A fault detection system and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a fault detection system and a vehicle. The fault detection system comprises a plurality of conversion modules, a plurality of detection modules, a plurality of signal processing modules and a control module. Each conversion module is capable of outputting a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection state of a low-voltage detection connector. The plurality of detection modules receive the electrical signal and output corresponding detection signals based on the electrical signal. The plurality of signal processing modules receive the detection signals. The control module receives the detection signals processed by the plurality of signal processing modules. The control module determines the on-off state of a high-voltage interlocking loop and the connection state of the plurality of low-voltage detection connectors based on the plurality of detection signals. The system can convert the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector into a high-low level detection signal recognizable by the control module, so that the control module can accurately know the fault location and the on-off state of the high-voltage interlocking loop based on the detection signal, improving the detection and troubleshooting efficiency and having high detection reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage interlock detection technology, and more specifically, to a fault detection system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, electrification is gradually becoming a trend. Electric vehicles are usually equipped with high-voltage electrical systems, which are used to supply power to high-power electrical equipment (such as motors) in the vehicle. In order to monitor the working status of the high-voltage electrical system in real time, the vehicle is usually also equipped with a high-voltage interlock loop (HVIL) system. The high-voltage interlock loop system is equipped with multiple high-voltage connectors and corresponding low-voltage detection connectors. Each high-voltage connector usually has an interlock contact. These contacts are connected by wires to form a complete high-voltage interlock loop. The high-voltage interlock loop system can cut off the high-voltage power supply in time when the high-voltage electrical system is abnormal, thereby preventing electric shock accidents and fire risks.

[0003] High-voltage interlock systems in related technologies typically include a high-voltage interlock detection circuit and a control system. Once the high-voltage interlock detection circuit detects a break in the high-voltage interlock circuit, it immediately sends a signal to the control system, causing the control system to cut off the high-voltage output of all loads to ensure safety. However, the high-voltage interlock detection circuit in these technologies cannot accurately detect the specific location of the break in the high-voltage interlock circuit, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a fault detection system and vehicle, which aims to solve the problem that the high-voltage interlock detection circuit cannot accurately detect the specific location of the high-voltage interlock circuit disconnection, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock system faults.

[0005] Firstly, a fault detection system is provided for a high-voltage interlocked circuit with multiple low-voltage detection connectors. The fault detection system includes multiple conversion modules, multiple detection modules, multiple signal processing modules, and a control module. The multiple conversion modules are connected in series and are respectively connected to the multiple low-voltage detection connectors one-to-one. Each conversion module can output a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector. The multiple detection modules are respectively connected to the multiple conversion modules one-to-one. The multiple detection modules receive the electrical signals and output corresponding detection signals based on the electrical signals. The multiple signal processing modules are respectively connected to the multiple detection modules one-to-one to receive the detection signals. The multiple signal processing modules are interconnected to form a common node. The control module is connected to the common node to receive the detection signals processed by the multiple signal processing modules. The control module is used to determine the on / off status of the high-voltage interlocked circuit and the connection status of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors based on the multiple detection signals.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the conversion module provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector into a high- or low-level signal that the detection module can recognize. That is, the conversion module can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector in real time, so that the detection module can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the electrical signal converted by the conversion module to achieve accurate detection. The detection module will output the generated detection signal to the control module through the signal processing module, so that the control module can accurately know the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector) based on the detection signal. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, so that the staff can determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector and quickly repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector, improve the detection and troubleshooting efficiency, effectively solve the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improve a certain degree of safety. Secondly, compared to using longer wiring harnesses to connect multiple detection modules and control modules, the multiple detection modules in this application first send the detection signals to the signal processing module. After processing the detection signals, the multiple signal processing modules send them to the control module through a common node. That is, multiple signal processing modules are connected to the control module through the same wiring harness to achieve signal transmission. This reduces the wiring harness layout and simplifies the overall wiring of the fault detection system while ensuring signal transmission. In addition, the shorter wiring harness between the multiple signal processing modules and the control module results in less resistance, capacitance, and inductance encountered by the processed detection signals during transmission, thereby improving the reliability of the detection signal transmission and thus improving the detection reliability of the control module.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations, each detection module includes a comparison unit. The first input terminal of the comparison unit is connected to a reference voltage, the second input terminal of the comparison unit is connected to a conversion module, and the output terminal of the comparison unit is connected to a signal processing module. The comparison unit is used to generate a detection signal based on the reference voltage and the electrical signal, and send the detection signal to the signal processing module.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the comparison unit can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the reference voltage and the electrical signal output by the conversion module, which is simple to detect. Furthermore, by selecting a suitable reference voltage, high sensitivity to minute changes in the electrical signal can be achieved, resulting in high detection reliability and fast response speed.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the comparison unit includes a comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor; the inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the conversion module, the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the other end of the first resistor and the signal processing module, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and connected to a reference voltage, and the second plate of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the comparator's comparison principle is simple. It only requires a reference voltage (i.e., a base voltage) and an input signal (i.e., the electrical signal output by the conversion module) to achieve high and low level detection, making the detection process relatively simple. By selecting a suitable comparator, high sensitivity detection of minute changes in the input electrical signal can be achieved, resulting in high detection accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, different comparison thresholds can be set by adjusting the magnitude of the base voltage, enabling multi-level detection and high detection flexibility. Secondly, the comparator has a very fast response time, capable of switching between high and low levels within nanoseconds, enabling real-time monitoring of low-voltage detection connectors, while also having low power consumption and cost.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes a voltage divider module. The first terminal of the voltage divider module is connected to the power supply voltage, the second terminal of the voltage divider module is grounded, and the third terminal of the voltage divider module is connected to the first input terminal of the comparison unit. The voltage divider module is used to provide a reference voltage to the comparison unit.

[0012] In the above technical solution, a stable reference voltage can be generated from the power supply voltage through the voltage divider module, and the current flowing into the first input terminal of the comparison unit can be limited through the voltage divider module to prevent excessive current from damaging the comparison unit and thus affecting the comparison and detection of the comparison unit, thereby improving the comparison and detection reliability of the comparison unit.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, each detection module further includes an amplification unit. The amplification unit is connected to the second input terminal of the conversion module and the comparison unit. The amplification unit is used to receive electrical signals, amplify the electrical signals, and output them to the comparison unit.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the amplification unit amplifies the electrical signal, thereby increasing its amplitude and making it easier for the subsequent comparison unit to detect. By amplifying the electrical signal output by the conversion module, the sensitivity of the entire detection module to minute voltage changes can be improved, thus enhancing the overall detection accuracy of the detection module. Secondly, the amplification unit can effectively suppress common-mode noise, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received electrical signal. This enhances the reliability of the subsequent comparison unit in generating the detection signal based on the received signal, ultimately improving the overall detection reliability of the detection module.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the amplification unit includes an operational amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; one end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the conversion module, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the other end of the conversion module, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier and one end of the sixth resistor, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator unit and the other end of the sixth resistor.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the two input terminals of the operational amplifier are connected to the two ends of the conversion module, respectively. This can be understood as the operational amplifier receiving the voltage difference (i.e., differential signal) between the two ends of the conversion module. The operational amplifier amplifies this voltage difference, thereby increasing the amplitude of the electrical signal transmitted to the comparison unit and improving the reliability of the subsequent comparison unit in generating the detection signal based on this electrical signal. Secondly, as a signal preprocessing unit, the operational amplifier can adjust the electrical signal to a range suitable for the operation of the comparison unit. For example, assuming the amplitude of the electrical signal is small, the operational amplifier can amplify it to its threshold range to improve the reliability of the electrical signal received by the comparison unit, thereby improving the overall detection reliability of the detection module.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation, in some possible implementations, the conversion module includes a seventh resistor, one end of which serves as one end of the conversion module and is connected to one end of the third resistor and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector, and the other end of which serves as the other end of the conversion module and is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and the second end of the low-voltage detection connector.

[0018] In the above technical solution, when the low-voltage detection connector is in a normal connection state, the voltage difference across the seventh resistor is 0V, and the electrical signal output by the seventh resistor is a low-level signal. When the low-voltage detection connector is in an abnormal connection state, there is a voltage difference across the seventh resistor, and this voltage difference is greater than 0V, so the electrical signal output by the seventh resistor is a high-level signal. Thus, by detecting the voltage difference across the seventh resistor, the connection state of the connected low-voltage detection connector can be easily determined. Furthermore, the seventh resistor can autonomously convert the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector into a high or low level signal recognizable by the detection module. This allows the fault detection system to perform autonomous detection based on the seventh resistor, without relying on the control module or other systems, resulting in high detection flexibility.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes an eighth resistor, a first switching module, and a current source; one end of the eighth resistor is connected to the control module; the first end of the first switching module is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor, the second end of the first switching module is grounded, and the third end of the first switching module is connected to the first conversion module among the multiple conversion modules; one end of the current source is connected to the fourth end of the first switching module, and the other end of the current source is connected to the last conversion module among the multiple conversion modules.

[0020] In the above technical solution, when the fault detection system needs to perform detection, the control module controls the first switch module to turn on, thus completing the circuit formed by the first switch module and the ground terminal. This allows the current source to be applied to the circuit containing the conversion module, enabling the conversion module to operate normally. When the fault detection system is not needed, the control module controls the first switch module to turn off, preventing the current source from being applied to the circuit containing the conversion module, and the conversion module does not operate. In this way, by controlling the second switch module to turn off, the control module can reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system and save energy.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, the fault detection system further includes a ninth resistor and a second switch module; one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the power supply voltage; the first end of the second switch module is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor, the second end of the second switch module is connected to the first conversion module among multiple conversion modules, and the controlled end of the second switch module is connected to the control module.

[0022] In the above technical solution, when the fault detection system needs to perform detection, the control module controls the second switch module to turn on, allowing the power supply voltage to be applied to the circuit where the conversion module is located, enabling the fault detection system to operate normally. When the fault detection system does not need to perform detection, the control module controls the second switch module to turn off, preventing the power supply voltage from being applied to the circuit where the conversion module is located. At this time, the conversion module and other modules do not work. In this way, by controlling the second switch module to turn off, the control module can reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system and save energy.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including a high-voltage interlock circuit and a fault detection system as described in any of the optional embodiments of the first aspect. The high-voltage interlock circuit is provided with a plurality of low-voltage detection connectors, and the fault detection system is connected to the plurality of low-voltage detection connectors. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle module structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of another fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another fault detection system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0036] 1. Fault detection system; 11. Conversion module; 12. Detection module; 121. Comparison unit; 122. Amplification unit; 13. Signal processing module; 14. Control module; 15. Voltage divider module; 16. Second switch module; 17. First switch module; 2. Low-voltage detection connector;

[0037] VCC, power supply voltage; VREF, reference voltage; COMP, comparator; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; R5, fifth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; R7, seventh resistor; R8, eighth resistor; R9, ninth resistor; R10, tenth resistor; R11, eleventh resistor; R12, twelfth resistor; C1, first capacitor; OP, operational amplifier; CCS, current source; A, common node. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0039] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0040] Currently, new energy vehicles are widely used in various scenarios, replacing internal combustion engine vehicles. Compared to internal combustion engine vehicles, new energy vehicles produce less noise and do not directly emit exhaust fumes, making them more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, new energy vehicles are more intelligent, have higher energy conversion efficiency, and lower maintenance costs, leading to a growing number of people using them as their mode of transportation. New energy vehicles typically include a power battery to provide power to the vehicle and drive motor. For example, the power battery outputs direct current (DC) to the motor. The motor control unit (MCU) converts this DC power into three-phase alternating current (AC) to control the motor, controlling functions such as starting, acceleration, deceleration, braking, and energy recovery, thus ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0041] New energy vehicles typically have two electrical systems: a high-voltage system and a low-voltage system. The high-voltage system contains a high-voltage battery (e.g., a power battery) that powers high-power electrical equipment (e.g., motors) to drive the vehicle. Simultaneously, the power battery, under the control of the vehicle controller, charges the low-voltage battery, typically at several hundred volts. To ensure the safety of the driver, passengers, and the vehicle itself, a high-voltage interlock system is also usually installed. This system includes high-voltage connectors and a control system. The connectors connect various components in the high-voltage electrical system (e.g., high-voltage batteries, motors, inverters, etc.), ensuring the safe transmission of high-voltage current. Each connector typically has an interlock contact, and these contacts are connected in series to form a complete high-voltage interlock circuit. The high-voltage interlock circuit and control system can promptly cut off the high-voltage power supply in case of an abnormality in the high-voltage electrical system, thus preventing electric shock and fire risks.

[0042] High-voltage connectors may become loose or detached, causing an abnormality in the high-voltage interlock circuit. To monitor the connection status of the high-voltage interlock circuit in real time, high-voltage interlock systems in related technologies typically include a high-voltage interlock detection circuit. This detection circuit includes a low-voltage detection connector and a low-voltage detection port. The low-voltage detection connector connects the low-voltage detection port to the high-voltage interlock circuit to ensure reliable signal transmission and is usually distributed among various nodes in the high-voltage interlock circuit. The low-voltage detection port sends and receives low-voltage signals (e.g., 5V or 12V) to detect the status of the high-voltage interlock circuit. The detection principle is typically as follows: Before vehicle startup, the control system sends a low-voltage excitation signal through the low-voltage detection port. This excitation signal travels through the low-voltage detection connector along the interlock contacts of all high-voltage connectors in the high-voltage interlock circuit. If all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected, the excitation signal is successfully transmitted and returns to the low-voltage detection port through the low-voltage detection connector. If the low-voltage detection port receives a feedback signal that matches the sent excitation signal, it indicates that all high-voltage connectors are correctly connected and the high-voltage interlock circuit is normal. At this time, the control system will activate the high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage electrical system will begin operation. Once a fault in the high-voltage interlock circuit is detected, the control system will take the same action, namely, cutting off the high-voltage output of all loads.

[0043] However, high-voltage interlock detection circuits in related technologies can typically only detect whether a fault has occurred in the high-voltage interlock circuit, but cannot accurately locate the specific fault location, resulting in low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems. Secondly, each low-voltage detection connector in these technologies needs to be connected to the control system via a wiring harness. This can lead to multiple wiring harnesses overlapping and becoming tangled, causing interference between them. Furthermore, the longer the wiring harness, the greater the resistance, capacitance, and inductance encountered during signal transmission, resulting in gradual signal energy loss and low signal transmission reliability, which in turn leads to low detection reliability.

[0044] Therefore, this application provides a fault detection system and a vehicle. The fault detection system can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector into a high- or low-level detection signal that can be recognized by the control module. This allows the control module to accurately determine the fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector) and the on / off status of the corresponding high-voltage interlock circuit based on the detection signal. This improves the efficiency of detection and troubleshooting, has high detection reliability, and effectively solves the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems.

[0045] The fault detection system and vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] This application provides a vehicle comprising a high-voltage electrical system and a low-voltage electrical system. The high-voltage electrical system includes a high-voltage battery (e.g., a power battery) to power high-power electrical equipment (e.g., motors, inverters, and other high-voltage components) in the vehicle, driving the vehicle to maintain normal operation. Simultaneously, the power battery, under the control of the vehicle controller, charges the low-voltage battery in the low-voltage electrical system. The low-voltage electrical system includes a low-voltage battery (e.g., a 12V storage battery) and a DC-DC converter (DCDC). The DC-DC converter converts the high-voltage electricity from the high-voltage battery into low-voltage electricity to meet the signal transmission / control requirements of the vehicle; further details are omitted here.

[0047] In high-voltage electrical systems, the voltage is typically several hundred volts or higher. When personnel are repairing or inspecting vehicles, they may accidentally come into contact with high-voltage components that are not fully disconnected, leading to electric shock. Furthermore, short circuits or poor connections in high-voltage electrical systems can cause sparks or overheating, potentially leading to fires, posing significant safety hazards. Therefore, the vehicle provided in this application is equipped with a high-voltage interlock system. This system includes high-voltage connectors used to connect various components in the high-voltage electrical system, ensuring the safe transmission of high-voltage current. Each high-voltage connector typically has an interlock contact, and these contacts are connected in series via wires to form a complete high-voltage interlock circuit. This circuit ensures that the high-voltage power supply will not be activated when the high-voltage connector is not fully connected or disconnected, thus preventing personnel from contacting energized high-voltage components. Simultaneously, when the high-voltage electrical system experiences a short circuit or poor connection, the high-voltage interlock circuit can quickly cut off the high-voltage power supply, preventing fires caused by electrical faults.

[0048] To achieve fault detection in high-voltage interlock circuits, in one example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle provided in this application also includes a fault detection system 1 and multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2. The low-voltage detection connectors 2 are located in the high-voltage interlock circuit (not shown in the figure) and correspond to the high-voltage connectors (not shown in the figure). The fault detection system 1 in this application can realize fault detection and accurate fault location of the high-voltage interlock circuit by detecting the connection status of the low-voltage detection connectors. It is worth noting that the number of low-voltage detection connectors can be equal to or less than the number of high-voltage connectors. When the number of low-voltage detection connectors is equal to the number of high-voltage connectors, the high-voltage connectors and low-voltage detection connectors are in one-to-one correspondence to ensure that the status of each high-voltage connector can be detected independently, thereby improving the safety of the system. When the number of low-voltage detection connectors is less than the number of high-voltage connectors, multiple high-voltage connectors can be connected to the same low-voltage detection connector to save manufacturing costs. The specific configuration can be set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0049] To enable the fault detection system 1 to accurately detect the connection status of multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2, and to avoid the problem of excessively long wiring harnesses between the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 and the fault detection system 1 affecting detection reliability, in one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fault detection system 1 includes multiple conversion modules 11, multiple detection modules 12, multiple signal processing modules 13, and a control module 14. The multiple conversion modules 11 are connected in series and are respectively connected to multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2. The multiple detection modules 12 are respectively connected to the multiple conversion modules 11. The multiple signal processing modules 13 are respectively connected to the multiple detection modules 12. Figure 2 As shown, multiple signal processing modules 13 are interconnected to form a common node A. The control module 14 is connected to this common node A, meaning that the control module 14 can receive signals from the multiple signal processing modules 13 through this common node A. It can be understood that each detection module 12, together with its corresponding connected conversion module 11 and signal processing module 13, constitutes a detection branch. Each detection branch is used to detect the connection status of the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2, thereby detecting the on / off status of the entire high-voltage interlocking circuit.

[0050] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple conversion modules 11 are connected in series and are respectively connected to multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 one by one. Among them, the conversion module 11 at the beginning of the multiple conversion modules 11 is the first conversion module 11, which is used to connect to the power supply voltage VCC, and the conversion module 11 at the end of the multiple conversion modules 11 is the last conversion module 11, which is used for grounding.

[0051] In this example, each conversion module 11 can output a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2. The detection module 12 receives the electrical signal transmitted by the corresponding connected conversion module 11 and outputs a corresponding detection signal based on the electrical signal. The signal processing module 13 receives the detection signal transmitted by the corresponding connected detection module 12. The control module 14 receives the detection signals processed by multiple signal processing modules 13 via a common node A. It can be understood that after processing the detection signals, multiple signal processing modules 13 send them to the control module 14 via the common node A. The control module 14 determines the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the connection status of multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 based on the multiple processed detection signals. Among them, the connection status includes normal connection and abnormal connection. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is normally connected, the high-voltage interlock circuit is connected, that is, the high-voltage interlock circuit is normal. Abnormal connection refers to situations such as the low-voltage detection connector 2 being loose or falling off. At this time, the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, causing the high-voltage interlock circuit to be disconnected, that is, the high-voltage interlock circuit is abnormal.

[0052] One end of the conversion module 11 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, and the other end of the conversion module 11 is connected to the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2, enabling the conversion module 11 to output a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponding to the conversion module 11 is normally connected, the conversion module 11 will not receive current, and the voltage across the conversion module 11 will be zero. The electrical signal output by the conversion module 11 can be considered a low-level signal indicating that the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 is normal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 corresponding to the conversion module 11 is abnormally connected, the conversion module 11 will receive current, and the voltage across the conversion module 11 will be high. In other words, the electrical signal output by the conversion module 11 at this time can be considered a high-level signal indicating that the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormal.

[0053] It is understood that the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a high-low level signal that can be recognized by the detection module 12. The detection module 12 can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the high-low level signal and output it to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 then sends the corresponding detection signal to the control module 14, so that the control module 14 can determine the connection status of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 and the on / off status of the corresponding high-voltage interlock circuit based on the multiple detection signals.

[0054] For example, when all low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, multiple conversion modules 11 can convert the normal connection state into a corresponding electrical signal. At this time, the electrical signal is a low-level signal indicating that the low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state. Multiple conversion modules 11 output the corresponding low-level signal to the detection module 12 connected to them. Multiple detection modules 12 generate corresponding detection signals based on the received low-level signals. At this time, the detection signal can be a high-level detection signal. Multiple detection modules 12 send the corresponding high-level detection signal to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 processes the high-level detection signal and then sends it to the control module 14. The control module 14 can determine based on the high-level detection signals from multiple signal processing modules 13 that all low-voltage detection connectors 2 are normally connected at this time, and the high-voltage interlock circuit remains connected, that is, the high-voltage interlock circuit has not failed at this time.

[0055] For example, when one of the low-voltage detection connectors 2 is in an abnormal connection state while the other low-voltage detection connectors 2 are in a normal connection state, the conversion module 11 corresponding to one of the low-voltage detection connectors 2 can convert the abnormal connection state into a corresponding electrical signal. At this time, the electrical signal is a high-level signal indicating that the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormal. The conversion module 11 will output the corresponding high-level signal to the detection module 12 connected to it. The detection module 12 generates a corresponding detection signal based on the received high-level signal. At this time, the detection signal can be a low-level detection signal. The detection module 12 sends the corresponding low-level detection signal to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 processes the low-level detection signal and then sends it to the control module 14. The conversion modules 11 corresponding to the remaining low-voltage detection connectors 2 can convert the normal connection status into a corresponding electrical signal. This electrical signal is a low-level signal indicating that the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in a normal connection state. Multiple conversion modules 11 output the corresponding low-level signals to their respective connected detection modules 12. Each detection module 12 generates a corresponding detection signal (high-level detection signal) based on the received low-level signal. The detection modules 12 then send the corresponding high-level detection signals to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 processes the low-level detection signals and then sends them to the control module 14. The control module 14 can determine that the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormal based on the low-level detection signals, and that all corresponding low-voltage detection connectors 2 are normally connected based on the high-level detection signals. It can be understood that if any one of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2 is abnormally connected, the high-voltage interlock circuit is shut off. That is, the control module 14 can determine that the high-voltage interlock circuit has failed based on the low-level detection signal. Once a fault is detected in the high-voltage interlock circuit and the location of the fault (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) is determined, the staff can repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector 2 based on the location of the fault, so as to efficiently eliminate the fault in the high-voltage interlock system.

[0056] It is understood that the conversion module 11 in this application can autonomously convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2. That is, through the conversion module 11 and the detection module 12, the fault detection system 1 can achieve autonomous detection without relying on the control module or other systems, thus providing high detection flexibility.

[0057] Thus, the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a high- or low-level signal that the detection module 12 can recognize. That is, the conversion module 11 can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 in real time, so that the detection module 12 can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the electrical signal converted by the conversion module 11 to achieve accurate detection. The detection module 12 will output the generated detection signal to the control module 14 through the signal processing module 13, so that the control module 14 can accurately know the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) based on the detection signal. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, so that the staff can determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and quickly repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector 2, thereby improving the detection and troubleshooting efficiency, effectively solving the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improving a certain degree of safety. Secondly, compared to using a longer wiring harness to connect the detection module 12 and the control module 14, the multiple detection modules 12 in this application first send the detection signal to the signal processing module 13. After processing the detection signal, the multiple signal processing modules 13 send it to the control module 14 through a common node A. That is, the multiple signal processing modules 13 are connected to the control module 14 through the same wiring harness to achieve signal transmission. This reduces the wiring harness layout and simplifies the overall wiring of the fault detection system 1 while ensuring signal transmission. In addition, the connection harness between the multiple signal processing modules 13 and the control module 14 is shorter, and the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the processed detection signal during transmission are smaller, thereby improving the reliability of the detection signal transmission and thus improving the detection reliability of the control module 14.

[0058] Optionally, the wiring harness connecting the common node A to the control module 14 can be a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus.

[0059] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, each detection module 12 includes a comparison unit 121. The first input terminal of the comparison unit 121 is connected to a reference voltage VREF, the second input terminal of the comparison unit 121 is connected to the conversion module 11, and the output terminal of the comparison unit 121 is connected to the signal processing module 13. The comparison unit 121 is used to generate a detection signal based on the reference voltage VREF and the electrical signal, and send the detection signal to the signal processing module 13. It is worth noting that the reference voltage VREF connected to multiple comparison units 121 is the same reference voltage.

[0060] In this example, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is properly connected, the conversion module 11 outputs a corresponding low-level signal to the comparison unit 121. At this time, the voltage corresponding to the low-level signal is zero. The comparison unit 121 compares this low-level signal with the reference voltage VREF and obtains the corresponding high-level detection signal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, the conversion module 11 outputs a corresponding high-level signal to the comparison unit 121. At this time, the voltage corresponding to the high-level signal is high. The comparison unit 121 compares this high-level signal with the reference voltage VREF and obtains the corresponding low-level detection signal. It can be understood that the reference voltage VREF is a reference voltage. When the electrical signal (e.g., a low-level signal) is less than the reference voltage VREF, the comparison unit 121 outputs a high-level detection signal; when the electrical signal (e.g., a high-level signal) is greater than the reference voltage VREF, the comparison unit 121 outputs a low-level detection signal.

[0061] Thus, the comparison unit 121 can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the reference voltage VREF and the electrical signal output by the conversion module 11, making detection simple. Furthermore, by selecting a suitable reference voltage VREF, high sensitivity to minute changes in the electrical signal can be achieved, resulting in high detection reliability and fast response speed.

[0062] In one example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the comparison unit 121 includes a comparator COMP, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first capacitor C1. The inverting input terminal of the comparator COMP (as shown) Figure 4 The "-" shown is connected to the conversion module 11 as the second input terminal of the comparison unit 121, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator COMP (as shown) is connected to the conversion module 11. Figure 4 The "+" sign is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2. The output of the comparator COMP is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and the signal processing module 13. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first plate of the first capacitor C1 and serves as the first input of the comparison unit 121, which is connected to the reference voltage VREF. The second plate of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0063] In this example, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is normally connected, the conversion module 11 will output a corresponding low-level signal to the comparison unit 121. At this time, the voltage corresponding to the low-level signal is zero. Therefore, the low-level signal connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator COMP is less than the reference voltage VREF connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the comparator COMP. The comparator COMP will output a high-level detection signal to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 will send the high-level detection signal to the control module 14, so that the control module 14 knows that the connection status of the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2 is normally connected based on the high-level detection signal, and thus knows that the high-voltage interlock circuit is connected without fault. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormally connected, the conversion module 11 will output a corresponding high-level signal to the comparison unit 121. At this time, the voltage corresponding to the high-level signal is high. The low-level signal connected to the inverting output terminal of the comparator COMP is greater than the reference voltage VREF connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the comparator COMP. The comparator COMP will output a low-level detection signal to the signal processing module 13. The signal processing module 13 will send the low-level detection signal to the control module 14, so that the control module 14 can know that the connection status of the corresponding low-voltage detection connector 2 is abnormal based on the low-level detection signal, and thus know that the high-voltage interlock circuit is open and faulty.

[0064] The comparator COMP operates on a simple principle, requiring only a reference voltage (i.e., the base voltage VREF) and an input signal (i.e., the electrical signal output by the conversion module 11) to detect high and low levels, making the detection process relatively simple. By selecting an appropriate VREF, high sensitivity detection of minute changes in the input electrical signal can be achieved, resulting in high detection accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, different comparison thresholds can be set by adjusting the value of the base voltage VREF, enabling multi-level detection and high detection flexibility. Secondly, the comparator COMP has a very fast response time, capable of switching between high and low levels within nanoseconds, enabling real-time monitoring of the low-voltage detection connector 2, while also boasting low power consumption and cost.

[0065] The comparator COMP, together with the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, constitutes a hysteresis comparator circuit. The first resistor R1 is located between the non-inverting input and the output of the comparator COMP to prevent frequent switching of the output state when the input signal (i.e., the electrical signal output by the conversion module 11) approaches the reference voltage (i.e., the reference voltage VREF), thereby improving circuit stability. For example, when the comparator COMP outputs a high-level detection signal, part of the output voltage is fed back to the non-inverting input of the comparator COMP through the first resistor R1, raising the threshold for the next switching. Similarly, when the comparator COMP outputs a low-level detection signal, part of the output voltage is fed back to the non-inverting input of the comparator COMP through the first resistor R1, lowering the threshold for the next switching. The first capacitor C1 can improve the stability of the reference voltage VREF connected to the comparator COMP, thereby improving the comparison and detection reliability of the comparator COMP.

[0066] When there are multiple low-voltage detection connectors 2, each low-voltage detection connector 2 is equipped with a comparator COMP, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, wherein the second plates of multiple first capacitors C1 are connected to each other to ground.

[0067] In one example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes a voltage divider module 15. The first terminal of the voltage divider module 15 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, the second terminal of the voltage divider module 15 is grounded, and the third terminal of the voltage divider module 15 is connected to the first input terminal of the comparison unit 121 (i.e., as shown in the figure). Figure 5 The other end of the second resistor R2 and the first plate of the first capacitor C1 are connected, and the voltage divider module 15 is used to provide a reference voltage VREF to the comparator unit 121.

[0068] In this example, a stable reference voltage VREF can be generated from the power supply voltage VCC through the voltage divider module 15. The voltage divider module 15 can also limit the current flowing into the first input terminal of the comparator unit 121, preventing excessive current from damaging the comparator unit 121 and thus affecting the comparison and detection of the comparator unit 121, thereby improving the reliability of the comparison and detection of the comparator unit 121.

[0069] Optional, such as Figure 5 As shown, the voltage divider module 15 may include a tenth resistor R10 and an eleventh resistor R11. One end of the tenth resistor R10 serves as the first terminal of the voltage divider module 15 and is connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11 and serves as the third terminal of the voltage divider module 15 and is connected to the first input terminal of the comparator unit 121 (i.e., as shown in the diagram). Figure 5The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first plate of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded as the second terminal of the voltage divider module 15.

[0070] The voltage divider module 15, composed of the tenth resistor R10 and the eleventh resistor R11, can generate a stable reference voltage VREF from the power supply voltage VCC. By selecting different resistor values, the magnitude of the reference voltage VREF can be flexibly adjusted to meet the needs of different application scenarios, and the adjustment flexibility is high.

[0071] In one example, such as Figure 6 As shown, each detection module 12 also includes an amplification unit 122. The amplification unit 122 is connected to the second input terminal of the conversion module 11 and the comparison unit 12. The amplification unit 122 is used to receive electrical signals, amplify the electrical signals, and output them to the comparison unit 121.

[0072] In this example, the amplification unit 122 amplifies the electrical signal, thereby increasing its amplitude and making it easier for the subsequent comparison unit 121 to detect. The electrical signal output by the amplification and conversion module 11 improves the sensitivity of the entire detection module 12 to minute voltage changes, thus enhancing the overall detection accuracy of the detection module 12. Secondly, the amplification unit 122 can effectively suppress common-mode noise, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received electrical signal. This enhances the reliability of the subsequent comparison unit 121 in generating the detection signal based on the electrical signal, ultimately improving the overall detection reliability of the detection module 12.

[0073] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, the amplification unit 122 includes an operational amplifier OP, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the conversion module 11, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier OP and one end of the fifth resistor R5. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the other end of the conversion module 11, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier OP and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The output of the operational amplifier OP is connected to the second input of the comparator unit 121 (i.e., the inverting input of the comparator COMP) and the other end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0074] The two input terminals of the operational amplifier OP are connected to the two ends of the conversion module 11, respectively. This can be understood as the operational amplifier OP receiving the voltage difference (differential signal) between the two ends of the conversion module 11. The operational amplifier OP amplifies this voltage difference, thereby increasing the amplitude of the electrical signal transmitted to the comparison unit 121 and improving the reliability of the detection signal generated by the comparison unit 121 based on this electrical signal. Secondly, as a signal preprocessing unit, the operational amplifier OP can adjust the electrical signal to a range suitable for the operation of the comparison unit 121. For example, assuming the amplitude of the electrical signal is small, the operational amplifier OP can amplify it to its threshold range to improve the reliability of the electrical signal received by the comparison unit 121, thereby improving the overall detection reliability of the detection module 12.

[0075] Operational amplifiers (OPs) experience small bias currents at their inputs. To balance the impact of these bias currents, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4 are placed at each of the two input terminals to ensure that the voltage drop caused by the bias current is equal at both input terminals, thereby reducing the impact of the bias current on circuit performance. A fifth resistor R5 is placed between the non-inverting input and the output of the OP, and a sixth resistor R6 is placed between the inverting input and the output. This establishes positive and negative feedback, improving the stability of the OP, reducing gain error, and ultimately enhancing its amplification reliability.

[0076] In order for the conversion module 11 to convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a corresponding electrical signal, in one example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the conversion module 11 includes a seventh resistor R7. One end of the seventh resistor R7 serves as one end of the conversion module 11 and is connected to one end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector 2. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 serves as another end of the conversion module 11 and is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the second end of the low-voltage detection connector 2.

[0077] In this example, when the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in a normal connection state, the voltage difference across the seventh resistor R7 is 0V, and the electrical signal output by the seventh resistor R7 is a low-level signal. When the low-voltage detection connector 2 is in an abnormal connection state, there is a voltage difference across the seventh resistor R7, and the voltage difference is greater than 0V, and the electrical signal output by the seventh resistor R7 is a high-level signal. Thus, by detecting the voltage difference across the seventh resistor R7, the connection state of the connected low-voltage detection connector 2 can be easily determined. Furthermore, the seventh resistor R7 can autonomously convert the connection state of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a high or low level signal recognizable by the detection module 12. This allows the fault detection system 1 to perform autonomous detection based on the seventh resistor R7, without relying on the control module or other systems, resulting in high detection flexibility.

[0078] Optionally, the seventh resistor R7 provided in this application can be connected to the low-voltage detection connector 2 via the low-voltage detection port.

[0079] The high-voltage components in this application are located at different positions in the vehicle, and the high-voltage connector and the low-voltage detection connector 2 are also located at different positions in the vehicle. To further shorten the length of the connecting harness, optionally, multiple comparison units 121 are connected one-to-one with the adjacent signal processing module 13 to shorten the length of the connecting harness between the signal processing module 13 and the comparison unit 121, further shortening the length of the connecting harness, simplifying the system wiring, thereby further reducing the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the detection signal during transmission, and further improving the transmission reliability and detection reliability of the detection signal. Secondly, the corresponding connection between the comparison unit 121 and the adjacent signal processing module 13 makes the connecting harnesses separate from each other, avoiding interference between the harnesses and the problem of certain safety hazards, thus improving a certain level of safety.

[0080] It is understood that the signal processing module 13 in this application can reuse the electronic control units (ECUs) corresponding to various high-voltage components in the vehicle, so that the comparison unit 121 can be connected to the adjacent ECU to shorten the length of the connection harness and simplify the system wiring. The signal processing module 13 can also reuse ECUs from other modules. This application does not impose specific restrictions on this. Optionally, the control module 14 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU).

[0081] To improve the reliability of the detection signal output by the comparator COMP, in one example, such as Figure 8As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes multiple twelfth resistors R12 and multiple second capacitors C2. The number of twelfth resistors R12 and multiple second capacitors C2 is the same as the number of comparators COMP. That is, the output terminal of each comparator COMP is connected to one end of a twelfth resistor R12 and the first plate of a second capacitor C2. The other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the signal processing module 13, and the second plate of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The second plates of the multiple second capacitors C2 are interconnected to be grounded.

[0082] In this example, the RC filter formed by the twelfth resistor R12 and the second capacitor C2 can filter out high-frequency noise, reduce interference components in the detection signal output by the comparator COMP, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio by removing noise through the twelfth resistor R12 and the second capacitor C2, reducing electromagnetic interference and making the detection signal easier for the signal processing module 13 to receive. Secondly, the twelfth resistor R12 and the second capacitor C2 can also smooth the detection signal, reducing fluctuations and jitter, making the detection signal received by the signal processing module 13 more stable. Thus, by placing the twelfth resistor R12 and the second capacitor C2 between the comparator COMP and the signal processing module 13, high-frequency noise in the detection signal can be filtered out, the detection signal stabilized, the signal-to-noise ratio improved, and electromagnetic interference reduced, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection signal received by the signal processing module 13, and consequently ensuring the detection reliability of the fault detection system 1.

[0083] The specific implementation schemes of high-voltage interlock circuits can be classified into voltage source type and current source type according to the circuit excitation source. For examples, please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 2 to 8 The high-voltage interlock circuit adopts a voltage source type. The conversion module 11 and the low-voltage detection connector 2 are connected to the power supply voltage VCC. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system 1, in one example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the fault detection system 1 also includes a ninth resistor R9 and a second switch module 16. One end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC. The first end of the second switch module 16 is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the second switch module 16 is connected to the first conversion module 11 among multiple conversion modules 11 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 The first of the multiple seventh resistors R7 shown is connected, and the controlled terminal of the second switch module 16 is connected to the control module 14.

[0084] In this example, when the fault detection system 1 needs to perform detection, the control module 14 controls the second switch module 16 to turn on, so that the power supply voltage VCC is applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located, enabling the fault detection system 1 to operate normally. When the fault detection system 1 does not need to perform detection, the control module 14 controls the second switch module 16 to turn off, so that the power supply voltage VCC is not applied to the circuit where the conversion module 11 is located, and at this time the conversion module 11 and other modules do not work. In this way, by controlling the second switch module 16 to turn off, the control module 14 can reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system 1 and save some energy.

[0085] Optionally, the second switching module 16 may be a switch, an N-Metal Oxide Semiconductor (NMOS) field-effect transistor, a P-Metal Oxide Semiconductor (PMOS) field-effect transistor, an IGBT, a transistor, a relay circuit, or other devices or circuits capable of switching on and off. This application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0086] Optional, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second switching module 16 can be a PNP transistor. The emitter of the PNP transistor is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9, the base of the PNP transistor is connected to the control module 14, and the collector of the PNP transistor is connected to the first conversion module 11 among multiple conversion modules 11. In the on-state, the saturation voltage drop of the PNP transistor is low, which helps to reduce the power loss and heat generation of the second switching module 16. Other switches can also be used for the second switching module 16; this application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0087] For example, please refer to Figure 11 The high-voltage interlock circuit adopts a current source type. The fault detection system 1 also includes an eighth resistor R8, a first switch module 17, and a current source CCS. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the control module 14. The first end of the first switch module 17 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8. The second end of the first switch module 17 is grounded. The third end of the first switch module 17 is connected to the first conversion module 11 among multiple conversion modules 11 (e.g., ...). Figure 11 The first of the multiple seventh resistors R7 shown is connected, one end of the current source CCS is connected to the fourth end of the first switch module 17, and the other end of the current source CCS is connected to the last of the multiple conversion modules 11 (e.g., the first seventh resistor R7). Figure 11 The last of the multiple seventh resistors R7 shown is connected.

[0088] In this example, when the fault detection system 1 needs to perform detection, the control module 14 controls the first switch module 17 to turn on, thus completing the circuit formed by the first switch module 17 and the ground terminal. This allows the current source CCS to be applied to the circuit containing the conversion module 11, enabling the conversion module 11 to operate normally. When the fault detection system 1 does not need to perform detection, the control module 14 controls the first switch module 17 to turn off, preventing the current source CCS from being applied to the circuit containing the conversion module 11, at which point the conversion module 11 does not operate. Thus, by controlling the second switch module 16 to turn off, the control module 14 can reduce the energy consumption of the fault detection system 1, saving energy.

[0089] Optional, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first switching module 17 can be an optocoupler. The anode of the LED in the optocoupler is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, the cathode of the LED is grounded, the collector of the transistor in the optocoupler is connected to the current source CCS, and the emitter of the transistor is connected to the first of the multiple seventh resistors R7. The control module 14 can control the switching on and off of the transistor by changing the current of the LED in the optocoupler, thereby controlling the on / off state of the first switching module 17. This provides high flexibility and fast response. Furthermore, the LED requires only a small current to drive it, resulting in low power consumption. Secondly, the LED circuit and the transistor circuit in the optocoupler are electrically isolated; that is, there is no direct electrical connection between the control module corresponding to the LED and the load circuit corresponding to the transistor. This effectively prevents damage to the circuit from high voltage or high current, achieving electrical isolation and improving the service life and reliability of the fault detection system. The first switching module 17 can also be selected from other circuits or devices capable of achieving isolation and switching functions; this application does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0090] In summary, the conversion module 11 provided in this application can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 into a high- or low-level signal that the detection module 12 can recognize. That is, the conversion module 11 can convert the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 in real time, so that the detection module 12 can generate a corresponding detection signal based on the electrical signal converted by the conversion module 11 to achieve accurate detection. The detection module 12 will output the generated detection signal to the control module 14 through the signal processing module 13, so that the control module 14 can accurately know the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the specific fault location (i.e., the abnormally connected low-voltage detection connector 2) based on the detection signal. This achieves accurate detection of the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and the on / off status of the high-voltage interlock circuit, so that the staff can determine the fault of the low-voltage detection connector 2 and quickly repair or replace the low-voltage detection connector 2, improving the detection and troubleshooting efficiency, effectively solving the problem of low efficiency in troubleshooting high-voltage interlock systems, and improving a certain degree of safety. Secondly, compared to using a longer wiring harness to connect the detection module 12 and the control module 14, the multiple detection modules 12 in this application first send the detection signal to the signal processing module 13. After processing the detection signal, the multiple signal processing modules 13 send it to the control module 14 through a common node A. That is, the multiple signal processing modules 13 are connected to the control module 14 through the same wiring harness to achieve signal transmission. This reduces the wiring harness layout and simplifies the overall wiring of the fault detection system 1 while ensuring signal transmission. In addition, the connection harness between the multiple signal processing modules 13 and the control module 14 is shorter, and the resistance, capacitance and inductance encountered by the processed detection signal during transmission are smaller, thereby improving the reliability of the detection signal transmission and thus improving the detection reliability of the control module 14.

[0091] The vehicle in this application embodiment can be an electric vehicle, that is, a vehicle that uses electrical energy as a power source and drives the wheels through an electric motor. Electric vehicles include, but are not limited to, battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs). This application does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0092] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the fault detection system 1 described above, and therefore will not be described again.

[0093] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0094] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fault detection system applied to a high-voltage interlock circuit with multiple low-voltage detection connectors, characterized in that, The fault detection system includes: Multiple conversion modules are connected in series and are respectively connected to multiple low-voltage detection connectors. Each conversion module can output a corresponding electrical signal based on the connection status of the low-voltage detection connector. Multiple detection modules are connected one-to-one with multiple conversion modules. The multiple detection modules receive the electrical signal and output corresponding detection signals based on the electrical signal. Multiple signal processing modules, each connected one-to-one with a plurality of detection modules, are used to receive the detection signals. The multiple signal processing modules are interconnected to form a common node; and... A control module is connected to the common node to receive the detection signals processed by the multiple signal processing modules. The control module is used to determine the on / off state of the high-voltage interlock circuit and the connection state of the multiple low-voltage detection connectors based on the multiple detection signals. Each of the aforementioned conversion modules includes: A seventh resistor, one end of which is connected to the first end of the detection module and the low-voltage detection connector, and the other end of which is connected to the second end of the detection module and the low-voltage detection connector; Each of the aforementioned detection modules includes: The comparison unit has a first input terminal connected to a reference voltage, a second input terminal connected to the conversion module, and an output terminal connected to the signal processing module. The comparison unit is used to generate the detection signal based on the reference voltage and the electrical signal, and send the detection signal to the signal processing module. The comparison unit includes a comparator, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first capacitor; The inverting input of the comparator is connected to the conversion module, the non-inverting input of the comparator is connected to one end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, the output of the comparator is connected to the other end of the first resistor and the signal processing module, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and connected to the reference voltage, and the second plate of the first capacitor is grounded. The comparator, together with the first resistor and the second resistor, constitutes a hysteresis comparator circuit. The fault detection system also includes: A ninth resistor, one end of which is connected to a power supply voltage; and, The second switch module has a first end connected to the other end of the ninth resistor, a second end connected to the first of the plurality of conversion modules, and a controlled end connected to the control module.

2. The fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: The voltage divider module has a first terminal connected to the power supply voltage, a second terminal grounded, and a third terminal connected to the first input terminal of the comparator unit. The voltage divider module is used to provide the reference voltage to the comparator unit.

3. The fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the detection modules further includes: An amplification unit is connected to the second input terminal of the conversion module and the comparison unit. The amplification unit is used to receive the electrical signal, amplify the electrical signal, and output it to the comparison unit.

4. The fault detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amplification unit includes an operational amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; One end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the conversion module, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier and one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the other end of the conversion module, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier and one end of the sixth resistor, and the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the second input of the comparator unit and the other end of the sixth resistor.

5. The fault detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion module includes: The seventh resistor has one end connected to one end of the conversion module, one end of the third resistor, and the first end of the low-voltage detection connector. The other end of the seventh resistor has the other end connected to one end of the conversion module, one end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of the low-voltage detection connector.

6. The fault detection system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fault detection system also includes: The eighth resistor, one end of which is connected to the control module; A first switching module, wherein a first terminal of the first switching module is connected to the other terminal of the eighth resistor, a second terminal of the first switching module is grounded, and a third terminal of the first switching module is connected to the first of the plurality of switching modules; and A current source, one end of which is connected to the fourth terminal of the first switching module, and the other end of which is connected to the last of the plurality of conversion modules.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicles include: A high-voltage interlock circuit, wherein the high-voltage interlock circuit is equipped with multiple low-voltage detection connectors; The fault detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is connected to a plurality of the low-voltage detection connectors.

Images