Off-axis reflection binocular near-to-eye display ray machine system for high-speed protective helmet

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of display, and discloses an off-axis reflection binocular near-to-eye display optical machine system for a high-speed protective helmet, which adopts an off-axis reflection optical scheme and mainly comprises an optical machine module, an optical machine AA adjusting bracket and an optical display mask. The optical display requirements of a large view field, a long exit pupil distance, color high definition, highlight display and a small size are effectively met, and the structural adaptability problem of a physiological protection helmet is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for a wearable augmented reality helmet for high-speed flight or ground driving environments. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of AR, VR and MR technologies, near-eye display systems have become the core components of these technologies. Traditional AR optical systems have problems such as limited field of view, short pupil distance, small eye box, and low light efficiency, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of use in all-weather light environments.

[0003] Aiming at high-speed flight or ground driving environments, the present invention proposes a binocular near-eye display system based on off-axis reflective optics. Through a unique optical path design, reflective optical elements are used to achieve miniaturization and high performance. Compared with traditional technologies, it has the potential to improve the field of view, display brightness and imaging quality while reducing the system size, weight and difficulty of adjustment, and realizes the difficult problem of adapting the binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system to the physiological protection helmet structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that head-mounted augmented reality devices have long exit pupil distance, long optical path size, large volume, and are difficult to adapt to the structure of physiological protection helmets in scenarios with head protection requirements. By designing an off-axis reflective optical binocular near-eye display solution and a unique optical adjustment structure design, an off-axis reflective optical binocular near-eye display system for a wearable augmented reality helmet for high-speed flight or ground driving environments is realized, which effectively solves the optical display requirements of large field of view, long exit pupil distance, color high definition, high brightness display, and small volume, as well as the structural adaptability problem with physiological protection helmets.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] An off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets adopts an off-axis reflective optical solution, which includes:

[0007] The optical-mechanical module consists of two optical-mechanical units, left and right, to achieve binocular projection function;

[0008] The optical display mask uses a free-form surface as an optical surface and serves as a final optical device for reflective imaging, reflecting the image onto the user's retina for display imaging;

[0009] The optomechanical AA adjustment bracket is used to adjust and solidify the optical structure of the optomechanical module and the optical display mask, so that the optical display system meets the design indicators and provides an installation interface with the helmet structure.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the left optical-mechanical unit and the right optical-mechanical unit of the optical-mechanical module adopt a left-right crossed off-axis optical system layout, that is, the image obtained by the left eye corresponds to the right optical-mechanical unit, and the right eye image corresponds to the left optical-mechanical unit. The spatial position and rotation of the optical-mechanical unit are used to compensate for the aberration introduced by the free-form surface optical display mask.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the optical-mechanical unit comprises:

[0012] An image generation component, composed of a micro display, is used to receive an anti-distortion image signal provided by an external display driving circuit and display an image;

[0013] The catadioptric projection optical component adopts a coaxial optical path and is composed of 4 groups of 5 lenses, including a cemented lens and three aspherical mirrors. The aspherical surfaces are all even-order aspherical surfaces on a glass substrate. The image generated by the micro-image source component is collimated, amplified and relayed through the lens group and projected onto the optical display mask;

[0014] Heat dissipation and image distance adjustment components are used to fix the micro image source, provide heat dissipation for the micro high-brightness display image source, and also provide image distance adjustment function for the entire optical system;

[0015] The optical component lens barrel is used to fix the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment components and the lenses of each level of the catadioptric projection optical component, and provides a fixed installation interface with the optical machine AA adjustment bracket.

[0016] The microdisplay receives external electrical signals, generates image signals after anti-distortion processing, and transmits them to the off-axis reflective projection optical system; the image optical signal is reflected and refracted multiple times by the off-axis reflective optical element, and finally forms a visible virtual image; the relationship between the optomechanical module and the optical display mask is adjusted through the optomechanical adjustment bracket, and finally the system indicators such as field of view angle, virtual image distance, eye box, etc. are achieved, realizing a three-dimensional binocular combined image display effect.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the image generation component is fixed on the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component through a slot structure.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component is fixed to the optical machine lens barrel through an adjustable stroke screw, and the distance between the image generation component and the catadioptric projection optical component in the optical machine unit is adjusted by adjusting the fastening length of the adjustable stroke screw.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the lenses of the lens group are sequentially adjusted and fixed in the lens barrel of the coaxial optical-mechanical assembly according to the functions of each level of the optical path design; the glued lens includes a glued upper lens and a glued lower lens, which are processed with the same material and combined into an integrated structure for correcting system chromatic aberration; the aspherical mirror and the optical display mask are used to correct complex off-axis aberrations so that a clear virtual image is obtained at the exit pupil at a specified distance.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the image generating component receives an external electrical signal, generates an image signal after anti-distortion processing, and the image light signal passes through an aspheric lens, a cemented lens and two aspheric lenses in sequence, and is reflected by an optical display mask, and finally forms a virtual image of a specified distance and size in the human eye.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the optical display mask adopts a double-layer coating design, with a reflective film coated on the inner surface and an absorbing film coated on the outer surface.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the optical-mechanical AA adjustment bracket is divided into two symmetrical left and right parts, and a single part is composed of a helmet main body connecting mechanism, a mask fixing and rotation structure, and an optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure, wherein the helmet main body connecting structure is mainly used to install the mask fixing and rotation structure and the optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure, and at the same time provide an installation interface integrated on the helmet; the mask fixing and rotation structure fixes the optical display mask on the upper helmet main body connecting structure, and realizes the flip gear adjustment function of the optical display mask; the optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure uses the helmet main body connecting mechanism as the installation reference, and is used to adjust and fix the posture of the left and right optical machines relative to the optical display mask. It is a two-section cantilever structure, and each section of the cantilever structure provides a position adjustment pair and a rotation motion pair, so as to realize the optical structure fine-tuning space in two directions perpendicular and parallel to the display plane of the optical-mechanical structure.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] 1. Large field of view display: Through the design of coaxial optical machine + free-form surface reflector and cross-arranged off-axis reflection dual optical path system, a larger field of view and higher eye brightness can be achieved than other traditional optical solutions;

[0025] 2. Small size and light weight: Through the streamlined design of multiple high-precision reflectors and semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirrors, aberrations are reduced, image quality is improved, and the total volume and weight of the display system are reduced;

[0026] 3. Integrated design of optical display and protection: The optical system adopts a semi-transparent and semi-reflective free-form optical mask as the optical display surface, integrating the functions of display, protection and airflow prevention, solving the problem of optical display demand of transmissive augmented reality and structural compatibility with physiological protection helmets in high-speed environments.

[0027] 4. Integrated design of image adjustment and installation: To solve the installation problem of off-axis reflection optical-mechanical system, a multi-axis linkage optical-mechanical adjustment bracket is adopted to cooperate with the optical-mechanical module and optical mask to realize fast and high-precision adjustment and installation.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the optical-mechanical system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical-mechanical system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical-mechanical unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of the relay optical lens assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the near-eye display optical-mechanical system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the optical display mask of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an optical adjustment bracket of an optical-mechanical system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the integrated state of the present invention in the physiological protection helmet.

[0037] The reference numerals in the figure are: left optical machine unit 201A, right optical machine unit 201B, optical display mask 202, optical machine AA adjustment bracket 203, image generation component 301, catadioptric projection optical component 302, heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component 303, optical component lens barrel 304, adjustable stroke screw 305, aspherical mirror (401, 402, 405), glued upper mirror 403, glued lower mirror 404, reflective film 601, plated absorption film 602, helmet main body connection mechanism 701, mask fixing and rotation structure 702, optical machine posture adjustment structure 703. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] See attached Figure 1-8 The present invention provides an off-axis reflection binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets, which adopts an optical solution of aspherical off-axis reflection and is mainly composed of three parts: an optical-mechanical module, an optical-mechanical adjustment bracket, and an optical display mask.

[0040] In the following embodiments, Embodiment 1 is the composition of each module in the system and the specific implementation case configuration, and Embodiment 2 is the specific implementation method of the system in a specific application scenario.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] (1) Examples of the present invention are as follows Figure 1 As shown in the system block diagram, in order to realize the binocular near-eye display projection function of the catadioptric optical system, the solution includes a left optical unit 201A, a right optical unit 201B, an optical display mask 202, and an optical AA adjustment bracket 203 for adjusting and curing the optical structure of the optical module and the optical mask. Among them, the left optical unit 201A and the right optical unit 201B are left-right symmetrical optical modules.

[0043] (2) Figure 2 As shown, the left optical-mechanical unit 201A and the right optical-mechanical unit 202B of the optical-mechanical module adopt a left-right crossed off-axis optical system layout, that is, the image obtained by the left eye corresponds to the right optical-mechanical unit, and the right eye image corresponds to the left optical-mechanical unit. The spatial position and rotation of the optical-mechanical units are used to compensate for the aberration introduced by the free-form surface optical display mask 202.

[0044] (3) Figure 3 As shown, a single optical-mechanical unit includes an image generation component 301, a catadioptric projection optical component 302, a heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component 303, and an optical component lens barrel 304. The image generation component 301 is a miniature high-brightness and high-resolution display. The image generation component 301 receives the electrical signal of the display driving circuit through the electrical interface to display the image. The catadioptric projection optical component 302 is a small optical imaging system, which receives the image generated by the image generation component 301 for collimation, amplification and relay, and projects it onto the optical display visor 202 for image display.

[0045] (4) Figure 3As shown, the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component 303 is a heat-conducting structural component made of lightweight magnesium-aluminum alloy material, which mainly plays the role of heat dissipation, fixation and image distance adjustment for the high-brightness image source. The image generation component 301 is fixed on the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component 303 through a slot structure. The lenses of the catadioptric projection optical component 302 are sequentially adjusted and fixed in the coaxial optical-mechanical component barrel 304 according to the various functions of the optical path design.

[0046] (5) The heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component 303 is fixed to the optical machine lens barrel 304 by an adjustable stroke screw 305. By adjusting the tightening length of the adjustable stroke screw, the distance (imaging object distance) between the image generation component 301 and the catadioptric projection optical component 302 in the optical machine unit is adjusted to reduce the focal length error occurring during the optical lens processing, coating, and lens barrel assembly, thereby achieving the later adjustment of the virtual image distance of the AR display.

[0047] (6) Figure 4 As shown, the relay lens group adopts a coaxial optical path and is composed of 4 groups of 5 lenses, including a cemented lens and three aspherical mirrors 401, 402, and 405. The aspherical mirrors are all even-order aspherical surfaces of glass substrates. The cemented lens includes a cemented upper mirror 403 and a cemented lower mirror 404 structure, which are processed with the same material and combined into an integrated structure for correcting system chromatic aberration. The aspherical mirrors 401, 402, 405 and the optical display mask 202 are used to correct complex off-axis aberrations so that a clear virtual image at a specified distance is obtained at the exit pupil.

[0048] (7) Figure 5 As shown in the optical path diagram, the image generation component 301 receives an external electrical signal and generates an image signal after anti-distortion processing. The image light signal passes through the aspheric lens 405, the cemented lens and the aspheric lenses 402 and 401 in sequence, and is reflected by the optical display mask 202, and finally forms a virtual image of a specified distance and size in the human eye.

[0049] (8) Figure 6 As shown, the optical display visor 202 is used as an optical display surface for reflective imaging, and the free-form surface of the surface is specifically a Zernike polynomial surface. In order to provide the helmet user with a clear and bright enhanced display image, and to be able to superimpose it on the real exterior scene to achieve a semi-reflective and semi-transparent effect, the optical display visor 202 adopts a double-layer coating design, with a reflective film 601 coated on the inner surface and an absorbing film 602 coated on the outer surface, respectively, to achieve a reflective virtual image optical display and a strong light eye protection function.

[0050] (10) Figure 7As shown, the optical-mechanical AA adjustment bracket 203 is mainly used to fine-tune and solidify the optical position relationship between the optical-mechanical unit and the optical display mask, so as to achieve a better enhanced display effect. The optical-mechanical AA adjustment bracket 203 is divided into two symmetrical parts, each of which is composed of a helmet main body connection mechanism 701, a mask fixing and rotating structure 702, and an optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure 703. Among them, the helmet main body connection structure 701 is mainly used to install the mask fixing and rotating structure 702 and the optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure 703, and provides an integrated installation interface on the helmet; the mask fixing and rotating structure 702 fixes the optical display mask 203 on the upper helmet main body connection structure 701, and realizes the flip gear adjustment function of the optical display mask 203. The optomechanical posture adjustment structure 703 uses the helmet main body connection mechanism 701 as the installation reference, and is used to adjust and fix the posture of the left and right optomechanical devices relative to the optical display mask. It is a two-section cantilever structure, and each section of the cantilever structure provides a position adjustment pair and a rotational motion pair to achieve optical structure fine-tuning space in two directions, perpendicular and parallel to the display plane.

[0051] (9) The optical display visor 202 and the left optical machine unit 201A and the right optical machine unit 201B are mounted on a dedicated AA mounting device. Based on the measurement feedback of optical indicators, the installation of the optical machine posture adjustment structure 703 is adjusted to achieve the combined mounting of the left and right optical machines, thereby forming an optical machine system that is consistent with the optical design optical path.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] The specific integrated style of the physiological protection helmet of the present invention is as shown in the attached Figure 8 As shown, the specific implementation scheme is as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Integrate the hardware configuration and system status of Example 1 on the helmet. The specific configuration style is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the optical display mask 202, with the optically designed eye position as the origin, is connected to the main connecting mechanism 701 on the optical machine AA adjustment bracket 203 through the mask fixing and rotating structure 702, and is fixed on the physiological protection helmet as an optical installation reference. The left optical machine display unit 201A and the right optical machine display unit 202B are connected and fixed to the optical machine posture adjustment structure 703 after optical calibration through the mounting screw holes and positioning holes. The optical display mask can be flipped up and down and fixed through the fixing and rotating structure 702.

[0055] Step 2: The left and right optical image sources are connected to the display drive circuit of the augmented reality display helmet through an electrical connector, and the image generation component 301 receives the anti-distortion image signal, control signal and power signal provided by the display drive circuit to display the image. The displayed image is collimated, amplified and relayed by the catadioptric projection optical component 302, and finally projected onto the optical display mask 202 for display;

[0056] Step 3: The driving operator puts on the augmented reality display helmet, adjusts the display parameters appropriately according to the combined image and three-dimensional registration image provided on the mask, and calibrates the helmet display.

[0057] Step 4: The pilot uses his left and right eyes to combine the reflected image on the mask after binocular parallax calculation and the external visual image transmitted by external optics, and finally forms a three-dimensional image information with virtual and real fusion on the retina. The information content includes system status information of the aircraft or ground vehicle and enhanced prompt information.

[0058] The present invention provides an off-axis reflection binocular near-eye display optical system for high-speed protective helmets, which adopts an optical solution of off-axis reflection of aspheric surfaces, and is mainly composed of an optical module, an optical AA adjustment bracket, and an optical display mask. The optical module is composed of two left and right optical units to realize the binocular projection function. Each optical unit includes an image generation component, a catadioptric projection optical component, a heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component, and an optical component lens barrel. The catadioptric projection optical component adopts a coaxial optical path and is composed of 4 groups of 5 lenses, including a cemented lens and three aspheric mirrors, and the aspheric surface types are all even aspheric surfaces of a glass substrate. The image generated by the micro-image source component is collimated, amplified and relayed by the lens group, and projected onto the optical display helmet. The optical AA adjustment bracket is mainly used to adjust and solidify the optical structure of the optical module and the optical mask, so that the optical display system meets the design indicators. The optical display mask adopts a free-form surface as the optical surface, and as the final optical device, it is used for reflection imaging, and reflects the image onto the user's retina for display imaging. In order to provide helmet users with clear and bright enhanced display images and superimpose them on the real outside scene to achieve a semi-reflective and semi-transparent effect, the optical display helmet adopts a double-layer coating design, with a reflective film on the inner surface and an absorptive film on the outer surface, to achieve reflected virtual image optical display and strong light eye protection function.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides an off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets. Through all the system architectures, design principles, system structure diagrams and application examples in the attached drawings, the new coaxial optical path is organically combined with a large aspheric display mask and an optical adjustment bracket to form an off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed flight or ground driving environments, which effectively solves the optical display requirements of large field of view, long exit pupil distance, color high definition, high brightness display, small size and the structural compatibility with physiological protection helmets.

[0060] So far, the purpose of the present invention has been achieved.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets, characterized in that: Adopt off-axis reflective optical solution, including: The optical-mechanical module consists of two optical-mechanical units, left and right, to achieve binocular projection function; The optical display mask uses a free-form surface as an optical surface and serves as a final optical device for reflective imaging, reflecting the image onto the user's retina for display imaging; The optomechanical AA adjustment bracket is used to adjust and solidify the optical structure of the optomechanical module and the optical display mask, so that the optical display system meets the design indicators and provides an installation interface with the helmet structure.

2. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left optical unit and the right optical unit of the optical module adopt a left-right crossed off-axis optical system layout, that is, the image obtained by the left eye corresponds to the right optical unit, and the image of the right eye corresponds to the left optical unit. The spatial position and rotation of the optical unit are used to compensate for the aberration introduced by the free-form surface optical display mask.

3. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical unit comprises: An image generation component, composed of a micro display, is used to receive an anti-distortion image signal provided by an external display driving circuit and display an image; The catadioptric projection optical component adopts a coaxial optical path and is composed of 4 groups of 5 lenses, including a cemented lens and three aspherical mirrors. The aspherical surfaces are all even-order aspherical surfaces on a glass substrate. The image generated by the micro-image source component is collimated, amplified and relayed through the lens group and projected onto the optical display mask; Heat dissipation and image distance adjustment components are used to fix the micro image source, provide heat dissipation for the micro high-brightness display image source, and also provide image distance adjustment function for the entire optical system; The optical component lens barrel is used to fix the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment components and the lenses of each level of the catadioptric projection optical component, and provides a fixed installation interface with the optical machine AA adjustment bracket.

4. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The image generation component is fixed on the heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component through a card slot structure.

5. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat dissipation and image distance adjustment component is fixed to the optical machine lens barrel through an adjustable stroke screw. By adjusting the fastening length of the adjustable stroke screw, the distance between the image generation component and the catadioptric projection optical component in the optical machine unit is adjusted.

6. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lenses of the lens group are sequentially adjusted and fixed in the lens barrel of the coaxial optical-mechanical assembly according to the functions of each level of the optical path design. The glued lens includes a glued upper lens and a glued lower lens, which are processed with the same material and combined into an integrated structure for correcting system chromatic aberration; the aspherical mirror and the optical display mask are used to correct complex off-axis aberrations so that a clear virtual image is obtained at the exit pupil at a specified distance.

7. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The image generating component receives an external electrical signal and generates an image signal after anti-distortion processing. The image light signal passes through an aspheric lens, a cemented lens and two aspheric lenses in sequence, and is reflected by an optical display mask, and finally forms a virtual image of a specified distance and size in the human eye.

8. The off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optical display mask adopts a double-layer coating design, with a reflective film coated on the inner surface and an absorbing film coated on the outer surface.

9. An off-axis reflective binocular near-eye display optical-mechanical system for high-speed protective helmets according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The optical-mechanical AA adjustment bracket is divided into two symmetrical parts, left and right, and a single part is composed of a helmet main body connection mechanism, a mask fixing and rotation structure, and an optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure. Among them, the helmet main body connection structure is mainly used to install the mask fixing and rotation structure and the optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure, and at the same time provides an integrated installation interface on the helmet; the mask fixing and rotation structure fixes the optical display mask on the upper helmet main body connection structure, and realizes the flip gear adjustment function of the optical display mask; the optical-mechanical posture adjustment structure uses the helmet main body connection mechanism as the installation reference, and is used to adjust and fix the posture of the left and right optical machines relative to the optical display mask. It is a two-section cantilever structure, and each section of the cantilever structure provides a position adjustment pair and a rotation motion pair to realize the optical structure fine-tuning space in two directions of perpendicular and parallel directions of the optical-mechanical structure relative to the display plane.

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