Method for controlling adult longhorn beetles through purse seine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of longhorn beetle prevention and control, and particularly discloses a method for preventing and controlling longhorn beetle adults through a purse seine, and the method comprises the steps: S1, investigation and analysis, S2, purse seine installation, S3, intelligent monitoring and early warning system deployment, S4, pathogenic microorganism prevention and control, S5, monitoring and maintenance, and S6, effect evaluation. Through the intelligent monitoring and early warning system, activity information of adult longhorn beetles can be obtained in real time, targeted prevention and control measures can be taken in time, mass propagation of the adult longhorn beetles is avoided, and the damaged area of trees is reduced; a multi-layer and multi-link protection system is formed through combined use of purse seine prevention and control, an intelligent monitoring and early warning system and a symbiotic microorganism technology, physical invasion of adult longhorn beetles is effectively blocked by the purse seine, biological control is provided by symbiotic microorganisms in the purse seine, controllability and timely response of the whole process are guaranteed by the intelligent system, and the safety of the whole process is guaranteed. The synergistic effect obviously improves the prevention and treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of longhorn beetle prevention and control, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling longhorn beetle adults using a fence. Background Art

[0002] At present, the prevention and control of adult longhorn beetles traditionally relies on the spraying of chemical pesticides. Although this method can control the number of longhorn beetles to a certain extent, its disadvantages are also obvious. First, the use of chemical pesticides has caused serious pollution to the environment, destroyed the ecological balance, and affected biodiversity. Secondly, the long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides can easily lead to drug resistance in the longhorn beetle population, which gradually reduces the prevention and control effect and forms a vicious circle. In addition, chemical pesticides may also pose a potential threat to the health of surrounding humans, animals and plants.

[0003] Although the method of using fences alone for physical isolation can effectively block the direct invasion of adult longhorn beetles and reduce their direct damage to trees, its protective effect is relatively simple and lacks real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanisms for the dynamic changes of longhorn beetle populations. At the same time, once the fence is damaged or improperly set up, it may lose its due protective function, resulting in a significant reduction in the prevention and control effect.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing technologies, the industry has begun to explore more comprehensive and efficient prevention and control strategies. Combining fence prevention and control with intelligent monitoring and early warning systems and symbiotic microbial technology is an innovative model that has emerged in this context. Through real-time data collection and analysis by intelligent monitoring systems, the activity patterns and distribution of adult longhorn beetles can be accurately grasped, providing a scientific basis for prevention and control measures.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors proposed a method for controlling adult longhorn beetles using a fence to solve the above-mentioned problem. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling adult longhorn beetles using a fence to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for controlling longhorn beetle adults using a seine net comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Investigation and analysis: Before the adult season of longhorn beetles, determine the main activity areas and times of longhorn beetles through historical data and on-site surveys, calculate the density of longhorn beetles, conduct equipment tests, and check the working status of intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment to ensure that it can work normally;

[0010] S2. Install the fence. Choose an insect-proof net with a mesh size of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. Wrap the insect-proof net from the bottom of the tree trunk, covering the trunk and main branches. Make sure the lower edge of the net is buried 10 to 20 cm underground and secure it to the trunk with a tie or rope.

[0011] S3. Deployment of intelligent monitoring and early warning system. Intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment is installed inside and outside the fenced area. A remote monitoring system is set up to transmit data in real time to the management center or mobile phone application for easy viewing at any time. Monitoring equipment is calibrated, and a prediction model for the activity of adult longhorn beetles is established. The identification criteria and alarm threshold of adult longhorn beetles are set. Once the system detects the activity of adult longhorn beetles, an alarm message is sent immediately. Combined with historical data, the sensitivity of the early warning system is adjusted to reduce false alarms and improve accuracy.

[0012] S4. Pathogenic microorganism control: regularly spray microbial preparations in the area covered by the fence to infect and kill the adult longhorn beetles and reduce their number. According to the life cycle of the adult longhorn beetles, spraying is carried out in the early, middle and late stages of adult flight to cover the entire active period of the adult longhorn beetles. Longhorn beetle traps are set inside and outside the fence, and microbial preparations are used to kill them;

[0013] S5. Monitoring and maintenance: Use the intelligent monitoring system to regularly check the activities of adult longhorn beetles inside and outside the fence, evaluate the protective effect of the fence, and take timely remedial measures once abnormal activities or increases in numbers are found, including increasing the frequency of microbial spraying or strengthening the sealing of the fence; check the integrity of the fence every week, repair any damage, and ensure the continuity of protection;

[0014] S6. Effect evaluation: After the active season of adult longhorn beetles ends, check whether there are new drilling holes or other signs of damage in the trees, and count the number of adult longhorn beetles captured to evaluate the combined effects of the enclosure and microbial control. Combined with the historical data of the intelligent monitoring system, evaluate the effectiveness of different measures and find the optimal combination.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment includes cameras, infrared sensors and Internet of Things sensors. The cameras, infrared sensors or Internet of Things sensors are installed to ensure that the cameras and sensors can cover key areas of the trees, including places where adult longhorn beetles have appeared.

[0016] Preferably, the microbial preparation includes Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis.

[0017] Preferably, the expression for the density of adult longhorn beetles in step S1 is:

[0018]

[0019] Dt: Density of adult longhorn beetles at a certain time point t, unit: pieces / square meter;

[0020] Nt: the number of adult longhorn beetles captured or observed at a certain time point t, unit: individual;

[0021] A: area of ​​observation or fence coverage, unit: square meters;

[0022] By calculating the adult density Dt of longhorn beetles, the activity intensity and distribution of adult longhorn beetles can be evaluated in real time, which can be used to rationally allocate prevention and control resources, adjust the density of enclosures and spray microbial preparations.

[0023] Preferably, the prediction model of the activity of longhorn beetle adults in step S3 is expressed as:

[0024] P(t)=P0+e -kt

[0025] P(t): Activity intensity of longhorn beetle adults at time t;

[0026] P0: initial activity intensity of adult longicorn beetles;

[0027] k: activity attenuation coefficient of adult longicorn beetles;

[0028] t: time;

[0029] The above formula is based on the exponential decay model and is used to predict the changes in the activity intensity of adult longhorn beetles in the area covered by the fence. By determining the initial activity intensity P0 and the decay coefficient k, the activity level of adult longhorn beetles at different time points is predicted to guide the optimization and adjustment of prevention and control measures.

[0030] Preferably, the sensitivity of the early warning system in step S3 is expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system;

[0033] TP: the number of adults of the longicorn beetle correctly detected by the system;

[0034] FN: number of longicorn adults missed by the system;

[0035] The above formula is used to evaluate the performance of the intelligent monitoring system, especially its accuracy in identifying adult longhorn beetles. The higher the sensitivity Sm, the more effectively the system can capture the emergence of adult longhorn beetles, thereby issuing early warnings and taking preventive measures in a timely manner.

[0036] Preferably, the frequency calculation expression for spraying the microbial preparation in step S4 is:

[0037] Em= Nb-Na

[0038] Nb

[0039] Em: efficiency of microbial preparation use, unit: percentage;

[0040] Nb: the number of adult longhorn beetles before the application of microbial agents, unit: individual;

[0041] Na: the number of adult longhorn beetles after application of microbial preparations, unit: individual;

[0042] The above formula is used to evaluate the actual control effect of microbial preparations. By calculating Em, the insecticidal effect of the preparation is determined, thereby deciding whether it is necessary to adjust the dosage, application frequency or change the type of microbial preparation.

[0043] Preferably, the expression for evaluating the protective effect of the fence in step S5 is:

[0044] Ew=1-e -dc

[0045] Ew: the effect of fence protection;

[0046] d: influence coefficient of fence material and sealing performance;

[0047] C: fence coverage, i.e. the proportion of the coverage area to the total area;

[0048] The above formula describes the relationship between the coverage rate of the fence and the protective effect. As the coverage rate C increases, the protective effect Ew improves, but as C approaches 1, the improvement in the effect gradually slows down. Through this formula, the coverage plan of the fence can be optimized to achieve a balance between effective protection and cost control.

[0049] Preferably, the evaluation expression of the comprehensive effect in step S6 is:

[0050] Et=w1×Em+w2×Ew+w3×Sm

[0051] Etota l: comprehensive control effect;

[0052] Em: efficiency of microbial preparations;

[0053] Ew: the effect of fence protection;

[0054] Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system;

[0055] w1,w2,w3: importance weights of each control measure;

[0056] The above formula is used to comprehensively evaluate the overall effect of various prevention and control measures. By adjusting the weight wi of each measure, the optimal combination of prevention and control strategies is determined to maximize the control effect of adult longhorn beetles.

[0057] Preferably, the longhorn beetle trap utilizes pheromones, sex attractants or alcohol compounds to attract adult longhorn beetles.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] (1) The present invention can obtain the activity information of adult longhorn beetles in real time through the intelligent monitoring and early warning system, and can take targeted prevention and control measures in time to avoid the massive reproduction of adult longhorn beetles and reduce the area of ​​tree damage; the combined use of fence control, intelligent monitoring and early warning system and symbiotic microorganism technology has formed a multi-level and multi-link protection system. The fence effectively blocks the physical invasion of adult longhorn beetles, while the symbiotic microorganisms provide biological control within the net, and the intelligent system ensures the controllability and timely response of the entire process. Such a synergistic effect significantly improves the prevention and control efficiency.

[0060] (2) The symbiotic microbial preparations in the present invention, such as Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis, are environmentally friendly biological control methods that reduce pollution to the environment. At the same time, the use of microbial preparations reduces dependence on chemical agents, which is beneficial to maintaining the balance of the ecosystem in the long term. The insect-proof net can be cleaned and stored after a season of use and reused in the next longhorn beetle adult season, which reduces the cost of control and reduces resource waste.

[0061] (3) The present invention can perform big data analysis through the data accumulation of the intelligent monitoring system, and deeply understand the activity patterns of the adult longhorn beetles and the effects of the control measures. This not only helps to summarize and optimize the current control work, but also provides a valuable reference for future control work, ensuring that the control plan for the next season is more scientific and efficient. According to the data analysis results, the control strategy can be adjusted and optimized in real time, such as increasing the frequency of spraying microbial preparations in a certain period of time or improving the closing method of the enclosure, thereby continuously improving the success rate of the control of adult longhorn beetles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for controlling longhorn beetle adults using a seine net according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a block diagram of the intelligent monitoring and early warning device of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a composition diagram of the microbial preparation of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 A block diagram for evaluating the comprehensive effect of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 It is a block diagram of the longhorn beetle trap of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 It is a frame diagram of the investigation composition of the activities of the longhorn beetle adults of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Embodiment 1:

[0070] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a fence comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1. Investigation and analysis: Before the adult season of longhorn beetles, determine the main activity areas and times of longhorn beetles through historical data and on-site surveys, calculate the density of longhorn beetles, conduct equipment tests, and check the working status of intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment, including cameras, infrared sensors and IoT sensors, to ensure that they can work normally;

[0072] Pest monitoring data:

[0073] Historical capture data: The number of adult longhorn beetles captured from May to August each year is about 500 to 1,000 per week.

[0074] Tree damage: In 100 hectares of forest land, about 15% of the trees showed signs of holes drilled by adult longhorn beetles.

[0075] Environmental temperature and humidity records: When the daytime temperature is between 25-35℃ and the relative humidity is between 60%-80%, the adult insects are most active.

[0076] Monitoring equipment parameters:

[0077] Equipment working status: Infrared sensing camera, each monitoring point collects data 24 hours a day.

[0078] Monitoring range: Each camera covers a circular area with a radius of about 10 meters. It is recommended to set up a monitoring point for every 5 hectares of forest land.

[0079] Signal transmission quality: The data transmission rate is 50Mbps, ensuring real-time monitoring;

[0080] S2. Install the fence. Choose an insect-proof net with a mesh size of 1 mm. Wrap the insect-proof net from the bottom of the tree trunk, covering the trunk and main branches. Make sure the lower edge of the net is buried 15 cm underground and fix it to the trunk with a cable tie.

[0081] Tree height and circumference: The tree height is about 15 meters, the average breast diameter is 30 centimeters, and the height of the net covers the tree trunk to 8 meters.

[0082] Insect-proof net size and coverage: Each net is 20 meters long and 10 meters wide, with a mesh diameter of approximately 2 mm.

[0083] Fixing material parameters: Use adhesive tape with a width of 5 cm and a thickness of 1 mm. A single roll of tape is about 50 meters long, and each tree consumes 2 rolls of tape.

[0084] Adhesive strength of insect-proof tape: The adhesive force is 10 Newtons per square centimeter, which can effectively fix the gap between the net and the bark.

[0085] Seal inspection frequency: Check at least once a week, and reinforce in time if looseness is found;

[0086] S3. Deployment of intelligent monitoring and early warning system. Intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment shall be installed inside and outside the fenced area. Cameras, infrared sensors or IoT sensors shall be installed to ensure that cameras and sensors can cover key areas of trees, including places where adult longhorn beetles have appeared. A remote monitoring system shall be set up to transmit data to the management center and mobile phone applications in real time for easy viewing at any time. Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated, and a prediction model for the activity of adult longhorn beetles shall be established. The identification criteria and alarm thresholds of adult longhorn beetles shall be set. Once the system detects the activity of adult longhorn beetles, an alarm message shall be sent immediately. Combined with historical data, the sensitivity of the early warning system shall be adjusted to reduce false alarms and improve accuracy.

[0087] Installation angle and coverage: The camera is installed about 6 meters above the ground, with a depression angle of 45 degrees and a coverage area of ​​about 314 square meters (radius 10 meters).

[0088] Real-time data transmission capability: about 50MB of data is transmitted per hour, monitoring data is stored in the cloud, and historical data can be saved for 3 months;

[0089] Identification threshold setting: The system is set to trigger an alarm when more than 5 adult insects are captured continuously, and the false alarm rate is controlled within 5%;

[0090] Alarm triggering conditions: Each time an alarm is triggered, the manager must confirm and take action within 24 hours;

[0091] S4. Pathogenic microorganism control: Microbial preparations are sprayed regularly in the area covered by the fence. Microbial preparations include Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis, which are used to infect and kill adult longhorn beetles and reduce their number. According to the life cycle of adult longhorn beetles, spraying is carried out in the early, middle and late stages of adult flight to cover the entire active period of adult longhorn beetles. Longhorn beetle traps are set inside and outside the fence. Longhorn beetle traps use pheromones, sex attractants or alcohol compounds to attract adult longhorn beetles and kill them in combination with microbial preparations;

[0092] Microbial preparation spraying data:

[0093] Frequency of application: Spray once a month, increasing to once every two weeks during the rainy season (June to August).

[0094] Coverage area: Each spraying covers 20 hectares of forest land. It is recommended to be carried out in the early morning or evening.

[0095] Application dosage: Use 20 liters of liquid preparation per hectare and the spraying amount is 20 ml per square meter.

[0096] Trapping and Biological Control Data:

[0097] Trap placement: One trapping point is set up every 5 hectares, and the trap is hung in the tree canopy, 8 meters from the ground.

[0098] Attractant concentration: 10 ml of high-concentration longhorn beetle sex attractant is placed in each trap, and the attractant needs to be replaced every two weeks;

[0099] S5. Monitoring and maintenance: Use the intelligent monitoring system to regularly check the activities of adult longhorn beetles inside and outside the fence, evaluate the protective effect of the fence, and take timely remedial measures once abnormal activities or increases in numbers are found, including increasing the frequency of microbial spraying or strengthening the sealing of the fence; check the integrity of the fence every week, repair any damage, and ensure the continuity of protection;

[0100] Daily monitoring data:

[0101] Changes in the number of adult insects: After each spraying of microbial preparations, the number of adults decreased by about 30%, and the number of adults in the area covered by the fence decreased by 50%.

[0102] Residual effect of the preparation: After spraying the microbial preparation, the active ingredients of the preparation remain more than 90% active within 7 days.

[0103] Data analysis and feedback data:

[0104] Comparison data before and after prevention and control: the number of adult longhorn beetles in the area covered by the fence decreased from the initial 200 per week to 50 per week.

[0105] Number of alarms of the monitoring system: During the peak period of longhorn beetle activity (June to August), the system triggered alarms about 10 times per month, and the treatment efficiency reached 90%;

[0106] S6. Effect evaluation: After the active season of adult longhorn beetles ends, check whether there are new holes or other signs of damage in the trees, and count the number of captured adult longhorn beetles to evaluate the combined effect of seine nets and microbial control. Combined with the historical data of the intelligent monitoring system, evaluate the effectiveness of different measures and find the optimal combination;

[0107] Control effect evaluation data:

[0108] Adult population: After the entire control season, the overall population of longhorn beetle adults decreased by about 70%.

[0109] Tree damage: After the prevention and control work was completed, the proportion of damaged trees in the forest dropped to less than 5%.

[0110] Cost-benefit analysis: The cost of prevention and control per hectare of forest land is about RMB 2,000, and the effect is good.

[0111] From the above, we can see that the intelligent monitoring and early warning system can obtain real-time information on the activities of adult longhorn beetles. In this way, targeted prevention and control measures can be taken in a timely manner to prevent the large-scale reproduction of adult longhorn beetles and reduce the area of ​​tree damage;

[0112] The combination of fence control, intelligent monitoring and early warning system, and symbiotic microbial technology has formed a multi-level and multi-link protection system. The fence effectively blocks the physical invasion of adult longhorn beetles, while the symbiotic microorganisms provide biological control within the net, and the intelligent system ensures the controllability and timely response of the entire process. This synergistic effect significantly improves the efficiency of prevention and control.

[0113] Embodiment 2:

[0114] refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown in Figure 2, the expression for the density of longhorn beetle adults is:

[0115]

[0116] Dt: Density of adult longhorn beetles at a certain time point t, unit: pieces / square meter;

[0117] Nt: the number of adult longhorn beetles captured or observed at a certain time point t, unit: individual;

[0118] A: area of ​​observation or fence coverage, unit: square meters;

[0119] By calculating the adult density Dt of longhorn beetles, the activity intensity and distribution of adult longhorn beetles can be evaluated in real time, which can be used to rationally allocate prevention and control resources, adjust the density of enclosures and spray microbial preparations.

[0120] Specifically, the activity prediction model of longhorn beetle adults is expressed as:

[0121] P(t)=P0+e -kt

[0122] P(t): Activity intensity of longhorn beetle adults at time t;

[0123] P0: initial activity intensity of adult longicorn beetles;

[0124] k: activity attenuation coefficient of adult longicorn beetles;

[0125] t: time;

[0126] The above formula is based on the exponential decay model and is used to predict the changes in the activity intensity of adult longhorn beetles in the area covered by the fence. By determining the initial activity intensity P0 and the decay coefficient k, the activity level of adult longhorn beetles at different time points is predicted to guide the optimization and adjustment of prevention and control measures.

[0127] Specifically, the sensitivity of the early warning system is expressed as:

[0128]

[0129] Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system;

[0130] TP: the number of adults of the longicorn beetle correctly detected by the system;

[0131] FN: number of longicorn adults missed by the system;

[0132] The above formula is used to evaluate the performance of the intelligent monitoring system, especially its accuracy in identifying adult longhorn beetles. The higher the sensitivity Sm, the more effectively the system can capture the emergence of adult longhorn beetles, thereby issuing early warnings and taking preventive measures in a timely manner.

[0133] Specifically, the frequency calculation expression for spraying microbial preparations is:

[0134]

[0135] Em: efficiency of microbial preparation use, unit: percentage;

[0136] Nb: the number of adult longhorn beetles before the application of microbial agents, unit: individual;

[0137] Na: the number of adult longhorn beetles after application of microbial preparations, unit: individual;

[0138] The above formula is used to evaluate the actual control effect of microbial preparations. By calculating Em, the insecticidal effect of the preparation is determined, thereby deciding whether it is necessary to adjust the dosage, application frequency or change the type of microbial preparation.

[0139] Specifically, the expression for evaluating the protective effect of the fence is:

[0140] Ew=1-e -dc

[0141] Ew: the effect of fence protection;

[0142] d: influence coefficient of fence material and sealing performance;

[0143] C: fence coverage, i.e. the proportion of the coverage area to the total area;

[0144] The above formula describes the relationship between the coverage rate of the fence and the protective effect. As the coverage rate C increases, the protective effect Ew improves, but as C approaches 1, the improvement in the effect gradually slows down. Through this formula, the coverage plan of the fence can be optimized to achieve a balance between effective protection and cost control.

[0145] Specifically, the evaluation expression of the comprehensive effect is:

[0146] Et=w1×Em+w2×Ew+w3×Sm

[0147] Etota l: comprehensive control effect;

[0148] Em: efficiency of microbial preparations;

[0149] Ew: the effect of fence protection;

[0150] Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system;

[0151] w1,w2,w3: importance weights of each control measure;

[0152] The above formula is used to comprehensively evaluate the overall effect of various prevention and control measures. By adjusting the weight wi of each measure, the optimal combination of prevention and control strategies is determined to maximize the control effect of adult longhorn beetles.

[0153] As can be seen from the above, traditional methods for controlling longhorn beetles mostly rely on chemical pesticides, while the symbiotic microbial preparations in this comprehensive method, such as Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis, are environmentally friendly biological control methods that reduce pollution to the environment; at the same time, the use of microbial preparations reduces dependence on chemical agents, which is conducive to maintaining the balance of the ecosystem in the long term; after a season of use, the insect-proof net can be cleaned and stored, and reused in the next longhorn beetle adult season, which reduces the cost of control and reduces resource waste;

[0154] Through the data accumulation of the intelligent monitoring system, big data analysis can be performed to gain a deeper understanding of the activity patterns of adult longhorn beetles and the effectiveness of control measures. These data not only help summarize and optimize this control, but also provide valuable references for future control work, ensuring that the control plan for the next season is more scientific and efficient; based on the results of data analysis, the control strategy can be adjusted and optimized in real time, such as increasing the frequency of microbial agent spraying in a certain period of time or improving the closure method of the enclosure, thereby continuously improving the success rate of longhorn beetle adult control.

[0155] Embodiment three:

[0156] The present invention is applied in a scenario where a large area of ​​trees die due to an infestation of longhorn beetles in a forest. Although the forest uses a fence for physical isolation, which can effectively block the direct invasion of adult longhorn beetles to a certain extent and reduce their direct damage to trees, its protective effect is relatively single. After a period of use, the fence becomes damaged or its position changes, resulting in loopholes, and it loses its due protective function, resulting in a significant reduction in the prevention and control effect.

[0157] Furthermore, in a 300-hectare pine forest in a certain area in East my country, the damage caused by adult longhorn beetles has caused a large area of ​​tree death, and the prevention and control of adult longhorn beetles is imminent. The forest area decided to combine fence control, intelligent monitoring and early warning system and symbiotic microbial technology to carry out a comprehensive prevention and control plan for adult longhorn beetles. The specific plan is as follows:

[0158] 1. Investigation and Analysis

[0159] Pest monitoring:

[0160] Historical data: In the past two years, the peak period of adult longhorn beetles was from early June to the end of August each year, with an average of about 800 adult longhorn beetles captured each week, and the maximum daily capture during the peak period reaching 200.

[0161] On-site investigation: It was confirmed that the damaged trees were concentrated in an area of ​​100 hectares in the middle of the forest area, and the proportion of damaged trees reached 20%.

[0162] Environmental data: From June to August, the average daily temperature is 28°C and the humidity is 75%, during which time the adult longhorn beetles are most active.

[0163] Equipment testing:

[0164] Monitoring equipment: 20 infrared sensing cameras are installed to cover key areas. Each camera has a detection range of 10 meters in radius, works normally, has good signal transmission, and data is uploaded to the management center in real time.

[0165] Prepare materials: Purchase 500 rolls of insect-proof tape (50 meters per roll) and 400 microbial agent sprayers, the agents mainly include Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis.

[0166] 2. Installation of fence

[0167] Trunk wrapping and fixing:

[0168] Installation of fence: Choose an insect-proof net 20 meters long, 10 meters wide, and with a hole diameter of 1 mm to wrap the 2,000 pine trees that are most seriously damaged in the forest area. The trunk of each tree is completely covered from the root to a height of 8 meters. The lower edge of the fence is buried 15 cm underground to prevent adult insects from drilling in from the ground.

[0169] Fixing details: Use insect-proof tape to seal the seams of the insect-proof net, using about 100 meters of tape per tree.

[0170] Sealing treatment:

[0171] Inspection and maintenance: After installation, a preliminary inspection was conducted to ensure that there were no obvious gaps or loose parts. Daily routine inspections found that 5% of the nets were loose due to strong winds and were reinforced in time.

[0172] 3. Deployment of Intelligent Monitoring and Early Warning System

[0173] Equipment installation:

[0174] Monitoring system layout: 20 monitoring points were deployed inside and outside the affected area to ensure that cameras and sensors cover all fenced areas and are connected to the cloud-based real-time monitoring system.

[0175] Signal transmission: The system transmits data in real time via 4G / 5G cellular networks at a rate of 50Mbps, ensuring real-time alarms.

[0176] System calibration and warning settings:

[0177] Identification criteria: The system is set to trigger an alarm when more than 3 adult longhorn beetles are detected per hour. The alarm history data shows that the system triggers an average of 5 alarms per week, with a false alarm rate of about 3%.

[0178] 4. Prevention and control of pathogenic microorganisms

[0179] Microbial preparation spraying:

[0180] Spraying plan: In the early stage (early June), middle stage (early July) and late stage (early August) of the emergence of longhorn beetles, Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis were sprayed on the forest area, covering an area of ​​200 hectares. The dosage of each spraying was 20 liters per hectare, using 400 liters of microbial preparations.

[0181] Weather conditions: Choose a windless early morning for spraying. Within 7 days after spraying, the activity of the microbial preparation remains above 90%, significantly reducing the number of adult insects.

[0182] Trapping and biological control:

[0183] Traps: 100 traps were set up inside and outside the fence, with 10 ml of sex attractant for longhorn beetles placed in each trap. The traps were replaced once a month and were concentrated in areas where adult longhorn beetles were active.

[0184] 5. Monitoring and maintenance

[0185] Daily monitoring:

[0186] Monitoring results: The intelligent monitoring system showed that the number of adult longhorn beetles in the area covered by the fence has decreased significantly, from 200 per week to about 50. The number of times the system triggered alarms has also gradually decreased.

[0187] Fence maintenance: The integrity of the fence was checked weekly, and a total of 10 damages were found and repaired to ensure the continued effectiveness of the fence.

[0188] Data analysis and feedback:

[0189] Data analysis: Combined with the data from the monitoring system, it was found that the peak activity period of adult longhorn beetles was mainly concentrated from mid-June to late July. The spraying of microbial agents significantly reduced the number of adults during the peak period, and the control effect was good.

[0190] Optimization suggestions: Based on data analysis, it is recommended to increase the intensity of spraying microbial preparations in early July next year and increase the frequency of releasing natural enemy insects.

[0191] VI. Effect Evaluation

[0192] Evaluation of prevention and control effects:

[0193] Evaluation results: After the control season ended, the number of adult longhorn beetles in the forest area decreased by about 70%, and the proportion of damaged trees dropped from 20% to 5%. The combined effect of fences and microbial control reached the expected goal.

[0194] Economic benefits: The cost of prevention and control per hectare of forest land is RMB 2,200, and the success rate of prevention and control is 80%, which is highly cost-effective.

[0195] Seine removal: After the beetle season is over, the seines are removed, cleaned and stored so that the old nets can be reused in the next season.

[0196] Treatment of residual microbial preparations: Store the remaining microbial preparations in a cold storage at 5°C for use in the next season; and handle expired preparations in an environmentally friendly manner to avoid polluting the environment.

[0197] It can be seen from the above that through the above embodiments, combined with intelligent monitoring and early warning systems, enclosure prevention and control and symbiotic microbial technology, the harm of adult longhorn beetles to forest areas has been significantly reduced, and valuable experience and data support have been provided for future longhorn beetle prevention and control work.

[0198] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling longhorn beetle adults by seine netting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Investigation and analysis: Before the adult season of longhorn beetles, determine the main activity areas and times of longhorn beetles through historical data and on-site surveys, calculate the density of longhorn beetles, conduct equipment tests, and check the working status of intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment to ensure that it can work normally; S2. Install the fence. Choose an insect-proof net with a mesh size of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. Wrap the insect-proof net from the bottom of the tree trunk, covering the trunk and main branches. Make sure the lower edge of the net is buried 10 to 20 cm underground and secure it to the trunk with a tie or rope. S3. Deployment of intelligent monitoring and early warning system. Intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment is installed inside and outside the fenced area. A remote monitoring system is set up to transmit data in real time to the management center or mobile phone application for easy viewing at any time. Monitoring equipment is calibrated, and a prediction model for the activity of adult longhorn beetles is established. The identification criteria and alarm threshold of adult longhorn beetles are set. Once the system detects the activity of adult longhorn beetles, an alarm message is sent immediately. Combined with historical data, the sensitivity of the early warning system is adjusted to reduce false alarms and improve accuracy. S4. Pathogenic microorganism control: regularly spray microbial preparations in the area covered by the fence to infect and kill the adult longhorn beetles and reduce their number. According to the life cycle of the adult longhorn beetles, spraying is carried out in the early, middle and late stages of adult flight to cover the entire active period of the adult longhorn beetles. Longhorn beetle traps are set inside and outside the fence, and microbial preparations are used to kill them; S5. Monitoring and maintenance: Use the intelligent monitoring system to regularly check the activities of adult longhorn beetles inside and outside the fence, evaluate the protective effect of the fence, and take timely remedial measures once abnormal activities or increases in numbers are found, including increasing the frequency of microbial spraying or strengthening the sealing of the fence; check the integrity of the fence every week, repair any damage, and ensure the continuity of protection; S6. Effect evaluation: After the active season of adult longhorn beetles ends, check whether there are new drilling holes or other signs of damage in the trees, and count the number of adult longhorn beetles captured to evaluate the combined effects of the enclosure and microbial control. Combined with the historical data of the intelligent monitoring system, evaluate the effectiveness of different measures and find the optimal combination.

2. The method for controlling longhorn beetles with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring and early warning equipment includes cameras, infrared sensors and Internet of Things sensors. Cameras, infrared sensors or Internet of Things sensors are installed to ensure that the cameras and sensors can cover key areas of trees, including places where adult longhorn beetles have appeared.

3. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial preparations include Beauveria bassiana and Bacillus thuringiensis.

4. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the density of adult longhorn beetles in step S1 is: Dt: Density of adult longhorn beetles at a certain time point t, unit: pieces / square meter; Nt: the number of adult longhorn beetles captured or observed at a certain time point t, unit: individual; A: The area of ​​the observation or fenced area, unit: square meters.

5. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activity prediction model of longicorn adults in step S3 is expressed as: P(t)=P0+e -kt P(t): Activity intensity of longhorn beetle adults at time t; P0: initial activity intensity of adult longicorn beetles; k: activity attenuation coefficient of adult longicorn beetles; t: time.

6. The method for controlling longhorn beetles with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression of the sensitivity of the early warning system in step S3 is: Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system; TP: the number of adults of Longicorn beetles correctly detected by the system; FN: Number of adult longhorn beetles missed by the system.

7. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency calculation expression for spraying the microbial preparation in step S4 is: In= Nb-Na Nb Em: efficiency of microbial preparation use, unit: percentage; Nb: the number of adult longhorn beetles before the application of microbial agents, unit: individual; Na: The number of adult longhorn beetles after application of microbial preparations, unit: piece.

8. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expression for evaluating the protective effect of the fence in step S5 is: It is =1-e -dc Ew: the effect of fence protection; d: influence coefficient of fence material and sealing performance; C: Fence coverage rate, that is, the proportion of coverage area to total area.

9. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation expression of the comprehensive effect in step S6 is: Et=w1×Em+w2×Ew+w3×Sm Etotal: comprehensive control effect; Em: efficiency of microbial preparations; Ew: the effect of fence protection; Sm: sensitivity of the intelligent monitoring system; w1,w2,w3: Importance weights of each prevention and control measure.

10. The method for controlling longhorn beetle adults with a seine net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longhorn beetle trap utilizes pheromones, sex attractants or alcohol compounds to attract the adult longhorn beetles.

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