51 It may be a transition metal.

[0449] In an embodiment, M 51 It can be a first-row transition metal, a second-row transition metal, or a third-row transition metal of the periodic table.

[0450] In one or more embodiments, M 51 It may be iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm) or rhodium (Rh).

[0451] In one or more embodiments, M 51 It can be Ir, Pt, Os or Rh.

[0452] In one or more embodiments, M 51 It can be Ir or Os.

[0453] In formula 5, L 51 may be a ligand represented by Formula 5A, and L 52 It may be a ligand represented by Formula 5B:

[0454]

[0455] The details regarding Formulae 5A and 5B may be the same as described herein.

[0456] In Formula 5, n51 may be 1, 2 or 3, and when n51 is 2 or more, two or more L 51 Can be the same as or different from each other.

[0457] In Formula 5, n52 can be 0, 1 or 2, and when n52 is 2, the two L 52 Can be the same as or different from each other.

[0458] The sum of n51 and n52 in Formula 5 may be 2 or 3. For example, the sum of n51 and n52 may be 3.

[0459] In an embodiment, in Formula 5, i) M may be Ir, and the sum of n51 and n52 may be 3; or ii) M may be Pt, and the sum of n51 and n52 may be 2.

[0460] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 5, M may be Ir, and i) n51 may be 1 and n52 may be 2, or ii) n51 may be 2 and n52 may be 1.

[0461] L in Formula 5 51 and L 52 Can be different from each other.

[0462] Y in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To Y 54 can be independently C or N. For example, Y 51 and Y 53 Can be N, and Y 52 and Y 54 Can each be C.

[0463] Ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To Ring CY 54 Can be independently C 5 -C 30 Carbocyclic group or C1 -C 30 Heterocyclic group.

[0464] For example, ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To Ring CY 54 may each independently include i) a third ring, ii) a fourth ring, iii) a condensed ring in which two or more third rings are condensed to each other, iv) a condensed ring in which two or more fourth rings are condensed to each other, or v) a condensed ring in which at least one third ring is condensed to at least one fourth ring,

[0465] The third ring may be a cyclopentane group, a cyclopentene group, a furan group, a thiophene group, a pyrrole group, a silole group, a borocyclopentadiene group, a phosphole group, a germanocyclopentadiene group, a selenophene group, an oxazole group, an oxadiazole group, an oxatriazole group, a thiazole group, a thiadiazole group, a thiatriazole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, or an azathiole group, and

[0466] The fourth ring may be an adamantane group, a norbornane group, a norbornene group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, a phenyl group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, or a triazine group.

[0467] In one or more embodiments, ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To Ring CY 54 can be independently a cyclopentane group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, a phenyl group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a phenanthrene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, group, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group, cyclopentadiene group, pyrrole group, furan group, thiophene group, thiorrole group, boroheterocyclopentadiene group, phosphocyclopentadiene group, germanoheterocyclopentadiene group, selenophene group, indene group, indole group, benzofuran group, benzothiophene group, benzothiorrole group, benzoborole group, benzophosphocyclopentadiene group, benzogermanocyclopentadiene group, benzoselenophene group, fluorene group, carbazole group, dibenzofuran group, dibenzothiophene group, dibenzothiorrole group, dibenzoborole group, dibenzophosphocyclopentadiene group, dibenzogermanocyclopentadiene group, dibenzoselenophene group, benzofluorene group, benzocarbazole group, naphthobenzofuran group, naphthobenzothiophene group, naphthobenzo benzothiorrole group, naphthobenzoborole group, naphthobenzophosphole group, naphthobenzogermanol group, naphthobenzoselenophene group, dibenzofluorene group, dibenzocarbazole group, dinaphthofuran group, dinaphthothiophene group, dinaphthothiorrole group, dinaphthoborole group, dinaphthophosphole group, dinaphthogermanol group, dinaphthoselenophene group, indenophenanthrene group, indolephenanthrene group, phenanthrenyl group, phenanthrenylbenzofuran group, phenanthrenylbenzothiophene group, phenanthrenylbenzothiorrole group, phenanthrenylbenzoborole group, phenanthrenylbenzophosphole group, phenanthrenylbenzogermanol group, phenanthrenylbenzoselenophene group, dibenzothiophene 5-oxide group, 9H-fluoren-9-one group, dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide group, azaindene group, azaindole group, azabenzofuran group, azabenzothiophene group, azabenzosilole group, azabenzoborole group, azabenzophosphole group, azabenzogermanole group, azabenzoselenophene group, azafluorene group, azacarbazole group, azadibenzofuran group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzosilole group, azadibenzoborole group, azadibenzophosphole group, azabenzogermanole group, azabenzoselenophene group, azabenzofluorene group, azabenzocarbazole group, azadibenzofuran group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzosilole group, azadibenzoborole group, azadibenzophosphole group, azabenzogermanole group, azabenzoselenophene group, azabenzofluorene group, azabenzocarbazole group, azanaphthobenzofuran group, azanaphthobenzothiophene group, azanaphthobenzosilole group, azanaphthobenzo A benzoborole group, an azanaphthobenzophosphoside group, an azanaphthobenzogermane group, an azanaphthobenzoselenophene group, an azadibenzofluorene group, an azadibenzocarbazole group, an azadinaphthofuran group, an azadinaphthothiophene group, an azadinaphthothiorrole group, an azadinaphthoborole group, an azadinaphthophosphoside group, an azadinaphthogermane group, an azadinaphthothiorrole group, an azadinaphthoborole group, an azadinaphthophosphoside group, an azadinaphthogermane group, an azadinaphthothiorrole group, an azadinaphenanthrophenanthene group, an azaindolophenanthene group, an azaphenanthrobenzofuran group, an azaphenanthrobenzothiophene group, an azaphenanthrobenzothiorrole group, an azaphenanthrobenzoborole group, an azaphenanthrobenzophosphoside group, an azaphenanthrobenzogermane group oxadiazole group, thiazole group, isoxazole group, isoxazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, oxadiazole group, thiazolyl ... group, a benzopyrrole group, a benzopyrazole group, a benzimidazole group, a benzoxazole group, a benzisoxazole group, a benzothiazole group, a benzisothiazole group, a benzoxadiazole group, a benzothiadiazole group, a pyridopyrrole group, a pyridopyrazole group, a pyridoimidazole group, a pyridooxazole group, a pyridoisoxazole group, a pyridothiazole group, a pyridoisothiazole group, a pyridooxadiazole group, a pyridothiadiazole group, a pyrimidopyrrole group, a pyrimidopyrazole group, a pyrimidoimidazole group, a pyrimidooxazole group, a pyrimidoisoxazole group, a pyrimidothiazole group, a pyrimidoisothiazole group, a pyrimidooxadiazole group, a pyrimidothiadiazole group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline ...8-tetrahydroquinoline group, adamantane group, norbornane group, norbornene group, phenyl group condensed with cyclohexane group, phenyl group condensed with norbornane group, pyridine group condensed with cyclohexane group, or pyridine group condensed with norbornane group.

[0468] In an embodiment, ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 51 and CY 53 Can be different from each other.

[0469] In one or more embodiments, ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 52 and CY 54 Can be different from each other.

[0470] In one or more embodiments, ring CY in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To Ring CY 54 Can be different from each other.

[0471] R in Formula 5A and 5B 51 To R 54 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SF 5 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 51 )(Q 52 )、-Si(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 )、-Ge(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 )、-B(Q 56 )(Q 57 )、-P(=O)(Q 58 )(Q 59 ) or -P(Q 58 )(Q 59 ). Q 51 To Q 59 Each may be the same as described herein.

[0472] In an embodiment, R in Formulas 5A and 5B 51 To R 54 Can be independently:

[0473] hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, -SF 5 , C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 20 Alkylthio;

[0474] Each of C is substituted by 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 20 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 10alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclopentyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclohexyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cycloheptyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)cyclooctyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) adamantyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) norbornyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) norbornene, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclopentenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclohexenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cycloheptenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, phenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, or any combination thereof;

[0475] cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, phenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, yl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzo Thiphenyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, or azadibenzothiophenyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, (phenyl) C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclopentyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclohexyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cycloheptyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)cyclooctyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) adamantyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) norbornyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl) norbornene, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclopentenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cyclohexenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)cycloheptenyl, (C 1 -C 20alkyl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, phenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, yl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, carbazolyl, phenanthrolinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazine, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothienyl, or any combination thereof; or

[0476] N(Q 51 )(Q 52 )、-Si(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 )、-Ge(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 )、-B(Q 56 )(Q 57 )、-P(=O)(Q 58 )(Q 59 ), or -P(Q 58 )(Q 59 ),as well as

[0477] Q 51 To Q 59 Can be independently: -CH 3 、-CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 、-CH 2 CH 3 、-CH 2 CD 3 、-CH 2 CD 2 H, -CH 2 CDH 2 、-CHDCH 3 、-CHDCD2 H, -CHDCDH 2 、-CHDCD 3 、-CD 2 CD 3 、-CD 2 CD 2 H, or -CD 2 CDH 2 ;or

[0478] n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0479] In one or more embodiments, R 51 To R 54 Can be independently:

[0480] Hydrogen, deuterium, -F or cyano;

[0481] C is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 1 -C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, cyano, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, deuterated C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, fluorinated C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl) biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, deuterated dibenzofuranyl, fluorodibenzofuranyl, (C 1 -C 20alkyl) dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, deuterated dibenzothiophenyl, fluorodibenzothiophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)dibenzothienyl, or any combination thereof;

[0482] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, phenyl, or biphenyl: deuterium, cyano, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, deuterated C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, fluorinated C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, deuterated C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, fluorinated C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, deuterated C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, fluorinated C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 20 Alkyl)C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, fluorophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, fluorobiphenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl) biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, deuterated dibenzofuranyl, fluorodibenzofuranyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl) dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, deuterated dibenzothiophenyl, fluorodibenzothiophenyl, (C 1 -C 20 alkyl)dibenzothienyl, or any combination thereof; or

[0483] -Si(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 ) or -Ge(Q 53 )(Q 54 )(Q 55 ).

[0484] b51 to b54 in Formulas 5A and 5B represent R 51 To R 54 and may be independently an integer from 0 to 20. When b51 is 2 or greater, two or more R 51 may be the same or different from each other. When b52 is 2 or greater, two or more R 52 may be the same or different from each other. When b53 is 2 or greater, two or more R 53 may be the same as or different from each other, and when b54 is 2 or greater, two or more R 54 For example, b51 to b54 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 8.

[0485] In an embodiment, in Formula 5A, Y 52 Can be C, in Y 52 and M 51 The bond between them can be a covalent bond, and the number of R is b52 52 At least one of may be cyano or -F.

[0486] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 5A, Y 51 Can be N, in Y 51 and M 51 The bond between them can be a coordination bond, CY 51 may be an imidazole group, a triazole group, a benzimidazole group, or a triazolopyridine group, and the number of R is b52 52 At least one of may be cyano or -F.

[0487] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 5A, Y 51 Can be C, and in Y 51 and M 51 The bond between them can be a coordination bond.

[0488] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 5A, Y 51 Can be C, in Y 51 and M 51 The bond between can be a coordination bond, and CY 51 It may be a benzimidazole group or an imidazopyrazine group.

[0489] Examples of the organometallic compound represented by Formula 3 or 5

[0490] In an embodiment, the organometallic compound represented by Formula 3 or 5 may be one of Compounds P1 to P52:

[0491]

[0492]

[0493]

[0494] Figure 1 Description

[0495] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. Figure 1 A structure and a method of manufacturing the organic light emitting device 10 according to an embodiment are described.

[0496] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the organic light emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 11 , a second electrode 19 facing the first electrode 11 , and an intermediate layer 10A disposed between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 19 .

[0497] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the intermediate layer 10A includes the emission layer 15 , and may further include the hole transport region 13 disposed between the first electrode 11 and the emission layer 15 , and the electron transport region 17 disposed between the emission layer 15 and the second electrode 19 .

[0498] A substrate may be additionally disposed under the first electrode 11 or on the second electrode 19. For use as the substrate, any substrate used in an organic light-emitting device available in the art may be used, and for example, a glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate each having excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, easy handling (handling) and water resistance may be used.

[0499] [First electrode 11]

[0500] The first electrode 11 may be formed by, for example, depositing or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 11 onto the substrate. The first electrode 11 may be an anode. The material for forming the first electrode 11 may include a material having a high work function to facilitate hole injection.

[0501] The first electrode 11 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. In an embodiment, when the first electrode 11 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 11 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO 2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 11 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 11 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0502] The first electrode 11 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0503] [Emission layer 15]

[0504] The thickness of the emission layer 15 may be about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the emission layer 15 is within the above range, excellent light emitting characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0505] In an embodiment, the emissive layer 15 may include an emitter as described herein and an amount m1 of a host (and optionally a sensitizer).

[0506] [Hole transport region 13]

[0507] The hole transport region 13 may be disposed between the first electrode 11 and the emission layer 15 of the organic light emitting device 10 .

[0508] The hole transport region 13 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0509] In an embodiment, the hole transport region 12 may have a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / first hole transport layer / second hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / first hole transport layer / second hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, a hole transport layer / buffer layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / buffer layer structure, a hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure.

[0510] The hole transport region 13 may include any compound having hole transport properties.

[0511] In an implementation, the hole transport region 13 may include an amine-based compound.

[0512] In an embodiment, the hole transport region 13 may include m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB, β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), a compound represented by one of Formulae 201 to 205, or any combination thereof:

[0513]

[0514] Formula 201

[0515]

[0516] Formula 202

[0517]

[0518] Formula 203

[0519]

[0520] Formula 204

[0521]

[0522] Formula 205

[0523]

[0524] Wherein, in Formulas 201 to 205,

[0525] L 201 To L 209 can be independently *-O-*', *-S-*', substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 60 A carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0526] xa1 to xa9 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5, and

[0527] R 201 To R 206 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, wherein R 201 To R 206 Two adjacent groups of may optionally be linked to each other via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group or a diphenyl-methylene group.

[0528] In an embodiment,

[0529] L 201 To L 209 The following may be phenyl groups, heptalene groups, indene groups, naphthyl groups, azulene groups, heptalene groups, indacene groups, acenaphthene groups, fluorene groups, spirobifluorene groups, benzofluorene groups, dibenzofluorene groups, phenalene groups, phenanthrene groups, anthracene groups, fluoranthene groups, benzo[9,10]phenanthrene groups, pyrene groups, each of which may be unsubstituted or substituted: group, a tetraphenyl group, a phenanthene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, a hexaphenyl group, a pentacene group, a rubine group, a coronene group, an ovalene group, a pyrrole group, an isoindole group, an indole group, a furan group, a thiophene group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a benzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene sulfone group, a carbazole group, a dibenzosilole group, an indenocarbazole group, an indolocarbazole group, a benzofuranocarbazole group, a benzothiophenocarbazole group, or a triindolophenyl group: deuterium, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 Alkoxy, phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, carbazolyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), or any combination thereof,

[0530] xa1 to xa9 may each independently be 0, 1 or 2, and

[0531] R 201 To R 206 Each of the following may be independently unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, pentalenyl, indenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, heptalenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenaltenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, phenyl, tetraphenyl, peryl, peryl, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacene, rubinyl, coronenyl, ovalenyl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, pyridyl, indenocarbazolyl, indolcarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, or benzothienocarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, pentalenyl, indenyl, naphthyl, azulenyl, heptalenyl, indacenyl, acenaphthenyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenaltenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, phenyl, tetraphenyl, peryl, peryl, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacene, rubinyl, coronene, ovalene, thienyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzosilyl, pyridyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), or any combination thereof.

[0532] Q 11 To Q 13 and Q 31 To Q 33 Can be independently C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl.

[0533] In an embodiment, the hole transport region 13 may include an amine-based compound containing carbazole.

[0534] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 13 may include an amine-based compound containing carbazole and an amine-based compound not containing carbazole.

[0535] The carbazole-containing amine-based compound may include, for example, a compound represented by Formula 201 including a carbazole group and further including at least one of the following: a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, an indenocarbazole group, an indolecarbazole group, a benzofuranocarbazole group, and a benzothiophenocarbazole group.

[0536] The amine-based compound not containing carbazole may include, for example, a compound represented by Formula 201 that does not include a carbazole group and includes at least one of the following: a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, an indenocarbazole group, an indolecarbazole group, a benzofuranocarbazole group, and a benzothiophenocarbazole group.

[0537] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 13 may include a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0538] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 12 may include a compound represented by Formula 201-1, 202-1, or 201-2, or any combination thereof:

[0539] Formula 201-1

[0540]

[0541] Formula 202-1

[0542]

[0543] Formula 201-2

[0544]

[0545] Wherein, in formulas 201-1, 202-1 and 201-2, L 201 To L 203 , L 205 , xa1 to xa3, xa5, R 201 and R 202 may each be the same as described herein, and R 211 To R 213 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl-substituted phenyl, -F-substituted phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dimethylfluorenyl, diphenylfluorenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, thienyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzosilyl, or pyridyl.

[0546] In an embodiment, the hole transport region 13 may include one of compounds HT1 to HT39 or any combination thereof:

[0547]

[0548]

[0549]

[0550] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region 13 of the organic light emitting device 10 may further include a p-dopant. When the hole transport region 13 further includes a p-dopant, the hole transport region 13 may have a matrix (e.g., at least one of the compounds represented by Formulae 201 to 205) and a p-dopant included in the matrix. The p-dopant may be uniformly or non-uniformly doped in the hole transport region 13.

[0551] In an embodiment, the p-dopant may have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of -3.5 eV or less.

[0552] The p-dopant may include a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, a cyano group-containing compound, or any combination thereof.

[0553] For example, the p-dopant may include:

[0554] Quinone derivatives, for example tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ) or F6-TCNNQ;

[0555] Metal oxides, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide;

[0556] 1,4,5,8,9,12-Hexaazabenzo[9,10]phenanthrene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN);

[0557] A compound represented by Formula 221; or

[0558] Any combination of:

[0559]

[0560] Formula 221

[0561]

[0562] Among them, in formula 221,

[0563] R 221 To R 223 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, wherein R 221 To R 223 The at least one substituent of the substituted group may be independently: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C substituted by -F 1 -C 20 Alkyl; C substituted by -Cl 1 -C 20 Alkyl; C substituted by -Br 1 -C 20 Alkyl; C substituted by -I 1 -C 20 or any combination thereof.

[0564] The compound represented by Formula 221 may include, for example, compound HT-D2:

[0565]

[0566] The thickness of the hole transport region 13 may be about to about For example, about to about The thickness of the emission layer 15 may be within the range of about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the hole transport region 13 and the emission layer 15 is within the above range, satisfactory hole transport characteristics and / or light emission characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage. In the hole transport region 13, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be about to about For example, about to about And the thickness of the hole transport layer may be about to about For example, about to about

[0567] The hole transport region 12 may further include a buffer layer.

[0568] The buffer layer may compensate for an optical resonance distance according to the wavelength of light emitted from the emission layer 15, and thus, the efficiency of the formed organic light emitting device may be improved.

[0569] The hole transport region 13 may further include an electron blocking layer. The electron blocking layer may include known materials, such as mCP or DBFPO:

[0570]

[0571] The thickness of the electron blocking layer may be about to about For example, about to about

[0572] [Electron transport region 17]

[0573] The electron transport region 17 may be disposed between the emission layer 15 and the second electrode 19 of the organic light emitting device 10 .

[0574] The electron transport region 17 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0575] For example, the electron transport region 17 may have an electron transport layer, an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a buffer layer / electron transport layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer structure, a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure. The electron transport region 17 may further include an electron control layer.

[0576] The electron transport region 17 may include a known electron transport material.

[0577] The electron transport region 17 (eg, a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-free compound containing at least one C-containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen.1 -C 60 The C containing nitrogen lacking π electrons 1 -C 60 The cyclic group may be the same as described herein.

[0578] In an embodiment, the electron transport region 17 may include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[0579] Formula 601

[0580] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0581] Wherein, in Formula 601,

[0582] Ar 601 and L 601 may be independently unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 601a Substituted C 5 -C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 601a Substituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0583] xe11 can be 1, 2 or 3,

[0584] xe1 can be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0585] R 601a and R 601 may be independently substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 60heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 )、-C(=O)(Q 601 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 601 ), or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),

[0586] Q 601 To Q 603 Can be independently C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl, and

[0587] xe21 can be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0588] In an embodiment, the amount of Ar is xe11 601 and the number of R is xe21 601 At least one of the following may include a C containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen 1 -C 60 Cyclic group.

[0589] In an embodiment, Ar in Formula 601 601 and L 601 Each of them may be independently unsubstituted or substituted by a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenanthene group, a phenanthene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, group, naphthacene group, phenanthracene group, perylene group, pentaphene group, indenoanthracene group, dibenzofuran group, dibenzothiophene group, carbazole group, imidazole group, pyrazole group, thiazole group, isothiazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, pyridine group, pyrazine group, pyrimidine group, pyridazine group, indazole group, purine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, phthalazine group, naphthyridine group, quinoxaline group, quinoline group oxazoline group, cinnoline group, phenanthridine group, acridine group, phenanthroline group, phenazine group, benzimidazole group, benzisothiazole group, benzoxazole group, benzisoxazole group, triazole group, tetrazole group, oxadiazole group, triazine group, thiadiazole group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group, or azacarbazole group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C1 -C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-S(=O) 2 (Q 31 )、-P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), or any combination thereof, and

[0590] Q 31 To Q 33 Can be independently C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl.

[0591] When xe11 in Formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 can be connected to each other via a single bond.

[0592] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It may be an anthracene group.

[0593] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 601 can be represented by Formula 601-1:

[0594] Formula 601-1

[0595]

[0596] Among them, in formula 601-1,

[0597] X 614 Can be N or C(R 614 ), X 615 Can be N or C(R 615 ), X 616 Can be N or C(R 616 ), and X 614 To X 616 At least one of may be N,

[0598] L 611 To L 613 can be independently compared with the L 601 Same as described,

[0599] xe611 to xe613 can each independently be the same as described herein with respect to xe1,

[0600] R 611 To R613 Each is independent of the R 601 Same as described, and

[0601] R 614 To R 616 can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, or naphthyl.

[0602] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formulas 601 and 601-1 may each independently be 0, 1 or 2.

[0603] In one or more embodiments, R in Formula 601 and 601-1 601 and R 611 To R 613 Each of them may be independently unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthryl, pyrenyl, yl, peryl, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacene, thienyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinoline quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, or azacarbazolyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, dibenzofluorenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluoranthenyl, benzo[9,10]phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, yl, peryl, pentaphenyl, hexaphenyl, pentacene, thienyl, furanyl, carbazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, dibenzothiophenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyrazinyl , pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzoquinolyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phenanthridinyl, acridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, or any combination thereof; or

[0604] -S(=O) 2 (Q 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 ),as well as

[0605] Q 601 and Q 602 Each may be the same as described herein.

[0606] The electron transport region 17 may include one of compounds ET1 to ET36, or any combination thereof:

[0607]

[0608]

[0609]

[0610]

[0611] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region 17 may include 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq 3 , BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), NTAZ, DBFPO, or any combination thereof. For example, when the electron transport region 17 includes a hole blocking layer, the hole blocking layer may include BCP or Bphen:

[0612]

[0613]

[0614] The thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and the electron control layer may be independently about to about For example, about to about When the thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and the electron control layer are within the above ranges, excellent hole blocking characteristics or excellent electron control characteristics may be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0615] The thickness of the electron transport layer may be about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within the above range, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0616] The electron transport region 17 (eg, the electron transport layer in the electron transport region 17 ) may further include a material containing a metal in addition to the above-mentioned materials.

[0617] The metal-containing material may include an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The metal ions of the alkali metal complex may include Li ions, Na ions, K ions, Rb ions, Cs ions, or any combination thereof, and the metal ions of the alkaline earth metal complex may include Be ions, Mg ions, Ca ions, Sr ions, Ba ions, or any combination thereof. The ligand coordinated with the metal ions of the alkali metal complex or the alkaline earth metal complex may include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiphenyloxadiazole, hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0618] In an embodiment, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2:

[0619]

[0620] The electron transport region 17 may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 19. The electron injection layer may directly contact the second electrode 19. The thickness of the electron injection layer may be about to about For example, about to about

[0621] The electron injection layer may have i) a single-layer structure composed of a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layer structure composed of a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0622] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0623] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs.

[0624] The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof.

[0625] The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0626] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may include oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, etc.) of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals, or any combination thereof.

[0627] The alkali metal compound may include: an alkali metal oxide such as Li 2 O, Cs 2 O, and K 2 O; an alkali metal halide such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI; or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the alkali metal compound may include LiF, Li 2 O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, KI, or any combination thereof.

[0628] The alkaline earth metal compound may include one of the following: an alkaline earth metal compound such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where 0 < x < 1), and Ba x Ca 1-x O (where 0 < x < 1); or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the alkaline earth metal compound may include BaO, SrO, CaO, or any combination thereof.

[0629] The rare earth metal compound may include YbF 3 、ScF 3 、ScO 3, Y 2 O 3 、Ce 2 O 3 , GdF 3 , TbF 3 , or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may include YbF 3 ScF 3 , TbF 3 ,YbI 3 ScI 3 , TbI 3 , or any combination thereof.

[0630] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex and the rare earth metal complex may include ions of the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal as described above, and the ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth metal complex or the rare earth metal complex may include hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiphenyloxadiazole, hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0631] The electron injection layer may be composed of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof as described above. In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material. When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in a matrix including an organic material.

[0632] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be about to about For example, about to about When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the above range, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0633] [Second electrode 19]

[0634] The second electrode 19 may be disposed on the intermediate layer 10A. The second electrode 19 may be a cathode as an electron injection electrode, and in this regard, a material for forming the second electrode 19 may be selected from metals, alloys, conductive compounds, and any combination thereof having a relatively low work function.

[0635] The second electrode 19 may include lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 19 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0636] The second electrode 19 may have a single-layer structure having a single layer or a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers.

[0637] Method for evaluating the protection factor of atom X included in compound Y

[0638] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of evaluating a protection factor of an atom X included in a compound Y as described herein is provided.

[0639] The protection factor obtained by using this method is a quantitative value of the level of protection of atom X in compound Y by other atoms of compound Y, and can be used to evaluate the stability, robustness, etc. of compound Y.

[0640] For example, the method can be used to screen compounds described below for compounds having highly protected atoms.

[0641] Method for screening compounds containing highly protected atoms

[0642] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for screening a compound containing a highly protected atom, comprising:

[0643] (1) evaluating the protection factor of the atom X included in the compound to be screened by using the method for evaluating the protection factor, and

[0644] (2) Based on the result obtained from step (1), compounds having a protection coefficient higher than a reference value are selected from compounds that must be screened to screen compounds containing highly protected atoms.

[0645] The atom X in step (1) and the reference value in step (2) can be selected according to the purpose of use of the compound containing a highly protected atom. For example, when the emitter described herein must be screened as a compound containing a highly protected atom, "boron atom" can be selected as atom X in step (1) and "0.7" can be selected as the reference value in step (2).

[0646] Method for generating artificial intelligence models for predicting properties of chemical compounds

[0647] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for generating an artificial intelligence model for predicting properties of a compound (e.g., protection coefficients of atoms in a compound), comprising:

[0648] collecting a data set including a protection factor of an atom X having a protection factor evaluated by using the method for evaluating a protection factor, and a molecular structure of a compound Y including the atom X, and

[0649] Machine learning is performed by using the dataset.

[0650] Methods for predicting the properties of chemical compounds

[0651] According to another method of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of predicting a property of a compound, comprising:

[0652] inputting the molecular structure of compound Z into the artificial intelligence model generated by using the method for generating an artificial intelligence model, and

[0653] The properties of compound Z (eg, protection coefficients of atoms in compound Z) are extracted from the artificial intelligence model.

[0654] Compound Z is any compound whose properties (eg protection factor) must be demonstrated and may be identical to compound Y or different.

[0655] The method for predicting the properties of a compound may further include: collecting a calibration data set, wherein the calibration data set includes the properties of compound Z (e.g., the protection coefficients of atoms in compound Z) and information of compound Z (e.g., the atoms and molecular structures of compound Z with protection coefficients); and inputting the calibration data set into the artificial intelligence model.

[0656] By using the artificial intelligence model generated by utilizing the method for generating an artificial intelligence model, the properties of compounds with complex molecular structures can be easily predicted, and by using the predicted properties, effective compounds that must be actually synthesized and whose true properties must be actually confirmed can be easily screened out from a group of compounds that must be screened.

[0657] Explanation of terminology

[0658] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 "Alkyl" refers to a linear or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and the term "C 1 -C 60 "Alkylene" refers to a group having a C 1 -C60 Alkyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0659] C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkyl, and / or C 1 -C 10 Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec- Decyl or tert-decyl: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodecyl, sec-decyl, tert-decyl, or any combination thereof.

[0660] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 "Alkoxy" refers to -OA 101 (A 101 C 1 -C 60 An alkyl group is a monovalent group represented by an alkyl group, and examples thereof may include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, and the like.

[0661] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkenyl" means a group consisting of 2 -C 60 The term "C" as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group formed by inserting at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middle or at the terminal of an alkyl group, and examples thereof may include vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, and the like. 2 -C 60 "Alkenylene" refers to a 2 -C 60 Alkenyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0662] As used herein, the term "C 2 -C 60 "Alkynyl" refers to a 2 -C 60The term "C" as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group formed by inserting at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the terminal of an alkyl group, and examples thereof may include ethynyl, propynyl, and the like. 2 -C 60 "Alkynylidene" refers to a 2 -C 60 Alkynyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0663] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms as ring atoms, and the term "Cycloalkyl" as used herein 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to a cycloalkylene having a 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0664] C 3 -C 10 Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and the like.

[0665] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated cyclic group including at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si, S, Se, Ge and B as a ring atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms as ring atoms, and the term "C 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkylene" refers to a 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0666] C 1 -C 10 Examples of heterocycloalkyl include silacyclopentyl, silacyclohexyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, tetrahydrothienyl and the like.

[0667] As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group including 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and having no aromaticity, and examples thereof may include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, and the like. As used herein, the term "C 3 -C 10 "Cycloalkenylene" refers to a 3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0668] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 10 The term "heterocycloalkenyl group" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si, S, Se, Ge and B as a ring atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms as ring atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and having no aromaticity. 1 -C 10 Examples of heterocycloalkenyl include 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrothienyl, and the like. 1 -C 10 "Heterocycloalkenylene" refers to a 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl is a divalent group of the same structure.

[0669] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms as ring atoms, and the term "C 6 -C 60 "Arylene" refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms as ring atoms. 6 -C 60 Examples of aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, pyrenyl, Ji et al. 6 -C 60 Aryl and C 6 -C 60 When the arylene groups each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other.

[0670] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 The term "heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group including a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si, S, Se, Ge and B as a ring atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms as ring atoms, and the term "C 1 -C 60 The term "heteroarylene" refers to a divalent group including a heterocyclic aromatic system having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, Si, S, Se, Ge and B as a ring atom and 1 to 60 carbon atoms as ring atoms. 1 -C 60 Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, and the like. 1-C 60 Heteroaryl and C 1 -C 60 When the heteroarylene groups each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other.

[0671] As used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 "Aryloxy" refers to -OA 102 (A 102 C 6 -C 60 aryl), and as used herein, the term "C 6 -C 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (A 103 C 6 -C 60 aryl).

[0672] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" as used herein refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, having only carbon atoms (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as ring-forming atoms, and not having aromaticity in terms of its entire molecule. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups include fluorenyl and the like. The term "divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group" as used herein refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0673] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" as used herein refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused to each other, having, in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms), heteroatoms selected from N, O, P, Si, S, Se, Ge and B as ring-forming atoms, and having no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic groups include carbazolyl and the like. The term "divalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" as used herein refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0674] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 A "cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including at least one *-N=*' (wherein * and *' each represent a binding site with an adjacent atom) as a ring-forming part. For example, a C-containing nitrogen lacking π electrons 1 -C 60 The cyclic group may be a) a first ring, b) a condensed ring in which two or more first rings are condensed to each other, or c) a condensed ring in which at least one first ring and at least one second ring are condensed.

[0675] As used herein, the term "π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 A "cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and not including any *-N=*' (wherein * and *' each represent a binding site with an adjacent atom) as a ring-forming part. For example, a π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The cyclic group may be a) a second ring, or b) a condensed ring in which two or more second rings are condensed to each other.

[0676] As used herein, the term "C 5 -C 60 The "cyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, and may be, for example, a) a tertiary ring, or b) a condensed ring in which two or more tertiary rings are condensed to each other.

[0677] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 The "heterocyclic group" refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including at least one heteroatom, and may be, for example, a) a fourth ring, b) a condensed ring in which two or more fourth rings are condensed to each other, or c) a condensed ring in which at least one third ring is condensed to at least one fourth ring.

[0678] The “first ring” as used herein may be an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrimidine group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, or a thiadiazole group.

[0679] The "second ring" as used herein may be a benzene group, a cyclopentadiene group, a pyrrole group, a furan group, a thiophene group, or a silole group.

[0680] The “third ring” as used herein may be a cyclopentane group, a cyclopentadiene group, an indene group, an adamantane group, a norbornene group, a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane group, a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane group, a bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane group (norbornane group), a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, or a phenyl group.

[0681] The “fourth ring” as used herein may be a furan group, a thiophene group, a pyrrole group, a thiol group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, an oxadiazole group, an isoxadiazole group, an oxatriazole group, an isoxatriazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, a thiadiazole group, an isothiadiazole group, a thiatriazole group, an isothitriazole group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an azathiol group, a diazathiol group, a triazathiol group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, or a triazine group.

[0682] For example, C containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen 1 -C 60 The cyclic group may be an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrimidine group, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a benzoisoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a benzoquinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzimidazole group, a benzisothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, a benzisoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group, an azacarbazole group, an azadibenzofuran group, an azadibenzothiophene group, an azadibenzosilole group, an acridine group, or a pyridopyrazine group.

[0683] For example, the π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 The cyclic group can be a phenyl group, a heptadene group, an indene group, a naphthalene group, an azulene group, an indacene group, an acenaphthene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenanthene group, a phenanthrenene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, group, a tetraphenyl group, a phenanthracene group, a perylene group, a pentacene group, a hexaphenyl group, a pentaphene group, a rubine group, a coronene group, an ovale group, a pyrrole group, a furan group, a thiophene group, an isoindole group, an indole group, an indene group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, a benzosilole group, a naphthopyrrole group, a naphthofuran group, a naphthothiophene group, a naphthosilole group, a benzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a di A benzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, a dibenzosilole group, an indenocarbazole group, an indolecarbazole group, a benzofuranocarbazole group, a benzothiophenocarbazole group, a benzothiophenocarbazole group, a triindolephenyl group, a pyrrolophenanthrene group, a furanophenanthrene group, a thiophenophenanthrene group, a benzonaphthofuran group, a benzonaphthothiophene group, an indolephenanthrene group, a benzofuranophenanthrene group, or a benzothiophenophenanthrene group.

[0684] For example, C 5 -C 60 The carbocyclic group may be a cyclopentane group, a cyclohexane group, a cyclohexene group, a phenyl group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, a phenanthrene group, a benzo[9,10]phenanthrene group, a pyrene group, group, a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene group, a cyclopentadiene group, an indene group, a fluorene group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline group, a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline group, an adamantane group, a norbornane group, or a norbornene group.

[0685] For example, C 1 -C 60 The heterocyclic group may be a thiophene group, a furan group, a pyrrole group, a cyclopentadiene group, a thiol group, a borocyclopentadiene group, a phosphole group, a selenophene group, a germanocyclopentadiene group, a benzothiophene group, a benzofuran group, an indole group, an indene group, a benzothiol group, a benzoborole group, a benzophosphole group, a benzoselenophene group, a benzogermanocyclopentadiene group, a dibenzothiophene group, a dibenzofuran group, a carbazole group, dibenzosilole group, dibenzoborole group, dibenzophosphole group, dibenzoselenophene group, dibenzogermanol group, dibenzothiophene 5-oxide group, 9H-fluoren-9-one group, dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide group, azabenzothiophene group, azabenzofuran group, azaindole group, azaindene group, azabenzosilole group, azabenzoborole group, azabenzophosphole group , azabenzoselenophene group, azabenzogermanyl group, azadibenzothiophene group, azadibenzofuran group, azacarbazole group, azafluorene group, azadibenzosilole group, azadibenzoborol group, azadibenzophosphole group, azadibenzoselenophene group, azadibenzogermanyl group, azadibenzothiophene 5-oxide group, aza-9H-fluorene-9-one group, azadibenzothiophene 5, A 5-dioxide group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyrazine group, a pyridazine group, a triazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a phenanthroline group, a pyrazole group, an imidazole group, a triazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxadiazole group, a thiadiazole group, a benzopyrazole group, a benzimidazole group, a benzoxazole group, a benzothiazole group, a benzooxadiazole group, or a benzothiadiazole group.

[0686] As used herein, the term "C 1 -C 60 Cyclic groups, π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 Cyclic group, C5 -C 60 Cyclic groups, and C 1 -C 60 The "heterocyclic group" refers to a part of a condensed ring or a monovalent, divalent, trivalent, tetravalent, pentavalent or hexavalent group, each depending on the formula structure.

[0687] Substituted C containing π-electron-deficient nitrogen 1 -C 60 Cyclic groups, substituted π-electron-rich C 3 -C 60 Cyclic groups, substituted C 5 -C 60 Cyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 60 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkylene, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenylene, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynylidene, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkylene, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkylene, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenylene, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylene, substituted C 1 -C 60 Heteroarylene, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C 6 -C 60 Aryl, substituted C 6 -C60 Aryloxy, substituted C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, substituted C 1 -C 60 The substituents of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group may each independently be:

[0688] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio;

[0689] Each of C is substituted by 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy or C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof;

[0690] C each unsubstituted or substituted 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 , -CF 3 , -CF 2 H, -CFH 2 , hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid or its salt, sulfonic acid or its salt, phosphoric acid or its salt, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1-C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof;

[0691] -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37 )、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 ), or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 );or

[0692] Any combination thereof.

[0693] Q 1 To Q 9 , Q 11 To Q 19 , Q21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39 may be independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; or unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkenyl, C 2 -C 60 Alkynyl, C 1 -C 60 Alkoxy, C 1 -C 60 Alkylthio, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C 3 -C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C 1 -C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C 6 -C 60 Aryl, C 6 -C 60 Aryloxy, C 6 -C 60 Arylthio, C 1 -C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano, C 1 -C 60 Alkyl, C 6 -C 60 aryl, or any combination thereof.

[0694] Unless otherwise defined, the terms used herein, such as Q 1 To Q 9 , Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39 Can be independently:

[0695] -CH 3 、-CD 3 、-CD 2 H.-CDH 2 、-CH 2 CH 3 、-CH 2 CD 3 、-CH 2 CD 2 H, -CH 2CDH 2 、-CHDCH 3 、-CHDCD 2 H, -CHDCDH 2 、-CHDCD 3 、-CD 2 CD 3 、-CD 2 CD 2 H or -CD 2 CDH 2 ;or

[0696] n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with: deuterium, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0697] The term "room temperature" as used herein refers to a temperature of about 25°C.

[0698] As used herein, the terms "biphenyl, terphenyl and tetraphenyl" each refer to a monovalent group having two, three or four phenyl groups connected via a single bond, respectively.

[0699] Hereinafter, the compound and the organic light-emitting device according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the synthesis examples and the examples. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The phrase "using 'B' instead of 'A'" used in describing the synthesis examples means that the amount of 'A' used is the same as the amount of 'B' used in terms of molar equivalent.

[0700] [Example]

[0701] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

[0702]

[0703] Synthesis of Compound 1-2

[0704] In a nitrogen atmosphere, N1,N3-di([1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)-5-(tert-butyl)benzene-1,3-diamine (15 g, 24.16 mmol), 1-bromo-3-iodobenzene (136.7 g, 483.3 mmol), CuI (0.46 g, 2.42 mmol) and K 2 CO 3(11.69 g, 84.56 mmol) were mixed and heated at 200°C for 24 hours, and then the reaction was terminated using an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. Subsequently, the organic layer extracted with dichloromethane was purified by MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then a purification process was performed thereon by column chromatography (a volume ratio of dichloromethane (MC):hexane was 1:3) to thereby obtain Compound 1-2 (12 g) as a white solid.

[0705] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 930.83 g / mol, measured: [M + ]930.204g / mol

[0706] N1,N3-di([1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)-5-(tert-butyl)benzene-1,3-diamine is obtained by the following reaction, wherein the method of step 1 can refer to paragraph

[0157] in WO2008 / 126802, and the method of step 2 can refer to "Synthesis of A1" on page 47 of US2023 / 0232702A1.

[0707]

[0708] Synthesis of compound 1-1

[0709] In a nitrogen atmosphere, compound 1-2 (10.4 g, 11.17 mmol), 100 ml of 1,2-dichlorobenzene and BI 3 (6.56 g, 16.76 mmol) were mixed and heated at 150 °C for 24 hours, then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and then Na 2 CO 3 The reaction was terminated with an aqueous solution. The organic layer extracted therefrom was treated with MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then a purification process was performed thereon by column chromatography (the volume ratio of MC:hexane was 1:3) to thereby obtain Compound 1-1 (2.5 g).

[0710] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 938.61 g / mol, measured: [M + ]938.19 g / mol

[0711] Synthesis of compound 1

[0712] In a nitrogen atmosphere, compound 1-1 (1 g, 1.07 mmol), carbazole (0.35 g, 2.09 mmol), Pd 2 (dba) 3(0.01 g, 0.01 mmol), sphos (0.008 g, 0.02 mmol) and NaOBu-t (0.31 g, 3.21 mmol) were added to toluene and heated at 110°C for 5 hours, then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and then the reaction was terminated using an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer extracted therefrom was treated with MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then a purification process was performed thereon by column chromatography (the volume ratio of MC:hexane was 1:2) to thereby obtain Compound 1 (0.5 g) as a yellow solid.

[0713] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 1111.21 g / mol, measured: [M + ]1112.51g / mol

[0714] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 2

[0715]

[0716] Synthesis of compound 2-2

[0717] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 5-(tert-butyl)-N1,N3-bis(4,4″-di-tert-butyl-[1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl]-2′-yl)benzene-1,3-diamine (20 g, 23.66 mmol), 1-bromo-3-iodobenzene (133.88 g, 473.22 mmol), CuI (9 g, 47.32 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (26.16 g, 189.28 mmol) were mixed and heated at 200°C for 24 hours, and then the reaction was terminated using an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. Subsequently, the organic layer extracted with dichloromethane was dried using MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then, a purification process was performed thereto by column chromatography (the volume ratio of MC:hexane was 1:3) to thereby obtain Compound 2-2 (20 g) as a white solid.

[0718] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 1155.26 g / mol, measured: [M + ]1155.46g / mol

[0719] 5-(tert-Butyl)-N1,N3-bis(4,4"-di-tert-butyl-[1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)benzene-1,3-diamine is obtained by the following reaction, wherein the method of step 1 can refer to paragraph

[0157] in WO2008 / 126802, and the method of step 2 can refer to "Synthesis of A1" on page 47 of US2023 / 0232702A1.

[0720]

[0721] Synthesis of compound 2-1

[0722] In a nitrogen atmosphere, compound 2-2 (10 g, 8.59 mmol), 100 ml of 1,2-dichlorobenzene and BI 3 (5.05 g, 12.9 mmol) was mixed and heated at 150 °C for 24 hours, then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and then Na 2 CO 3 The reaction was terminated with an aqueous solution. The organic layer extracted therefrom was treated with MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then, a purification process was performed thereto by column chromatography (the volume ratio of MC:hexane was 1:3) to thereby obtain Compound 2-1 (3.0 g).

[0723] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 1163.05 g / mol, measured: [M + ]1163.14g / mol

[0724] Synthesis of compound 2

[0725] In a nitrogen atmosphere, compound 2-1 (1.5 g, 1.29 mmol), carbazole (0.33 g, 1.97 mmol), Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.11 g, 0.13 mmol), sphos (0.055 g, 0.13 mmol) and NaOBu-t (0.43 g, 4.47 mmol) were added to toluene and heated at 110°C for 5 hours, then the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and then the reaction was terminated using an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. The organic layer extracted therefrom was treated with MgSO 4 After drying, the solvent was removed therefrom, and then, a purification process was performed thereon by column chromatography (the volume ratio of MC:hexane was 1:2) to thereby obtain Compound 2 (1.2 g) as a yellow solid.

[0726] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 1335.64 g / mol, measured: [M +]1336.76g / mol

[0727] Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 3

[0728]

[0729] Synthesis of compound 3-2

[0730] Compound 3-2 was obtained in the same manner as used to obtain compound 1-2 of Synthesis Example 1, except that 5-(tert-butyl)-N1,N3-bis(3,3",5,5"-tetra-tert-butyl-[1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)benzene-1,3-diamine was used instead of N1,N3-bis([1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)-5-(tert-butyl)benzene-1,3-diamine.

[0731] 5-(tert-Butyl)-N1,N3-bis(3,3",5,5"-tetra-tert-butyl-[1,1':4',1"-terphenyl]-2'-yl)benzene-1,3-diamine is obtained by the following reaction, wherein the method of step 1 can refer to paragraph

[0157] in WO2008 / 126802, and the method of step 2 can refer to "Synthesis of A1" on page 47 of US2023 / 0232702A1.

[0732]

[0733] Synthesis of compound 3-1

[0734] Compound 3-1 was obtained in the same manner as for obtaining Compound 1-1 of Synthesis Example 1, except that Compound 3-2 was used instead of Compound 1-2.

[0735] Synthesis of compound 3

[0736] Compound 3 (1.5 g) was obtained as a yellow solid in the same manner as for obtaining Compound 1 of Synthesis Example 1, except that Compound 3-1 was used instead of Compound 1-1.

[0737] LCMS (m / z): calculated: 1560.08 g / mol, measured: [M + ]1561.15g / mol

[0738] Evaluation Example 1

[0739] For compounds 1 to 3 and R1 to R5, DFT calculations based on the molecular structure optimized by the B3LYP / 6-31G (d, p) function were performed using the Gaussian 16 program to evaluate the HOMO energy level, LUMO energy level, S 1 Energy, T 1 Energy, and △Est (in S 1 Energy and T 1 The absolute value of the difference between the energies) is calculated, and the results are summarized in Table 1.

[0740] Table 1

[0741]

[0742]

[0743] As shown in Table 1, compared with compounds R1 to R5, compounds 1 to 3 have relatively small S 1 Energy and ∆Est.

[0744] Evaluation Example 2

[0745] The surface of Sphere-1, which is a virtual sphere having a radius of a distance between a boron atom of Compound 1 and an atom farthest from the boron atom among atoms included in Compound 1, is simulated, and then a total area A1 of the surface of Sphere-1 is calculated.

[0746] Next, simulate / project region M2 onto the surface of sphere-1 and calculate the area A of region M2 2 , region M2 is the region reached by the projection line from the boron atom without contacting the surface surrounding the virtual compound 1E, the virtual compound 1E having the same structure as compound 1 except that the boron atom does not exist. As the surface surrounding the virtual compound 1E, the solvent accessible surface of the virtual compound 1E is obtained by using a probe radius controlled as The solvent accessible surface area (SASA) method was used to obtain the

[0747] In the virtual compound 1E, no atom (for example, no hydrogen) is bonded to each of the three carbon atoms respectively bonded to the boron atom removed from the compound 1. Therefore, the spatial arrangement of the atoms included in the virtual compound 1E is the same as the spatial arrangement of the atoms included in the compound 1 except for the boron atom.

[0748] Subsequently, "1-(compound 1 A 2 / A of compound 1 1 )" to evaluate the protection factor of the boron atom of Compound 1, and the results are summarized in Table 2.

[0749] Compound 1 A 1 and A 2 Each was obtained using Gaussian 16 program, and the molecular structure of compound 1 was optimized using the B3LYP / 6-31G (d, p) function.

[0750] The above calculation was repeated for each of Compounds 2, 3, and R1 to R5 to evaluate the protection factor of the boron atom of each of Compounds 2, 3, and R1 to R5, and the results are also summarized in Table 2.

[0751] Table 2

[0752] Compound No. The protection factor of the boron atom of the corresponding compound 1 0.739 2 0.803 3 0.845 R1 0.650 R2 0.680 R3 0.662 R4 0.661 R5 0.651

[0753] As confirmed by Table 2, the protection factor of the boron atom of the compounds 1 to 3 is 0.7 or more, whereas the protection factor of the boron atom of the compounds R1 to R5 is less than 0.7.

[0754] Manufacturing of organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) 1 to 3 and R1 to R5

[0755] The A glass substrate having a thick indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode (first electrode, anode) is formed. After completing the ultrasonic treatment using distilled water, cleaning by ultrasonic treatment using isopropyl alcohol, acetone and methanol in the stated order is performed, and the glass substrate is dried and transferred to a plasma cleaner. The glass substrate is cleaned for 5 minutes by using oxygen plasma and then transferred to a vacuum deposition device.

[0756] Compound HT1 and compound HT-D2 were co-deposited in vacuum on the ITO electrode on the glass substrate to form a A hole injection layer having a thickness of A hole transport layer having a thickness of , and mCP is vacuum deposited on the hole transport layer to form a An electron blocking layer with a thickness of , thereby forming a hole transport region.

[0757] HTH7 (first host), ETH8 (second host), P31 (sensitizer) and the emitter shown in Table 3 (the weight ratio of the first host: the second host: the sensitizer: the emitter is 56:30:13:1) were vacuum co-deposited on the electron blocking layer to form a The emitter is a delayed fluorescent emitter.

[0758] BCP is vacuum deposited on the emission layer to form a A hole blocking layer with a thickness of , compound ET27 and LiQ are vacuum co-deposited on the hole blocking layer to form a An electron transport layer having a thickness of , LiQ is vacuum deposited on the electron transport layer to form a An electron injection layer having a thickness of An Al second electrode (cathode) with a thickness of , is formed, thereby completing the manufacture of the OLED.

[0759]

[0760] Evaluation Example 3

[0761] For each of OLEDs 1 to 3 and R1 to R5, the emission peak wavelength (maximum emission peak wavelength), FWHM, driving voltage, and external quantum efficiency at 1,000 nits (EQE at 1,000 nits) and lifetime (LT at 1,000 nits) of the electroluminescence (EL) spectrum were evaluated. 95 ), and the results are shown in Table 3. The EL spectrum (at 1,000 cd / m 2 The emission peak wavelength and FWHM of the EL spectrum were evaluated using a current-voltage meter (Keithley 2400) and a brightness meter (Minolta Cs-1000A). The driving voltage and external quantum efficiency were evaluated using a current-voltage meter (Keithley 2400) and a brightness meter (Minolta Cs-1000A). The lifetime (LT at 1,000 nits) was obtained by measuring the amount of time (hr) that elapsed until the brightness dropped to 95% of the initial brightness of 100%. 95 ), which was then converted to and expressed as a relative value (%). The external quantum efficiency was also converted to and expressed as a relative value (%).

[0762] Table 3

[0763]

[0764]

[0765]

[0766] As confirmed by Table 3, OLEDs 1 to 3 emit blue light and have excellent external quantum efficiency and excellent lifespan characteristics compared with OLEDs R1 to R5.

[0767] As described above, according to one or more embodiments, the light emitting device can emit blue light and has improved external quantum efficiency and improved life characteristics at the same time, and therefore, the light emitting device can be used to manufacture high-quality electronic devices. In addition, by using the condensed ring compound as described herein, a light emitting device with improved external quantum efficiency and improved life characteristics can be realized.

[0768] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should typically be considered to be applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A light emitting device, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; as well as an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, The emission layer includes an emitter and a body having a number m1, m1 is an integer of 1 or greater, When m1 is 2 or more, the two or more entities are different from each other, said emitter and said number m1 of bodies are different from each other, The emitter includes a condensed ring in which two or more monocyclic groups are condensed to each other, and at least one of the monocyclic groups is a 6-membered ring including a boron atom and a carbon atom as ring-forming atoms, The protection coefficients of the boron atoms in the emitter are represented by Expression 1 and at least one of the protection coefficients of the boron atoms is 0.7 or more, and Expression 1 1-(A2 / A1) Among them, in expression 1, A1 represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between the boron atom used in the determination of Expression 1 and the atom farthest from the boron atom among the atoms included in the emitter, A2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, wherein the region M2 is the area reached by the projection line from the boron atom without contacting the surface surrounding the virtual compound E, the virtual compound E having the same structure as the emitter except that the boron atom does not exist, and A1 and A2 were each evaluated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

2. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emission layer further comprises a sensitizer, and The excitation energy in the emission layer is transferred from the sensitizer to the emitter, and the emitter emits the excitation energy having been absorbed from the sensitizer as fluorescent light.

3. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein Fluorescence is emitted from the emitting layer, and the emission peak wavelength of the fluorescence is in the range of 400 nm to 500 nm, or The emission peak wavelength of the emission spectrum of the emitter is in the range of 400 nm to 500 nm. 4 . The light emitting device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the protection factors of the boron atoms in the emitter is in the range of 0.72 to 0.99, or 0.8 to 0.

9.

5. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emitter satisfies at least one of conditions A and B: Condition A The singlet state (S1) energy of the emitter is in the range of 2.700 eV to 3.050 eV Condition B The absolute value of the difference between the singlet state (S1) energy and the triplet state (T1) energy of the emitter is in the range of 0 eV to 0.415 eV.

6. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emitter comprises at least one group represented by Formula 2: Formula 2 in, In formula 2, R1 to R 10 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or C6-C 60 Aryl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof, R 11 To R 13 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; or C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof, and * indicates a binding site to the condensed ring included in the emitter.

7. The light emitting device according to claim 6, wherein the group represented by Formula 2 comprises C1-C 20 Straight chain alkyl or C3-C 20 Branched alkyl.

8. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the emitter is a condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 in, In Formula 1, Ar0 is a group represented by Formula 2, Formula 2 Wherein, in formula 1 and 2, Ring Y1 to Ring Y3 are each independently C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C3-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, W1 is a single bond, O, S, N(Ar1), N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ), W2 is a single bond, O, S, N(Ar2), N(T 21 )、C(T 22 )(T 23 ), or Si(T 22 )(T 23 ), n1 and n2 are each independently 0 or 1, When n1 is 0, *-(W1) n1 -*' does not exist, When n2 is 0, *-(W2) n2 -*' does not exist, The sum of n1 and n2 is 1 or greater, Ar1 and Ar2 are each a group represented by Formula 2, R1 to R 10 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or C6-C 60 Aryl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof, R 11 To R 13 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; or C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof, The * in Formula 2 represents the binding site with Formula 1, Z1 to Z3, T 11 To T 13 , and T 21 To T 23 Each is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SF5, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q1)(Q2), -Si(Q3)(Q4)(Q5), -Ge(Q3)(Q4)(Q5), -B(Q6)(Q7), -P(=O)(Q8)(Q9), -P(Q8)(Q9), or a group represented by Formula 2, b1 to b3 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10, Z1, Z2, Z3, T 11 、T 12 、T 13 、T 21 、T 22 and T 23 Two or more of are optionally linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C 30 Carbocyclic group or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, Substituted C5-C 30 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C1-C 60 Alkylthio, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted C1-C 60 At least one substituent of the heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group is each independently: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, or C1-C 60 Alkylthio; C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, or C1-C 60 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof; C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C1-C 60 Alkylthio, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof; -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37 )、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 )、 or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 ); or any combination thereof, and Q1 to Q9, Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39 Each is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; or C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C1-C 60 Alkylthio, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 aryl, or any combination thereof.

9. The light-emitting device according to claim 8, wherein ring Y1 to ring Y3 are each independently a benzene group, a naphthyl group, a phenanthrene group, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, a pyrazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, a fluorene group, a dibenzosilole group, an azadibenzofuran group, an azadibenzothiophene group, an azacarbazole group, an azafluorene group, or an azadibenzosilole group.

10. The light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein Z1 to Z3, T 11 To T 13 , and T 21 To T 23 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; C1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, or dibenzothioyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothioyl, or any combination thereof; or -N(Q1)(Q2), and Q1 and Q2 are each independently C1-C2 which is unsubstituted or substituted as follows: 20 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, or dibenzothioyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzosilyl, or any combination thereof.

11. The light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein Formula 1 satisfies at least one of Conditions 1 and 2: Condition 1 b1 is 1 or more, and at least one of the b1-numbered Z1 includes a carbazole group, Condition 2 b2 is 1 or more, and at least one of the b2 number of Z2 includes a carbazole group.

12. The light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein b3 is 1 or more, and at least one of the Z3 in the amount b3 is unsubstituted or substituted with C1-C 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof.

13. The light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein the emitter is a compound represented by Formula 1A: Formula 1A in, In Formula 1A, W1 is O, S, N(Ar1), N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ), Ar0, Ar1, Z3, and T 11 To T 13 Each as defined in claim 8, Z 11 and Z 12 each as defined in claim 8 with respect to Z1, and Z 21 and Z 22 Each as defined in claim 8 with respect to Z2.

14. The light emitting device according to claim 13, wherein Formula 1A satisfies at least one of Conditions 3 to 5: Condition 3 Z 11 and Z 12 At least one of which is unsubstituted or substituted with the following N-carbazolyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof Condition 4 Z 21 and Z 22 At least one of which is unsubstituted or substituted with the following N-carbazolyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 20 Alkyl, phenyl, or any combination thereof Condition 5 Z3 is unsubstituted or substituted C1-C 20 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof.

15. The light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein the sensitizer is an organic metal compound, The organometallic compound includes a transition metal and a tetradentate ligand bonded to the transition metal, the transition metal is platinum or palladium, and The tetradentate ligand includes a carbene moiety bonded to the transition metal.

16. An electronic device comprising the light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A condensed ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 in, In Formula 1, Ar0 is a group represented by Formula 2, Formula 2 Wherein, in formula 1 and 2, Ring Y1 to Ring Y3 are each independently C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C3-C 60 Heterocyclic group, W1 is a single bond, O, S, N(Ar1), N(T 11 )、C(T 12 )(T 13 ), or Si(T 12 )(T 13 ), W2 is a single bond, O, S, N(Ar2), N(T 21 )、C(T 22 )(T 23 ), or Si(T 22 )(T 23 ), n1 and n2 are each independently 0 or 1, When n1 is 0, *-(W1) n1 -*' does not exist, When n2 is 0, *-(W2) n2 -*' does not exist, The sum of n1 and n2 is 1 or greater, Ar1 and Ar2 are each a group represented by Formula 2, R1 to R 10 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof; or C6-C 60 Aryl: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, or any combination thereof, R 11 To R 13 Each independently is: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, or cyano; or C1-C2 is unsubstituted or substituted as follows 60 Alkyl: deuterium, -F, cyano, or any combination thereof, the * in Formula 2 represents the binding site with Formula 1, Z1 to Z3, T 11 To T 13 , and T 21 To T 23 Each is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -SF5, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q1)(Q2), -Si(Q3)(Q4)(Q5), -Ge(Q3)(Q4)(Q5), -B(Q6)(Q7), -P(=O)(Q8)(Q9), -P(Q8)(Q9), or a group represented by Formula 2, b1 to b3 are each independently an integer from 0 to 10, Z1, Z2, Z3, T 11 , T 12 , T 13 , T 21 , T 22 and T 23 Two or more of are optionally linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C 30 A carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, Substituted C5-C 30 Carbocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkenyl, substituted C2-C 60 Alkynyl, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy, substituted C1-C 60 Alkylthio, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl, substituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio, substituted C1-C 60 The heteroaryl group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, and at least one substituent of the substituted monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group are each independently: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, or C1-C 60 Alkylthio; C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, or C1-C 60 Alkylthio: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 )、-Si(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-Ge(Q 13 )(Q 14 )(Q 15 )、-B(Q 16 )(Q 17 )、-P(=O)(Q 18 )(Q 19 )、-P(Q 18 )(Q 19 ), or any combination thereof; C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amino, amidino, hydrazine, hydrazone, carboxylic acid group or its salt, sulfonic acid group or its salt, phosphoric acid group or its salt, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C1-C 60 Alkylthio, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group, -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 )、-Si(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-Ge(Q 23 )(Q 24 )(Q 25 )、-B(Q 26 )(Q 27 )、-P(=O)(Q 28 )(Q 29 )、-P(Q 28 )(Q 29 ), or any combination thereof; -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-Si(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-Ge(Q 33 )(Q 34 )(Q 35 )、-B(Q 36 )(Q 37 )、-P(=O)(Q 38 )(Q 39 )、 or -P(Q 38 )(Q 39 ); or any combination thereof, and Q1 to Q9, Q 11 To Q 19 , Q 21 To Q 29 , and Q 31 To Q 39 Each is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; or C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 Alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkynyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C1-C 60 Alkylthio, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C6-C 60 Aryloxy, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic group, or monovalent non-aromatic fused heteropolycyclic group: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C6-C 60 aryl, or any combination thereof.

18. A method for evaluating the protection factor of an atom X included in a compound Y, comprising: (a) evaluating A1 by using density functional theory calculation, wherein A1 represents the total area of ​​the surface of a virtual sphere whose radius is the distance between atom X included in compound Y and an atom farthest from atom X among atoms included in compound Y, (b) evaluating A2 by using density functional theory calculation, wherein A2 represents the area of ​​a region M2 in the surface of the virtual sphere, and the region M2 is the area reached by a projection line from atom X without contacting the surface surrounding a virtual compound YE, the virtual compound YE having the same structure as compound Y except that atom X does not exist, and (c) Evaluate 1-(A2 / A1) to calculate the protection factor of atom X.

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