Antenna module configured in vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle comprising: a vehicle glass comprising a transparent region and an opaque region; a transparent dielectric substrate disposed in the transparent region of the vehicle glass; a first region including an antenna on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and a second region including a feed pattern electrically connected to the antenna and a ground conductive pattern. The antenna may include: a first slot formed between a signal pattern and a first ground pattern and configured to radiate a circularly polarized first signal having a first frequency band; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and configured to radiate a circularly polarized second signal having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a transparent antenna configured for a vehicle. The specific embodiments relate to an antenna assembly implemented with a transparent material so that the antenna area cannot be identified on the vehicle glass. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle can perform wireless communication services with other vehicles or surrounding objects, infrastructure or base stations. In this regard, a variety of communication services can be provided by a wireless communication system that applies LTE communication technology or 5G communication technology. On the other hand, a portion of the LTE frequency band can be allocated to provide 5G communication services. In addition, a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna that performs satellite communication can be configured on the vehicle.

[0003] On the other hand, since the vehicle body and the roof are formed of metal materials, there is a problem of blocking radio waves. Therefore, an additional antenna structure can be arranged on the upper part of the vehicle body or the roof. Alternatively, when the antenna structure is arranged on the lower part of the vehicle body or the roof, the part of the vehicle body or the roof corresponding to the antenna arrangement area can be formed of a non-metallic material.

[0004] However, from the design point of view, the vehicle body or the roof needs to be formed in one piece. In this case, the appearance of the vehicle body or the roof may be formed of a metal material. Therefore, there is a problem that the vehicle body or the roof may cause the antenna efficiency to be greatly reduced.

[0005] In this regard, in order to increase the communication capacity without changing the exterior design of the vehicle, the transparent antenna can be placed on the glass equivalent to the window of the vehicle. However, there is a problem that the electrical loss of the transparent material antenna deteriorates the antenna radiation efficiency and impedance bandwidth characteristics. In addition, when the transparent antenna is placed on the glass panel of the vehicle, there is a problem that the antenna radiation efficiency may decrease due to the loss on the glass panel under frequency conditions above 2GHz.

[0006] In order to perform wireless communication in a vehicle, it is necessary to form an antenna radiation pattern in a low elevation area within a specified angle range based on the horizontal plane of the vehicle. On the other hand, a GNSS antenna needs to form a radiation pattern toward the roof of the vehicle to perform satellite communication. Therefore, unlike an antenna that performs wireless communication, the radiation pattern of a GNSS antenna needs to be formed in a vertical direction rather than a horizontal direction. Summary of the invention

[0007] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] The purpose of this specification is to solve the above-mentioned problems and other problems. In addition, another purpose of this specification is to provide a vehicle GNSS antenna that can be configured on a vehicle glass.

[0009] Another purpose of the present specification is to form a radiation pattern of a vehicle GNSS antenna toward a ceiling of the vehicle.

[0010] Another purpose of this specification is to enable a GNSS antenna disposed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass to operate in dual frequency bands.

[0011] Another purpose of this specification is to improve the circular polarization characteristics of a GNSS antenna configured in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass in a dual-band.

[0012] Another object of the present specification is to implement a GNSS antenna operating in dual frequency bands with circular polarization on a single layer.

[0013] Another object of the present specification is to minimize the change in antenna characteristics caused by vehicle glass when a GNSS antenna implemented as a transparent antenna is attached to the vehicle glass.

[0014] Another object of the present specification is to improve the invisibility of an antenna pattern when a GNSS antenna implemented by a transparent antenna is attached to a vehicle glass so that the antenna pattern cannot be distinguished by naked eyes.

[0015] Another purpose of this specification is to propose a GNSS antenna technology that can utilize transparent materials to reduce the influence of vehicle glass and can perform satellite communication through dual-band circular polarization operation with a single-layer structure.

[0016] Technical solutions to the problem

[0017] A vehicle in one aspect of the present specification for achieving the above or other purposes includes: vehicle glass including a transparent region and an opaque region; a transparent dielectric substrate disposed on the transparent region of the vehicle glass; a first region including an antenna on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; and a second region including a feed pattern and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to the antenna. The antenna may include: a first slot formed between a signal pattern and a first ground pattern, configured to radiate a first signal with circular polarization in a first frequency band; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern, configured to radiate a second signal with circular polarization in a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band.

[0018] In an embodiment, the antenna may further include: a signal pattern connected to the feed pattern of the second region; a first ground pattern connected to the ground conductive pattern of the second region; and a second ground pattern connected to or separated from the ground conductive pattern of the second region, surrounding the first ground pattern. The length of the second slot formed inside the second ground pattern may be formed in the range between 3 / 4 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the second frequency band and one wavelength. The second ground pattern may be formed to surround the first ground pattern. Thus, the first signal radiated by the first slot can be prevented from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and the radiation patterns of the first signal and the second signal can be formed toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle.

[0019] In an embodiment, at least a portion of an outer boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape. A diameter of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency in the first frequency band.

[0020] In an embodiment, a first portion of an inner side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape. A second portion of an inner side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a straight line along one axis direction and another axis direction. The first ground pattern may be formed along the one axis direction with a first width and a second width narrower than the first width.

[0021] In an embodiment, the width of the second ground pattern in one axis direction may be formed in a range between 11 mm and 14 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the first signal and the second signal having circular polarization may be kept below a critical value.

[0022] In an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may include: a first portion connected to the first ground pattern and having an upper area and a lower area; a second portion connected to the first ground pattern and having an upper area and a lower area, the feeding pattern being formed between the first portion and the second portion of the ground conductive pattern; a third portion connected to the lower area of ​​the first portion of the ground conductive pattern and separated from the upper area of ​​the first portion; and a fourth portion connected to the lower area of ​​the second portion of the ground conductive pattern and separated from the upper area of ​​the second portion.

[0023] In an embodiment, the width of the third portion separated from the upper region of the first portion and the fourth portion separated from the upper region of the second portion of the ground conductive pattern may be formed in a range between 2 mm and 6 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the first signal and the second signal having circular polarization can be maintained below a critical value.

[0024] In an embodiment, the grounding conductive pattern may also include: a fifth part, one end of which is connected to the third part of the grounding conductive pattern and the other end is connected to the second grounding pattern; and a sixth part, one end of which is connected to the fourth part of the grounding conductive pattern and the other end is connected to the second grounding pattern.

[0025] In an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may further include: a fifth portion, one end of which is connected to the third portion of the ground conductive pattern and the other end of which is separated from the second ground pattern by a first gap; and a sixth portion, one end of which is connected to the fourth portion of the ground conductive pattern and the other end of which is separated from the second ground pattern by a first gap. The first gap is formed to be less than 1.5 mm, thereby being able to keep the axial ratio of the second circularly polarized signal having the second frequency band below a critical value.

[0026] In an embodiment, the second gap interval between the inner boundary of the second ground pattern and the outer boundary of the first ground pattern can be formed in a range between 3 mm and 6 mm. The second ground pattern having the second gap interval can prevent the first signal radiated by the first slot from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and the axial ratio of the second signal having the circular polarization in the second frequency band can be kept below a critical value.

[0027] In an embodiment, an outer side border of an upper region of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape, and an inner side border and an outer side border of a portion of an upper region and a side region of the second ground pattern may be formed in a straight line form.

[0028] In an embodiment, the outer side border of the upper region of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape. The outer side borders of the upper region and the side region of the second ground pattern may be formed in a straight line or in a circular shape in the first region.

[0029] In an embodiment, the second ground pattern may include: a first sub-pattern connected to or separated from the first ground conductive pattern by a first gap; a second sub-pattern connected to or separated from the first ground conductive pattern by a first gap; and a third sub-pattern separated from an end of the first sub-pattern and an end of the second sub-pattern by a specified gap to form an upper area of ​​the second ground pattern.

[0030] In an embodiment, the signal pattern, the first ground pattern, and the second ground pattern may be formed on the transparent dielectric substrate in a metal mesh shape having inner areas connected to each other and having a plurality of opening areas at inner and outer boundaries. The signal pattern, the first ground pattern, and the second ground pattern may be formed on the transparent dielectric substrate in a coplanar waveguide structure.

[0031] In an embodiment, the antenna assembly formed in the first area and the second area may include a plurality of virtual grid patterns, and the plurality of virtual grid patterns are configured on the outer portion of the metal mesh-shaped conductive pattern on the transparent dielectric substrate. The plurality of virtual grid patterns may be formed not to be connected to the feed pattern and the ground conductive pattern. The plurality of virtual grid patterns may be separated from each other.

[0032] In an embodiment, the virtual grid pattern may include: a first virtual grid pattern, configured in the first groove as the outer portion of the signal pattern, the first virtual grid pattern being separated from each other along one axis direction and another axis direction and being separated from the boundary between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern; and a second virtual grid pattern, configured in the second groove as the outer portion of the first ground pattern, the second virtual grid pattern being separated from each other along one axis direction and another axis direction and being separated from the boundary between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern.

[0033] Another vehicle of the present specification includes: a glass panel including a transparent area and an opaque area; and an antenna assembly, which is arranged on the glass panel. The antenna assembly may include: a first transparent dielectric substrate, which is arranged in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; an antenna pattern, which is arranged in a first area on a side surface of the first transparent dielectric substrate, and the first area on a side surface of the first transparent dielectric substrate is arranged in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; a connection pattern, which is connected to the antenna pattern and is arranged in the second area on a side surface of the first transparent dielectric substrate, and the second area on a side surface of the first transparent dielectric substrate is arranged in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel; a second dielectric substrate, which is arranged in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel; and a ground conductive pattern and a feed pattern, which are arranged in a second area on a side surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0034] In an embodiment, the antenna pattern may include: a signal pattern connected to the feed pattern of the second area; a first ground pattern connected to the ground conductive pattern of the second area; a first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern, configured to radiate a first signal with circular polarization having a first frequency band; a second ground pattern connected to the ground conductive pattern of the second area, surrounding the first ground pattern; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern, configured to radiate a second signal with circular polarization having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band.

[0035] In an embodiment, the length of the second groove formed inside the second ground pattern may be formed in a range between 3 / 4 of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency in the second frequency band and one wavelength. The second ground pattern may be formed to surround the first ground pattern. Thus, the first signal radiated from the first groove can be prevented from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and the radiation patterns of the first signal and the second signal can be formed toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle.

[0036] In an embodiment, at least a portion of the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape. The diameter of the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the first frequency band. The first portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a circular shape, and the second portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a straight line along one axis direction and another axis direction. The first ground pattern may be formed along the one axis direction with a first width and a second width narrower than the first width.

[0037] In an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may include: a first portion connected to the first ground pattern and having an upper region and a lower region; a second portion connected to the second ground pattern and having an upper region and a lower region, the feeding pattern being formed between the first portion and the second portion of the ground conductive pattern; a third portion connected to the lower region of the first portion of the ground conductive pattern and separated from the upper region of the first portion; and a fourth portion connected to the lower region of the second portion of the ground conductive pattern and separated from the upper region of the second portion. The width of the third portion separated from the upper region of the first portion and the fourth portion separated from the upper region of the second region of the conductive pattern may be formed within a range between 2 mm and 6 mm.

[0038] In an embodiment, the ground conductive pattern may further include: a fifth portion, one end of which is connected to the third portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is connected to the second ground pattern or separated by a first gap; and a sixth portion, one end of which is connected to the fourth portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is connected to the second ground pattern or separated by a first gap. The first gap may be formed in a range between 1.5 mm and 4.5 mm.

[0039] In an embodiment, the width of the second conductive pattern in one axis direction may be formed in a range between 11 mm and 14 mm. The second gap interval between the inner side boundary of the second ground pattern and the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern may be formed in a range between 3 mm and 6 mm.

[0040] Effects of the Invention

[0041] Next, the technical effects of the transparent antenna disposed in the vehicle as described above will be described.

[0042] According to the present specification, a GNSS antenna disposed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass is formed with a double-slot structure, so that the GNSS antenna can operate in dual frequency bands.

[0043] According to the present specification, the circular polarization characteristics of a GNSS antenna disposed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass can be improved in dual frequency bands by optimizing the double groove structure and the conductive pattern.

[0044] According to the present specification, a conductive pattern operating as a radiator and a ground conductive pattern as a GNSS antenna operating in a dual-band with circular polarization can be implemented on a single layer.

[0045] According to this specification, when a GNSS antenna implemented by a transparent antenna is attached to a vehicle glass, a transparent substrate is arranged on the transparent substrate of the vehicle glass, and an opaque substrate is arranged on the opaque area of ​​the vehicle glass, thereby minimizing changes in antenna characteristics caused by the vehicle glass.

[0046] According to the present specification, when a GNSS antenna implemented by a transparent antenna is attached to a vehicle glass, invisibility can be improved by a virtual metal mesh structure so that an antenna pattern cannot be distinguished by naked eyes.

[0047] According to the present specification, it is possible to provide a GNSS antenna structure having a structure capable of reducing the influence of vehicle glass using a transparent material and capable of performing satellite communication through a dual-band circular polarization operation in a single-layer structure.

[0048] The following detailed description will further clarify the scope of the additional application of this specification. However, since a person skilled in the art can clearly understand the various changes and modifications within the concept and scope of the present invention, it should be understood that the specific embodiments of the preferred embodiments described in detail and this specification are only examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing glass of a vehicle on which an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present specification can be arranged.

[0050] Figure 2a Indicated in Figure 1 A front view of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are arranged at different areas of the front glass of the vehicle.

[0051] Figure 2b Indicated in Figure 1 A perspective view of the interior front of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are configured at different areas of a front glass of the vehicle.

[0052] Figure 2c Indicated in Figure 1 A side perspective view of a vehicle with an antenna assembly configured on an upper glass of the vehicle.

[0053] Figure 3 Indicates the type of V2X application.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a block diagram for explaining a vehicle and an antenna system mounted on the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0055] Figure 5a to Figure 5c This specification shows a configuration in which the antenna assembly is disposed on a vehicle glass.

[0056] Figure 6a Various embodiments of the frit pattern of this specification are shown. Figure 6b and Figure 6c A transparent antenna pattern according to an embodiment and a structure in which the transparent antenna pattern is arranged on vehicle glass are shown.

[0057] Figure 7a Shows the front view and cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna assembly of this specification. Figure 7b It is a diagram showing the mesh structure of the metal mesh radiator area and the virtual metal mesh area according to the embodiment.

[0058] Figure 8a Represents the layered structure of the antenna module and the feeding module. Figure 8b It represents a layered structure in which an antenna module and a feeding structure are combined and an opaque substrate including a combined portion.

[0059] Figure 9aThe figure shows the bonding structure of the transparent antenna disposed in the transparent area and the frit area of ​​the vehicle glass.

[0060] Figure 9b It will form Figure 9a A magnified front view of the area where the transparent antenna glass is combined with the main structure of the vehicle. Fig.9c Indicates observation from different positions Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the combined structure of vehicle glass and main structure.

[0061] Fig.10 2 is a diagram showing a stacked structure of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment and attachment areas to a vehicle glass and a vehicle frame.

[0062] Fig.11a Indicates multiple frequency bands related to vehicle GNSS antennas. Fig.11b Indicates the polarization characteristics related to vehicle GNSS antennas.

[0063] Fig.12a and Figure 12b The following shows the arrangement structure of the vehicle GNSS antenna that can be formed at different positions of the vehicle glass according to the embodiment.

[0064] Fig.13a and Fig.13b This shows the structure of a vehicle GNSS antenna in this specification.

[0065] Fig.14a express Fig.13a An embodiment in which a portion of an inner area of ​​the second ground pattern of the antenna assembly is changed.

[0066] Fig.14b express Fig.14a Electric field distribution of the antenna assembly under the first frequency band and the second frequency band conditions.

[0067] Fig.15a and Fig.15b The figure compares the radiation patterns of the antennas under the first frequency band condition according to whether or not the second ground pattern is provided.

[0068] Fig.15c FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a radiation pattern under a second frequency band condition of an antenna formed with a second ground pattern.

[0069] Fig.16a This is a diagram showing the axial ratio under various frequency conditions depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided.

[0070] Fig.16b and Fig.16c This is a diagram showing gain characteristics at various angles under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided.

[0071] Fig.17a and Fig.17b This is a diagram comparing antenna gain characteristics under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band according to whether or not the second ground pattern is provided.

[0072] Figures 18a to 18c It means in Fig.13a A diagram showing an axial ratio as a circular polarization performance that changes according to the vertical / horizontal width of the second ground pattern and the gap interval with the first conductive pattern in the antenna structure of FIG.

[0073] Figures 19a to 19c It means in Fig.13b A graph of the axial ratio as a circular polarization performance that changes according to the vertical width of the second ground pattern, the gap interval with the first conductive pattern, and the gap interval with the ground conductive pattern in the antenna structure.

[0074] Fig.20a and Fig.20b FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration in which at least a portion of the second ground pattern according to the embodiment is cut.

[0075] Fig.21a and Figure 21b The diagrams show the configurations of the second ground pattern according to the embodiment in various forms, such as a quadrilateral, a circle, and a curve.

[0076] Fig. 22 express Fig.13a and Fig.13b The antenna component is a structure realized by a metal mesh shape and a virtual grid pattern.

[0077] Fig.23a express Fig.13a and Fig.13b The stacked structure of the antenna assembly.

[0078] Figure 23b Indicates that Fig.13a or Fig.13b The process of combining the antenna component with the glass panel.

[0079] Fig.23c express Fig.13a or Fig.13b A process flow chart of a structure in which the feeding structure of the antenna assembly is configured in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel.

[0080] Fig.24 This shows a configuration in which a plurality of antenna modules disposed at different positions of the vehicle of this specification are combined with other components of the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The embodiments disclosed in this specification are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the same or similar constituent elements are given the same figure marks regardless of the figure numbers, and repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. The suffixes "module" and "unit" used in the following description for the constituent elements are only given or mixed for the convenience of writing the specification, and they themselves do not have mutually distinguishing meanings or functions. In addition, in the process of describing the embodiments disclosed in this specification, if it is determined that the specific description of the relevant known technology will cause confusion with the gist of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the attached drawings are only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical ideas disclosed in this specification should not be limited by the attached drawings, but should be understood as covering all changes, equivalents and even substitutes included in the ideas and technical scope of the present invention.

[0082] Terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one component from other components.

[0083] If a certain component is mentioned as being "connected" or "linked" to another component, it may be directly connected or linked to the other component, but it can also be understood that there are other components between them. Conversely, if a certain component is mentioned as being "directly connected" or "directly linked" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components between them.

[0084] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, expressions in the singular shall include expressions in the plural.

[0085] In the present application, terms such as "including" or "having" are only used to specify the existence of features, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or their combinations recorded in the specification, and are not intended to preclude the possibility of the existence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, parts or their combinations.

[0086] The antenna system described in this specification can be mounted on a vehicle. The configuration and operation of the embodiments described in this specification can also be applied to a communication system, i.e., an antenna system, mounted on a vehicle. In this regard, the antenna system mounted on a vehicle may include a plurality of antennas and a transceiver circuit and a processor for controlling the plurality of antennas.

[0087] Hereinafter, an antenna assembly (antenna module) that can be placed on a vehicle window and a vehicle antenna system including the antenna assembly are described. Herein, the antenna assembly refers to a structure in which a conductive pattern is bonded to a dielectric substrate, and may also be referred to as an antenna module.

[0088] Regarding this, Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a glass of a vehicle on which an antenna structure can be arranged according to an embodiment of the present specification. Figure 1 The vehicle 500 may include a front glass 310, a door glass 320, a rear glass 330, and a corner window glass 340. On the other hand, the vehicle 500 may further include an upper glass 350 formed at a roof in an upper region.

[0089] Therefore, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may include a front glass 310 arranged in the front area of ​​the vehicle, a door glass 320 arranged in the door area of ​​the vehicle, and a rear glass 330 arranged in the rear area of ​​the vehicle. On the other hand, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also include a corner window glass 340 arranged in a part of the door area of ​​the vehicle. In addition, the glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also include an upper glass 350, which is separated from the rear glass 330 and is arranged in the upper area of ​​the vehicle. Therefore, each glass constituting the window of the vehicle 500 may also be referred to as a window.

[0090] The front glass 310 prevents the wind from the front direction from blowing into the interior of the vehicle, and thus can be called a front windshield. The front glass 310 can be formed in a double-layer joint structure with a thickness of about 5.0 to 5.5 mm. The front glass 310 can be formed in a joint structure of glass / anti-shatter film / glass.

[0091] The door glass 320 may be formed of a double-layered joint structure or a single-layered compressed glass. The rear glass 330 may be formed of a double-layered joint structure or a single-layered compressed glass having a thickness of about 3.5 to 5.5 mm. In the rear glass 330, a distance is required between the hot wire, the AM / FM antenna, and the transparent antenna. The corner window glass 340 may be formed of a single-layered compressed glass having a thickness of about 3.5 to 4.0 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0092] The size of the corner window glass 340 varies according to the type of vehicle, and the size of the corner window glass 340 may be smaller than the size of the front glass 310 and the size of the rear glass 330 .

[0093] Hereinafter, the structure in which the antenna assembly of this specification is arranged in different regions of the front glass of the vehicle will be described. The antenna assembly attached to the vehicle glass can be implemented as a transparent antenna. Figure 2a Indicated in Figure 1A front view of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are arranged at different areas of the front glass of the vehicle. Figure 2b Indicated in Figure 1 A perspective view of the interior front of a vehicle in which antenna assemblies are configured at different areas of a front glass of the vehicle. Figure 2c Indicated in Figure 1 A side perspective view of a vehicle with an antenna assembly configured on an upper glass of the vehicle.

[0094] Reference Figure 2a , the front view of the vehicle 500 represents the configuration of the transparent antenna for the vehicle of the present specification that can be configured. The window glass assembly (pane assembly) 22 may include an antenna in the upper area 310a. The window glass assembly 22 may include an antenna in the upper area 310a, an antenna in the lower area 310b and / or an antenna in the side area 310c. In addition, the window glass assembly 22 may include a translucent pane glass 26 formed by a dielectric substrate. The antenna in the upper area 310a, the antenna in the lower area 310b and / or the antenna in the side area 310c are configured to support at least one of various communication systems.

[0095] The antenna module 1100 can be implemented in the upper area 310a, or the lower area 310b or the side area 310c of the front glass 310. In the case where the antenna module 1100 is configured in the lower area 310b of the front glass 310, the antenna module 1100 can be extended to the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26. The main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26 can be implemented to have lower transparency than other parts. In the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26, a part of the feed part or other interface lines can be implemented. The connector assembly 74 can be implemented in the main body 49 of the lower area of ​​the translucent window glass 26. The main body 49 of the lower area can constitute a vehicle body of a metal material.

[0096] Reference Figure 2b The antenna assembly 1000 may include a telematics control unit (TCU) 300 and an antenna module 1100. The antenna module 1100 may be disposed in different regions of the vehicle glass.

[0097] Reference Figure 2a and Figure 2b , the upper area 310a, the lower area 310b and / or the side area 310c of the vehicle glass may be configured with an antenna assembly. Figure 2a to Figure 2c Antenna assemblies may be disposed on the front glass 310 , the rear glass 330 , the corner window glass 340 , and the upper glass 350 of the vehicle.

[0098] Reference Figure 2a to Figure 2c , the antenna in the upper area 310a of the front glass 310 of the vehicle can be configured to operate in the LB (low band), MB (mid band), HB (high band) and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. The antenna in the lower area 310b and / or the antenna in the side area 310c can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the rear glass 330 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100b can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the upper glass 350 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100c can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system. In the corner window glass 350 of the vehicle, the antenna structure 1100d can also be configured to operate in the LB, MB, HB and 5G Sub6 bands of the 4G / 5G communication system.

[0099] At least a portion of the outer contour area of ​​the front glass 310 of the vehicle may be formed by the translucent window glass 26. The translucent window glass 26 may include: a first portion, formed with a portion of the antenna and the feeder; and a second portion, formed with a portion of the feeder and a dummy structure. In addition, the translucent window glass 26 may also include a dummy area where no conductive pattern is formed. As an example, the transparent area of ​​the window glass assembly 22 may be formed to be transparent to ensure light transmission and field of view.

[0100] Although the conductive pattern is illustrated as being formed on a portion of the front glass 310, it can be extended to being formed on Figure 1 The side glass 320, the rear glass 330 and any other glass structures of the vehicle 500 can be seen by the passenger or driver through the window glass assembly 22. In addition, the passenger or driver can see the road and the surrounding environment without being blocked by the antenna of the upper area 310a, the antenna of the lower area 310b and / or the antenna of the side area 310c.

[0101] Vehicle 500 may be configured to communicate with pedestrians, surrounding infrastructure and / or servers in addition to surrounding vehicles. Figure 3 Indicates the type of V2X application. Figure 3V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication includes V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) which refers to the communication between vehicles, V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) which refers to the communication between vehicles and eNB or RSU (Road Side Unit), V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian) which refers to the communication between vehicles and terminals carried by individuals (pedestrians, cyclists, vehicle drivers or passengers), V2N (vehicle-to-network), and other communications between vehicles and all individuals.

[0102] on the other hand, Figure 4 This is a block diagram for explaining a vehicle and an antenna system mounted on the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present specification.

[0103] The vehicle 500 may include a communication device 400 and a processor 570. The communication device 400 may correspond to a telematics control unit of the vehicle 500.

[0104] The communication device 400 is a device for performing communication with an external device. Here, the external device may be another vehicle, a mobile terminal or a server. In order to perform communication, the communication device 400 may include at least one of a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit and an RF element capable of implementing various communication protocols. The communication device 400 may include a short-range communication unit 410, a location information unit 420, a V2X communication unit 430, an optical communication unit 440, a 4G wireless communication module 450 and a 5G wireless communication module 460. The communication device 400 may include a processor 470. According to an embodiment, the communication device 400 may also include other constituent elements in addition to the described constituent elements, or may not include a part of the described constituent elements.

[0105] The 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can perform wireless communication with more than one communication system through one or more antenna modules. The 4G wireless communication module 450 can send and / or receive signals with a device in the first communication system through a first antenna module. In addition, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can send and / or receive signals with a device in the second communication system through a second antenna module. The 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can also be physically implemented as an integrated communication module. Here, the first communication system can be an LTE communication system, and the second communication system can be a 5G communication system. However, the first communication system and the second communication system are not limited to this, and can be extended to any communication system that is different from each other.

[0106] The processor of the device in the vehicle 500 can be implemented by an MCU (Micro Control Unit) or a modem. The processor 470 of the communication device 400 is equivalent to a modem, and the processor 470 can be implemented as an integrated modem. The processor 470 can obtain surrounding information from other surrounding vehicles, objects, or infrastructure through wireless communication. The processor 470 can use the acquired surrounding information to perform vehicle control.

[0107] The processor 570 of the vehicle 500 may be a processor of a CAN (Car Area Network) or an ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System), but is not limited thereto. When the vehicle 500 is implemented in a distributed control manner, the processor 570 of the vehicle 500 may be replaced by a processor of each device.

[0108] On the other hand, the antenna module configured inside the vehicle 500 may include a wireless communication unit. The 4G wireless communication module 450 can transmit and receive 4G signals with a 4G base station through a 4G mobile communication network. At this time, the 4G wireless communication module 450 can transmit more than one 4G transmission signal to the 4G base station. In addition, the 4G wireless communication module 450 can receive more than one 4G reception signal from the 4G base station. In this regard, uplink (UL: Up-Link) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO: Multi-Input Multi-Output) can be performed by transmitting a plurality of 4G transmission signals to the 4G base station. In addition, downlink (DL: Down-Link) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO: Multi-Input Multi-Output) can be performed by receiving a plurality of 4G reception signals from the 4G base station.

[0109] The 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit and receive 5G signals with the 5G base station through the 5G mobile communication network. Here, the 4G base station and the 5G base station can be non-independent (NSA: Non-Stand-Alone) structures. For example, the 4G base station and the 5G base station can be configured as a non-independent (NSA: Non Stand-Alone) structure. Alternatively, the 5G base station can be configured as an independent (SA: Stand-Alone) structure at a location different from the 4G base station. The 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit and receive 5G signals with the 5G base station through the 5G mobile communication network. At this time, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can transmit more than one 5G transmission signal to the 5G base station. In addition, the 5G wireless communication module 460 can receive more than one 5G reception signal from the 5G base station. At this time, the 5G frequency band can use the same frequency band as the 4G frequency band, and it is called LTE reconfiguration (re-farming). On the other hand, as a 5G frequency band, the Sub6 frequency band, which is a frequency band below 6GHz, can be used. On the contrary, in order to perform broadband high-speed communication, the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band can be used as the 5G frequency band. In the case of using the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band, electronic devices can perform beam forming to expand the communication coverage with the base station.

[0110] On the other hand, regardless of the 5G frequency band, in order to increase the transmission speed, a larger number of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) can be supported in the 5G communication system. In this regard, uplink (UL: Up-Link) MIMO can be performed by transmitting a plurality of 5G transmission signals to a 5G base station. In addition, downlink (DL: Down-Link) MIMO can be performed by receiving a plurality of 5G reception signals from a 5G base station.

[0111] On the other hand, through the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460, it is possible to be in a dual connection (DC: Dual Connectivity) state with the 4G base station and the 5G base station. The dual connection with the 4G base station and the 5G base station as described above may be referred to as EN-DC (EUTRAN NR DC). On the other hand, if the 4G base station and the 5G base station are co-located structures, the throughput can be improved by heterogeneous carrier aggregation (inter-CA (Carrier Aggregation)). Therefore, if the 4G base station and the 5G base station are in the EN-DC state, the 4G reception signal and the 5G reception signal can be received simultaneously by the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460. On the other hand, the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 can be used to perform close range communication between electronic devices (e.g., vehicles). In one embodiment, wireless communication can be performed in a V2V manner between vehicles without via a base station after resources are allocated.

[0112] On the other hand, in order to improve the transmission speed and converge the communication system, at least one of the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the 5G wireless communication module 460 and the Wi-Fi (Wireless High Fidelity) communication module 113 may be used to perform carrier aggregation (CA). In this regard, 4G+WiFi carrier aggregation (CA) may be performed using the 4G wireless communication module 450 and the Wi-Fi communication module 113. Alternatively, 5G+WiFi carrier aggregation (CA) may be performed using the 5G wireless communication module 460 and the Wi-Fi communication module.

[0113] On the other hand, the communication device 400 may realize a vehicle display device together with the user interface device. In this case, the vehicle display device may be named a telematics device or an AVN (Audio Video Navigation) device.

[0114] On the other hand, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by a single dielectric substrate on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented with a structure in which grounding is formed on both sides of the radiator, thereby forming a broadband structure.

[0115] The following describes the antenna components related to the broadband transparent antenna structure of this specification. Figure 5a to Figure 5c This shows the configuration in which the antenna assembly of this specification is disposed on the vehicle glass. Figure 5a, the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The first dielectric substrate 1010a may be implemented as a transparent substrate, and thus may be referred to as a transparent substrate 1010a. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be implemented as an opaque substrate 1010b.

[0116] The glass panel 310 may include a transparent glass region 311 and an opaque region 312. The opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310 may be a frit region formed by a frit layer. The opaque region 312 may be formed to surround the transparent region 311. The opaque region 312 may be formed in an outer region of the transparent region 311. The opaque region 312 may form a boundary region of the glass panel 310.

[0117] The signal pattern formed on the dielectric substrate 1010 can be connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 through a connector component 313 such as a coaxial cable. The telematics control unit (TCU) 300 can be configured inside the vehicle, but is not limited thereto. The telematics control unit (TCU) 300 can be configured in the dashboard inside the vehicle or in the roof area inside the vehicle, but is not limited thereto.

[0118] Figure 5b The antenna assembly 1000 is shown as being disposed in a partial region of the glass panel 310 . Figure 5c The structure in which the antenna assembly 1000 is arranged over the entire area of ​​the glass panel 310 is shown.

[0119] Reference Figure 5b and Figure 5c, the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The opaque area 312 is a non-visible area whose transparency is below a specified level, and may be referred to as a frit area, or a BP (Black Printing) area, or a BM (Black Matrix) area. The opaque area 312, which is equivalent to the opaque area, may be formed to surround the transparent area 311. The opaque area 312 may be formed in an outer area of ​​the transparent area 311. The opaque area 312 may form a boundary area of ​​the glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b or hot wire pads 360a, 360b, which is equivalent to a feed substrate, may be arranged in the opaque area 312. The second dielectric substrate 1010b arranged in the opaque area 312 may be referred to as an opaque substrate. As Figure 5c As shown, when the antenna assembly 1000 is disposed on the entire area of ​​the glass panel 310 , the heat wire pads 360 a and 360 b may also be disposed in the opaque area 312 .

[0120] Reference Figure 5b , the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. Figure 5b and Figure 5c , the antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 formed by a conductive pattern and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The antenna module 1100 may be formed by a transparent electrode portion and implemented as a transparent antenna module. The antenna module 1100 may be implemented by more than one antenna element. The antenna module 1100 may include a MIMO antenna and / or other antenna elements for wireless communication. Other antenna elements may include at least one of GNSS / radio / broadcast / WiFi / satellite communication / UWB (ultra-wideband), RKE (Remote Keyless Entry) antennas for vehicle applications.

[0121] Reference Figure 5a to Figure 5c , the antenna assembly 1000 can be connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 through the connector component 313. The connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the TCU300 by forming a connector 313c at the end of the cable. The signal pattern of the second dielectric substrate 1010b formed on the antenna assembly 1000 can be connected to the TCU300 using the connector component 313 such as a coaxial cable. Through the connector component 313, the antenna module 1100 can be electrically connected to the TCU300. The TCU300 can be configured inside the vehicle, but is not limited to this. The TCU300 can be configured on the dashboard inside the vehicle or the roof area inside the vehicle, but is not limited to this.

[0122] On the other hand, when the transparent antenna assembly of the present specification is attached to the inside or surface of the glass panel 310 , the transparent electrode portion including the antenna pattern and the dummy pattern may be disposed in the transparent region 311 . Conversely, the opaque substrate portion may be disposed in the opaque region 312 .

[0123] The antenna assembly formed on the vehicle glass of the present specification can be configured in the transparent area and the opaque area. In this regard, Figure 6a Various embodiments of the frit pattern of this specification are shown. Figure 6b and Figure 6c The transparent antenna pattern of the embodiment and the structure in which the transparent antenna pattern is arranged on the vehicle glass are shown.

[0124] Reference Figure 6a (a), the frit pattern 312a can be formed as a metal pattern in a circular (or polygonal, elliptical) shape with a specified diameter. The frit pattern 312a can be configured in a two-dimensional structure along two axial directions. The frit pattern 312a can be formed in an offset structure in which the center points between the patterns forming adjacent rows are separated by a specified interval.

[0125] Reference Figure 6a In (b), the frit pattern 312b may be formed in a rectangular pattern in one axis direction. The frit pattern 312c may be configured in a one-dimensional structure along one axis direction or in a two-dimensional structure along two axis directions.

[0126] Reference Figure 6a (c), the frit pattern 312c may be formed as a groove pattern in which the metal pattern is removed in a circular (or polygonal, elliptical) shape having a prescribed diameter. The frit pattern 312b may be configured in a two-dimensional structure along two axial directions. The frit pattern 312c may be formed in an offset structure in which the center points between the patterns forming adjacent rows are separated by a prescribed interval.

[0127] Reference Figures 5a to 6c In the opaque region 312, the opaque substrate 1010b and the transparent substrate 1010a may be electrically connected. In this regard, in order to make the transparent antenna pattern invisible, a dummy pattern that is electrically very small and below a specified size may be arranged around the antenna pattern. Thus, the pattern in the transparent electrode cannot be distinguished by the naked eye without deteriorating the antenna performance. The dummy pattern may be designed to have a light transmittance similar to that of the antenna pattern within a specified range.

[0128] The transparent antenna assembly including the opaque substrate 1010b bonded to the transparent electrode portion can be mounted on the glass panel 310. In this regard, in order to ensure invisibility, the opaque substrate 1010b connected to the RF connector or the coaxial cable is arranged in the opaque region 312 of the vehicle glass. On the other hand, the transparent electrode portion is arranged in the transparent region 311 of the vehicle glass, thereby ensuring the invisibility of the antenna outside the vehicle glass.

[0129] A portion of the transparent electrode portion may be attached to the opaque region 312 as appropriate. The frit pattern of the opaque region 312 may be formed to form a gradient from the opaque region 312 to the transparent region 311. If the transmittance of the frit pattern and the transmittance of the transparent electrode portion are made consistent within a specified range, the transmission efficiency of the transmission line can be improved while improving the invisibility of the antenna. On the other hand, a metal mesh shape similar to the frit pattern can be used to ensure invisibility while reducing sheet resistance. In addition, by increasing the line width of the metal mesh in the area connected to the opaque substrate 1010b, the risk of disconnection of the transparent electrode layer during manufacturing and assembly can be reduced.

[0130] Reference Figure 6a (a) and Figure 6b , the conductive pattern 1110 of the antenna module may be composed of a metal grid of the same line width in the opaque region 312. The conductive pattern 1110 may include a connection pattern 1110c connecting the transparent substrate 1010a and the opaque substrate 1010b. In the opaque region 312, a frit pattern of a specified shape may be arranged at a specified interval and formed on the connection pattern 1110c and both sides of the connection pattern 1110c. The connection pattern 1110c may include a first transmittance portion 1111c formed with a first transmittance and a second transmittance portion 1112c formed with a second transmittance.

[0131] In the frit pattern 312a formed in the opaque region 312, metal grids of a predetermined diameter may be arranged along one axis and another axis. The metal grids of the frit pattern 312a may be arranged at intersections of the metal grids with the second transmittance portions 1112c of the connection pattern 1110c.

[0132] Reference Figure 6a (b) and Figure 6b In the frit pattern 312b formed in the opaque region 312, the groove grids of the prescribed diameter in which the metal region is removed can be arranged along one axis direction and another axis direction. The groove grids of the frit pattern 312b can be arranged between the metal grids in the connection pattern 1110c. Thus, the metal region of the frit pattern 312b without the groove grids can be arranged at the intersection of the metal grids.

[0133] Reference Figure 6aand Figure 6c , the connection pattern 1110c may be formed of a metal mesh having a first line width W1 in a first transmittance portion 1111c adjacent to the transparent region 311. The connection pattern 1110c may be formed of a second line width W2 thicker than the first line width W1 in a second transmittance portion 1112c adjacent to the opaque substrate 1010b. In this regard, the first transparency of the first transmittance portion 1111c may be set to be higher than the second transparency of the second transmittance portion 1112c.

[0134] like Figure 5a to Figure 5c When the transparent antenna assembly is attached to the inside of the vehicle glass, the transparent electrode portion can be arranged in the transparent region 311, and the opaque substrate 1010b can be arranged in the opaque region 312. In this regard, the transparent electrode portion can be arranged in the opaque region 312 according to the situation.

[0135] A portion of the metal pattern of the low-transmittance pattern electrode portion and the high-transmittance pattern electrode portion located in the opaque region 312 can be arranged in the gradient region of the opaque region 312. In the case where the transmission line portion in the antenna pattern and the low-transmittance pattern electrode is composed of a transparent electrode, a gain drop may occur due to a decrease in transmission efficiency caused by an increase in sheet resistance. As a solution to improve this gain drop, the transmittance of the frit pattern 312 where the electrode is located and the transmittance of the transparent electrode can be made consistent within a specified range.

[0136] By increasing the line width of the transparent electrode in the region with low transmittance in the frit patterns 312a, 312b, 312c or adding the same shape as the frit patterns 312a, 312b, 312c, a lower sheet resistance can be achieved. This can solve the problem of reduced transmission efficiency while ensuring invisibility. The transmittance and pattern of the opaque region 312 are not limited to Figure 6a The structure of the transmission line may vary depending on the glass manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. Therefore, the shape and transparency (line width and spacing) of the transparent electrode of the transmission line may vary differently.

[0137] Figure 7a Shows a front view and a cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna assembly of this specification. Figure 7b It is a diagram showing the mesh structure of the metal mesh radiator area and the virtual metal mesh area according to the embodiment.

[0138] Figure 7a (a) shows a front view of the transparent antenna assembly 1000. Figure 7a (b) is a cross-sectional view of the transparent antenna component 1000, showing the layered structure of the transparent antenna component 1000. Figure 7a, the antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. A conductive pattern 1110 acting as a radiator may be configured on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. A feed pattern 1120f and ground patterns 1121g and 1122g may be formed on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The conductive pattern 1110 acting as a radiator may include more than one conductive pattern. The conductive pattern 1110 may include a first pattern 1111 connected to the feed pattern 1120f and a second pattern 1112 connected to the ground pattern 1121g. The conductive pattern 1110 may also include a third pattern 1113 connected to the ground pattern 1122g.

[0139] The conductive pattern 1110 constituting the antenna module may be implemented as a transparent antenna. Figure 7b , the conductive pattern 1110 may be formed of a metal grid pattern 1020a having a line width below a specified value and forming a metal mesh radiator region. A dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed in the inner region or the outer region between the first pattern 1111 to the third pattern 1113 of the conductive pattern 1100 to maintain transparency below a specified level. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form a metal mesh layer 1020.

[0140] Figure 7b (a) shows the structure of a typical metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. Figure 7b (b) shows the structure of an atypical metal grid pattern 1020a and a virtual metal grid pattern 1020b. Figure 7b As shown in (a), the metal mesh layer 1020 can be formed into a transparent antenna structure by a plurality of metal meshes. The metal mesh layer 1020 can be formed in a regular metal mesh shape such as a quadrilateral, a rhombus, or a polygon. The conductive pattern can be formed into a plurality of metal meshes to act as a feeder or a radiator. The metal mesh layer 1020 constitutes a transparent antenna area. As an example, the metal mesh layer 1020 can be implemented with a thickness of about 2 mm, but is not limited thereto.

[0141] The metal mesh layer 1020 may include a metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form an open area (OA) whose ends are disconnected so as not to be electrically connected. The dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed with slits SL so that the ends of the respective meshes CL1, CL2, ..., CLn are not connected.

[0142] Reference Figure 7b(b), the metal mesh layer 1020 may be formed of a plurality of atypical metal meshes. The metal mesh layer 1020 may include a metal grid pattern 1020a and a dummy metal grid pattern 1020b. The metal grid pattern 1020a and the dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may form an open area OA whose ends are disconnected so as not to be electrically connected. The dummy metal grid pattern 1020b may be formed with slits SL so that the ends of the individual grids CL1, CL2, ..., CLn are not connected.

[0143] On the other hand, the transparent substrate on which the transparent antenna of the present specification is formed can be arranged on the glass of a vehicle. Figure 8a Represents the layered structure of the antenna module and the feeding module. Figure 8b It represents a layered structure in which an antenna module and a feeding structure are combined and an opaque substrate including a combined portion.

[0144] Reference Figure 8a (a), the antenna module 1100 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a formed on a first layer and a first conductive pattern 1110 formed on a second layer disposed on the first layer. Figure 7b , the first conductive pattern 1110 may be implemented as a metal mesh layer 1020 including a metal lattice pattern 1020a and a dummy metal lattice pattern 1020b. The antenna module 1100 may further include a protective layer 1031 and an adhesive layer 1041a disposed on the second layer.

[0145] Reference Figure 8a (b), the feeding structure 1100f may include a second dielectric substrate 1010b, a second conductive pattern 1120, and a third conductive pattern 1130. The feeding structure 1100f may further include a first protective layer 1033 and a second protective layer 1034, each stacked on the second conductive pattern 1120 and the third conductive pattern 1130. The feeding structure 1100f may further include an adhesive layer 1041b formed on a portion of the second conductive pattern 1120.

[0146] A second conductive pattern 1120 may be disposed on one side of a second dielectric substrate 1010b implemented as an opaque substrate. A third conductive pattern 1130 may be disposed on the other side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b. A first protective layer 1033 may be formed on the upper portion of the third conductive pattern 1130. A second protective layer 1034 may be formed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120. The first protective layer 1033 and the second protective layer 1034 are configured to have a low dielectric constant (low permittivity) below a specified value, thereby enabling low-loss feeding to the transparent antenna region.

[0147] Reference Figure 8b(a), the antenna module 1100 may be combined with a feeding structure 1100f implemented by a second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate. A first conductive pattern 1110 implemented by a metal mesh layer as a transparent electrode layer may be formed on the upper portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. A protective layer 1031 may be formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110. A protective layer 1031 and a first adhesive layer 1041a may be formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110. The first adhesive layer 1041a may be formed adjacent to the protective layer 1031.

[0148] The first adhesive layer 1041a formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110 may be bonded to the second adhesive layer 1041b formed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b may be bonded by bonding between the first adhesive layer 1041a and the second adhesive layer 1041b. Thus, the metal mesh formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be electrically connected to the feeding pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b.

[0149] The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be formed with a feeding structure 1100f having a second conductive pattern 1120 on one side and a third conductive pattern 1130 on the other side. The feeding structure 1100f may be implemented by a flexible printed circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit Board), but is not limited thereto. A first protective layer 1033 may be disposed on the upper portion of the third conductive pattern 1130, and a second protective layer 1034 may be disposed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120. The adhesive layer 1041b at the lower portion of the third conductive pattern 1130 may be bonded to the adhesive layer 1041a of the antenna module 1100. Thus, the feeding structure 1100f may be combined with the antenna module 1100, and the first conductive pattern 1110 and the second conductive pattern 1120 may be electrically connected.

[0150] The thickness of the antenna module 1100 implemented by the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be formed with a first thickness. The thickness of the feed structure 1100f implemented by the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be formed with a second thickness. For example, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 1010a of the antenna module 1100 can be 75um, the thickness of the first conductive pattern 1110 can be 9um, and the thickness of the protective layer 1031 can be 25um. The first thickness of the antenna module 1100 can be 109um. The thickness of the second dielectric substrate 1010b of the feed structure 1100f can be 50um, the thickness of the second conductive pattern 1120 can be 18um, the thickness of the third conductive pattern 1130 can be 18um, and the thickness of the first protective layer 1033 and the second protective layer 1034 can be 28um. Thus, the second thickness of the feed structure 1100f can be 142um. Since the adhesive layer 1041a is formed on the upper portion of the first conductive pattern 1110 and the adhesive layer 1041b is formed on the lower portion of the second conductive pattern 1120, the entire antenna assembly can be formed with a thickness less than the sum of the first thickness and the second thickness. For example, the thickness of the antenna assembly 1000 including the antenna module 1100 and the feeding structure 1100f can be 198 um.

[0151] Reference Figure 8b (b), a conductive pattern 1120 may be formed on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b forming the feeding structure 1100f. The conductive pattern 1120 may be formed in a feeding structure having a CPW (co-planar waveguide) structure having a feeding pattern 1120f and ground patterns 1121g and 1122g formed on both sides. Figure 8b (a), the feeding structure 1100f may be combined with the antenna module 1100 using the region where the adhesive layer 1041 is formed.

[0152] The antenna module and the feeding structure constituting the antenna assembly of this specification can be configured on the vehicle glass and combined through a specific combination structure. Figure 9a The figure shows the bonding structure of the transparent antenna disposed in the transparent area and the frit area of ​​the vehicle glass.

[0153] Reference Figure 9a, the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be bonded to the glass panel 310 using an adhesive layer 1041. The conductive pattern of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be bonded to the conductive pattern 1130 of the second dielectric substrate 1010b by ACF bonding. ACF bonding is a method of bonding the bonding surface for several seconds using an adhesive tape with metal balls added under high temperature / high pressure conditions (e.g., 120-150 degrees, 2-5 MPa), which can be achieved by contacting the electrodes with metal balls. ACF bonding electrically connects the conductive pattern while curing the adhesive layer 1041 due to heat to provide bonding force.

[0154] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a formed with a transparent electrode layer can be attached to the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the form of an FPCB by using a local soldering technology. The connection pattern of the FPCB and the transparent antenna electrode can be connected by local soldering based on a coil in a magnetic field induction manner. During such local soldering, the temperature of the soldering portion does not rise, or the FPCB does not deform and can maintain a flat surface. Thus, by local soldering between the conductive patterns of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b, a highly reliable electrical connection can be achieved.

[0155] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, Figure 7a The metal mesh layer 1020, the protective layer 1033 and the adhesive layer 1041 can form a transparent electrode. The second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate can be implemented by an FPCB, but is not limited thereto. It can be configured such that the second dielectric substrate 1010b as an FPCB formed with a feeding pattern is connected to the connector part 313 and the transparent electrode.

[0156] The second dielectric substrate 1010b as an opaque substrate may be attached to a portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be formed in the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed in the opaque region 312, and the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be combined with the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the opaque region 312.

[0157] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the second dielectric substrate 1010b may be bonded by bonding between the adhesive layers 1041a and 1041b. The position where the second dielectric substrate 1010b is bonded to the adhesive layer 1041 may be set as the first position P1. The position where the connector component 313 is welded to the opaque substrate 1010b may be set as the second position P2.

[0158] On the other hand, the vehicle glass formed with the antenna assembly of the present specification can be combined with the main structure of the vehicle. In this regard, Figure 9b It will form Figure 9a A magnified front view of the area where the transparent antenna glass is combined with the main structure of the vehicle. Fig.9c Indicates observation from different positions Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the combined structure of vehicle glass and main structure.

[0159] Reference Figure 9b A first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be disposed in a transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in an opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. Since the transmittance of the opaque region 312 is lower than the transmittance of the transparent region 311, the opaque region 312 may also be referred to as a BM (Black Matrix) region. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be extended to the opaque region 312 corresponding to the BM region. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and the opaque region 312 may be formed to overlap along a single axis direction by an overlap length OL.

[0160] Fig.9c (a) indicates along Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the antenna assembly taken along line AB. Fig.9c (a) indicates along Figure 9b A cross-sectional view of the antenna assembly taken along line CD.

[0161] Reference Figure 9b and Fig.9c (a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a having a transparent antenna formed thereon may be disposed in a transparent region 311 of a glass panel 310. A second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in an opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. A portion of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be extended to the opaque region 312, so that a feeding pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b and a metal mesh layer of the transparent antenna can be joined and connected.

[0162] The interior cover 49c may be configured to accommodate a connector component 313 connected to the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The connector component 313 may be disposed in a space between the main body 49b of the metal material and the interior cover 49c, and the connector component 313 may be coupled to an in-vehicle cable. The interior cover 49c may be disposed in an upper region of the main body 49b of the metal material. One end of the interior cover 49c may be bent to be coupled to the main body 49b of the metal material.

[0163] The inner cover 49c may be formed of a metal material or a dielectric material. In the case where the inner cover 49c is formed of a metal material, the inner cover 49c and the main body 49b of the metal material form a metal frame 49. In this regard, the vehicle may include the metal frame 49. The opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310 may be supported by a portion of the metal frame 49. To this end, a portion of the main body 49b of the metal frame 49 may be bent so as to be combined with the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310.

[0164] When the inner cover 49c is formed of a metal material, at least a portion of the metal region may be removed from the upper region of the second dielectric substrate 1010b in the inner cover 49c. A recess portion 49R where the metal region is removed may be formed in the inner cover 49c. Thus, the metal frame 49 may include the recess portion 49R. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in the recess portion 49R of the metal frame 49.

[0165] The recess 49R may also be referred to as a metal cut region. One side of the recess 49R may be separated from one side of the opaque substrate 1010b by a first length L1 equal to or greater than a critical value. The lower boundary side of the recess 49R may be separated from the lower boundary side of the opaque substrate 1010b by a second length L2 equal to or greater than a critical value. As the metal of a portion of the inner cover 49c of the metal material is removed, signal loss and changes in antenna characteristics caused by the surrounding metal structure can be prevented.

[0166] Reference Figure 9b and Fig.9c (b), the area where the connector components and the opaque substrate are not configured can be configured so that the inner cover 49c does not form a recessed portion such as a metal removal area. In this regard, not only can the inner cover 49c protect the internal components of the antenna module 1100, but also can be used to Figure 9b and Fig.9cThe recess 49R of (a) discharges the internal heat to the outside. In addition, the recess 49R of the internal cover 49c can immediately determine whether the connection part needs to be repaired or replaced. On the other hand, since the internal cover 49c does not form a recess in the area where the connector component and the second dielectric substrate are not configured, the internal components of the antenna module 1100 can be protected.

[0167] On the other hand, the antenna assembly 1000 of the present specification can be formed in various forms on the glass panel 310, and the glass panel 310 can be attached to the vehicle frame. Fig.10 2 is a diagram showing a stacked structure of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment and attachment areas to a vehicle glass and a vehicle frame.

[0168] Reference Fig.10 (a), the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 and a feed structure 1100f. The antenna module 1100 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, a transparent electrode layer 1020, and an adhesive layer 1041. The feed structure 1100f implemented by the opaque substrate and the transparent electrode layer 1020 implemented by the transparent substrate may be electrically connected. The feed structure 1100f and the transparent electrode layer 1020 may be directly connected through the first bonding area BR1. The feed structure 1100f and the connector component 313 may be directly connected through the second bonding area BR2. In order to bond, heat may be applied to the first bonding area BR1 and the second bonding area BR2. Thus, the bonding areas BR1 and BR2 may be referred to as heating intervals. In the side end area in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310, an attachment area AR equivalent to a sealant area for attaching the glass panel 310 and the vehicle frame may be formed.

[0169] Reference Fig.10(b), the glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The antenna assembly 1000 may include an antenna module 1100 and a feed structure 1100f. The antenna module 1100 may include a protective layer 1031, a transparent electrode layer 1020, a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, and an adhesive layer 1041. The feed structure 1100f implemented by the opaque substrate and a portion of the antenna module 1100 implemented by the transparent substrate may overlap. The feed structure 1100f and the transparent electrode layer 1020 of the antenna module 1100 may be coupled feed. The feed structure 1100f and the connector component 313 may be directly connected via a bonding area BR. For bonding, heat may be applied to the bonding area BR1. Thus, the bonding area BR may be referred to as a heating interval. In the side end area in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310, an attachment area AR equivalent to a sealant area for attaching the glass panel 310 and the vehicle frame may be formed.

[0170] Reference Fig.10 (a) and Fig.10 (b), the transparent substrate 1010a may include a (hard) coating layer to protect the transparent electrode layer 1020 from the external environment. On the other hand, the adhesive layer 1041 may be added with a UV blocking component to prevent yellowing due to sunlight.

[0171] On the other hand, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented by a single dielectric substrate on the same plane as the CPW feeder. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna structure that can be configured on the glass of a vehicle of the present specification can be implemented with a structure having grounding formed on both sides of the radiator, thereby forming a broadband structure. The broadband transparent antenna for a vehicle may include an antenna module configured to perform 4G wireless communication and 5G wireless communication. In addition, the broadband transparent antenna for a vehicle may include a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antenna configured to provide positioning services.

[0172] The following describes the antenna components related to the broadband transparent antenna structure of this specification. Fig.11a Indicates multiple frequency bands related to vehicle GNSS antennas. Fig.11b Indicates the polarization characteristics related to vehicle GNSS antennas.

[0173] Reference Fig.11a, the frequency band in which the vehicle GNSS antenna operates may include a first frequency band equivalent to the L1 frequency band and a second frequency band equivalent to the L5 frequency band. The first frequency band equivalent to the L1 frequency band may be set to 1559.0 to 1605.9 MHz. The first frequency band may include the L1 frequency band associated with GPS. The first frequency band may include the L1 frequency band associated with GLONASS (GLOBAL NAVIGATIONSATELLITE SYSTEM). The second frequency band equivalent to the L5 frequency band may be set to 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz. The second frequency band may include the L5 frequency band associated with GPS.

[0174] The antenna assembly implemented by the vehicle GNSS antenna can form a dual-band resonance to operate in a first frequency band and a second frequency band. The antenna assembly implemented by the vehicle GNSS antenna can operate with circular polarization. The antenna assembly can operate with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP).

[0175] Reference Fig.11b (a), the signal formed by the vehicle GNSS antenna can travel along the z-axis direction. Fig.11b (a) to Fig.11b (c) The signal formed by the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed into a circular polarization having an electric field direction rotating about the x-axis and the y-axis. Fig.11b (a) and Fig.11b (c), the signal formed by the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed to have right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) on the x-axis and the y-axis and to travel along the z-axis direction. The signal formed by the vehicle GNSS antenna can be expressed by Mathematical Formula 1.

[0176] [Mathematical formula 1]

[0177]

[0178] A signal with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) can be formed by A=B and a phase difference of 90 degrees in Mathematical Formula 1. A signal with left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) can be formed by A=B and a phase difference of -90 degrees in Mathematical Formula 1. As shown in Mathematical Formula 2, the ratio of the maximum value (|E|max) and the minimum value (|E|min) of |E| in Mathematical Formula 1 can be defined as the axial ratio (AR).

[0179] [Mathematical formula 2]

[0180]

[0181] Refer to Mathematical Formula 1, Mathematical Formula 2, Fig.11b (d), if A and B have different values ​​from each other, the signal formed by the vehicle GNSS antenna can be configured to have elliptical polarization. The circularly polarized signal needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, 3dB or 6dB or less, in the plane where the vehicle antenna is arranged toward the ceiling. The antenna gain needs to be formed at a specific level, for example, -3dBic or less, within a range of 45 degrees with 0 degrees in the ceiling direction as a reference.

[0182] As mentioned above, the vehicle GNSS antenna with circular polarization signal can be formed at different positions of the vehicle glass. Fig.12a and Figure 12b The following is a configuration diagram of a vehicle GNSS antenna that can be formed at different positions on a vehicle glass according to an embodiment.

[0183] Reference Figure 1 and Fig.12a The vehicle GNSS antenna can be arranged on at least one of the front glass 310, the rear glass 330 and the upper glass 350 of the sedan type vehicle 500. The front glass 310 can be formed with a two-layer joint structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The front glass 310 can be formed with a two-layer joint structure of glass / anti-scattering film / glass. The rear glass 330 can be formed with a two-layer joint structure of about 3.5 to 5.5 mm or a single layer of compressed glass. A hot wire and an AM / FM antenna can be formed on the rear glass 330, and the transparent antenna needs to be separated from the hot wire and the AM / FM antenna by a specified interval or more.

[0184] The vehicle GNSS antenna needs to form a radiation pattern toward the roof of the vehicle. Therefore, the vehicle GNSS antenna can be disposed on the upper glass 350 of the vehicle 500. The upper glass 350 can be formed in a two-layer joint structure of about 5 to 5.5 mm. The upper glass 350 can be formed in a two-layer joint structure of glass / anti-scattering film / glass.

[0185] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 12b , the vehicle GNSS antenna can be configured on at least one of the front glass 310 and the upper glass 350 of an SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle) type vehicle 500. The front glass 310 can be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of approximately 5 to 5.5 mm. The front glass 310 can be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of glass / anti-scattering film / glass. The vehicle GNSS antenna needs to form a radiation pattern toward the roof direction of the vehicle. Therefore, the vehicle GNSS antenna can be configured on the upper glass 350 of the vehicle 500. The upper glass 350 can be formed with a two-layer bonding structure of approximately 5 to 5.5 mm. Since the inclination angle of the rear glass 330b is greater than Fig.12a The rear glass 330 is tilted at an angle of 1 / 10 / 10, so that no vehicle GNSS antenna is provided. The upper glass 350 may be formed in a two-layer bonding structure of glass / anti-scattering film / glass.

[0186] Reference Figure 1 , Fig.12a as well as Figure 12b , the GNSS antenna configured on at least one of the front glass 310, the rear glass 330 and the upper glass 350 of the vehicle 500 can be implemented by a transparent antenna. The sheet resistance of the transparent antenna can be implemented at 0.5 to 1.0Ω / sq, but is not limited to this. The sheet resistance of the transparent antenna can be implemented differently according to the transparency (transparency) or the mesh type of the metal mesh. The vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can be designed to minimize the impact of the vehicle glass on the antenna performance. In this regard, the vehicle GNSS antenna can be designed to minimize the impact on the performance according to the type, size, thickness, design structure and film adhesion of the vehicle glass such as double bonding and tempered glass.

[0187] Reference Fig.12a and Figure 12b , the radiation pattern of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed in the shape of an upper hemisphere. In this regard, the radiation pattern of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed in the range of -45 degrees to +45 degrees with 0 degrees as the roof direction of the vehicle as a reference. The radiation pattern RP of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be formed in the direction of the roof of the vehicle. The GNSS antenna can be configured on at least one of the front glass 310, the rear glass 330 and the upper glass 350 of the vehicle 500. Since the upper glass 350 is formed in the roof area of ​​the vehicle, it can be called a moon roof glass. The type of the GNSS antenna configured on at least one of the front glass 310, the rear glass 330 and the upper glass 350 of the vehicle 500 can be implemented as a monopole element or a slot element to minimize the impact caused by the vehicle glass.

[0188] The physical properties and size of the vehicle glass may cause changes in antenna performance. In this regard, the larger the size and the thicker the vehicle glass, the greater the change in antenna performance may be. In addition, the dielectric loss of the vehicle glass may cause the antenna gain to decrease and the radiation pattern to change. In order to minimize such changes in antenna performance, the size of the vehicle GNSS antenna can be minimized and implemented with a single-layer structure. On the other hand, in order to ensure the radiation pattern for satellite communication, it is most preferred to configure the vehicle GNSS antenna on the upper glass 350 formed at a horizontal angle.

[0189] on the other hand, Fig.13a and Fig.13b This shows the structure of a vehicle GNSS antenna in this specification. Fig.13a The antenna assembly 1000 is an antenna structure in which an outer conductive pattern 1140 of a transparent antenna is connected to a ground conductive pattern 1110g of an opaque area. Fig.13b The antenna assembly 1000 is an antenna structure in which the outer conductive pattern 1140 of the transparent antenna is separated from the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the opaque area by a first gap G1.

[0190] Reference Figures 1 to 13b , the vehicle 500 may include a vehicle glass 310 and an antenna assembly 1000. The antenna assembly 1000 may include a transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, a first region 1100a, and a second region 1100b.

[0191] The first region 1100a may include an antenna 1100 on one side of a transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. The second region 1100b may include a grounded conductive pattern 1110g and a feed pattern 1110f. The first region 1100a may also be referred to as a radiator region, and the second region 1100b may be referred to as a ground region (or a feed region). Since the antenna 1100 includes a plurality of conductive patterns, the antenna 1100 may be referred to as an antenna module 1100.

[0192] The antenna assembly 1000 implemented as a transparent antenna can be designed as a single-layer CPW antenna structure. Fig.13a and Fig.13b The antenna 1100 of the antenna assembly 1000 may include a signal pattern 1120, a first ground pattern 1130, and a first slot 1130s. The antenna 1100 may include a second ground pattern 1140 and a second slot 1140s.

[0193] The signal pattern 1120 may be configured to be connected to the feed pattern 1110f of the second area 1100b. The first ground pattern 1130 may be configured to be connected to the first portion 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second area 1100b. The first slot 1130s may be formed between the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130. The first slot 1130s may be configured to radiate a circularly polarized first signal having a first frequency band. The first frequency band may be 1559.0 to 1605.9 MHz, which is the L1 frequency band, but is not limited thereto. The first slot 1130s may be configured to also radiate a circularly polarized second signal having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second frequency band may be 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz, which is the L5 frequency band, but is not limited thereto.

[0194] In order to optimize the antenna characteristics in the first frequency band, the shapes of the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130 may be optimized. The signal pattern 1120 may include a first signal pattern 1121 in an upper region and a second signal pattern 1122 in a lower region. A slit region SL in which a conductive pattern is removed may be formed between one side boundary of the first signal pattern 1121 and one side boundary of the second signal pattern 1122. The other side boundary of the first signal pattern 1121 may be formed in a shape that is more recessed inward than the other side boundary of the second signal pattern 1122.

[0195] The first portion 1131 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a circular shape. A portion of the first portion 1131 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 corresponding to the other side boundary of the first signal pattern 1121 may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape. The second portion 1132 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape. The second portion 1132 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed to protrude from the boundary of the circular shape in a straight line corresponding to one side boundary of the first signal pattern 1121.

[0196] The second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be connected to the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second area 1100b. The second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to surround the first ground pattern 1130. The second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to prevent the radio waves leaking to the glass from leaking to the outer area when operating in the first frequency band as the L1 frequency band. Therefore, the second ground pattern 1140 may form a radiation pattern toward the ceiling direction. The second slot 1140s may be formed between the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140. The second slot 1140s may be configured to radiate a second signal having a circular polarization of a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The second frequency band may be 1166.2 to 1186.7 MHz as the L5 frequency band, but is not limited thereto.

[0197] Therefore, the first slot 1130s may be configured to radiate a first signal of a first frequency band and a second signal of a second frequency band. The second slot 1140s formed outside the first slot 1130s may be configured to radiate a second signal of a second frequency band. The length Ls of the second slot 1140s formed inside the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed within a range of 3 / 4 to one wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the second frequency band, that is, 3λ / 4 to λ.

[0198] On the other hand, the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can optimize the shapes of the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140 in order to optimize the antenna performance under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Fig.13a and Fig.13b At least a portion of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1120g may be formed in a circular shape. The diameter L of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the first frequency band, that is, within the range of 3λ / 4 to λ.

[0199] The first portion 1131 of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a circular shape. The second portion 1132 of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a linear shape in one axis direction and another axis direction. The first ground pattern 1130 may be formed along the one axis direction with a first width W1 and a second width W2 narrower than the first width W1.

[0200] On the other hand, the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed to surround the first ground pattern 1130. Thus, the first signal radiated by the first slot 1130s can be prevented from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern 1140. By the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130, the radiation pattern of the first signal in the first frequency band and the second signal in the second frequency band may be formed toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle. In this regard, the radiation pattern of the antenna 1100 may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle glass, that is, toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle.

[0201] On the other hand, the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern of the antenna assembly of the present specification can be optimized for tuning antenna performance. In this regard, Fig.14a express Fig.13a In another embodiment, a portion of the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern of the antenna assembly is changed. Fig.14b express Fig.14a Electric field distribution of the antenna assembly under the first frequency band and the second frequency band conditions.

[0202] like Fig.14a As shown, the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed in a concave shape. In this regard, the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140 is formed in a concave shape is not limited to Fig.13a As another example, Fig.13b An inner area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140 of the antenna assembly may also be formed in a concave shape.

[0203] Reference Fig.14a, an inner area of ​​a portion 1141c-1 of an upper area of ​​the ground pattern 1140c of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed in a recessed shape. A first width of an inner area of ​​a portion 1141c-1 of an upper area of ​​the ground pattern 1140c may be narrower than a second width of a second portion 1141-2 of the upper area 1141. On the other hand, by forming an inner boundary of a portion 1141c-1 of the ground pattern 1140c in a recessed structure, a distance between an inner boundary of a portion 1141c-1 of the ground pattern 1140c and an outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 in a circular shape may be maintained at a distance greater than a prescribed distance. By forming an inner boundary of a portion 1141c-1 of the ground pattern 1140c in a recessed structure, a distance between an inner boundary of a portion 1141c-1 of the ground pattern 1140c and an outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be maintained at a prescribed level.

[0204] The length Ls2 of the second slot 1140s formed inside the second ground pattern 1140c can be formed in the range of 3 / 4 to one wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the second frequency band, that is, 3λ / 4 to λ. Thus, the wavelength length of the length Ls2 of the second slot 1140s can be increased without increasing the overall size of the antenna assembly. Thus, the resonant frequency of the antenna under the second frequency band (L5 frequency band) can be shifted to a lower frequency band.

[0205] Fig. 14(a) shows the electric field distribution of the antenna assembly under the condition of 1.575 GHz in the first frequency band, and Fig. 14(b) shows the electric field distribution of the antenna assembly under the condition of 1.176 GHz in the second frequency band.

[0206] 14(a), a first signal of a first frequency band may be radiated through a first slot 1130s formed between a signal pattern 1120 and a first ground pattern 1130. A peak region of an electric field may be formed in a first region E1a and a second region E1b of the first slot 1130s formed between the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130. The first region E1a and the second region E1b of the first slot 1130s are formed at an upper portion on one side and a lower portion on the other side of the signal pattern 1120. Thus, a current may be formed along the first slot 1130 corresponding to an inner region of the first ground pattern 1130.

[0207] 14(b), a first signal of a first frequency band may be radiated through a first slot 1130s formed between the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130. A peak region of an electric field may be formed in a first region E2a and a second region E2b of the first slot 1130s formed between the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130. The first region E2a and the second region E2b of the first slot 1130s are formed at an upper portion on one side and a lower portion on the other side of the signal pattern 1120. Thus, a first current of a first frequency band may be formed along the first slot 1130s corresponding to an inner region of the first ground pattern 1130.

[0208] The second signal of the second frequency band may be radiated through the second slot 1140s formed between the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140. The peak area of ​​the electric field may be formed in the third area E2c, the fourth area E2d, and the fifth area E2e of the second slot 1140s formed between the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140. The third area E2c, the fourth area E2d, and the fifth area E2e of the second slot 1140s are formed along the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140. Thus, the second current of the second frequency band may be formed along the second slot 1140s corresponding to the inner area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140.

[0209] Fig.15a and Fig.15b is a diagram comparing the radiation patterns of the antenna under the first frequency band condition according to whether or not the second ground pattern is present. Fig.15c FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a radiation pattern under a second frequency band condition of an antenna formed with a second ground pattern.

[0210] Fig.15a 1 is a diagram showing the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 1000a under the condition of 1.575 GHz in the first frequency band (L1 band). Fig.15b 1 is a diagram showing the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 1000 in the first frequency band (L1 band) of 1.575 GHz. Fig.15c 1 is a diagram showing the radiation pattern of the antenna module 1000 under the condition of 1.176 GHz in the second frequency band (L5 band).

[0211] Reference Fig.15a(a), the antenna component 1000a having only the first ground pattern 1130 is a structure in which the second ground pattern is not formed. The antenna component 1000a having only the first ground pattern 1130 can be called a single slot antenna. The antenna component 1000a forms a radiation pattern peak RP1 at an angle of more than 45 degrees with the vertical direction, which is the roof direction of the vehicle, as a reference of 0 degrees. The radiation pattern peak RP1 of the antenna component 1000a in which the second ground pattern surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 is not formed can be formed along the horizontal direction, which is the glass direction of the vehicle. Therefore, in the antenna component 1000a in which the second ground pattern surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 is not formed, the GNSS signal reception characteristics can be below the critical value.

[0212] Fig.15a (b) is viewed from the roof of the vehicle Fig.15a (a) is a diagram of a radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 1000a. The antenna assembly 1000 may be disposed on the glass panel 310. The radiation pattern peaks RP1a and RP1b of the antenna assembly 1000a in the glass direction have greater values ​​than the radiation pattern peaks RP1c and RP1d in the ceiling direction. The first region of the radiation pattern peaks RP1a and RP1b in the glass direction of the antenna assembly 1000a has a wider space than the second region and the third region of the radiation pattern peaks RP1c and RP1d in the ceiling direction.

[0213] Reference Fig.15b (a), the antenna assembly 1000 is a structure having a second ground pattern 1140 surrounding a first ground pattern 1130. Since the antenna assembly 1000 having the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140 is provided with a first slot and a second slot, it can be called a dual slot antenna. The antenna assembly 1000 forms a radiation pattern peak RP2 in a range of -45 degrees to +45 degrees with the vertical direction, which is the roof direction of the vehicle, as a reference of 0 degrees. The radiation pattern peak RP2 of the antenna assembly 1000 formed with the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 can be formed toward the roof direction of the vehicle. Therefore, in the antenna assembly 1000 formed with the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130, the GNSS signal reception characteristics can be above the critical value.

[0214] Fig.15b (b) is viewed from the roof of the vehicle Fig.15b(a) is a diagram of a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 1000. The antenna assembly 1000 may be disposed on the glass panel 310. The radiation pattern peak RP2 of the antenna assembly 1000 in the ceiling direction has a higher value than the radiation pattern peak RP2b in the glass direction. The first area of ​​the radiation pattern peak RP2b in the glass direction of the antenna assembly 1000 has a narrower area than the second area of ​​the radiation pattern peak RP2 in the ceiling direction. Thus, as the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 is set, the radiation pattern area in the glass direction is reduced, and the radiation pattern area around the ceiling direction is formed.

[0215] Reference Fig.15c (a), under the condition of the second frequency band (L5 frequency band), the antenna assembly 1000 also forms a radiation pattern peak RP3 in the range of -45 degrees to +45 degrees with the vertical direction, which is the roof direction of the vehicle, as a reference of 0 degrees. The radiation pattern peak RP3 of the antenna assembly 1000 formed with the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 is formed along the roof direction of the vehicle. Therefore, in the antenna assembly 1000 formed with the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130, the GNSS signal reception characteristics can be above the critical value.

[0216] Fig.15c (b) is viewed from the roof of the vehicle Fig.15c (a) is a diagram of a radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 1000. The antenna assembly 1000 may be disposed on the glass panel 310. The radiation pattern peak RP3 of the antenna assembly 1000 in the ceiling direction has a greater value than the radiation pattern peak RP3b in the glass direction. The first area of ​​the radiation pattern peak RP3b in the glass direction of the antenna assembly 1000 has a narrower area than the second area of ​​the radiation pattern peak RP3 in the ceiling direction. Thus, as the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 is provided, the radiation pattern area in the glass direction is reduced, and the radiation pattern area around the ceiling direction is formed.

[0217] On the other hand, in the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification which is further provided with the second ground pattern, an axial ratio below a specific level can be formed in the first frequency band and the second frequency band as the radiation pattern is formed toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle. Fig.16a This is a diagram showing the axial ratio under various frequency conditions depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided. Fig.16b and Fig.16c This is a diagram showing gain characteristics at various angles under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided.

[0218] Reference Fig.15a (a) and Fig.16a(a), the antenna component 1000a having only the first ground pattern 1130 but no second ground pattern can form an axial ratio of a critical value, such as 3 dB or less, only in the first frequency band (L1 frequency band). The axial ratio of the antenna component 1000a exceeds a critical value, such as 3 dB, in the second frequency band (L5 frequency band), so that the circular polarization characteristics may be reduced.

[0219] Reference Fig.15b (a) Fig.15c (a) and Fig.16a (b), the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140 surrounding the first ground pattern 1130 forms an axial ratio of a critical value, for example, 3 dB or less in both the first frequency band (L1 frequency band) and the second frequency band (L5 frequency band). Therefore, compared with the axial ratio of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern, the axial ratio of the antenna assembly 1000 is improved under the condition of the second frequency band (L5 frequency band), thereby being able to improve the circular polarization characteristics.

[0220] Reference Fig.15a (a) and Fig.16b (a), in the first frequency band (L1 frequency band), the antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a has a value between about -1dB and 0.7dB in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees. In the first frequency band (L1 frequency band), the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees is about -0.14dB. Fig.14a (a) and Fig.15b (b), in the second frequency band (L5 band), the antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a has a value between about -2.2dB and 0dB in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees. In the second frequency band (L5 band), the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees is about -0.73dB.

[0221] Reference Fig.15b (a) Fig.15c (a) and Fig.16c (a), in the first frequency band (L1 band), the antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000 has a value between about -0.1dB and 2.4dB in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees. In the first frequency band (L1 band), the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000 in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees is about 1.02dB. It can be seen that the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000 is improved by about 1.15dB compared with the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern. Fig.15b (a) Fig.15c (a) and Fig.16b(b), in the second frequency band (L5 band), the antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000 has a value between about -1.6 dB and 0.7 dB in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees. In the second frequency band (L5 band), the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a in the range of -45 degrees to 45 degrees is about -0.07 dB. It can be seen that the average antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000 is improved by about 0.7 dB compared with the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern.

[0222] As described above, the antenna gain characteristics can be improved by forming the second ground pattern in the vehicle GNSS antenna. Fig.17a and Fig.17b This is a diagram comparing antenna gain characteristics under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band according to whether or not the second ground pattern is provided. Fig.17a This is a diagram showing antenna gain characteristics at 1.575 GHz in the first frequency band depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided. Fig.17b 1 is a graph showing antenna gain characteristics at 1.176 GHz in the second frequency band depending on whether or not the second ground pattern is provided. Fig.17a and Fig.17b , the target antenna gain can be set to a value above -3dBi between -45 degrees and +45 degrees.

[0223] Reference Fig.15a , Fig.16b (a) and Fig.17a (a) and (i) represent normalized antenna gain values ​​of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern. Fig.15a , Fig.16c (a) and Fig.17a , (ii) represents the normalized antenna gain value of the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140. (iii) represents the antenna gain values ​​at various angles of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern. (iv) represents the antenna gain values ​​at various angles of the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140. Fig.17a In (a) and (i), the average gain of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern is about 0.19 dB. Fig.17a In (ii) of (a), the average gain of the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140 is about 1.02 dB. Therefore, by forming the second ground pattern 1140 in the antenna assembly 1000, the average gain can be increased by about 0.8 dB or more.

[0224] Reference Fig.15b , Fig.16b (b) and Fig.17a(b) and (i) represent normalized antenna gain values ​​of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern. Fig.15a , Fig.16c (b) and Fig.17a (b), (ii) represents the normalized antenna gain value of the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140. (iii) represents the antenna gain values ​​at various angles of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern. (iv) represents the antenna gain values ​​at various angles of the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140.

[0225] Reference Fig.17a In (i) of (b), the average gain of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern is about -0.91 dB. The antenna gain of the antenna assembly 1000a without the second ground pattern has a value below -3 dBi, which is the target antenna gain, in the area below -40 degrees and above +40 degrees. Therefore, in order to satisfy the target antenna gain of above -3 dBi, it is necessary to further form the second ground pattern 1140. Fig.17a In (ii) of (b), the average gain is about -0.07 dB in the antenna assembly 1000 having the second ground pattern 1140. Thus, by forming the second ground pattern 1140 in the antenna assembly 1000, the average gain can be increased by about 0.8 dB or more.

[0226] Fig.17b Yes means Fig.13a Graphs showing the reflection coefficient characteristics and axial ratio characteristics of a vehicle GNSS antenna. Fig.17b (a) is a diagram showing the reflection coefficient characteristics of the vehicle GNSS antenna. Fig.17b (b) is a diagram showing the axial ratio characteristics of the vehicle GNSS antenna at various angles in the vertical direction with the vehicle roof direction as a reference.

[0227] Reference Fig.17b (a), the antenna assembly performs dual resonance at a first frequency in the first frequency band and a second frequency in the second frequency band. The antenna assembly performs dual resonance at 1.57 GHz in the first frequency band and 1.18 GHz in the second frequency band. The antenna assembly has a value of -10 dB or less as a target reflection coefficient in a frequency band above 1 GHz.

[0228] Reference Fig.17b(b) represents the axial ratio under the conditions of 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees and 20 degrees with 0 degrees as the vehicle roof direction. The axial ratio of the antenna assembly has a first minimum value at the first frequency in the first frequency band, and has a second minimum value at the second frequency in the second frequency band. In the first frequency band, the axial ratio of the antenna assembly has a value of less than 3dB. In the second frequency band, the axial ratio of the antenna assembly has a value of approximately 3dB. In the range between -20 degrees and 20 degrees with 0 degrees as the reference, the antenna assembly can receive circularly polarized signals as a reception level above the specified level under the conditions of the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Thus, the antenna assembly can perform satellite communication within a specified angle range with the vehicle roof direction as the reference.

[0229] On the other hand, the size of the conductive pattern of the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can be optimized to optimize the antenna performance, such as circular polarization performance. In this regard, Figures 18a to 18c It means in Fig.13a A graph of the axial ratio as a circular polarization performance that changes according to the vertical / horizontal width of the second ground pattern and the gap interval with the first conductive pattern in the antenna structure of FIG. Figures 19a to 19c It means in Fig.13b A graph of the axial ratio as a circular polarization performance that changes according to the vertical width of the second ground pattern, the gap interval with the first conductive pattern, and the gap interval with the ground conductive pattern in the antenna structure.

[0230] On the other hand, in the vehicle GNSS antenna of this specification, the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be composed of a plurality of conductive portions. Fig.13a and Fig.13b , the ground conductive pattern 1110g may include a first portion 1111g, a second portion 1112g, a third portion 1113g, and a fourth portion 1114g.

[0231] The first portion 1111g may be configured to be connected to the first ground pattern 1130. The first portion 1111g may be configured to be connected to one end portion of the first ground pattern 1130 formed on one side of the signal pattern 1120. The first portion 1111g may be configured to have an upper region G1a and a lower region G1b.

[0232] The second portion 1112g may be configured to be connected to the second ground pattern 1140. The second portion 1112g may be configured to be connected to the other end portion of the first ground pattern 1130 formed on the other side of the signal pattern 1120. The second portion 1112g may be configured to have an upper region G2a and a lower region G2b. A feed pattern 1110f may be formed between the first portion 1111g and the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0233] The third portion 1113g may be connected to the lower region G1b of the first portion 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The third portion 1113g may be spaced a predetermined distance from the upper region G1a of the first portion 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0234] The fourth portion 1114g may be connected to the lower region G2b of the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The fourth portion 1114g may be spaced a predetermined distance from the upper region G2a of the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0235] On the other hand, the width of the third portion 1113g and the width of the fourth portion 1114g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be formed within a prescribed range to have a prescribed gap interval with the adjacent conductive portion. Fig.13a and Fig.18a , the width of the third part 1113g of the conductive pattern separated from the upper area G1a of the first part 1111g and the fourth part 1114g separated from the upper area G2a of the second part 1112g can be formed in the range between 2mm and 6mm. In this regard, if the thickness of the lower area of ​​the ground conductive pattern 1110g implemented by the FPCB increases, the length of the entire slot becomes shorter, thereby increasing the lower limit (lowest) frequency of the operating frequency band based on the axial rate. Therefore, in the antenna component structure in which the ground conductive pattern 1110g is connected to the second ground pattern 1130, the axial rate can have a value below the critical value under the condition of 1166.2 to 1186.7MHz as the second frequency band. Thereby, the axial rate of the first signal of the first frequency band with circular polarization and the second signal of the second frequency band can be kept below the critical value, for example, below 6dB. In this regard,

[0236] Reference Fig.13b and Fig.19a , the width of the third part 1113g of the conductive pattern separated from the upper area G1a of the first part 1111g and the fourth part 1114g separated from the upper area G2a of the second part 1112g can be formed to be less than 2mm. In this regard, if the thickness of the lower area of ​​the ground conductive pattern 1110g implemented by the FPCB increases, the length of the entire slot becomes shorter, thereby increasing the lower limit (lowest) frequency of the operating frequency band based on the axial rate. Therefore, in the antenna component structure in which the ground conductive pattern 1110g is separated from the second ground pattern 1130, the axial rate can have a value below the critical value under the condition of 1166.2 to 1186.7MHz as the second frequency band. Thus, the axial rate of the first signal of the first frequency band with circular polarization and the second signal of the second frequency band can be kept below the critical value, for example, below 6dB.

[0237] On the other hand, the ground conductive pattern 1110g may be configured to expand from the lower region to the upper region on one side and the other side and to be connected to the second ground pattern 1140 or to be separated from it by a predetermined gap. Fig.13a , Fig.13b , the ground conductive pattern 1110g may further include a fifth portion 1115g and a sixth portion 1116g.

[0238] Reference Fig.13a , the fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the third portion 1130g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the second ground pattern 1140. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to one end portion of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on one side of the signal pattern 1120. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the fourth portion 1114g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the second ground pattern 1140. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the other end portion of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on the other side of the signal pattern 1120.

[0239] Reference Fig.13b , the fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the third portion 1130g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is separated from the second ground pattern 1140 by a first gap interval G1 along another axial direction as a vertical direction. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is separated from the one end portion of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on one side of the signal pattern 1120 by a first gap interval G1. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the fourth portion 1114g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is separated from the second ground pattern 1140 by a first gap interval G1 along another axial direction as a vertical direction. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is separated from the other end portion of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on the other side of the signal pattern 1120 by a first gap interval G1.

[0240] Reference Fig.13a , Fig.13b , Fig.18b The width of the second ground pattern 1140 in one axis direction can be formed in the range of 11 mm to 14 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the first signal of the first frequency band with circular polarization and the second signal of the second frequency band can be kept below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB. Fig.13b and Fig.19b, the first gap interval G1 can be formed in the range of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm. As another example, the first gap interval G1 can be formed to be less than 1.5 mm. Fig.13b In the antenna structure, if the first gap interval G1 is 1.5 mm, the axial ratio has a value below 5 dB and the lower limit frequency may include 1166.2 MHz. Thus, the axial ratio of the second signal with circular polarization in the second frequency band can be kept below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB.

[0241] On the other hand, the inner side boundary of the second ground pattern 1140 and the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be configured to be separated by a second gap G2 along a uniaxial direction as a horizontal direction. Fig.13a and Fig.18c , the second gap interval G2 can be formed in the range of 3mm to 6mm. Fig.13b and Fig.19c The second gap interval G2 may be formed to be less than 3 mm. In this regard, if the second gap interval G2 is narrowed as the width of the second ground pattern 1140 becomes thicker toward the inside, the lower limit frequency of the second frequency band as the operating frequency band based on the axial ratio is reduced.

[0242] The ground conductive pattern 1110g is connected to the second ground pattern 1130 Fig.13a In the antenna structure, if the second gap interval G2 is less than 3mm, although the lower limit frequency is reduced, the axial ratio value under the upper limit frequency condition is slightly increased to about 6dB. Fig.13a and Fig.16c , the second gap interval G2 may be formed in the range of 3 mm to 6 mm. On the other hand, the ground conductive pattern 1110g is spaced apart from the second ground pattern 1130 by Fig.13b In the antenna structure of , if the second gap interval G2 is 3 mm, the axial ratio can have a value below 4 dB and the lower limit frequency includes 1166.2 MHz. Fig.13b 17c, the second gap interval G2 may be formed to be less than 3 mm.

[0243] The second ground pattern 1140 having the second gap interval G2 can prevent the first signal radiated by the first slot 1130s from leaking to the vehicle glass 310 outside the second ground pattern 1140. In addition, the second ground pattern 1140 having the second gap interval G2 can keep the axial ratio of the second signal having circular polarization in the second frequency band below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB.

[0244] On the other hand, the shapes of the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140 of the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can be variously configured. Fig.20a and Fig.20b is a diagram showing a configuration in which at least a portion of the second ground pattern according to the embodiment is cut. Fig.21a and Figure 21b The diagrams show the configurations of the second ground pattern according to the embodiment in various forms, such as a quadrilateral, a circle, and a curve.

[0245] Reference Fig.13a and Fig.13b , Fig.20a and Fig.20b , the upper area of ​​the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be configured in a circular shape. On the other hand, a portion 1141-1 of the upper area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140 and the side area 1142 may be configured in a straight line form. In this regard, the inner and outer boundaries of the first portion 1141-1 and the side area 1142, which are a portion of the upper area 1141 of the second ground pattern 1140, may be configured in a straight line form. The inner and outer boundaries of the second portion 1141-2, which is the remaining portion of the upper area 1141 of the second ground pattern 1140, may be configured in a curved line form. The second portion 1141-2 of the upper area of ​​the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed to connect the first portion 1141-1 of the upper area and the side area 1142.

[0246] Reference Fig.13a and Fig.20a (a), the end of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be connected to the end of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. Fig.13b and Fig.20a (b), the end of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be separated from the end of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The end of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be separated from the end of the ground conductive pattern 1110g by a first gap interval G1. Fig.18b (a), the side regions 1142 of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be separated by a third gap interval G3. Fig.18b (b), the second portion 1141 - 2 of the upper region of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be separated from the side region 1142 by a fourth gap interval G4 .

[0247] Reference Fig.21a and Figure 21b , the outer side boundary of the upper region 1131 of the first ground pattern 1130 may be as follows Fig.13a and Fig.13b , Fig.20a and Fig.20b Composed in a circular shape. Fig.21a (a) and Fig.21a (b), the outer sides of the upper region 1141a and the side region 1142a of the second ground pattern 1140 may all be formed in a straight line form in the first region 1100a.

[0248] Reference Fig.21a (a), the inner side boundary of a portion of the upper region 1141a of the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed in a circular shape corresponding to the outer side boundary of the first ground pattern 1130. Fig.21a (b), the inner side boundaries of the upper region 1141a and the side region 1141a of the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed in a straight line form in the first region 1100a. Figure 21b (a), the outer sides of the upper region 1141b and the side region 1142b of the second ground pattern 1140 may be entirely formed in a circular shape in the first region 1100a. Figure 21b (a), the outer boundaries of the upper region 1141c and the side region 1142c of the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed in a straight line form in the first region 1100a. The middle region 1143c of the upper region 1141c and the side region 1142c may be formed in a curved line form.

[0249] Reference Fig.13b , Fig.20a as well as Fig.20b The second ground pattern 1130 of the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification may be configured to include a plurality of sub-patterns that are at least partially separated. The second ground pattern 1140 may include a first sub-pattern 1141s, a second sub-pattern 1142s, and a third sub-pattern 1143s.

[0250] Reference Fig.13a , Fig.13b as well as Fig.20a The first sub-pattern 1141s may be configured to be connected to the first ground conductive pattern 1110g or separated by a first gap interval G1. The second sub-pattern 1142s may be configured to be connected to the first ground conductive pattern 1110g or separated by a first gap interval G1.

[0251] Reference Fig.20bThe third sub-pattern 1143s of the second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be spaced apart from the end of the first sub-pattern 1141s and the end of the second sub-pattern 1142s by a predetermined gap G3. The third sub-pattern 1143s of the second ground pattern 1140 may form an upper region of the second ground pattern 1140. The first sub-pattern 1141s and the second sub-pattern 1142s may form a side region of the second ground pattern 1140 and be configured in a straight line.

[0252] On the other hand, the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can be implemented by a transparent antenna. In addition, the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification can be implemented by a CPW (Coplanar Waveguide) antenna structure as a single-layer structure. In this regard, Fig. 22 express Fig.13a and Fig.13b The antenna component is a structure realized by a metal mesh shape and a virtual grid pattern.

[0253] Reference Figure 7a , Fig.13a , Fig.13b as well as Fig. 22 The signal pattern 1120, the first ground pattern 1130, and the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 1010a in a metal mesh shape 1020a whose inner regions are connected to each other. The metal mesh shape 1020a may be configured to have a plurality of open areas (OA: opening area) at the inner and outer boundaries. On the other hand, the signal pattern 1120, the first ground pattern 1130, and the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 1010a in a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) structure which is a single metal layer structure implemented in the metal mesh shape 1020a.

[0254] In addition to the metal mesh shape 1020a constituting the radiator region, the antenna assembly 1000 may further include a plurality of virtual mesh patterns 1020b. The antenna assembly 1000 formed in the first region 1100a and the second region 1100b may include a plurality of virtual mesh patterns 1020b. The virtual mesh pattern 1020b may be configured at the outer portion of the conductive pattern of the metal mesh shape 1020a on the transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. The plurality of virtual mesh patterns 1020b may be configured to be separated from the feed pattern 1110f and the ground conductive pattern 1110g without being connected. The plurality of virtual mesh patterns 1020b may be configured to be separated from each other by the slits SL without being connected.

[0255] The plurality of dummy grid patterns 1020b may include a first dummy grid pattern 1020b-1 and a second dummy grid pattern 1020b-2 arranged in a region where the first groove 1130s and the second groove 1140s are formed. The first dummy grid pattern 1020b-1 may be arranged in the first groove 1130s as the outer portion of the signal pattern 1120. The first dummy grid pattern 1020b-1 may be configured to be separated from each other along one axis direction as the horizontal direction and another axis direction as the vertical direction. The first dummy grid pattern 1020b-1 may be configured to be separated from each other at the boundary of the signal pattern 1110f formed on the inner side and the first ground pattern 1130 formed on the outer side.

[0256] The second dummy lattice pattern 1020b-2 may be disposed in the second groove 1140s as the outer portion of the first ground pattern 1130. The second dummy lattice pattern 1020b-2 may be configured to be separated from each other along one axis direction as the horizontal direction and another axis direction as the vertical direction. The second dummy lattice pattern 1020b-2 may be configured to be separated from each other at the boundary of the first ground conductive pattern 1130 formed on the inner side and the second ground conductive pattern 1140 formed on the outer side.

[0257] The above is a description of an antenna assembly having a transparent antenna structure according to one aspect of the present specification. Next, a description is given of a vehicle having a vehicle GNSS antenna according to another aspect of the present specification.

[0258] In this regard, in the vehicle having the vehicle GNSS antenna of the present specification, the conductive pattern of the antenna area constituting the antenna assembly may be connected to the conductive pattern of the feed structure in an overlapping area. Fig.23a express Fig.13a and Fig.13b The stacked structure of the antenna assembly.

[0259] Reference Fig.23a , Fig.13a and Fig.13b The antenna assembly can be configured on the glass panel 310 of the vehicle. In this regard, for ease of explanation, the stacked structure of FIG. 21c is Fig.13a The antenna assembly is described as a reference, but is not limited thereto and can also be used for Fig.13b antenna assembly.

[0260] The glass panel 310 may include a transparent region 311 and an opaque region 312. A first region 1100a corresponding to the antenna region of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed in the transparent region 311. A second region 1100b corresponding to the feeding region of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed in the opaque region 312. A portion of the first region 1100a connected to the feeding pattern 1110f of the second region 1100b may be disposed in the opaque region 312.

[0261] The antenna assembly 1000 may be formed with a conductive pattern 1100, which is implemented by a metal mesh layer formed on a transparent dielectric substrate 1010a. A transparent antenna element may be implemented by the conductive pattern 1100 formed on the metal mesh layer. A virtual metal grid separated from the transparent antenna element may be configured on the metal mesh layer 1020. A first protective layer 1031 may be formed on the upper portion of the metal mesh layer 1020. An adhesive layer 1040 may be formed on the lower portion of the transparent dielectric substrate 1010a.

[0262] A conductive pattern including a feed pattern 1110f and a ground pattern may be formed on a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be implemented by an FPCB, but is not limited thereto. A second protective layer 1032 may be formed on the upper portion of the feed pattern 1110f. The second dielectric substrate 1010b, the conductive pattern including the feed pattern 1110f and the ground pattern, and the second protective layer 1032 may form a feed structure 1100f. The feed pattern 1110f may be connected to the conductive pattern 1100 formed on the metal mesh layer in a third region 1100c corresponding to a bonding region. In the third region 1100c, the first connection pattern 1110c in the conductive pattern 1100 may be connected to the second connection pattern 1120c as the end of the feed pattern 1110f.

[0263] On the other hand, the antenna assembly of the present specification may include a first transparent dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate formed with a transparent electrode layer. In this regard, Figure 23b Indicates that Fig.13a or Fig.13b The process of combining the antenna component with the glass panel.

[0264] Reference Figure 23b(a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a having a transparent electrode layer can be manufactured. In addition, a second dielectric substrate 1000b having a feeding pattern 1120f and grounding patterns 1121g and 1122g formed on both sides of the feeding pattern 1120f can be manufactured. The second dielectric substrate 1000b can be implemented by an FPCB, but is not limited thereto. Adhesion areas corresponding to the adhesive layer 1041 can be formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b, respectively. Fig.13a or Fig.13b The antenna pattern 1100 of the antenna region 1100 a of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000 a . Fig.13a or Fig.13b The feeding pattern 1100f and the ground conductive pattern 1100g of the feeding region 1100b of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b.

[0265] Reference Figure 23b (b), a glass panel 310 having a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312 can be manufactured. In addition, the antenna assembly 1000 can be manufactured by combining at least one second dielectric substrate 1000b in the lower area of ​​the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be combined by ACF bonding or low-temperature welding to realize a transparent antenna assembly. Thus, the conductive pattern formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a can be electrically connected to the conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b. When a plurality of antenna elements are implemented on the glass panel 310, the feeding structure 1100f made of the second dielectric substrate 1000b can also be implemented as a plurality of feeding structures.

[0266] Reference Figure 23b (c), the transparent antenna assembly 1000 may be attached to the glass panel 310. In this regard, the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a formed with a transparent electrode layer may be disposed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. On the other hand, the second dielectric substrate 1000b as an opaque substrate may be disposed in the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310.

[0267] Reference Figure 23b(d), the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be joined at a first position P1. The connector component 313 such as a FAKRA cable can be joined to the second dielectric substrate 1000b at a second position P2. The transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be combined with the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 using the connector component 313. To this end, the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be electrically connected to the connector at one end of the connector component 313. The connector at the other end of the connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300.

[0268] On the other hand, the feeding structure 1110f of the antenna assembly of the present specification can be configured in the area of ​​the glass panel 310 where the frit pattern 312 is removed. In this regard, Fig.23c express Fig.13a or Fig.13b A process flow chart of a structure in which the feeding structure of the antenna assembly is configured in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel.

[0269] Fig.23c The antenna components and Figure 23b The difference in the structure of the antenna assembly is that the opaque substrate is integrally made on the glass panel 310, rather than being made separately. Fig.23c In the antenna assembly, the feeding structure implemented by the opaque substrate is implemented by directly printing on the glass panel 310, rather than being made separately by the FPCB.

[0270] Reference Fig.23c (a), a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a having a transparent electrode layer formed thereon can be manufactured. In addition, a glass panel 310 having a transparent region 311 and an opaque region 312 can be manufactured. In the glass panel manufacturing process of the vehicle, a metal wire / pad for connector connection can be realized (fired). As in the case of a heat wire realized in the glass of the vehicle, a transparent antenna mounting portion can be realized in a metal form on the glass panel 310. In this regard, in order to electrically connect to the first conductive pattern of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a, a second conductive pattern can be realized in the region having the adhesive layer 1041 formed thereon. Fig.13a or Fig.13b The antenna pattern 1100 of the antenna region 1100 a of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000 a . Fig.13a or Fig.13b The feeding pattern 1100f and the ground conductive pattern 1100g of the feeding region 1100b of the antenna assembly 1000 may be formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b.

[0271] In this regard, the second dielectric substrate 1000b formed with the second conductive pattern may be manufactured integrally with the glass panel 310. The second dielectric substrate 1000b may be integrally formed with the glass panel 310 at the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. The frit pattern 312 formed with the opaque region 312 of the second dielectric substrate 1000b may be removed. The second conductive pattern may be realized by forming a feed pattern 1120f on the second dielectric substrate 1000b and forming ground patterns 1121g, 1122g on both sides of the feed pattern 1120f.

[0272] Reference Fig.23c (b), the transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be attached to the glass panel 310. In this regard, a first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a formed with a transparent electrode layer can be configured in a transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. The antenna assembly 1000 can be manufactured by combining at least one second dielectric substrate 1000b in a lower region of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be combined by ACF bonding or low-temperature welding to realize a transparent antenna assembly. Thus, the first conductive pattern formed on the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a can be electrically connected to the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1000b. When a plurality of antenna elements are implemented on the glass panel 310, the feeding structure 1100f made of the second dielectric substrate 1000b can also be implemented as a plurality of feeding structures.

[0273] Reference Fig.23c (c), the first transparent dielectric substrate 1000a and the second dielectric substrate 1000b can be joined at a first position P1. The connector component 313 such as a FAKRA cable can be joined to the second dielectric substrate 1000b at a second position P2. The transparent antenna assembly 1000 can be combined with the telematics control unit (TCU) 300 using the connector component 313. To this end, the second conductive pattern formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b can be electrically connected to the connector at one end of the connector component 313. The connector at the other end of the connector component 313 can be electrically connected to the telematics control unit (TCU) 300.

[0274] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 23c , a vehicle with an antenna assembly having a transparent antenna structure of the present specification is described. The antenna assembly 1000 may be a GNSS antenna for a vehicle. The vehicle may include a glass panel 310 and the antenna assembly 1000. The glass panel 310 may include a transparent area 311 and an opaque area 312. The antenna assembly 1000 may be configured on the glass panel 310.

[0275] The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a, an antenna pattern 1100, a connection pattern 1100c, and a second dielectric substrate 1010b. The antenna assembly 1000 may further include a ground conductive pattern 1110g and a feeding pattern 1110f formed on the second dielectric substrate 1010b.

[0276] The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be disposed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310. The antenna pattern 1100 can be disposed in the first region on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and configured to radiate a wireless signal of a GNSS or GPS frequency band. The first region 1100a on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a can be disposed in the transparent region 311 of the glass panel 310.

[0277] The connection pattern 1100c may be configured to connect the antenna pattern 1100 and the feeding pattern 1110f. The connection pattern 1100c may include a first connection pattern 1110c as an end of the antenna pattern 1100 and a second connection pattern 1120c as an end of the feeding pattern 1110f. The connection pattern 1100c may be configured in a second area 1100b on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a or the second dielectric substrate 1010b. The second area 1100b on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be configured in the opaque area 312 of the glass panel 310.

[0278] The second dielectric substrate 1010b may be disposed in the opaque region 312 of the glass panel 310. The ground conductive pattern 1110g and the feeding pattern 1110f may be disposed in the second region 1100b on one side of the second dielectric substrate 1010b.

[0279] The antenna pattern 1100 may include a signal pattern 1120, a first ground pattern 1130, a first slot 1130s, a second ground pattern 1140, and a second slot 1140s. The signal pattern 1120 may be connected to the feed pattern 1110f of the second region 1100b. The first ground pattern 1130 may be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second region 1100b. The first slot 1130s may be formed between the signal pattern 1120 and the first ground pattern 1130. The first slot 1130s may be configured to radiate a circularly polarized first signal having a first frequency band.

[0280] The second ground pattern 1140 may be configured to be connected to the ground conductive pattern 1110g of the second region 1100a and surround the first ground pattern 1130. The second slot 1140s may be formed between the first ground pattern 1130 and the second ground pattern 1140. The second slot 1140s may be configured to radiate a circularly polarized second signal having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. The length of the second slot 1140s formed inside the second ground pattern 1140 may be formed in a range between 3 / 4 and one wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the second frequency band. The second ground pattern 1140 is formed to surround the first ground pattern 1130, thereby preventing the first signal radiated by the first slot 1130s from leaking to the vehicle glass 310 outside the second ground pattern 1140. In addition, the second ground pattern 1140 formed to surround the first ground pattern 1130 forms radiation patterns of the first signal in the first frequency band and the second signal in the second frequency band toward the ceiling direction of the vehicle.

[0281] At least a portion of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a circular shape. The diameter of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the first frequency band. The first portion 1131 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a circular shape. The second portion 1132 of the inner boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 may be formed in a straight line along one axis direction and another axis direction. The first ground pattern 1130 may be formed along one axis direction with a first width W1 and a second width W2 narrower than the first width W1.

[0282] The ground conductive pattern 1110f may include a first portion 1111g, a second portion 1112g, a third portion 1113g, and a fourth portion 1114g.

[0283] The first portion 1111g may be configured to be connected to the first ground pattern 1130. The first portion 1111g may be configured to be connected to one end portion of the first ground pattern 1130 formed on one side of the signal pattern 1120. The first portion 1111g may be configured to have an upper region G1a and a lower region G1b.

[0284] The second portion 1112g may be configured to be connected to the second ground pattern 110. The second portion 1112g may be configured to be connected to the other end portion of the first ground pattern 1130 formed on the other side of the signal pattern 1120. The second portion 1112g may be configured to have an upper region G2a and a lower region G2b. A feed pattern 1110f may be formed between the first portion 1111g and the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0285] The third portion 1113g may be connected to the lower region G1b of the first portion 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The third portion 1113g may be spaced a predetermined distance from the upper region G1a of the first portion 1111g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g.

[0286] The fourth portion 1114g may be configured to be connected to the lower region G2b of the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The fourth portion 1114g may be configured to be separated from the upper region G2a of the second portion 1112g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g by a predetermined interval. The width of the third portion 1113g of the conductive pattern separated from the upper region G1a of the first portion 1111g and the fourth portion 1114g separated from the upper region G2a of the second portion 1112g may be formed in a range between 2 mm and 6 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the first signal of the first frequency band having circular polarization and the second signal of the second frequency band may be maintained below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB.

[0287] The ground conductive pattern 1110g may further include a fifth portion 1115g and a sixth portion 1116g. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the third portion 1130g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the second ground pattern 1140 or is separated by a first gap interval G1. The other end of the fifth portion 1115g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the one end of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on one side of the signal pattern 1120 or is separated by a first gap interval G1. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that one end thereof is connected to the fourth portion 1114g of the ground conductive pattern 1110g. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the second ground pattern 1140 or is separated by a first gap interval G1. The sixth portion 1116g may be configured such that the other end thereof is connected to the other end of the second ground pattern 1140 formed on the other side of the signal pattern 1120 or is separated by a first gap interval G1. The first gap interval may be formed in a range between 1.5 mm and 4.5 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the second signal with circular polarization in the second frequency band may be kept below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB.

[0288] On the other hand, the width of the second ground pattern 1140 in the one-axis direction can be formed in the range between 11 mm and 14 mm. Thus, the axial ratio of the first signal of the first frequency band with circular polarization and the second signal of the second frequency band can be kept below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB. The inner boundary of the second ground pattern 1140 and the outer boundary of the first ground pattern 1130 can be configured to be separated by a second gap interval G2 along the one-axis direction as the horizontal direction. The second gap interval G2 can be formed in the range between 3 mm and 6 mm. By having the second ground pattern 1140 with the second gap interval G2, it is possible to prevent the first signal radiated by the first slot 1130s from leaking to the vehicle glass 310 outside the second ground pattern 1140. In addition, by having the second ground pattern 1140 with the second gap interval G2, the axial ratio of the second signal of the second frequency band with circular polarization can be kept below a critical value, for example, below 6 dB.

[0289] Hereinafter, a vehicle having an antenna module according to one aspect of the present specification will be described in detail. Fig.24 This shows a configuration in which a plurality of antenna modules disposed at different positions of the vehicle of this specification are combined with other components of the vehicle.

[0290] Reference Figures 1 to 24 The vehicle 500 has a conductive vehicle body that acts as an electrical ground. The vehicle 500 may have a plurality of antennas 1100a to 1100d that may be disposed at different positions of the glass panel 310. The antenna assembly 1000 may be configured such that the plurality of antennas 1100a to 1100d include a communication module 300. The communication module 300 may include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a processor 1400. The communication module 300 may be equivalent to a TCU of the vehicle or constitute at least a portion of a TCU.

[0291] The vehicle 500 may include an object detection device 520 and a navigation system 550. The vehicle 500 may include an additional processor 570 in addition to the processor 1400 included in the communication module 300. The additional processor 570 may be physically distinguished from the processor 1400 or may be functionally distinguished and implemented on a substrate. The processor 1400 may be implemented as a TCU, and the processor 570 may be implemented as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0292] In the case where the vehicle 500 is an autonomous driving vehicle, the processor 570 may be an autonomous driving integrated controller (ADCU: Automated Driving Control Unit) integrated with an ECU. Based on the information sensed by the camera 531, the radar 532, and / or the laser radar 533, the processor 570 may search for a path and control the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle 500. To this end, the processor 570 may be linked with the processor 530 equivalent to the MCU in the object detection device 520 and / or the communication module 300 equivalent to the TCU.

[0293] The vehicle 500 may include a first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a and a second dielectric substrate 1010b disposed on a glass panel 310. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be formed inside the glass panel 310 of the vehicle or attached to the surface of the glass panel 310. The first transparent dielectric substrate 1010a may be configured to form a conductive pattern in the form of a metal mesh. The vehicle 500 may include an antenna module 1100 in which a conductive pattern in the form of a metal mesh is formed on one side of the dielectric substrate 1010 to radiate a wireless signal.

[0294] The antenna assembly 1000 may include a first antenna module 1100a to a fourth antenna module 1100d to perform multiple input multiple output (MIMO). The first antenna module 1100a may be configured at the upper left side of the glass panel 310, the second antenna module 1100b may be configured at the lower left side, the third antenna module 1100c may be configured at the upper right side, and the fourth antenna module 1100d may be configured at the lower right side. The first antenna module 1100a may be referred to as the first antenna ANT1, the second antenna module 1100b may be referred to as the second antenna ANT2, the third antenna module 1100c may be referred to as the third antenna ANT3, and the fourth antenna module 1100d may be referred to as the fourth antenna ANT4. The first antenna ANT1 may be referred to as the first antenna module ANT1, the second antenna ANT2 may be referred to as the second antenna module ANT2, the third antenna ANT3 may be referred to as the third antenna module ANT3, and the fourth antenna ANT4 may be referred to as the fourth antenna module ANT4. The first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4 can be configured to radiate signals of 4G and 5G frequency bands to perform 4G wireless communication and 5G wireless communication. At least one of the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4 can be configured as a vehicle GNSS antenna and radiate signals of the first frequency band (L1 frequency band) and the second frequency band (L5 frequency band).

[0295] As described above, the vehicle 500 may include a telematics control unit (TCU) 300 as a communication module. The TCU 300 may be controlled to transmit and receive signals through at least one of the first to fourth antenna modules 1100a to 1100d. The TCU 300 may include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a baseband processor 1400.

[0296] Thus, the vehicle may further include a transceiver circuit 1250 and a processor 1400. A portion of the transceiver circuit 1250 may also be configured in units of antenna modules or a combination thereof. The transceiver circuit 1250 may be controlled so that a wireless signal of at least one of the first to third frequency bands is radiated through antenna modules ANT1 to ANT4. The first to third frequency bands may be a low frequency band (LB), a middle frequency band (MB), and a high frequency band (HB) for 4G / 5G wireless communications, but are not limited thereto.

[0297] The processor 1400 is operably combined with the transceiver circuit 1250 and can be composed of a modem operating at a baseband. The processor 1400 can be configured to receive or send a signal through at least one of the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2. The processor 1400 can perform a diversity operation or a MIMO operation using the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 to transmit the signal to the interior of the vehicle.

[0298] The antenna module may be disposed in different areas on one side and the other side of the glass panel 310. The antenna module may simultaneously receive signals from the front direction of the vehicle and perform multiple input multiple output (MIMO). In this regard, the antenna module may further include a third antenna module ANT3 and a fourth antenna module ANT4 in addition to the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 to perform 4X4 MIMO.

[0299] The processor 1400 may be configured to select an antenna module to communicate with the entity based on the driving path of the vehicle and the communication path of the entity communicating with the vehicle. The processor 1400 may perform MIMO operation using the first antenna module ANT1 and the second antenna module ANT2 based on the direction of the vehicle. Alternatively, the processor 1400 may perform MIMO operation using the third antenna module ANT2 and the second antenna module ANT4 based on the direction of the vehicle.

[0300] The processor 1400 may perform multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in the first frequency band through two or more antennas among the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4. The processor 1400 may perform multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in at least one of the second frequency band and the third frequency band through two or more antennas among the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4.

[0301] Therefore, when the signal transmission and reception performance of the vehicle decreases in a certain frequency band, the vehicle can transmit and receive signals through other frequency bands. As an example, for a wider communication coverage and connection reliability, the vehicle can preferentially perform communication connection in the first frequency band, which is a low frequency band, and then perform communication connection in the second and third frequency bands.

[0302] The processor 1400 can control the transceiver circuit 1250 to perform carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (DC) through at least one of the first antenna ANT1 to the fourth antenna ANT4. In this regard, the communication capacity can be expanded by aggregating the second and third frequency bands that are wider than the first frequency band. In addition, the communication reliability can be improved by utilizing a plurality of antenna elements configured in different areas of the vehicle to provide dual connectivity with surrounding vehicles or entities.

[0303] The broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be disposed on the vehicle glass and the vehicle having the same have been described above. Next, the technical effects of the broadband transparent antenna assembly that can be disposed on the vehicle glass and the vehicle as described above will be described.

[0304] According to the present specification, a GNSS antenna disposed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass is formed with a double-slot structure, so that the GNSS antenna can operate in dual frequency bands.

[0305] According to the present specification, the circular polarization characteristics of a GNSS antenna disposed in a specific area of ​​a vehicle glass can be improved in dual frequency bands by optimizing the double groove structure and the conductive pattern.

[0306] According to the present specification, a conductive pattern operating as a radiator and a ground conductive pattern as a GNSS antenna operating in a dual-band with circular polarization can be implemented on a single layer.

[0307] According to this specification, when a GNSS antenna implemented by a transparent antenna is attached to a vehicle glass, a transparent substrate is arranged on the transparent substrate of the vehicle glass, and an opaque substrate is arranged on the opaque area of ​​the vehicle glass, thereby minimizing changes in antenna characteristics caused by the vehicle glass.

[0308] According to the present specification, when a GNSS antenna implemented by a transparent antenna is attached to a vehicle glass, invisibility can be improved by a virtual metal mesh structure so that an antenna pattern cannot be distinguished by naked eyes.

[0309] According to the present specification, it is possible to provide a GNSS antenna structure having a structure capable of reducing the influence of vehicle glass using a transparent material and capable of performing satellite communication through a dual-band circular polarization operation in a single-layer structure.

[0310] The following detailed description will further clarify the additional scope to which this specification can be applied. However, since a person skilled in the art can clearly understand the various changes and modifications within the concept and scope of this specification, it should be understood that the specific embodiments of the preferred embodiments described in detail and this specification are only examples.

[0311] In connection with the aforementioned present specification, the design and driving of an antenna assembly including a transparent antenna and a vehicle controlling the same can be implemented by a computer-readable code on a medium having a program recorded thereon. Computer-readable media include all types of storage devices storing data that can be read by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable media include HDD (Hard Disk Drive), solid-state drive (SSD: Solid State Disk), SDD (Silicon Disk Drive), ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, etc., and can also be implemented in the form of a carrier wave (e.g., Internet-based transmission). In addition, the computer may also include a control unit of a terminal. Therefore, the detailed description described above should not be construed as restrictive in all respects, but should be construed as exemplary. The scope of this specification should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of this specification should fall within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A vehicle, wherein: include: Vehicle glass, including transparent and opaque areas; A transparent dielectric substrate, disposed in the transparent region of the vehicle glass; A first region including an antenna on one side of the transparent dielectric substrate; as well as A second region includes a feeding pattern and a ground conductive pattern electrically connected to the antenna; The antenna comprises: a signal pattern connected to the feeding pattern of the second area; a first ground pattern connected to the ground conductive pattern of the second region; a first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first circularly polarized signal having a first frequency band; a second ground pattern connected to or separated from the ground conductive pattern of the second region and surrounding the first ground pattern; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and configured to radiate a circularly polarized second signal having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band; The length of the second groove formed inside the second ground pattern is formed in a range between 3 / 4 of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency in the second frequency band and one wavelength; The second ground pattern is formed to surround the first ground pattern, thereby preventing the first signal radiated from the first slot from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and radiation patterns of the first and second signals are formed toward a ceiling direction of the vehicle.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: at least a portion of an outer side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape; The diameter of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency in the first frequency band.

3. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: A first portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape, and a second portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a straight line along one axial direction and another axial direction; The first ground pattern is formed along the one-axis direction with a first width and a second width narrower than the first width.

4. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the second ground pattern in the one-axis direction is formed in a range between 11 mm and 14 mm, thereby maintaining the axial ratio of the first signal and the second signal having circular polarization below a critical value.

5. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: The ground conductive pattern comprises: a first portion connected to the first ground pattern and having an upper region and a lower region; a second portion connected to the first ground pattern, having an upper region and a lower region, wherein the feed pattern is formed between the first portion and the second portion of the ground conductive pattern; a third portion connected to a lower region of the first portion of the ground conductive pattern and spaced apart from an upper region of the first portion; and The fourth portion is connected to the lower region of the second portion of the ground conductive pattern and is separated from the upper region of the second portion.

6. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: The widths of the third portion of the ground conductive pattern separated from the upper area of ​​the first portion and the fourth portion separated from the upper area of ​​the second portion are formed in a range between 2 mm and 6 mm, thereby maintaining the axial ratios of the first signal and the second signal having circular polarization below a critical value.

7. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: Also includes: a fifth portion, one end of which is connected to the third portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is connected to the second ground pattern; and The sixth portion has one end connected to the fourth portion of the ground conductive pattern and the other end connected to the second ground pattern.

8. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein: Also includes: a fifth portion, one end of which is connected to the third portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is separated from the second ground pattern by a first gap; and a sixth portion, one end of which is connected to the fourth portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is separated from the second ground pattern by a first gap; The first gap interval is formed to be less than 1.5 mm, thereby maintaining the axial ratio of the circularly polarized second signal having the second frequency band below a critical value.

9. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein: A second gap interval between an inner side boundary of the second ground pattern and an outer side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a range between 3 mm and 6 mm; The second ground pattern having the second gap interval prevents the first signal radiated by the first slot from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and keeps the axial ratio of the circularly polarized second signal having the second frequency band below a critical value.

10. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein: An outer side boundary of an upper area of ​​the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape; A portion of an upper region and an inner boundary and an outer boundary of a side region of the second ground pattern are formed in a straight line form.

11. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein: An outer side boundary of an upper area of ​​the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape; Outer sides of the upper region and the side region of the second ground pattern are formed in a straight line or in a circular shape in the first region.

12. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein: The second ground pattern comprises: a first sub-pattern connected to or separated from the first ground conductive pattern by a first gap; a second sub-pattern connected to or separated from the first ground conductive pattern by a first gap; and The third sub-pattern is spaced apart from the end of the first sub-pattern and the end of the second sub-pattern by a predetermined gap, and forms an upper region of the second ground pattern.

13. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein: The signal pattern, the first ground pattern, and the second ground pattern are formed on the transparent dielectric substrate in a metal mesh shape having inner regions connected to each other and having a plurality of open regions at inner and outer boundaries; The signal pattern, the first ground pattern, and the second ground pattern are formed on the transparent dielectric substrate in a coplanar waveguide structure.

14. The vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that The antenna components formed in the first region and the second region include a plurality of virtual grid patterns, and the plurality of virtual grid patterns are arranged on the outer portion of the metal mesh-shaped conductive pattern on the transparent dielectric substrate; A plurality of the dummy grid patterns are not connected to the feed pattern and the ground conductive pattern; The plurality of virtual grid patterns are separated from each other.

15. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein: The virtual grid pattern comprises: a first dummy grid pattern disposed in the first groove as an outer portion of the signal pattern, the first dummy grid patterns being separated from each other along one axis direction and another axis direction and being separated from each other at a boundary between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern; and The second dummy mesh patterns are arranged in the second groove as the outer portion of the first ground pattern, and are separated from each other along one axis direction and another axis direction and from the boundary between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern.

16. A vehicle, wherein: include: A glass panel including a transparent area and an opaque area; as well as An antenna assembly is arranged on the glass panel; The antenna assembly comprises: A first transparent dielectric substrate, disposed in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; an antenna pattern, arranged in a first area on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate, wherein the first area on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate is arranged in the transparent area of ​​the glass panel; a connection pattern connected to the antenna pattern and arranged in the second area on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate, wherein the second area on one side of the first transparent dielectric substrate is arranged in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel; A second dielectric substrate is disposed in the opaque area of ​​the glass panel; and A ground conductive pattern and a feeding pattern are arranged in a second area on one side surface of the second dielectric substrate; The antenna pattern comprises: a signal pattern connected to the feeding pattern of the second area; a first ground pattern connected to the ground conductive pattern of the second region; a first slot formed between the signal pattern and the first ground pattern and configured to radiate a first circularly polarized signal having a first frequency band; a second ground pattern connected to or separated from the ground conductive pattern of the second region and surrounding the first ground pattern; and a second slot formed between the first ground pattern and the second ground pattern and configured to radiate a circularly polarized second signal having a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band; The length of the second groove formed inside the second ground pattern is formed in a range between 3 / 4 of a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency in the second frequency band and one wavelength; The second ground pattern is formed to surround the first ground pattern, thereby preventing the first signal radiated from the first slot from leaking to the vehicle glass outside the second ground pattern, and radiation patterns of the first and second signals are formed toward a ceiling direction of the vehicle.

17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein: at least a portion of an outer side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape; The diameter of the outer boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a range between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2 of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency in the first frequency band; A first portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a circular shape, and a second portion of the inner side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a straight line along one axial direction and another axial direction; The first ground pattern is formed along the one-axis direction with a first width and a second width narrower than the first width.

18. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein: The ground conductive pattern comprises: a first portion connected to the first ground pattern and having an upper region and a lower region; a second portion connected to the second ground pattern, having an upper region and a lower region, wherein the feed pattern is formed between the first portion and the second portion of the ground conductive pattern; a third portion connected to a lower region of the first portion of the ground conductive pattern and spaced apart from an upper region of the first portion; and a fourth portion connected to a lower region of the second portion of the ground conductive pattern and separated from an upper region of the second portion; The widths of the third portion of the conductive pattern spaced apart from an upper region of the first portion and the fourth portion spaced apart from an upper region of the second region are formed in a range between 2 mm and 6 mm.

19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein: The ground conductive pattern further includes: a fifth portion, one end of which is connected to the third portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is connected to the second ground pattern or separated by a first gap; and a sixth portion, one end of which is connected to the fourth portion of the ground conductive pattern, and the other end of which is connected to the second ground pattern or separated by a first gap; The first gap interval is formed in a range between 1.5 mm and 4.5 mm.

20. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein: The width of the second conductive pattern in one axis direction is formed in a range between 11 mm and 14 mm; A second gap interval between an inner side boundary of the second ground pattern and an outer side boundary of the first ground pattern is formed in a range between 3 mm and 6 mm.

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