An apparatus for detecting deformation of a moraine layer tunnel and a detection method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and discloses a deformation detection device for a moraine layer tunnel, which includes a sliding seat. The sliding seat is installed on a track. An annular slide rail is provided on the sliding seat, and a deformation detection mechanism is provided on the annular slide rail. The annular slide rail is concentric with the tunnel, and the annular slide rail is provided as a detachable structure; the annular slide rail is composed of a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments spliced together. A clamping structure is provided at the connection end of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments, and a sealing rubber ring is nested at the connection. In the present invention, the annular slide rail composed of a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments greatly reduces the transportation difficulty. In a narrow tunnel construction environment, it can be easily transported to the operation site in parts. During on-site assembly, thanks to the clamping structure and the guiding inclined surface, the splicing operation is simple and fast, reducing the assembly time in the tunnel, reducing the construction risk, and improving the overall construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and particularly to a deformation detection device for moraine layer tunnels and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of transportation infrastructure construction into mountainous areas and other places, tunnel projects passing through moraine layers are increasing day by day. The moraine layer is a special geological body formed by glacial accumulation, with complex components, often containing gravel, sand, and clay of different sizes, and its geological characteristics are extremely unstable. During the tunnel excavation and operation stages, the moraine layer is easily deformed under the influence of factors such as stress disturbance, groundwater activity, and temperature change, posing a huge hidden danger to the safety of the tunnel structure. In the past, many moraine layer tunnel projects have encountered accidents such as surrounding rock collapse and lining cracking, not only delaying the project progress but also endangering the lives of construction workers and the stability of later operation.

[0003] Since the existing deformation detection devices cannot adapt to the complexity of the moraine layer, there may be greater uncertainties during tunnel excavation. Therefore, real-time deformation monitoring is very important for ensuring construction safety and engineering quality. Deformation monitoring can help engineers understand the changes in the tunnel structure, timely discover potential problems, and take corresponding measures to prevent accidents from occurring or mitigate their impacts. Therefore, by setting up a tunnel deformation detection device, the deformation danger of the tunnel can be discovered in time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deformation detection device for moraine layer tunnels and a detection method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems that traditional deformation monitoring devices cannot adapt to the complexity of the moraine layer and there may be greater uncertainties during tunnel excavation.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deformation detection device for moraine layer tunnels includes a sliding seat, the sliding seat is installed on a track, a circular slide rail is provided on the sliding seat, a deformation detection mechanism is provided on the circular slide rail, the circular slide rail is concentric with the tunnel, and the circular slide rail is arranged as a detachable structure; the circular slide rail is composed of a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments spliced together, a clamping structure is provided at the connection end of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments, and a sealing rubber ring is nested at the connection.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes a clamping joint and a clamping groove. A clamping groove is provided on the inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped rail segment, and a clamping joint is integrally formed at the other end. The clamping joint is adapted to the clamping groove. The groove depth of the clamping groove is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped rail segment. A guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping joint. A screw hole is provided through the connection between the clamping joint and the clamping groove. The screw hole cooperates with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection between the clamping joint and the clamping groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the deformation detection mechanism includes a detection seat, which is hollow and sleeved on the arc track, a telescopic rod is provided on the top of the detection seat, and a detection probe is installed on the top of the telescopic rod;

[0009] A group of guide wheels are installed on both sides of the left and right sides of the detection seat, one of which is connected to the driving motor. The forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor drives the guide wheel to rotate forward and reverse, and the displacement of the detection seat is achieved through the friction between the guide wheel and the arc track.

[0010] Further, the deformation detection mechanism also includes an auxiliary unit, the auxiliary unit is used to assist the detection of the detection probe, and the auxiliary unit includes: an auxiliary head, the auxiliary head is provided with a probe, the auxiliary head is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod, the probe is arranged in a flexible structure, and the connection between the probe and the auxiliary head is an elastic connection;

[0011] The probe is woven from multiple strands of carbon fiber tows, and one end of the probe is connected to the auxiliary head through a spring to form an elastic connection.

[0012] Furthermore, the deformation detection mechanism also includes a cleaning unit, which includes: an air blowing module and a dust suction module. The air blowing module uses airflow to blow away the dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel, and the dust suction module works together with the air blowing module to prevent the blown away dust and mist from spreading again.

[0013] Furthermore, the air blowing module includes an air pump, an air pipe and an air nozzle. The air pump is placed on the sliding seat. One end of the air pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end is connected to a plurality of air nozzles. The air nozzles are evenly distributed along the outer side surface of the annular slide rail. The air outlet of the air nozzle is arranged to be flat so that the blown airflow can cover the inner wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust suction module includes a dust cleaner, a dust suction tube and a dust suction port. The dust cleaner is installed on the sliding seat. The dust suction tube adopts a retractable bellows. The dust suction port is arranged at one end of the dust suction tube and is arranged in a trumpet shape. There are multiple dust suction ports, and each of the dust suction ports is arranged around the corresponding air nozzle.

[0015] Further, the deformation detection mechanism further includes a linkage unit for adjusting the rotation speed of the driving motor. The linkage unit includes a pressure sensor disposed at the auxiliary head and the spring, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the driving motor. When the probe deforms, the pressure received by the pressure sensor increases, and after receiving the signal of increased pressure, the driving motor reduces its rotation speed.

[0016] A method for detecting the deformation of a moraine layer tunnel, the steps of which are as follows:

[0017] S1. Turn on the air blowing module to eject high-pressure air flow to blow the dust and fog on the inner side wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turn on the dust suction module to suck away the blown dust and fog for a preset duration.

[0018] S2. After the cleaning is completed, start the driving motor to drive the guide wheel to rotate, drive the detection seat to move slowly and uniformly along the annular slide rail, drive the detection probe to collect the displacement of the tunnel lining, the strain of the steel bars, and the environmental temperature and humidity data, and transmit them to the background data processing system in real time. The data is attached with a time stamp and a position mark.

[0019] S3. The background data processing system receives the data and compares each with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameter exceeds the safety threshold, a warning message including the exceeded parameter, the position, and the exceeded amplitude is issued.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] (1) The telescopic rod on the detection seat of the present invention is paired with the detection probe, which can flexibly adjust the distance between the probe and the tunnel wall surface to adapt to the lining surface with different flatness. A variety of sensors can be integrated on the detection probe, including a laser displacement sensor, a strain sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor working together, which can simultaneously capture the displacement, stress strain, and environmental temperature and humidity conditions of the tunnel lining, obtain data in all directions, and provide rich basis for accurately judging the cause and trend of tunnel deformation.

[0022] (2) In the present invention, the driving motor drives the guide wheel to enable the detection seat to smoothly displace along the annular slide rail, which can comprehensively detect the inner wall of the tunnel without missing any potential deformation area, continuously and dynamically monitor the tunnel deformation situation, and ensure that the safety of the entire tunnel structure is under monitoring.

[0023] (3) When the present invention works, start the cleaning unit, the air pump runs at high speed, and the generated high-pressure air flow is ejected from the air jet nozzle through the air delivery pipe. The strong air flow blows away the dust and fog attached to the side wall of the tunnel. At the same time, the vacuum cleaner works synchronously, and the horn-shaped dust suction port quickly sucks away the blown dust and fog to prevent it from diffusing in the detection area again, creating a clear environment for subsequent accurate detection. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 is the overall framework diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle;

[0027] Figure 3 is the exploded schematic diagram of the auxiliary unit in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the annular slide rail;

[0029] Figure 5 is the step diagram of the detection method;

[0030] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the emergency avoidance component in the present invention.

[0031] Description of the drawings: 1. Sliding seat; 2. Annular slide rail; 21. Arc rail section; 22. Clamping structure; 221. Clamping head; 222. Clamping groove; 223. Screw hole; 3. Deformation detection mechanism; 31. Detection seat; 32. Telescopic rod; 33. Detection probe; 34. Guide wheel; 35. Driving motor; 36. Auxiliary unit; 361. Auxiliary head; 362. Probe; 363. Spring; 37. Air blowing module; 371. Air pump; 372. Air delivery pipe; 373. Air jet nozzle; 38. Dust suction module; 371. Vacuum cleaner; 372. Dust suction pipe; 383. Dust suction port; 39. Emergency avoidance component; 391. Double-headed piston rod; 392. Y-shaped structure; 393. Arc-shaped structure; 394. Activity groove; 395. Damping rotating shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, the present invention is a device for detecting the deformation of a moraine layer tunnel, including a sliding seat 1, which is installed on a track. A circular slide rail 2 is arranged on the sliding seat 1, and a deformation detection mechanism 3 is arranged on the circular slide rail 2. The circular slide rail 2 is concentric with the tunnel, and the circular slide rail 2 is set as a detachable structure; the circular slide rail 2 is composed of a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments 21 spliced together. A clamping structure 22 is provided at the connecting end of adjacent arc-shaped rail segments 21, and a sealing rubber ring is nested at the connection.

[0034] In the present invention, the circular slide rail 2 composed of a plurality of modular arc-shaped rail segments 21 greatly reduces the transportation difficulty. In the narrow tunnel construction environment, it can be easily transported to the operation site in parts. During on-site assembly, thanks to the clamping structure 22 and the guiding inclined surface, the splicing operation is simple and fast, reducing the assembly time in the tunnel, reducing the construction risk, and improving the overall construction efficiency; different moraine layer tunnels have different diameters. This detachable structure can adjust the circumference of the circular slide rail 2 as needed, easily adapt to tunnels of various size specifications, has strong versatility, and there is no need to customize a dedicated large-scale circular detection device for each tunnel, saving costs; if a certain part of the circular slide rail 2 is damaged, only the corresponding arc-shaped rail segment 21 needs to be disassembled for replacement and repair, without disassembling the entire device, greatly reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost, ensuring that the device can quickly resume normal detection functions, and reducing the detection interruption time caused by equipment maintenance.

[0035] The clamping structure 22 includes a clamping head 221 and a clamping groove 222. A clamping groove 222 is opened on the inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped rail segment 21, and a clamping head 221 is integrally formed at the other end. The clamping head 221 is adapted to the clamping groove 222. The depth of the clamping groove 222 is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped rail segment 21. A guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping head 221. A screw hole 223 is penetrated through the connection between the clamping head 221 and the clamping groove 222, and the screw hole 223 cooperates with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection between the clamping head 221 and the clamping groove 222.

[0036] The clamping structure 22 in the present invention is combined with a fastening bolt, and the double fixation makes the adjacent arc-shaped rail segments 21 closely connected. Even if geological activities such as frequent vibrations and micro-displacements of the stratum occur in the moraine layer, the overall structural stability of the circular slide rail 2 can be maintained, preventing the rail segments from loosening and displacing, ensuring the smooth operation of the detection mechanism, and the accuracy of data acquisition is not affected; at the same time, the nested sealing rubber ring at the connection effectively blocks the intrusion of dust and water vapor in the moraine layer into the interior of the circular slide rail 2, protects the precision sensors of the deformation detection mechanism 3 from erosion, short circuit and other damages, extends the service life of the equipment, reduces the frequency of equipment failures caused by environmental factors, and improves the reliability of the long-term operation of the device.

[0037] The deformation detection mechanism 3 includes a detection base 31 which is hollow and sleeved on the arc-shaped track. A telescopic rod 32 is arranged at the top of the detection base 31, and a detection probe 33 is installed at the top of the telescopic rod 32;

[0038] On the left and right sides inside the detection base 31, a set of guide wheels 34 are installed. One of the guide wheels 34 is in transmission connection with a driving motor 35. The driving motor 35 rotates forward and backward to drive the guide wheels 34 to rotate forward and backward, and then the displacement of the detection base 31 is realized through the friction force between the guide wheels 34 and the arc-shaped track.

[0039] The deformation detection mechanism 3 further includes an auxiliary unit 36 which is used to assist the detection of the detection probe 33. The auxiliary unit 36 includes: an auxiliary head 361, on which a probe 362 is arranged. The auxiliary head 361 is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod 32. The probe 362 is arranged as a flexible structure and the connection between the probe 362 and the auxiliary head 361 is an elastic connection;

[0040] Wherein, the probe 362 is woven by multiple carbon fiber filaments. One end of the probe 362 is connected to the auxiliary head 361 through a spring 363 to form an elastic connection.

[0041] In the present invention, the driving motor 35 drives the guide wheels 34 to rotate, and the detection base 31 starts to slowly move along the annular slide rail 2. When the detection probe 33 approaches the tunnel wall, if the distance is less than the preset threshold, the telescopic rod 32 extends, and the auxiliary head 361 drives the flexible probe 362 to contact the wall surface first. The probe 362 deforms according to the wall surface contour, the spring 363 is compressed, and the pressure signal is fed back to the control system. The control system finely adjusts the position and posture of the detection probe 33. The laser displacement sensor in the detection probe 33 monitors the displacement of the tunnel lining in real time, the strain sensor captures the strain of the lining under force, and the temperature and humidity sensor records the ambient temperature and humidity to collect data in all directions; As the detection base 31 continues to move, the detection of the entire tunnel in one circle is completed, and the data is transmitted to the background for storage and analysis in real time;

[0042] Among them, the telescopic rod 32 on the detection seat 31 is matched with the detection probe 33, which can flexibly adjust the distance between the probe and the tunnel wall to adapt to lining surfaces of different flatness. The detection probe 33 can be integrated with a variety of sensors, including laser displacement sensors, strain sensors and temperature and humidity sensors, which work together to capture the displacement, stress strain and environmental temperature and humidity conditions of the tunnel lining at the same time, and obtain data in all directions, providing rich basis for accurately judging the cause and trend of tunnel deformation; the driving motor 35 drives the guide wheel 34 to make the detection seat 31 move smoothly along the annular slide rail 2, which can realize comprehensive detection of the inner wall of the tunnel without missing any potential deformation area, and continuously and dynamically monitor the deformation of the tunnel to ensure that the safety of the entire tunnel structure is under monitoring;

[0043] The flexible probe 362 of the auxiliary unit 36 is woven from carbon fiber bundles and, with an elastic connection structure, can closely fit complex surfaces such as tiny cracks and uneven protrusions on the tunnel lining, avoiding detection blind spots caused by wall defects and making detection data more complete and accurate. At the same time, the deformation of the probe 362 caused by the force can be fed back in real time through the spring 363. When faced with irregular tunnel walls under complex geological conditions, the detection accuracy is still guaranteed, thereby improving the overall detection effect.

[0044] The deformation detection mechanism 3 also includes a cleaning unit, which includes: an air blowing module 37 and a dust suction module 38. The air blowing module 37 uses airflow to blow away the dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel, and the dust suction module 38 works together with the air blowing module 37 to prevent the blown dust and mist from spreading again.

[0045] The air blowing module 37 includes an air pump 371, an air pipe 372 and an air nozzle 373. The air pump 371 is placed on the sliding seat 1. One end of the air pipe 372 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and the other end is connected to multiple air nozzles 373. The air nozzles 373 are evenly distributed along the outer side of the annular slide rail 2. The air outlet of the air nozzle 373 is set to be flat so that the blown air flow can cover the inner wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe 33.

[0046] The dust suction module 38 includes a dust cleaner 371, a dust suction tube 372 and a dust suction port 383. The dust cleaner 371 is installed on the sliding seat 1. The dust suction tube 372 adopts a retractable bellows. The dust suction port 383 is arranged at one end of the dust suction tube 372 and is arranged in a trumpet shape. There are multiple dust suction ports 383, and each of the dust suction ports 383 is arranged around the corresponding air nozzle 373.

[0047] In the present invention, by arranging a small high-pressure air pump 371 on the sliding seat 1, it has sufficient power to generate a continuous and stable high-pressure air flow. The air delivery pipe 372 is made of a flexible rubber material that is resistant to high temperatures and abrasion. One end is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and the other end is connected to a plurality of air nozzles 373. The air nozzles 373 are evenly distributed along the annular slide rail 2, and their air outlets are flat-shaped, ensuring that the ejected air flow can cover the tunnel wall surface in a large area. Before detection, the air pump 371 is started, and the high-pressure air flow quickly blows away the dust and fog attached to the side wall of the tunnel, creating a clear environment for subsequent accurate detection, and avoiding dust and fog from interfering with the detection probe 33 and the auxiliary unit 36 from obtaining accurate data. Working together with the air blowing module 37 is also a dust suction module 38 to prevent the blown dust and fog from filling the air again. The dust suction module 38 includes a high-power vacuum cleaner 371, a dust suction pipe 372, and a dust suction port 383. The vacuum cleaner 371 is also installed on the sliding seat 1. The dust suction pipe 372 is selected as a telescopic corrugated pipe to adapt to the requirements of different detection positions. The dust suction port 383 is designed in a horn shape with a large dust suction range and is arranged around the air nozzles 373. It can timely suck away the blown dust particles, filter them through an internal filter screen, and discharge the clean air to maintain the air cleanliness of the detection area and reduce the risk of dust particles wearing the precision components of the detection equipment.

[0048] The deformation detection mechanism 3 further includes a linkage unit for adjusting the rotation speed of the drive motor 35. The linkage unit includes a pressure sensor disposed at the auxiliary head 361 and the spring 363. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the drive motor 35. When the probe 362 is deformed, the pressure received by the pressure sensor increases, and after the drive motor 35 receives the signal of increased pressure, its rotation speed decreases. The linkage unit further includes an emergency avoidance component 39 for adjusting the angle of the detection probe 33. The emergency avoidance component 39 includes:

[0049] A double-headed piston rod 391, the bottom of which is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod 32 through a bracket, and the double-headed piston rod 391 is located between the detection probe 33 and the probe 362. One end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is provided with a Y-shaped structure 392, and the notch formed by the Y-shaped structure 392 just catches on the probe 362. The other end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is ball-jointed to the detection probe 33. The bottom of the detection probe 33 is provided with an arc-shaped structure 393. An activity groove 394 is opened at the end of the telescopic rod 32. The arc-shaped structure 393 at the bottom of the detection probe 33 is hinged to the side wall of the activity groove 394 through a damping rotating shaft 395.

[0050] In the present invention, the pressure sensor in the linkage unit is linked with the drive motor 35. When the probe 362 contacts the complex wall surface and deforms, the pressure increases and the signal is transmitted to the drive motor 35, causing it to automatically reduce the rotational speed. The low-speed operation makes the detection seat 31 move more slowly, allowing the detection probe 33 more time to collect data, avoiding missing key information due to too fast movement, and further improving the detection accuracy. Especially for complex wall surface areas, it realizes refined detection;

[0051] When the probe 362 accidentally touches a large protrusion or foreign object and receives a large impact force, the impact force will be transmitted along the double-headed piston rod 391. Since one end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is connected to the probe 362 through the Y-shaped structure 392, this force drives the double-headed piston rod 391 to move. The other end of the double-headed piston rod 391 is ball-jointed to the detection probe 33. Considering that the arc-shaped structure 393 at the bottom of the detection probe 33 is hinged to the side wall of the movable slot 394 at the end of the telescopic rod 32 through the damping rotating shaft 395, the displacement of the double-headed piston rod 391 will cause the detection probe 33 to quickly rotate around the damping rotating shaft 395, flexibly change its own angle, and avoid obstacles; when the impact force disappears, the damping rotating shaft 395 can also make the probe smoothly return to the initial posture and continue the detection work;

[0052] On the one hand, the emergency avoidance component 39 adds additional protection and precise positioning capabilities to the detection probe 33. When encountering sudden sharp protrusions or foreign objects on the tunnel wall surface, it can quickly adjust the angle of the detection probe 33, prevent the probe from hard collision with obstacles, avoid damage to the sensor, and maintain the integrity of the detection device; at the same time, ensure that the detection probe 33 is always vertically aligned with the wall surface, guarantee the accuracy of the measurement angle, and continuously output stable and accurate detection data;

[0053] On the other hand, the Y-shaped structure 392 at one end of the double-headed piston rod 391 clamps the probe 362. When the probe 362 is impacted by abnormal external force, the impact force will be conducted to the bracket through the double-headed piston rod 391, dispersing the force and reducing the direct impact on the detection probe 33. Moreover, in extreme situations, the emergency avoidance component 39 can quickly change the posture of the probe, avoid the probe from being impacted and scratched, extend the service life of the core component of the detection probe 33, and reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the equipment.

[0054] The installation process of the present invention is as follows:

[0055] First, take out a plurality of modular arc rail sections 21, pick up one of them, align the clamping joint 221 at one end thereof with the clamping groove 222 of the adjacent arc rail section 21, and thanks to the guiding inclined surface on the clamping joint 221, the clamping joint 221 can be easily guided to slide into the clamping groove 222, and when the clamping joint 221 is fully embedded, the groove depth of the clamping groove 222 is lower than the thickness of the arc rail section 21, so that the surface of the joint is flat, at this time, the screw hole 223 passing through the connection between the clamping joint 221 and the clamping groove 222 is accurately aligned, the fastening bolt is screwed into the screw hole 223, and a torque wrench is used to tighten it according to the preset torque value to ensure a stable connection, and each time a section is spliced, it is necessary to check whether the sealing rubber ring between the adjacent rail sections is flat and wrinkle-free to ensure that the entire annular slide rail 2 has good sealing, and finally splice into a complete annular slide rail 2, and install it on the sliding seat 1 so that it is in a concentric state;

[0056] The hollow detection seat 31 is sleeved on the assembled annular slide rail 2, and a set of guide wheels 34 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the detection seat 31 to ensure that the guide wheels 34 are tightly fitted with the arc track. The drive motor 35 is connected to one of the guide wheels 34 through a coupling to enable the drive motor 35 to stably drive the guide wheel 34 to rotate forward and reverse. Then, a telescopic rod 32 is installed on the top of the detection seat 31, and a detection probe 33 integrated with multiple sensors is firmly fixed on the top of the telescopic rod 32;

[0057] Install the auxiliary head 361 of the auxiliary unit 36 in a suitable position, and ensure that its probe 362 is vertical. The probe 362 is woven from multiple strands of carbon fiber tows, and one end is connected to the auxiliary head 361 through a spring 363, and has good elasticity. Place the air pump 371 of the air blowing module 37 on the sliding seat 1, connect one end of the air pipe 372 to the air outlet of the air pump 371, and evenly arrange the air nozzles 373 along the outer side of the annular slide rail 2 at the other end, and adjust the air outlet of the air nozzle 373 to be flat, so that its angle is initially aligned with the inner wall of the tunnel. Afterwards, install the vacuum cleaner 371 of the dust collection module 38 at the same position of the sliding seat 1, connect the retractable bellows as the dust collection pipe 372, and install a trumpet-shaped dust collection port 383 at one end of the dust collection pipe 372, so that each dust collection port 383 corresponds to a position around the air nozzle 373.

[0058] A method for detecting deformation of a moraine tunnel, the method comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1, turn on the air blowing module 37 to eject high-pressure airflow to sweep away the dust and mist on the inner wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turn on the dust suction module 38 to suck away the blown dust and mist for a preset time;

[0060] S2. After the cleaning is completed, start the driving motor 35 to drive the guide wheel 34 to rotate, drive the detection seat 31 to move slowly and uniformly along the annular slide rail 2, drive the detection probe 33 to collect the displacement of the tunnel lining, the strain of the steel bars, and the environmental temperature and humidity data, and transmit them to the background data processing system in real time. The data is attached with a time stamp and a position mark;

[0061] S3. The background data processing system receives the data and compares each with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameter exceeds the safety threshold, a warning message including the exceeded parameter, position, and exceeded amplitude is issued. The above has described in detail an embodiment of the present invention, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation scope of the present invention. All equal changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the patent coverage scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device, comprising a sliding seat (1), the sliding seat (1) is installed on a track, a circular slide rail (2) is arranged on the sliding seat (1), and a deformation detection mechanism (3) is arranged on the circular slide rail (2), characterized in that, The annular slide rail (2) is in a concentric state with the tunnel, and the annular slide rail (2) is configured as a detachable structure; the annular slide rail (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of modular arc-shaped rails (21), the connecting ends of adjacent arc-shaped rails (21) are provided with a clamping structure (22), and a sealing rubber ring is embedded in the connection; the deformation detection mechanism (3) comprises a detection seat (31), the detection seat (31) is hollow and sleeved on the arc-shaped rail (21), a telescopic rod (32) is provided on the top of the detection seat (31), and a detection probe (33) is installed on the top of the telescopic rod (32); A group of guide wheels (34) are installed on both left and right sides of the detection seat (31), wherein one of the guide wheels (34) is connected to a driving motor (35) in a transmission manner, and the driving motor (35) rotates forward and reverse to drive the guide wheel (34) to rotate forward and reverse, and then the displacement of the detection seat (31) is achieved through the friction between the guide wheel (34) and the arc track; the deformation detection mechanism (3) also includes an auxiliary unit (36), the auxiliary unit (36) is used to assist the detection of the detection probe (33), and the auxiliary unit (36) includes: an auxiliary head (361), the auxiliary head (361) is provided with a probe (362), the auxiliary head (361) is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod (32), the probe (362) is arranged to be a flexible structure, and the connection between the probe (362) and the auxiliary head (361) is an elastic connection; The probe (362) is woven from a plurality of carbon fiber tows, and one end of the probe (362) is connected to the auxiliary head (361) via a spring (363) to form an elastic connection. The deformation detection mechanism (3) further comprises a cleaning unit, and the cleaning unit comprises an air blowing module (37) and a dust suction module (38). The air blowing module (37) blows away dust and mist attached to the side wall of the tunnel through air flow, and the dust suction module (38) works together with the air blowing module (37) to prevent the dust and mist blown away from spreading again. The deformation detection mechanism (3) further comprises a linkage unit, and the linkage unit is used to adjust the rotation speed of the drive motor (35). The linkage unit comprises a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is arranged at the auxiliary head (361) and the spring (363). The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the drive motor (35). When the probe (362) is deformed, the pressure on the pressure sensor increases, and the drive motor (35) reduces its rotation speed after receiving a pressure increase signal. The linkage unit further comprises an emergency avoidance component (39), wherein the emergency avoidance component (39) is used to adjust the angle of the detection probe (33), and the emergency avoidance component (39) comprises: Double-headed piston rod (391), the bottom of the double-headed piston rod (391) is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod (32) through a bracket, and the double-headed piston rod (391) is located between the detection probe (33) and the probe (362). One end of the double-headed piston rod (391) is provided with a Y-shaped structure (392), and the notch formed by the Y-shaped structure (392) just catches on the probe (362). The other end of the double-headed piston rod (391) is ball-jointed with the detection probe (33). The bottom of the detection probe (33) is provided with an arc-shaped structure (393). An activity groove (394) is opened at the end of the telescopic rod (32). The arc-shaped structure (393) at the bottom of the detection probe (33) is hinged to the side wall of the activity groove (394) through a damping rotating shaft (395).

2. The moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping structure (22) includes a clamping head (221) and a clamping groove (222). The clamping groove (222) is opened on the inner side surface of one end of the arc-shaped track (21), and the clamping head (221) is integrally formed at the other end. The clamping head (221) is adapted to the clamping groove (222). The depth of the clamping groove (222) is lower than the thickness of the arc-shaped track (21). A guiding inclined surface is provided on the clamping head (221). A screw hole (223) is penetrated through the connection part of the clamping head (221) and the clamping groove (222). The screw hole (223) is matched with a fastening bolt to assist in fixing the connection part of the clamping head (221) and the clamping groove (222).

3. The moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that The air blowing module (37) includes an air pump (371), an air delivery pipe (372) and an air jet nozzle (373). The air pump (371) is arranged on the sliding seat (1). One end of the air delivery pipe (372) is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (371), and the other end is connected to a plurality of air jet nozzles (373). The air jet nozzles (373) are evenly distributed along the outer side surface of the annular slide rail (2). The air outlet of the air jet nozzle (373) is set to be flat to enable the blown air flow to cover the inner side wall of the tunnel to be detected by the detection probe (33).

4. The moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust suction module (38) includes a dust collector (381), a dust suction pipe (382) and a dust suction port (383). The dust collector (381) is installed on the sliding seat (1). The dust suction pipe (382) is made of a telescopic corrugated pipe. The dust suction port (383) is arranged at one end of the dust suction pipe (382) and is set to be bell-shaped. There are a plurality of dust suction ports (383), and each dust suction port (383) is arranged around the corresponding air jet nozzle (373).

5. A method for detecting the deformation of a moraine layer tunnel, characterized in that: This deformation detection method uses the moraine layer tunnel deformation detection device described in any one of claims 1-4. The steps of this method are as follows: S1. Turn on the air blowing module (37) to eject high-pressure air flow, blow the dust and fog on the inner side wall of the tunnel, and simultaneously turn on the dust suction module (38) to suck away the blown dust and fog for a preset duration; S2. After the cleaning is completed, start the drive motor (35) to drive the guide wheel (34) to rotate, driving the detection seat (31) to slowly and uniformly move along the annular slide rail (2), driving the detection probe (33) to collect data on the displacement of the tunnel lining, the strain of the steel bars, and the environmental temperature and humidity, and transmitting the data to the background data processing system in real time, with the data attached with a time stamp and a position mark; S3. The background data processing system receives the data and compares each with the corresponding parameter safety threshold. When the parameter exceeds the safety threshold, a warning message including the exceeded parameter, the position, and the exceeded amplitude is issued.

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