Radome and radome system

Abstract

The application provides an antenna cover and an antenna cover system. The antenna cover comprises a plurality of panel assemblies, each of which comprises a plurality of RIS units. The plurality of panel assemblies are sequentially connected into the antenna cover through a connecting piece. The antenna cover is used for covering an antenna. The RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected. The parameters of the RIS units are adjustable, so as to control the signals received or transmitted by the antenna. The embodiments of the application intelligently control the signals transmitted or received by the antenna in the antenna cover, thereby improving the performance of the antenna in the antenna cover.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna cover and an antenna cover system. BACKGROUND

[0002] An antenna cover is an external cover used for decorating and hiding an antenna. In many cases, the antenna itself can look bulky or not beautiful enough, so such a cover is designed to cover or improve the appearance of the antenna. Traditional antenna covers are usually made of plastic, metal or other durable materials, and have different shapes, which can be selected according to different shapes, colors and sizes. However, the existing antenna cover, although it realizes the combination of beauty and certain strength through the multi-layer composite design of materials such as plastic, metal or glass fiber, the inherent electromagnetic properties of these materials often lead to a shielding effect on the antenna signal, combined with the signal reflection caused by the shape of the cover, which seriously restricts the transmission and reception efficiency of the antenna, thereby affecting the performance of the antenna in the antenna cover. SUMMARY

[0003] The antenna cover and the antenna cover system provided by the present application can intelligently regulate and control the signals transmitted or received by the antenna in the antenna cover, thereby improving the performance of the antenna in the antenna cover.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna cover, which comprises:

[0005] A plurality of panel assemblies, each of which comprises a plurality of RIS units, and the plurality of panel assemblies are sequentially connected into an antenna cover through a connecting piece; the antenna cover is used for covering an antenna, the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected, and the parameters of the RIS units are adjustable to regulate and control the signals received or transmitted by the antenna.

[0006] In some embodiments, the antenna cover further comprises a controller arranged on the panel assembly, and the controller is used for adjusting the parameters of the RIS units according to the received control instructions to regulate and control the signals received or transmitted by the antenna.

[0007] In some embodiments, the panel assembly comprises a first shell layer, a second shell layer and an RIS panel layer arranged between the first shell layer and the second shell layer, and the plurality of RIS units are arranged on the RIS panel layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the RIS units on each RIS panel layer are arranged in an array.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second shell layer is located on the inner side of the radome, and the RIS units are embedded in the RIS panel layer, and the surfaces of the RIS units are exposed to the second shell layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, each RIS panel layer comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, and a control circuit board sandwiched between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, the control circuit board being electrically connected to each RIS unit on the same RIS panel layer for receiving instructions from a controller to adjust the parameters of the RIS units.

[0011] In some embodiments, the RIS unit comprises a first metal sheet, a second metal sheet, an insulating rod, and a dielectric plate sandwiched between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, the insulating rod penetrating the dielectric plate to connect the first metal sheet and the first metal sheet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first metal sheet comprises two first and second sub-metal sheets arranged symmetrically and spaced apart, the first sub-metal sheet being configured to receive signals, and the second sub-metal sheet being configured to transmit signals.

[0013] The second metal sheet comprises two third and fourth sub-metal sheets arranged symmetrically and spaced apart, the third sub-metal sheet being configured to transmit signals, and the fourth sub-metal sheet being configured to receive signals.

[0014] The first metal sheet, the second metal sheet, and the dielectric plate are connected by a hollow insulating rod, the first and second sub-metal sheets wrap the hollow insulating rod, and the third and fourth sub-metal sheets wrap the hollow insulating rod; wherein the hollow insulating rod is configured to conduct the first and third sub-metal sheets, and conduct the second and fourth sub-metal sheets.

[0015] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna radome system, comprising the antenna radome of any one of the first aspect, a data acquisition module, and an analysis processing module.

[0016] The data acquisition module is in communication connection with the antenna radome and the analysis processing module, respectively, and is configured to acquire current panel parameters of each panel assembly and real-time signal indicators of a service area corresponding to the antenna.

[0017] The analysis processing module is configured to generate a control instruction according to the current panel parameters and the real-time signal indicators, the control instruction being configured to adjust the parameters of the RIS units to regulate the signals received or transmitted by the antenna.

[0018] In some embodiments, the data acquisition module comprises a front-end connection module, which is in communication connection with the radome and the analysis processing module respectively, and is configured to acquire the current panel parameter.

[0019] In some embodiments, the data acquisition module further comprises a first acquisition module and a second acquisition module, which are in communication connection with the analysis processing module respectively;

[0020] The first acquisition module is configured to acquire interference information, measurement report (MR) data and minimization of drive test (MDT) data of a service area corresponding to the antenna.

[0021] The second acquisition module is configured to acquire over-the-top (OTT) data.

[0022] In some embodiments, the interference information comprises uplink interference intensity of a frequency band of the service area corresponding to the antenna.

[0023] The analysis processing module is further configured to determine average uplink interference level of upper and lower boundaries of a frequency segment where a carrier of the service area corresponding to the antenna is located, according to the uplink interference intensity, and determine a permitted transmission frequency segment when the average uplink interference level is greater than a preset uplink interference level threshold, the permitted transmission frequency segment indicating a carrier frequency segment that the panel assembly is permitted to transmit.

[0024] In some embodiments, the analysis processing module is further configured to determine a plurality of target grids corresponding to the service area and a grid type corresponding to each target grid, according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data.

[0025] The analysis processing module is further configured to generate the control instruction according to the grid type corresponding to each target grid.

[0026] In some embodiments, the determination of the grid type corresponding to each target grid according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data comprises:

[0027] determination of average signal intensity between the plurality of target grids, grid weak coverage ratio between the plurality of target grids, distance between each target grid and the antenna, average signal-to-noise ratio between the plurality of target grids, and total sampling point number corresponding to all target grids, according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data.

[0028] determining that the first grid is of a weak coverage grid type in a case where the average signal strength is less than a first preset threshold, the weak coverage proportion is greater than a second preset threshold, the total sampling point number is greater than a third preset threshold, and a first distance between the first grid and the antenna is less than a fourth preset threshold;

[0029] determining that the first grid is of a poor quality grid type in a case where the average signal strength is greater than the first preset threshold, the weak coverage proportion is less than the second preset threshold, the total sampling point number is greater than the third preset threshold, an average signal-to-noise ratio is less than a fifth preset threshold, and the first distance is less than the fourth preset threshold;

[0030] determining that the first grid is of an over-coverage grid type in a case where the total sampling point number is greater than the third preset threshold, and the first distance is greater than the fourth preset threshold.

[0031] In some embodiments, the generating the control instruction according to the grid type of each target grid comprises:

[0032] generating a first instruction to make the signal strength of the target grid increase by a first preset strength in a case where the grid type of the target grid is the weak coverage grid type;

[0033] generating a second instruction to make the signal strength of the target grid increase by a second preset strength in a case where the grid type of the target grid is the poor quality grid type, the second preset strength being less than the first preset strength;

[0034] generating a third instruction to make the signal strength of the target grid attenuate by a third preset strength in a case where the grid type of the target grid is the over-coverage grid type, the third preset strength being less than the first preset strength.

[0035] In the antenna cover and antenna cover system provided by the embodiment of the application, the antenna cover comprises a plurality of panel assemblies, each of the panel assemblies comprises a plurality of RIS units, and the plurality of panel assemblies are sequentially connected into the antenna cover through connectors; the antenna cover is used for covering an antenna, the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected, and the parameters of the RIS units are adjustable to regulate signals received or emitted by the antenna. Thus, the RIS units in each panel assembly have the characteristic of adjustable parameters, which means that they can dynamically adjust their electromagnetic properties according to actual needs, thereby accurately regulating signals received or emitted by the antenna. Further, the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected, so that the working states of the RIS units can be cooperatively adjusted, thereby enabling intelligent regulation of signals emitted or received by the antenna in the antenna cover, and improving the performance of the antenna in the antenna cover. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the application will be briefly introduced. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna cover provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional view of A-A in FIG. 8;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a panel assembly provided by another embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an RIS unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a panel assembly provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0042] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna cover system provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0043] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna cover system provided by another embodiment of the application.

[0044] Legend of the drawings:

[0045] 100, antenna cover; 1, panel assembly; 11, RIS unit; 111, first metal sheet; 111a, first sub-metal sheet; 111b, second sub-metal sheet; 112, second metal sheet; 113, dielectric plate; 12, first shell layer; 13, second shell layer; 14, RIS panel layer; 2, connecting piece; 3, controller; 31, power supply and data transmission interface; 4, antenna; 101, front end connecting module; 102, data acquisition module; 102a, first acquisition module; 102b, second acquisition module; 103, analysis processing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in details below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The detailed description and drawings of the following embodiments are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present application, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application, i.e., the present application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is more than two; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable range of error.

[0048] In the present application, the phrase "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0049] The orientation words appearing in the following description are the directions shown in the drawings, and are not a limitation on the specific structure of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] An antenna cover is an external cover used to decorate and hide antennas. In many cases, the antenna itself may look bulky or not beautiful enough, so such a cover is designed to cover or improve the appearance of the antenna. Such a cover is usually made of plastic, metal or other durable materials, and has different shapes, colors and sizes according to needs. The antenna cover not only makes the antenna more beautiful, but also provides additional protection to make the antenna more durable. Currently, the materials used for antenna covers are mainly plastic, metal or glass fiber reinforced plastic, etc., which are usually simple in process and high in strength, and are widely used in communication networks.

[0051] The existing antenna cover scheme adopts a multi-layer composite structure design, which ensures that the dielectric constant of the antenna cover plate is low and the wave transmission rate is high. However, the antenna cover device formed by the existing material still has the shielding characteristic for the emission and reception of the antenna, and the shape of the antenna cover also causes the reflection of the signal, further affecting the performance of the antenna.

[0052] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna cover. First, the antenna cover provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the antenna cover provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna cover 100, which comprises:

[0055] A plurality of panel assemblies 1, each of which comprises a plurality of RIS units 11, and a plurality of panel assemblies 1 are sequentially connected into an antenna cover 100 through a connecting piece 2; the antenna cover 100 is used to cover an antenna 4, and the RIS units 11 in different panel assemblies 1 are electrically connected; the parameters of the RIS units 11 are adjustable to regulate and control the signals received or emitted by the antenna 4.

[0056] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the panel assembly 1 can be made of a smart metasurface (Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface, RIS) material, where the RIS is a two-dimensional implementation of electromagnetic metamaterials, actively and intelligently controls the spatial electromagnetic waves in a programmable manner, and forms an electromagnetic environment with controllable amplitude, phase, polarization and frequency. Due to the design concept of using a small number of active devices or even all passive devices, and the use of metamaterials and splicable deployment methods, the smart metasurface has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, low complexity and easy deployment, and has the potential for deployment of future networks. It is a key technology for 5G advanced / 6G and future communications. The smart metasurface uses programmable new sub-wavelength two-dimensional metamaterials to actively and intelligently control electromagnetic waves through digital coding, enabling controllable reflection and transmission of communication signals, and is suitable for signal improvement in outdoor coverage blind areas and poor coverage areas. Thus, the characteristics of the smart metasurface can be used to solve the signal shielding and reflection problems of the existing radome, and based on the active and intelligent control capability of the RIS, the signal strength and quality of the antenna 4 can be intelligently improved.

[0057] Optionally, the panel assembly 1 can be designed as a flat or curved surface to meet the needs of different application scenarios. The panel assembly 1 is covered with tiny, programmable RIS units 11 that can adjust their parameters, i.e. electromagnetic properties such as reflection phase, amplitude or polarization mode, according to control instructions. This design enables the panel assembly 1 to precisely control the incident electromagnetic waves like a smart mirror, reshaping the electromagnetic wave propagation path.

[0058] Optionally, the RIS units 11 can be designed as flat and thin shapes to closely fit on the panel assembly 1 of the radome 100. This design not only helps to maintain the overall structural strength of the radome 100, but also ensures that the RIS units 11 can be evenly distributed on the surface of the radome 100, thereby achieving comprehensive coverage and control of signals. In actual applications, the RIS units 11 can be firmly set on the panel assembly 1 through embedding, pasting or welding, etc. to ensure their stability and reliability during use.

[0059] Optionally, the core role of the RIS units 11 lies in their reconfigurability and intelligence. By adjusting the internal physical or electrical parameters, the RIS units 11 can dynamically change the parameters of their electromagnetic properties, thereby realizing the control of the received or transmitted signals of the antenna 4. This control capability enables the radome 100 to flexibly adjust the transmission direction, strength, frequency and other key parameters of the signal according to the needs of the actual application scenario, thereby optimizing the communication performance.

[0060] Specifically, the RIS unit 11 can achieve signal regulation in the following ways:

[0061] Change the transmission direction of the signal: by adjusting the phase response of the RIS unit 11, the signal can be guided to transmit in a specific direction, thereby improving the directionality and efficiency of communication.

[0062] Adjust the intensity of the signal: by adjusting the gain or attenuation characteristics of the RIS unit 11, precise control of the signal intensity can be achieved to meet the needs of signal intensity at different distances and environments.

[0063] Optimize the frequency characteristics of the signal: by adjusting the filtering characteristics of the RIS unit 11, the signal frequency can be filtered and optimized, thereby improving the anti-interference ability and spectrum utilization efficiency of communication.

[0064] Optionally, the panel assembly 1 can be independently arranged around the antenna 4 through a specific support or frame. Each panel assembly 1 can form good electromagnetic coupling with the antenna 4, ensuring effective regulation of the electromagnetic waves received and transmitted by the antenna 4.

[0065] Optionally, the installation process of the panel assembly 1 involves sequentially connecting multiple panel assemblies 1 through connecting members 2 (such as metal frames, flexible cables, etc.) into a closed structure, and ensuring good circuit connection between the panel assemblies 1. This modular design makes it easier to install, maintain and upgrade the panel assembly 1. At the same time, in order to be aesthetically pleasing and protective, the panel assembly 1 can be covered with a layer of transparent or specially colored material to better integrate into the surrounding environment.

[0066] Optionally, the connecting member 2, as a key component connecting multiple panel assemblies 1, needs to consider structural strength, electrical performance and flexibility in design. The connecting member 2 can be made of metal or alloy materials, with good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. The design of the connecting member 2 is diverse, such as pin type, slot type or threaded connection, aiming to ensure that the panel assemblies 1 can be tightly and stably connected together and form a closed structure. At the same time, the connecting member 2 can also integrate circuit connection functions inside, allowing current or control signals to flow freely between the panel assemblies 1, realizing the coordinated work of the entire system.

[0067] Optionally, during the installation of the connecting pieces 2 and the panel assemblies 1, the type and number of the connecting pieces 2 are first determined according to the design requirements of the radome 100 and the size, shape, etc. of the panel assemblies 1. Then, holes or mounting seats are punched or arranged at predetermined positions of the panel assemblies 1 to fix the connecting pieces 2 to the panel assemblies 1. Next, through accurate alignment and fastening operations, the panel assemblies 1 are sequentially connected through the connecting pieces 2 to form a closed surrounding structure. During this process, it is necessary to ensure that each connection point is firm and reliable, and the circuit connection is correct, to ensure the stability and performance of the entire system.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, the radome includes a plurality of panel assemblies, each of which includes a plurality of RIS units, and the plurality of panel assemblies are sequentially connected into a radome through connecting pieces; the radome is used to cover an antenna, and the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected; the parameters of the RIS units are adjustable to regulate the signals received or transmitted by the antenna. Thus, the RIS units in each panel assembly have the characteristic of adjustable parameters, which means that they can dynamically adjust their electromagnetic properties according to actual needs, thereby accurately regulating the signals received or transmitted by the antenna. Further, the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected, so that the working states of each RIS unit can be adjusted cooperatively, thereby enabling intelligent regulation of the signals transmitted or received by the antenna in the radome, and improving the performance of the antenna in the radome.

[0069] In an embodiment, the radome further includes a controller 3 arranged on the panel assembly 1, and the controller 3 is used to adjust the parameters of the RIS units 11 according to the received control instructions to regulate the signals received or transmitted by the antenna 4.

[0070] Through the control instructions received by the controller 3 (these instructions are generated based on the real-time signal indicators of the corresponding service area of the antenna 4), the RIS units 11 can adjust their electromagnetic properties in real time to achieve accurate control of the electromagnetic waves of the signals received or transmitted by the antenna 4. Such control includes but is not limited to selecting the transmission frequency band of electromagnetic waves, enhancing or attenuating the signal strength in a certain frequency band, etc. Through these operations, the RIS units 11 can effectively reduce signal shielding and reflection interference, improve the signal reception and transmission efficiency of the antenna 4, and thus optimize the performance of the entire wireless communication system.

[0071] Optionally, the controller 3 is responsible for receiving real-time signal indicator data from external or internal sensors, such as signal strength monitors, spectrum analyzers, etc. These data reflect the communication environment conditions of the corresponding service area of the antenna 4, such as signal strength, interference level, frequency band occupation, etc. Based on these data, the controller 3 can generate corresponding control instructions and send them to each RIS unit 11 through internal circuits or wireless means. These control instructions aim to adjust the electromagnetic parameters of the RIS unit 11, such as reflection phase, amplitude or polarization state, so as to realize intelligent regulation of electromagnetic wave propagation path and characteristics.

[0072] Specifically, precise control of signal transmission direction can be achieved by changing the phase response of the RIS unit 11. The adjustment of the phase parameter depends on the phase adjuster or phase shifter inside the RIS unit 11.

[0073] By adjusting the gain or attenuation characteristics of the RIS unit 11, flexible control of signal strength can be achieved. This involves adjusting the amplifier or attenuator inside the RIS unit 11.

[0074] By adjusting the filtering characteristics of the RIS unit 11, optimization of signal frequency can be achieved. This depends on the filter design inside the RIS unit 11.

[0075] Optionally, the controller 3 can be designed as a compact and efficient electronic device, which can be flexibly placed at a specific position of the panel assembly 1, such as the edge, back or integrated circuit board of the panel assembly 1. In order to ensure good communication and data transmission between the controller 3 and the panel assembly 1, they are connected through high-speed interfaces or dedicated communication protocols. During installation, factors such as heat dissipation, protection and easy maintenance of the controller 3 are considered to ensure its stable and reliable operation in harsh outdoor environments.

[0076] In the radome 100, the controller 3 serves as the core of intelligent regulation, which realizes precise regulation of multiple RIS units 11 by receiving real-time signal indicator data and generating control instructions, and collectively regulates the signals received or transmitted by the antenna 4.

[0077] In these optional embodiments, the controller 3 is placed on the panel assembly 1 and can adjust the parameters of the RIS unit 11 according to the received control instructions, realizing intelligent and dynamic regulation of the signals received or transmitted by the antenna 4. Through centralized control, the electromagnetic characteristics of the RIS unit 11 can be adjusted in real time according to environmental changes and communication needs, optimizing parameters such as signal transmission direction, strength and frequency, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of communication.

[0078] In an embodiment, the connecting piece 2 comprises a protruding structure and a recess structure arranged in pairs, and a plurality of panel assemblies 1 are sequentially connected in a closed structure through the protruding structure and the recess structure.

[0079] Optionally, to improve the stability of the connection between the panel assemblies 1, at least two special-shaped slot connecting pieces 2, such as the protruding structure of "T", are arranged on the connecting surface of each panel assembly 1, and the other side is arranged with the corresponding recess structure. All panel assemblies 1 are arranged and connected in sequence from the special-shaped protruding structure to the special-shaped recess structure, thereby forming an integrated structure.

[0080] Optionally, the special-shaped slot connecting piece 2 not only realizes the structural fixation, but also provides the circuit connection between the panel assemblies 1.

[0081] Optionally, the protruding structure is the part of the connecting piece 2 that protrudes outward, and its shape is various, such as cylindrical, rectangular or wedge-shaped, and the specific shape can be determined according to the connection requirements and structural characteristics of the panel assembly 1. The surface of the protruding structure can be precisely processed to ensure that it can be tightly matched with the recess structure, reduce the gap, and improve the stability and sealing of the connection. In terms of material selection, the protruding structure is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal or alloy materials to withstand the tension and shear force between the panel assemblies 1 and ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0082] Optionally, corresponding to the protruding structure, the recess structure is the part of the connecting piece 2 that is recessed inward, and its shape is matched with the protruding structure so that the two can be embedded with each other. The depth and width of the recess structure need to be accurately controlled to ensure that the protruding structure can be completely embedded therein to form a stable connection. The inner wall of the recess structure is also finely processed to reduce friction and wear and improve the service life of the connecting piece 2. In addition, the recess structure can also be designed with positioning holes, locking devices and other auxiliary structures to further enhance the stability and safety of the connection.

[0083] Optionally, when connecting a plurality of panel assemblies 1, the connecting piece 2 is first installed on the edge or designated position of each panel assembly 1, and the position and orientation of the protruding structure and the recess structure are ensured to be correct. Then, the protruding structure and the recess structure of the adjacent two panel assemblies 1 are aligned and gently pushed and pressed so that they are embedded with each other. During the embedding process, a slight "click" sound or a certain resistance can be heard, which is the manifestation of the tight fit of the protruding structure and the recess structure. After the embedding is completed, it can be further checked whether the connection is firm and reliable, and if necessary, the locking device can be used for reinforcement. All panel assemblies 1 are connected in sequence according to this method, and finally a complete closed structure is formed.

[0084] In these optional embodiments, the main role of the protruding structure and the groove structure is to achieve precise docking and stable connection between multiple panel assemblies 1. Through their close fit, it can be ensured that the panel assemblies 1 maintain the correct relative position during assembly, avoiding misalignment or tilting. At the same time, this structural design can also effectively transfer the force and torque between the panel assemblies 1, so that the entire closed structure can maintain sufficient rigidity and stability when subjected to external loads. In addition, the protruding structure and the groove structure also have certain sealing performance, which can prevent rainwater, dust and other external factors from entering the inside of the panel assemblies 1, protecting the internal circuits and components from damage.

[0085] With reference to Figures 2-3 , Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 1; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a panel assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0086] In an embodiment, the panel assembly 1 includes a first shell layer 12, a second shell layer 13, and a RIS panel layer 14 sandwiched between the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13, and the plurality of RIS units 11 are arranged on the RIS panel layer 14.

[0087] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, each panel assembly 1 includes three layers, of which the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13 are low-penetration protective shells, such as polypropylene material, and the RIS panel layer 14 integrates the transmissive intelligent metasurface array RIS unit 11, which can further expand the coverage angle of the antenna 4.

[0088] Optionally, the RIS panel layer 14 is powered by the controller 3. To improve convenience, the controller 3 and the front-end connection module 101 can be connected through a network cable based on Power Over Ethernet (POE), or a power supply and data transmission interface 31 can be provided on the controller 3 for power supply and data transmission.

[0089] In other embodiments, the data transmission and power supply can also be separately arranged. To ensure the mechanical performance and electromagnetic environment reconstruction performance of the panel assembly 1, the wall thickness of the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13 is controlled within a certain range, such as 0.5mm-2mm, and the wall thickness of the RIS panel layer 14 also needs to be controlled within a certain range, such as 3mm-20mm.

[0090] Optionally, the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13 can be hard thin layer shells placed on the outer layer for isolation from the external environment.

[0091] In these optional embodiments, in the design of the radome 100, the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13 are introduced, and the RIS panel layer 14 is ingeniously sandwiched between the two shell layers, which greatly enhances the physical protection capability of the antenna 4 system. Through the isolation effect of the double-layer shell layer, the direct erosion of adverse factors such as wind sand, rain and snow, and ultraviolet rays in the external environment on the panel assembly 1 is effectively resisted, thereby prolonging the service life of the antenna 4 and ensuring the stability of the communication quality. Secondly, such a combined design also improves the strength and durability of the overall structure of the panel assembly 1. The double-layer shell layer serves as a support structure, providing additional mechanical support for the RIS panel layer 14, reducing the risk of deformation or damage caused by external forces. In addition, this structure also facilitates installation and maintenance. When the RIS panel layer 14 needs to be repaired or replaced, only the first shell layer 12 and the second shell layer 13 need to be disassembled, simplifying the operation process and reducing maintenance costs.

[0092] In combination with reference to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an RIS unit provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a panel assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0093] In an embodiment, the RIS unit array is arranged on each RIS panel layer 14.

[0094] In these optional embodiments, the RIS units 11 on each RIS panel layer 14 are arranged in an array. This arrangement means that the RIS units 11 are neatly arranged in a matrix or grid form according to certain rules. Such a design not only optimizes space utilization, enabling each RIS unit 11 to work efficiently, but also facilitates algorithm design for signal processing, as the array structure helps simplify complex operations such as signal beamforming, direction control, and interference suppression. By precisely controlling the reflection phase and amplitude of each RIS unit 11, the entire RIS panel layer 14 can dynamically adjust the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, enabling efficient transmission and reception of signals, thereby exhibiting great potential in improving communication efficiency, expanding coverage, enhancing signal quality and security.

[0095] In an embodiment, the second shell layer 13 is located on the inner side of the radome, and the RIS unit is embedded in the RIS panel layer 14, with the surface of the RIS unit exposed to the second shell layer 13.

[0096] In these optional embodiments, the second shell layer 13 is located on the inner side of the radome 100, i.e. close to the protected antenna 4. In such a layout, the RIS units 11 are not only embedded in the RIS panel layer 14, but their surfaces are also designed to be exposed outside the second shell layer 13. This design decision ensures that the RIS units 11 can directly interact with external electromagnetic waves without the need to pass through additional media or windows, thereby minimizing signal loss and interference.

[0097] At the same time, since the second shell layer 13 is located on the inner side, it can also provide protection for the RIS units 11 from environmental factors such as rain, dust or physical impact. This combination of internal and external design strategies not only ensures the safe and stable operation of the internal components of the radome 100, but also fully utilizes the advantages of RIS technology, providing a more flexible and intelligent signal management solution.

[0098] In an embodiment, each of the RIS panel layers 14 includes a first dielectric substrate (not shown in the figure), a second dielectric substrate (not shown in the figure), and a control circuit board (not shown in the figure) sandwiched between the first and second dielectric substrates, which is electrically connected to each of the RIS units on the same RIS panel layer 14 for receiving instructions from the controller to adjust the parameters of the RIS units.

[0099] Optionally, in the selection of the first and second dielectric substrates, materials with high dielectric constant and low loss characteristics can be used, which can effectively guide and manage the propagation of electromagnetic waves, reduce energy loss during transmission, and ensure uniform distribution of electromagnetic waves among the RIS units 11.

[0100] The control circuit board sandwiched between the two dielectric substrates is the nerve center of the entire RIS panel layer 14. The control circuit board integrates complex electronic circuits and microprocessor units, which work together to quickly respond to instructions from external controllers. The control circuit board ensures that control instructions can be accurately conveyed to each RIS unit 11. Each RIS unit 11, as a basic element of electromagnetic regulation, is embedded on the control circuit board through precise microfabrication processes and forms an electrical connection with the control circuit board. This connection method not only ensures efficient signal transmission, but also facilitates later maintenance and upgrades.

[0101] In these optional embodiments, the sandwiched layout of the double-layer dielectric substrate and the control circuit board provides good electromagnetic shielding and physical support for the control circuit board, ensuring accurate transmission of control signals and precise adjustment of RIS unit 11 parameters. By directly controlling the circuit board, the controller 3 can flexibly adjust the parameters of each RIS unit 11 independently or cooperatively, such as phase, amplitude, etc., thereby realizing intelligent control and dynamic optimization of electromagnetic beams. This structural design not only improves the integration and reliability of the panel assembly 1, but also widens its application scenarios, bringing more flexible and efficient solutions to the fields of wireless communication, radar detection, etc.

[0102] In an embodiment, the RIS unit 11 includes a first metal sheet 111, a second metal sheet 112, an insulating rod (not shown in the figure), and a dielectric plate 113 sandwiched between the first metal sheet 111 and the second metal sheet 112, the insulating rod connecting the first metal sheet 111 and the second metal sheet 112 through the dielectric plate 113.

[0103] In these optional embodiments, by introducing the first metal sheet 111 and the second metal sheet 112 in each RIS unit 11 and sandwiching them with the dielectric plate 113, an efficient electromagnetic regulation structure is formed. This structure not only enhances the electromagnetic response capability of the RIS unit 11, but also effectively controls the coupling effect between units.

[0104] In an embodiment, the first metal sheet 111 includes two spaced and symmetrically arranged first and second sub-metal sheets 111a and 111b, the first sub-metal sheet 111a being used for receiving signals, and the second sub-metal sheet 111b being used for transmitting signals;

[0105] The second metal sheet 112 includes two spaced and symmetrically arranged third and fourth sub-metal sheets, the third sub-metal sheet being used for transmitting signals, and the fourth sub-metal sheet being used for receiving signals;

[0106] The first metal sheet 111, the second metal sheet 112, and the dielectric plate 113 are connected through a hollow insulating rod, the first and second sub-metal sheets 111a and 111b wrapping the hollow insulating rod, and the third and fourth sub-metal sheets wrapping the hollow insulating rod; wherein the hollow insulating rod is used to conduct the first and third sub-metal sheets 111a and 111b, and the second and fourth sub-metal sheets 111b and 111a.

[0107] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the RIS panel layer 14 is integrated with an array of RIS units 11, each RIS unit 11 is spaced less than N, embedded in the RIS panel layer 14 and penetrates to the back. The RIS panel layer 14 mainly has three sub-layers, the first and third layers are dielectric substrates (i.e. the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate); the second layer is a control circuit board, through the controller 3 can independently adjust the values of capacitance, resistance, inductance in all RIS units 11, so as to realize the adjustment of signal amplitude or phase and other parameters.

[0108] The RIS unit 11 is designed, and the RIS unit 11 is composed of 1 layer of dielectric plate 113 and 2 layers of metal sheets (i.e. the first metal sheet 111 and the second metal sheet 112), wherein the dielectric plate 113 is the middle layer, the metal sheet is the top layer (the first metal sheet 111) and the bottom layer (i.e. the second metal sheet 112). The thickness of the dielectric plate 113 is h, the top layer is two split metal sheets (i.e. the first sub-metal sheet 111a and the second sub-metal sheet 111b), the left and right metal sheets are respectively used for signal reception (i.e. the first sub-metal sheet 111a) and transmission (the second sub-metal sheet 111b), the middle of the first metal sheet 111 is a circular arc hollow, the second metal sheet 112 has the same structure as the first metal sheet 111, and the left and right metal sheets (i.e. the third sub-metal sheet and the fourth sub-metal sheet) of the second metal sheet 112 are respectively used for signal transmission (the third sub-metal sheet) and reception (the third sub-metal sheet). The dielectric plate 113, the first metal sheet 111 and the second metal sheet 112 are penetrated and connected by a hollow insulating rod, and the first sub-metal sheet 111a and the second sub-metal sheet 111b, and the third sub-metal sheet and the fourth sub-metal sheet are respectively wrapped in the left half arc and the right half arc, so that the first sub-metal sheet 111a on the left side of the top only conducts with the third sub-metal sheet on the left side of the bottom, and the second sub-metal sheet 111b on the right side of the top only conducts with the fourth sub-metal sheet on the right side of the bottom. The plane wave from the free space excites surface current on one side of the metal patch and conducts to the other side through the through hole of the hollow insulating rod and radiates to the free space.

[0109] In these optional embodiments, the first metal sheet 111 is composed of the first sub-metal sheet 111a (receiving signal) and the second sub-metal sheet 111b (transmitting signal) arranged symmetrically, and the second metal sheet 112 is composed of the third sub-metal sheet (transmitting signal) and the fourth sub-metal sheet (receiving signal) symmetrically. This layout not only optimizes the signal transmission path, reduces the mutual interference between signals, but also improves the transmission efficiency and stability of the signal. As a key connecting component, the hollow insulating rod not only ensures the stable connection between the first and second metal sheets and the dielectric plate 113, but also effectively conducts the corresponding sub-metal sheets through its conductive properties, ensuring the seamless connection and conversion of signals between reception and transmission.

[0110] As Figure 6As shown, the application also provides an antenna cover 100 system, which comprises the antenna cover 100, the data acquisition module 102 and the analysis processing module 103 according to any embodiment of the first aspect;

[0111] The front-end connection module 101 is in communication connection with the controller 3 and the analysis processing module 103 respectively, and is used to receive the current panel parameters of the RIS panel assembly 1 sent by the controller 3.

[0112] The data acquisition module is in communication connection with the antenna cover and the analysis processing module respectively, and is used to acquire the current panel parameters of each panel assembly and the real-time signal indicators of the service area corresponding to the antenna.

[0113] The analysis processing module is used to generate control instructions according to the current panel parameters and the real-time signal indicators, and the control instructions are used to adjust the parameters of the RIS unit to regulate the signals received or transmitted by the antenna.

[0114] The data acquisition module comprises a front-end connection module, which is in communication connection with the antenna cover and the analysis processing module respectively, and is used to acquire the current panel parameters.

[0115] Optionally, the front-end connection module 101 serves as a communication hub in the antenna cover 100 system, and is responsible for receiving the current panel parameters of the panel assembly 1 from the controller 3 and forwarding these parameters to the analysis processing module 103. At the same time, it is also responsible for receiving the control instructions from the analysis processing module 103 and sending these instructions to the controller 3 to realize the adjustment of the parameters of the panel assembly 1. The front-end connection module 101 can ensure smooth data flow between the controller 3 and the analysis processing module 103, and is a key link to realize intelligent regulation and control of the antenna cover 100 system.

[0116] Optionally, the data acquisition module 102 is responsible for acquiring the signal indicators of the service area corresponding to the antenna 4 in real time, such as signal strength, signal quality, interference level, etc. These data are important basis for evaluating the performance and service quality of the antenna 4. The data acquisition module 102 provides necessary data support for the analysis processing module 103, so that it can perform intelligent analysis and processing based on real-time signal indicators.

[0117] Optionally, the analysis processing module 103 receives real-time signal indicators from the data acquisition module 102 and current panel parameters from the front-end connection module 101. Based on these data, the analysis processing module 103 applies certain algorithms or logic to generate control instructions. These instructions aim to optimize the parameters of the RIS unit 11 to improve the effect of the antenna 4 receiving or transmitting electromagnetic waves. The analysis processing module 103 is the "brain" of the radome 100 system, responsible for intelligent analysis and decision-making, generating and sending control instructions to achieve dynamic regulation and optimization of the performance of the antenna 4.

[0118] Optionally, the controller 3 receives control instructions from the front-end connection module 101 and adjusts the parameters of the RIS unit 11 according to these instructions. These parameters may include phase, amplitude, frequency, etc., which directly affect the regulation ability of the RIS unit 11 on electromagnetic waves. The controller 3 performs control operations to ensure that the RIS unit 11 can make accurate parameter adjustments according to the decisions of the analysis processing module 103, thereby achieving intelligent regulation of the electromagnetic waves of the signals received or transmitted by the antenna 4.

[0119] In these optional embodiments, the radome panel parameters and the signal conditions of the antenna service area are monitored in real time by the data acquisition module, and accurate control instructions are generated through intelligent analysis to dynamically adjust the parameters of the RIS unit 11. Thus, not only the flexibility and accuracy of the antenna receiving and transmitting signals are significantly improved, effectively coping with complex and variable communication environments, but also the stability and reliability of the communication system are greatly enhanced.

[0120] For reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the radome system provided by another embodiment of the present application.

[0121] In an embodiment, the data acquisition module 102 further comprises a first acquisition module 102a and a second acquisition module 102b, and the analysis processing module 103 is in communication connection with the first acquisition module 102a and the second acquisition module 102b, respectively;

[0122] The first acquisition module 102a is configured to acquire interference information, measurement report (MR) data, and minimum drive test (MDT) data of the service area corresponding to the antenna 4.

[0123] The second acquisition module 102b is configured to acquire over-the-top (OTT) data.

[0124] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the radome 100 is based on a modular and splicable panel assembly 1, which can be assembled into different shapes according to the actual situation of the scene, and provides a wireless signal self-defined processing function on the basis of the existing radome 100.

[0125] The controller 3 receives the control information from the analysis processing module 103 and converts it into operation commands recognizable by the panel assembly 1 module, to drive the panel assembly 1 to perform signal control; and sends state information to the front-end connection module 101.

[0126] The front-end connection module 101 provides energy and routing functions, and provides energy for the panel assembly 1, and aggregates and distributes information of each panel assembly 1 in the site.

[0127] The analysis processing module 103 interfaces with the OAM (i.e., the first acquisition module 102a) to acquire index information of a cell corresponding to the antenna 4 (i.e., a service area corresponding to the antenna 4), and analyzes and generates corresponding control information, and sends the control information to the front-end connection module 101, which sends the control information to the controller 3.

[0128] The OAM (i.e., the first acquisition module 102a) is an operation and maintenance system, which provides real-time index information (i.e., real-time signal indexes) of interference, quality, coverage, etc. of a cell corresponding to the antenna 4.

[0129] The external data source (i.e., the second acquisition module 102b) is used to collect the latest Over The Top (OTT) data resources and field test data resources, and provides the above data for the analysis processing module 103.

[0130] Optionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the panel assembly 1, the controller 3, the front-end connection module 101, and the analysis processing module 103 are used to realize the function of the smart-super-surface-based radome 100, which can solve the problems of signal shielding and reflection of the existing radome, and can also enhance the coverage capability of the antenna 4.

[0131] First, the panel assembly 1 is used to construct the overall structure of the radome 100, the radome 100 is connected to the control network based on the front-end connection module 101, and the controller 3 receives the control instructions issued by the analysis processing module 103 to perform parameter setting and adjustment of the panel assembly 1.

[0132] Specifically, the analysis processing module 103 periodically obtains real-time index information such as interference, quality, and coverage of the cell corresponding to the antenna 4 from the OAM, and combines OTT data and test data obtained from external data sources to analyze and determine the setting strategy of the panel assembly 1, and further sends instructions to the controller 3 through the front-end connection module 101 to adjust the parameters of the panel assembly 1. The control of the panel assembly 1 involved in the present application includes but is not limited to transmission frequency band selection, signal attenuation, and signal enhancement. Since the panel assembly 1 is an array structure composed of multiple metamaterial RIS units 11, different parameter setting strategies can be performed for different panel regions.

[0133] In these optional embodiments, the system significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of data processing and analysis through the finely divided data acquisition module 102, i.e., the first acquisition module 102a and the second acquisition module 102b. The first acquisition module 102a focuses on collecting multi-dimensional information directly related to the service area of the antenna 4, such as interference information, measurement report data, and minimum drive test data. These information is crucial for evaluating network quality, locating problem areas, and optimizing network layout. By concentrating on processing these basic and critical data, the system can quickly identify potential problems in the network and provide solid data support for subsequent optimization strategies.

[0134] The second acquisition module 102b focuses on capturing OTT data, which follows the development trend of Internet services and ensures that the system can fully understand user behavior, content consumption patterns, and network traffic distribution. The acquisition of OTT data not only helps operators understand how their network is utilized by Internet services, but also provides data support for developing more flexible and market-oriented network strategies.

[0135] In an embodiment, the interference information includes uplink interference intensity of a frequency band of a service area corresponding to the antenna 4;

[0136] The analysis processing module 103 is further configured to determine the average uplink interference level of the uplink and downlink boundaries of the frequency band where the carrier of the service area corresponding to the antenna 4 is located according to the uplink interference intensity of the frequency band, and determine the allowed transmission frequency band when the average uplink interference level is greater than a preset uplink interference level threshold. The allowed transmission frequency band indicates the carrier frequency band allowed to be transmitted by the panel assembly 1.

[0137] Optionally, in one specific implementation of the present application, the analysis processing module 103 connects the OAM to obtain the frequency band uplink interference intensity information of the antenna 4 corresponding cell in the last k time. Then, the average uplink interference level of the upper and lower boundaries of the frequency band where the cell carrier is located is judged, and if it is greater than the uplink interference level threshold, for example, 10 dB, the transmission frequency band selection needs to be performed for the frequency band where the cell carrier is located, that is, only the signals of a specific frequency band (allowed transmission frequency band) are allowed to pass through the panel assembly 1, and the selected transmission frequency band needs to include the uplink and downlink frequency bands of the cell. When there are different frequency bands involved in a single radome 100, if there is a frequency band that needs to be selected for the transmission frequency band, other frequency bands also need to be added to the transmission frequency band selection.

[0138] In these optional embodiments, by introducing detailed monitoring and analysis of the antenna 4 service area frequency band uplink interference intensity, the flexibility and accuracy of network optimization are significantly enhanced. Specifically, the system not only collects interference information, but also further utilizes these information to judge the average uplink interference level of the upper and lower boundaries of the frequency band where the carrier is located. When the average uplink interference level is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the system can automatically determine and indicate the allowed transmission carrier frequency band, that is, the panel assembly 1 is allowed to transmit signals in these frequency bands. Thus, dynamic adaptation to the interference environment is achieved, and by intelligently adjusting the transmission frequency band, the influence of interference on network performance is effectively reduced, while ensuring the quality and efficiency of signal transmission, thereby maintaining stable signal transmission in complex and variable network environment, and bringing users a smoother and higher quality network experience.

[0139] In one embodiment, the analysis processing module 103 is further configured to determine a plurality of target grids corresponding to the service area and a grid type corresponding to each target grid according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data.

[0140] The analysis processing module 103 is further configured to generate the control instruction according to the grid type corresponding to each target grid.

[0141] In these optional embodiments, by comprehensively analyzing OTT, Measurement Report (MR) and Minimization Drive Test (MDT) data, the service area is accurately divided into a plurality of target grids, and the types of each grid are identified, so as to customize the generation of control instructions. This setting significantly improves the pertinence and efficiency of network optimization, and realizes fine management from the global to the local. It not only can quickly respond to network changes and timely adjust resource configuration, but also can effectively reduce resource waste and improve user experience.

[0142] In an embodiment, the determining of the grid type corresponding to each target grid according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data comprises:

[0143] The average signal strength between the plurality of target grids, the grid weak coverage proportion between the plurality of target grids, the distance between each target grid and the antenna 4, the average signal-to-noise ratio between the plurality of target grids, and the total number of sampling points corresponding to all target grids are determined according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data.

[0144] For any first grid in the plurality of target grids, if the average signal strength is less than a first preset threshold, the weak coverage proportion is greater than a second preset threshold, the total number of sampling points is greater than a third preset threshold, and a first distance between the first grid and the antenna 4 is less than a fourth preset threshold, the grid type of the first grid is determined as a weak coverage grid type.

[0145] If the average signal strength is greater than the first preset threshold, the weak coverage proportion is less than the second preset threshold, the total number of sampling points is greater than the third preset threshold, the average signal-to-noise ratio is less than a preset fifth threshold, and the first distance is less than the fourth preset threshold, the grid type of the first grid is determined as a poor quality grid type.

[0146] If the total number of sampling points is greater than the third preset threshold, and the first distance is greater than the fourth preset threshold, the grid type of the first grid is determined as an over-coverage grid type.

[0147] Optionally, in a specific implementation manner of the present application, the analysis processing module 103 connects the OAM to obtain the MR and MDT data of the corresponding cell of the antenna 4 in the last k time. The specific fields of the MR data include sampling point time, serving cell, serving cell signal strength, serving cell signal-to-noise ratio, timing advance (TA), and angle-of-arrival (AOA) ranging. The specific fields of the MDT data include sampling point time, serving cell, serving cell signal strength, serving cell signal-to-noise ratio, longitude, and latitude.

[0148] The analysis processing module 103 connects an external data source to obtain the OTT data and test data of the corresponding cell in the last k time. The extracted specific fields include sampling point time, serving cell, serving cell signal strength, serving cell signal-to-noise ratio, longitude, and latitude. The obtained basic information data of the cell includes longitude, latitude, frequency band, etc.

[0149] Subsequently, the area involved in the system is divided into a plurality of grids of L*L area, and numbered. For a cell involved in a radome 100, for MR sampling points, the grid number to which it belongs is determined according to the cell latitude and longitude, TA, and AOA, and for MDT sampling points, OTT sampling points, and test sampling points, the grid number to which it belongs is determined according to the sampling point latitude and longitude. The grid indicators are counted, and the average signal strength of each grid is calculated according to the signal strength of the sampling points , the proportion of weak coverage of the grid , the total number of sampling points , the average signal-to-noise ratio of the grid , the distance of the grid from the antenna 4 .

[0150] Subsequently, the problem grid is determined, and the specific determination method is as follows:

[0151] {Weak coverage grid | Average signal strength Threshold R (i.e. the first preset threshold), the proportion of weak coverage of the grid Threshold X (i.e. the second preset threshold), the total number of sampling points Threshold S (i.e. the third preset threshold), the distance of the grid from the antenna 4 Threshold D (i.e. the fourth preset threshold);

[0152] {Poor quality grid | Average signal strength Threshold R, the proportion of weak coverage of the grid Threshold X, the total number of sampling points Threshold S, the average signal-to-noise ratio of the grid Threshold V (i.e. the fifth preset threshold), the distance of the grid from the antenna 4 Threshold D;

[0153] {Over-coverage grid | Total number of sampling points Threshold S, the distance of the grid from the antenna 4 Threshold D.

[0154] In these optional embodiments, by comprehensively analyzing OTT, MR, and MDT data, the signal strength, weak coverage proportion, distance from the antenna 4, signal-to-noise ratio, and total number of sampling points of multiple target grids are evaluated in detail, and the grid types (weak coverage, poor quality, and over-coverage) are accurately divided. This fine classification method based on multi-dimensional data greatly improves the pertinence and efficiency of network optimization work. It can quickly identify specific problem areas in the network.

[0155] In an embodiment, the control instruction is generated according to the grid type corresponding to each target grid, including:

[0156] In the case that the grid type of the target grid is the weak coverage grid type, a first instruction is generated to enhance the signal strength of the target grid by a first preset strength;

[0157] In the case that the grid type of the target grid is the poor quality grid type, a second instruction is generated to enhance the signal strength of the target grid by a second preset strength, the second preset strength being less than the first preset strength;

[0158] In the case that the grid type of the target grid is the over-coverage grid type, a third instruction is generated to attenuate the signal strength of the target grid by a third preset strength, the third preset strength being less than the first preset strength.

[0159] Optionally, in a specific implementation of the present application, after the problem grid is determined, the adjustment measure is determined, the signal of the weak coverage grid is enhanced by 2 adjustment steps, the signal of the poor quality grid is enhanced by 1 adjustment step, and the signal of the over-coverage grid is attenuated by 1 adjustment step. After the adjustment measure is determined, the target adjustment unit of the panel assembly 1 is determined, the RIS unit 11 of the panel assembly 1 and the M nearest array RIS units 11 near it through which the line connecting the problem grid center point and the inner center point of the radome 100 pass are taken as the adjustment unit for the problem grid. Finally, the analysis processing module 103 sends the determined adjustment strategy to the control module through the front-end connection module 101 to adjust the parameters of the panel assembly 1.

[0160] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the panel assembly 1 adopts a programmable new type of sub-wavelength two-dimensional metamaterial, actively and intelligently controls electromagnetic waves through digital coding, realizes controllable reflection and transmission of 5G signals, is suitable for signal improvement in outdoor coverage blind area and poor coverage area and other scenes, thereby solving the problems of signal shielding and reflection of the existing radome, and based on the active and intelligent control ability of the panel assembly 1 and the array structure of the RIS unit 11, the fine coverage capacity enhancement is realized.

[0161] In these optional embodiments, by generating corresponding control instructions according to the specific types of target grids (weak coverage, poor quality, and over-coverage), precise regulation of the communication network signal is achieved. For weak coverage grids, by enhancing the signal strength to a first preset strength, the coverage problem in the weak signal area is effectively improved, and the communication experience of users in these areas is improved. For poor quality grids, although measures are taken to enhance the signal strength, the second preset strength is less than the first preset strength, which helps to alleviate interference and avoids new problems that may be caused by excessive signal strength, such as interference with other frequency bands or devices. For over-coverage grids, by attenuating the signal strength to a third preset strength, problems caused by excessive signal, such as signal interference and resource waste, are solved. This differentiated and refined signal regulation strategy not only improves the utilization efficiency of network resources, but also ensures the balance and stability of network coverage, providing users with more high-quality and reliable communication services.

[0162] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements shall be encompassed within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radome, characterized by, The application relates to an antenna cover system. The antenna cover system comprises a plurality of panel assemblies, each of which comprises a plurality of RIS units, and the plurality of panel assemblies are sequentially connected into an antenna cover through connectors. The antenna cover is used for covering an antenna, and the RIS units in different panel assemblies are electrically connected. The parameters of the RIS units are adjustable to regulate signals received or emitted by the antenna. The RIS unit comprises a first metal sheet, a second metal sheet, an insulating rod and a dielectric plate clamped between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, and the insulating rod connects the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet through the dielectric plate. The first metal sheet comprises two first and second sub-metal sheets which are spaced and symmetrically arranged, the first sub-metal sheet is used for receiving signals, and the second sub-metal sheet is used for emitting signals. The second metal sheet comprises two third and fourth sub-metal sheets which are spaced and symmetrically arranged, the third sub-metal sheet is used for emitting signals, and the fourth sub-metal sheet is used for receiving signals. The first metal sheet, the second metal sheet and the dielectric plate are connected through a hollow insulating rod, the first and second sub-metal sheets wrap the hollow insulating rod, and the third and fourth sub-metal sheets wrap the hollow insulating rod; wherein the hollow insulating rod is used for conducting the first and third sub-metal sheets and conducting the second and fourth sub-metal sheets.

2. The antenna cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna cover further comprises a controller arranged on the panel assembly, and the controller is used for adjusting the parameters of the RIS units according to received control instructions to regulate signals received or emitted by the antenna.

3. The antenna cover of claim 1, wherein, The panel assembly comprises a first shell layer, a second shell layer and a RIS panel layer clamped between the first shell layer and the second shell layer, and the plurality of RIS units are arranged on the RIS panel layer.

4. The antenna cover of claim 3, wherein, The RIS units on each RIS panel layer are arranged in an array.

5. The antenna cover of claim 3, wherein, The second shell layer is located on the inner side of the antenna cover, the RIS units are embedded in the RIS panel layer, and the surfaces of the RIS units are exposed to the second shell layer.

6. The antenna cover of claim 3, wherein, Each RIS panel layer comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a control circuit board clamped between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, the control circuit board is electrically connected with each RIS unit on the same RIS panel layer, and is used for receiving instructions of a controller to adjust the parameters of the RIS units.

7. An antenna cover system characterized by The antenna cover system comprises the antenna cover, a data acquisition module and an analysis processing module. The data acquisition module is in communication connection with the antenna cover and the analysis processing module, and is used for acquiring current panel parameters of each panel assembly and real-time signal indicators of a service area corresponding to the antenna. The analysis processing module is used for generating control instructions according to the current panel parameters and the real-time signal indicators, and the control instructions are used for adjusting the parameters of the RIS units to regulate signals received or emitted by the antenna.

8. The radome system of claim 7, wherein, The data acquisition module comprises a front-end connection module, which is in communication connection with the radome and the analysis processing module respectively, and is configured to acquire the current panel parameter.

9. The radome system of claim 7, wherein, The data acquisition module further comprises a first acquisition module and a second acquisition module, and the analysis processing module is in communication connection with the first acquisition module and the second acquisition module respectively. The first acquisition module is configured to acquire interference information, measurement report (MR) data and minimization of drive test (MDT) data of a service area corresponding to the antenna. The second acquisition module is configured to acquire over-the-top (OTT) data.

10. The radome system of claim 9, wherein, The interference information comprises uplink interference intensity of a frequency band of the service area corresponding to the antenna. The analysis processing module is further configured to determine average uplink interference levels of upper and lower boundaries of a frequency segment in which a carrier of the service area corresponding to the antenna is located according to the uplink interference intensity, and determine a permitted transmission frequency segment when the average uplink interference levels are greater than a preset uplink interference level threshold, wherein the permitted transmission frequency segment indicates a carrier frequency segment permitted to be transmitted by the panel assembly.

11. The radome system of claim 9, wherein, The analysis processing module is further configured to determine a plurality of target grids corresponding to the service area and a grid type corresponding to each target grid according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data. The analysis processing module is further configured to generate the control instruction according to the grid type corresponding to each target grid.

12. The radome system of claim 11, wherein, The determination of the grid type corresponding to each target grid according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data comprises: determining average signal intensity between the plurality of target grids, a grid weak coverage ratio between the plurality of target grids, a distance between each target grid and the antenna, average signal-to-noise ratio between the plurality of target grids, and a total number of sampling points corresponding to all target grids according to the OTT data, the MR data and the MDT data; determining the grid type of a first grid in the plurality of target grids as a weak coverage grid type when the average signal intensity is less than a first preset threshold, the weak coverage ratio is greater than a second preset threshold, the total number of sampling points is greater than a third preset threshold, and a first distance between the first grid and the antenna is less than a fourth preset threshold; determining the grid type of the first grid as a poor quality grid type when the average signal intensity is greater than the first preset threshold, the weak coverage ratio is less than the second preset threshold, the total number of sampling points is greater than the third preset threshold, average signal-to-noise ratio is less than a preset fifth threshold, and the first distance is less than the fourth preset threshold; and determining the grid type of the first grid as an over-coverage grid type when the total number of sampling points is greater than the third preset threshold, and the first distance is greater than the fourth preset threshold.

13. The radome system of claim 12, wherein, The generation of the control instruction according to the grid type corresponding to each target grid comprises: In a case where the grid type of the target grid is the weak coverage grid type, a first instruction is generated to enhance the signal strength of the target grid by a first preset strength; In a case where the grid type of the target grid is the poor quality grid type, a second instruction is generated to enhance the signal strength of the target grid by a second preset strength, the second preset strength being less than the first preset strength; In a case where the grid type of the target grid is the over-coverage grid type, a third instruction is generated to attenuate the signal strength of the target grid by a third preset strength, the third preset strength being less than the first preset strength.

Images