Functional molecule for extracting solanesol, molecularly imprinted polymer, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional molecule for extracting solanesol, a molecularly imprinted polymer as well as a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of solanesol extraction.The functional molecule containing carbonyl and alkyl chains is designed and prepared, the molecule is easy to synthesize and high in yield, and the molecular imprinting polymer can be used for extracting solanesol. Efficient specific recognition of solanesol molecules can be realized through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic acting force. Functional molecules for extracting solanesol are applied to preparation of a molecularly imprinted polymer, and when the amount of the functional molecules for extracting solanesol is 5%, chloroform is used as a solvent, a 30-time cross-linking agent is used and a cross-linking agent N 'N-methylene diacrylamide is adopted, the molecular imprinting polymer is prepared. The prepared molecularly imprinted polymer has the maximum solanesol adsorption capacity, the prepared molecularly imprinted polymer extraction column is applied to extraction of solanesol in tobacco leaves, efficient extraction and purification of solanesol can be achieved, and the adsorption capacity can reach 61.65 mg / g.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solanesol extraction, and in particular to functional molecules for extracting solanesol, molecular imprinting polymers, and preparation methods and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solanesol is a substance with high economic added value in waste tobacco, with a content of 0.3% to 3.0% in tobacco. Solanesol itself has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular disease and anti-ulcer effects, and it is an important pharmaceutical intermediate, mainly used to synthesize coenzyme Q10 (a drug for treating heart disease), vitamin K2 and anti-cancer synergist SDB. In recent years, the demand for solanesol in the international market has increased rapidly at a rate of more than 10% per year. The domestic market for solanesol products is also in short supply, but due to technical conditions, my country mainly produces crude solanesol (15% to 20%), and then exports it at a market price of 90,000 to 100,000 yuan per ton, and then imports fine solanesol (90%) at a price of 1.2 million yuan per ton.

[0003] At present, the extraction methods of solanesol include steam distillation, solvent extraction, cationic resin exchange, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, molecular distillation, distillation extraction, column chromatography, macroporous adsorption resin separation, etc. However, when these methods are used alone or in combination, most of them have the problems of large equipment, high energy consumption, low extraction purity, and large solvent consumption. Therefore, there is still a lack of separation and purification technology with high purity and high yield for the separation of solanesol in tobacco.

[0004] Molecular imprinting is a new technology for separating and purifying organic substances that has emerged in recent years. It has a high degree of selective recognition for target molecules and their analogs, and can selectively adsorb target molecules. However, the functional molecules in existing solanesol molecular imprinting polymers are mostly acrylic acid, which results in the prepared molecular imprinting polymers not having strong specific selectivity for solanesol, and cannot achieve high-purity extraction of solanesol. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a functional molecule for extracting solanesol, a molecular imprinting polymer, and a preparation method and application thereof, which effectively solves the technical problem that the molecular imprinting polymer prepared with acrylic acid as the functional molecule has poor specific selectivity for solanesol and cannot achieve high-purity extraction of solanesol, and at the same time provides a spatial molecular imprinting polymer structure with more solanesol recognition sites and a certain hardness.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional molecule for extracting solanesol, the structural formula of the functional molecule is:

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the functional molecule for extracting solanesol, comprising the following steps: using hexadecanol and α-methylacrylic acid as reaction raw materials, and sequentially adding a carboxyl activator and an acylation catalyst into dichloromethane, performing esterification reaction at room temperature, and concentrating and separating to obtain the functional molecule for extracting solanesol.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to α-methacrylic acid is 1:1.2-2.5, the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the carboxyl activator is 1:1.5-3.0, and the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the acylation catalyst is 1:0.3-0.6.

[0009] The third object of the present invention is to provide a molecular imprinted polymer prepared using the functional molecule for extracting solanesol as a raw material.

[0010] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a molecular imprinted polymer, comprising the following steps: dissolving solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and a functional molecule for extracting solanesol in a porogen, adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator, heating the mixture to 50-62° C. for polymerization reaction, and obtaining a molecular imprinted polymer.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 4 to 6 times that of solanesol, the molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 3% to 10% of α-methacrylic acid, and the molar amount of the cross-linking agent is 30 to 50 times that of solanesol.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the porogen is chloroform or n-hexane.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, pentaerythritol triacrylate, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), potassium persulfate, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate or azobisisoheptanenitrile.

[0015] The fifth object of the present invention is to provide an application of the molecularly imprinted polymer in separating and purifying solanesol in tobacco leaves, specifically comprising: loading the molecularly imprinted polymer into a column to obtain a molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction column, loading the n-hexane extract of tobacco leaves, adsorbing, and eluting.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention designs and prepares a functional molecule containing a carbonyl group and an alkyl chain, introduces a carboxyl group as a hydrogen bond receptor into the design of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol, and simultaneously introduces a hydrophobic group of the alkyl chain, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the recognition sites of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol and the template molecule solanesol. The functional molecule for extracting solanesol of the present invention realizes efficient and specific recognition of solanesol molecules through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces.

[0018] The functional molecule for extracting solanesol is applied in the preparation of molecular imprinted polymer, and the equilibrium adsorption amount of solanesol is used as an index. When the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 5%, chloroform is used as a solvent, 30 times of the cross-linking agent and the cross-linking agent N'N-methylenebisacrylamide are used, the adsorption amount of solanesol by the prepared molecular imprinted polymer is the largest. The prepared molecular imprinted polymer extraction column is applied to extracting solanesol from tobacco leaves, and efficient extraction and purification of solanesol can be achieved, and the adsorption amount can reach 61.65 mg / g. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the hydrogen spectrum of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the mass spectrum of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 The SEM images of the molecularly imprinted polymer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and the non-molecularly imprinted polymer prepared in the comparative example are shown.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the effect of the amount of functional molecules used to extract solanesol on the equilibrium adsorption amount of solanesol by molecularly imprinted polymers.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the influence of the type of porogen on the equilibrium adsorption amount of solanesol by the molecularly imprinted polymer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the effect of the amount of the cross-linking agent used in the present invention on the equilibrium adsorption amount of solanesol by the molecularly imprinted polymer.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the influence of the type of cross-linking agent on the equilibrium adsorption amount of solanesol by the molecularly imprinted polymer of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 The elution curve of unadsorbed solanesol is shown when the molecularly imprinted polymer of Example 1 of the present invention and the non-molecularly imprinted polymer of Comparative Example 1 are used as eluents to adsorb solanesol.

[0027] Fig. 9The elution curves of solanesol adsorbed by the molecularly imprinted polymer of Example 1 of the present invention and the non-molecularly imprinted polymer of Comparative Example 1 using chloroform / methanol as eluents.

[0028] Fig.10 This is a comparison chart of the adsorption of solanesol in tobacco leaves by the molecularly imprinted polymer of Example 1 of the present invention and the non-molecularly imprinted polymer of Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention and implement it, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention. The following test methods and detection methods, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods; the reagents and raw materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.

[0030] The present invention aims at the technical problem mentioned in the background technology that the functional molecules in the existing solanesol molecular imprinting polymers are mostly acrylic acid, which results in the prepared molecular imprinting polymers having weak specific selectivity for solanesol and being unable to achieve high-purity extraction of solanesol. In view of the above technical problem, the present invention provides functional molecules for extracting solanesol, molecular imprinting polymers, and preparation methods and applications.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below.

[0032] The present invention provides a functional molecule for extracting solanesol, and the structural formula of the functional molecule is:

[0033]

[0034] The preparation method of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol comprises the following steps: taking hexadecanol and α-methylacrylic acid as reaction raw materials, and sequentially adding a carboxyl activator and an acylation catalyst into dichloromethane, esterifying at room temperature, concentrating and separating, and obtaining the functional molecule for extracting solanesol. The carboxyl activator used in the present invention is 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, denoted as EDC; the acylation catalyst used is 4-dimethylaminopyridine, denoted as DMAP.

[0035] The functional molecule for extracting solanesol obtained by the above technical scheme is a functional molecule containing a carbonyl group and an alkyl chain. In the design of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol, a carboxyl group as a hydrogen bond acceptor is introduced, and at the same time, a hydrophobic group of the alkyl chain is introduced, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the recognition sites of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol and the template molecule. The molecule is simple to synthesize and has a high yield. The efficient and specific recognition of the solanesol molecule can be achieved through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces, so that the solanesol in the waste tobacco leaves can be efficiently separated and extracted.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to α-methacrylic acid is 1:1.2-2.5, the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the carboxyl activator is 1:1.5-3.0, and the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the acylation catalyst is 1:0.3-0.6.

[0037] The method uses the functional molecule of the extracted solanesol as a raw material to prepare a molecular imprinted polymer, comprising the following steps: dissolving solanesol, α-methylacrylic acid and the functional molecule of the extracted solanesol in a porogen, adding a crosslinking agent and an initiator, heating to 50-62° C. for polymerization reaction, and obtaining the molecular imprinted polymer.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 4 to 6 times that of solanesol, the molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 3% to 10% of α-methacrylic acid, and the molar amount of the cross-linking agent is 30 to 50 times that of solanesol.

[0039] It should be noted that in the preparation process of molecular imprinting polymer, the selection and dosage of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol are very important. It not only needs to have a structure that can form a recognition site with the template molecule solanesol, but also be able to undergo copolymerization reaction with the cross-linking agent to form a spatial polymer structure with a certain hardness. The present invention firstly investigates the effect of the dosage of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol on the equilibrium adsorption amount of the molecular imprinting polymer by using a static adsorption experiment. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The results show that when the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 5%, the adsorption amount of the molecular imprinting polymer on the solanesol molecule is the largest, about 76.29 mg / g, and when the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 33%, the adsorption amount of the molecular imprinting polymer on the solanesol molecule is the least, only 36.48 mg / g. In summary, when the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 5%, the molecular imprinting polymer has the best adsorption effect on the solanesol molecule. The reason why the overall increase first and then decrease is that with the increase in the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol, the self-assembly between solanesol and the functional molecule for extracting solanesol tends to be complete, forming a stable self-assembled complex, so the adsorption is strong; when the amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is too large, the self-assembly between them will be destroyed, so the adsorption performance deteriorates.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the porogen is chloroform or n-hexane.

[0041] It should be noted that porogens are important ingredients for preparing molecularly imprinted polymers. In addition to dissolving functional molecules, template molecules, solanesol and cross-linking agents, porogens can also disperse the heat generated during the polymerization reaction of materials, produce pore-forming effects on materials, thereby affecting the polymer's apparent morphology, particle uniformity, specific surface area, pores and rigidity, and ultimately affecting the molecularly imprinted polymer's ability to recognize template molecules. The present invention compares the adsorption properties of molecularly imprinted polymers prepared using commonly used porogens, including acetonitrile, methanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, and n-hexane. Figure 5 As shown. The results show that when the solvent is chloroform, the molecular imprinting polymer has the largest adsorption amount for solanesol molecules, which is about 119.86 mg / g; while acetonitrile is significantly inferior to the other four solvents, with an adsorption amount of only 59.70 mg / g. The above results show that different types of solvents have a greater impact on the adsorption amount of the target molecule solanesol by the molecular imprinting polymer, and the adsorption effects are from strong to weak in the order of chloroform> dichloromethane> n-hexane> methanol> acetonitrile. The reason for this phenomenon is related to the polarity of the solution. For example, chloroform, dichloromethane and n-hexane have lower polarity, so the effect of producing polymers is better, while solvents with higher polarity such as methanol and acetonitrile will weaken the bond between MIP and the functional molecules for extracting solanesol, resulting in a significant impact on recognition.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, pentaerythritol triacrylate, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0043] It should be noted that in the molecular imprinting process, crosslinkers are used to fix the template molecule-functional monomer complex to form a polymer with a specific spatial structure for the imprinted molecule. The type of crosslinker mainly affects the polymer morphology, changes the accessibility of the pores and the adsorption kinetics. When selecting a crosslinker, it is required that the synthesized polymer not only has a certain rigidity to maintain the shape of the pores, but also has a certain flexibility to make the recognition point have better accessibility, thereby improving its adsorption performance. In the preliminary test stage of the present invention, the effects of molecular imprinting polymers prepared with five crosslinkers (N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide MBA, pentaerythritol triacrylate PETA, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate TMPTMA, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate EDMA, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate) on the adsorption properties of solanesol were investigated. Figure 7As shown in the figure, the results show that different cross-linking agents have significant effects on the amount of target molecule solanesol adsorbed by molecular imprinting polymers, but the adsorption of the target molecule solanesol is good. The order of adsorption performance from strong to weak is MBA>PETA>3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate>TMPTMA>EDMA. This is because there are two amide groups inside the MBA molecule, which can form a network during the reaction, thereby forming a more stable three-dimensional spatial configuration.

[0044] In addition, the amount of crosslinker used will affect the rigidity of the polymer and the accessibility of the recognition site. When the amount of crosslinker used is too high, the capacity of the polymer decreases, the rigidity is strong, and the accessibility of its recognition site is poor; on the contrary, when the amount of crosslinker used is too low, the rigidity is weak, resulting in strong accessibility of its recognition site and reduced specific binding. In the experiment, EDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) was used as the crosslinker. The effect of different amounts of crosslinker (relative to the multiple of the template molecule solanesol) on the adsorption amount of solanesol is shown in the figure. Figure 6 As shown. The results show that when the amount of cross-linking agent is 30 times, the molecular imprinting polymer has the best adsorption effect on solanesol molecules, and the adsorption amount reaches 98.60 mg / g; when the amount of cross-linking agent is small, the adsorption performance is significantly weaker than that when the amount of cross-linking agent is large. Generally speaking, as the amount of cross-linking agent increases, the adsorption effect of molecular imprinting polymer on target molecules should be better, because increasing the amount of cross-linking agent can make the three-dimensional structure of the action point more stable, thereby improving the specific recognition ability of molecular imprinting polymer to target molecules.

[0045] It should be noted that the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), potassium persulfate, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate or azobisisoheptanenitrile. In the subsequent embodiments of the present invention, azobisisobutyronitrile is used as the initiator.

[0046] The technical effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0047] The preparation method of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol adopted by the present invention is specifically as follows: hexadecanol (2.42 g, 10.0 mmol), α-methylacrylic acid (1.03 g, 12.0 mmol), EDC (2.87 g, 15.0 mmol) and DMAP (0.37 g, 3.0 mmol) are sequentially added into 25 mL of dichloromethane, reacted at room temperature for 24 hours, and the hexadecanol is completely consumed according to TLC monitoring. After the reaction is completed, the reaction liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure, and a crude product is separated and purified by using a silica gel column, and the mobile phase is ethyl acetate-methanol (V / V=5:1), and finally a yellow liquid functional molecule for extracting solanesol is obtained.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0050] The template molecule solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule extracted from solanesol were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen according to the molar ratio of solanesol to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:5 and the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:0.05. The mixture was placed at -4°C under vacuum for 10 min. After sufficient action, the cross-linking agent EDMA (30 times the molar amount of solanesol) was added, and the mixture was ultrasonicated for 10 min. Finally, the initiator AIBN was added, and the temperature was raised to 60°C for polymerization for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid:methanol (v / v=1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a molecularly imprinted polymer, which was recorded as MIP.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0053] The template molecule solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule extracted from solanesol were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen according to the molar ratio of solanesol to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:4 and the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:0.03. The mixture was placed at -4°C under vacuum for 10 min. After sufficient action, the crosslinking agent EDMA (50 times the molar amount of solanesol) was added, and the mixture was ultrasonicated for 10 min. Finally, the initiator AIBN was added, and the temperature was raised to 60°C for polymerization for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid:methanol (v / v=1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a molecularly imprinted polymer, which was recorded as MIP.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0056] The template molecule solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule extracted from solanesol were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen according to the molar ratio of solanesol to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:6 and the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:0.1. The mixture was placed at -4°C under vacuum for 10 min. After sufficient action, the cross-linking agent EDMA with a molar amount 40 times that of solanesol was added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed for 10 min. Finally, the initiator AIBN was added, and the temperature was raised to 60°C for polymerization for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid:methanol (v / v=1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a molecularly imprinted polymer, which was recorded as MIP.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0059] The template molecule solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule extracted from solanesol were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen according to the molar ratio of solanesol to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:4.5 and the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:0.05. The mixture was placed at -4°C under vacuum for 10 min. After sufficient action, the crosslinking agent EDMA (35 times the molar amount of solanesol) was added, ultrasonicated for 10 min, and finally the initiator AIBN was added. The temperature was raised to 60°C and polymerized for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid:methanol (v / v=1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a molecularly imprinted polymer, which was recorded as MIP.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0062] The template molecule solanesol, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule extracted from solanesol were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen according to the molar ratio of solanesol to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:5.5 and the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid to the functional molecule extracted from solanesol of 1:0.06. The mixture was placed at -4°C under vacuum for 10 min. After sufficient action, the crosslinking agent EDMA (45 times the molar amount of solanesol) was added, and the mixture was ultrasonicated for 10 min. Finally, the initiator AIBN was added, and the temperature was raised to 60°C for polymerization for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid:methanol (v / v=1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a molecularly imprinted polymer, which was recorded as MIP.

[0063] In order to further illustrate the technical effect of the present invention, the present invention also sets a comparative example, which is as follows:

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A method for preparing a non-imprinted polymer comprises the following steps:

[0066] According to the molar ratio of α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule for extracting solanesol of 1:0.05, α-methacrylic acid and the functional molecule were dissolved in a certain amount of porogen, vacuumed and placed at -4°C for 10 min. After sufficient action, the cross-linking agent EDMA with a molar amount of 30 times that of solanesol was added, ultrasonicated for 10 min, and finally the initiator AIBN was added. The temperature was raised to 60°C and polymerized for 24 h. The obtained polymer was crushed and passed through a 200-mesh sieve, first rinsed with a certain amount of acetic acid: methanol (v / v = 1:9), and then washed with 500 mL of methanol to obtain a non-imprinted polymer, recorded as NIP.

[0067] The molecularly imprinted polymers prepared in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and the non-imprinted polymer prepared in Comparative Example 1 were used to separate and purify solanesol from tobacco leaves. The specific performance tests are as follows:

[0068] 1. Characterization of functional molecules of extracted solanesol

[0069] use 1 H NMR and HRMS were used to characterize the structure of the functional molecules of the extracted solanesol. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The results show that the prepared substance conforms to the expected chemical structure and has a high purity.

[0070] 2. Characterization of molecularly imprinted polymers

[0071] The surface characteristics of the polymer were characterized by SEM, the measurement voltage of the scanning electron microscope was 15 kV, and the sample magnification was 50,000 times. The surface characteristics of the MIP prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and the NIP molecular imprinting polymer prepared in Comparative Example 1 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown by Figure 3 The results show that Figure 3 In Figure A, the particle size distribution of MIP molecular imprinting polymer is relatively uniform, and the smaller the size, the larger the surface area. Figure 3 In Figure B, the surface structure of the NIP molecular imprinting polymer is relatively loose and the particle size is larger, indicating that the molecular imprinting polymer with solanesol as the template molecule has a larger surface area to bind to the target molecule.

[0072] 3. Application of molecularly imprinted polymers in tobacco

[0073] The molecularly imprinted polymer prepared in Example 1 was loaded into a molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction column, and the separation and analysis of solanesol in tobacco was performed according to the following process:

[0074] Preparation of functional molecules for extracting solanesol → Preparation of molecular imprinting polymer and optimization of conditions → Column loading (molecular imprinting solid phase extraction column) → Sample loading (n-hexane extract of tobacco leaves) → n-hexane elution of non-adsorbed solanesol → chloroform / methanol elution of adsorbed solanesol → UV recording of elution curve and analysis of the adsorption amount of solanesol.

[0075] Figure 8 The adsorption curve of solanesol when tobacco leaf extract was added to a 5 g molecularly imprinted polymer column. When the 10th tube was washed with n-hexane, almost all the unadsorbed solanesol flowed out.

[0076] Fig. 9The elution curve of solanesol when chloroform / methanol is used as the eluent. It can be seen from the figure that for the NIP-SPE column, the concentration of solanesol reaches the maximum when eluting to the 4th tube, while for the MIP-SPE column, the concentration of solanesol reaches the maximum when eluting to the 8th tube, indicating that the interaction between the MIP molecular imprinting polymer and solanesol is more effective, so it is eluted later. Based on the above data, the adsorption of solanesol in waste tobacco leaves by the MIP-SPE column and the NIP-SPE column is calculated to be 37.85 mg / g and 61.65 mg / g, respectively. Fig.10 As shown, it shows that the MIP column can more effectively identify and adsorb solanesol.

[0077] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A functional molecule for extracting solanesol, characterized in that: The structural formula of the functional molecule is:

2. A method for preparing a functional molecule for extracting solanesol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Hexadecanol and α-methylacrylic acid are used as reaction raw materials, and a carboxyl activator and an acylation catalyst are sequentially added into dichloromethane, an esterification reaction is carried out at room temperature, and the reaction is concentrated and separated to obtain a functional molecule for extracting solanesol.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of the hexadecanol to α-methylacrylic acid is 1:1.2-2.5, the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the carboxyl activator is 1:1.5-3.0, and the molar ratio of the hexadecanol to the acylation catalyst is 1:0.3-0.

6.

4. A molecularly imprinted polymer, characterized in that The method is prepared by using the functional molecule for extracting solanesol as claimed in claim 1 as raw material.

5. A method for preparing a molecularly imprinted polymer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Solanesol, α-methylacrylic acid and functional molecules for extracting solvent are dissolved in a porogen, a crosslinking agent and an initiator are added, and the temperature is raised to 50-62° C. to carry out polymerization reaction to obtain a molecular imprinting polymer.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 4 to 6 times that of solanesol, the molar amount of the functional molecule for extracting solanesol is 3% to 10% of α-methyl acrylic acid, and the molar amount of the cross-linking agent is 30 to 50 times that of solanesol.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The porogen is chloroform or n-hexane.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, pentaerythritol triacrylate, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl acrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate or azobisisoheptanenitrile.

10. Use of the molecularly imprinted polymer according to claim 4 in separating and purifying solanesol from tobacco leaves, characterized in that: The molecularly imprinted polymer is loaded into a column to obtain a molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction column, and the n-hexane extract of tobacco leaves is loaded, adsorbed, and eluted.

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