Voltage amplifier and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a voltage amplifier and a preparation method thereof, which can be applied to the technical field of voltage amplifiers. The voltage amplifier method includes: a noise matching transformer including a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a magnetic core, the noise matching transformer being configured with a target number of turns of the primary winding and a target number of turns of the secondary winding, thereby reducing noise of the active amplifier, the target number of turns of the primary winding is determined according to at least one of the first number of turns and the second number of turns, the target number of turns of the secondary winding is determined according to the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the single-turn average resistance of the secondary winding, and the primary winding comprises a first tap and a second tap, the secondary winding comprises a positive tap, a negative tap and a center tap; the active amplifier is used for amplifying the signal source voltage according to the gain of the active amplifier, and the gain of the active amplifier is determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the target number of turns of the secondary winding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of voltage amplifiers, and in particular to a voltage amplifier and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of space science and technology, space technologies such as high-resolution earth observation, deep space exploration, and laser communication have continuously increased the requirements for the attitude stability and pointing accuracy of spacecraft payloads. However, the payload platform is more sensitive to the disturbance effects of micro-angular vibrations and is more easily affected by the micro-angular vibrations of space structures.

[0003] Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) angular velocity sensor has the characteristics of low noise, wide bandwidth, miniaturization, long life, etc. It is insensitive to acceleration shock and is one of the more direct, effective and reliable sensors for measuring broadband micro-angular vibration of spacecraft payload platforms. In the MHD angular velocity sensor, the structural component that can convert the external angular velocity input into motional electromotive force output is called the MHD angular velocity sensor element. The MHD angular velocity sensor is composed of an organic combination of the MHD angular velocity sensor element and the detection circuit. The voltage signal output by the MHD angular velocity sensor element is very weak, at the nanovolt level.

[0004] In the process of realizing the concept of the present invention, the inventors found that due to the influence of noise in the related art, it is difficult for the voltage amplifier to achieve the amplification requirements of high signal-to-noise ratio and low distortion for relatively weak voltage signals. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a voltage amplifier and a method for preparing the same.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a voltage amplifier is provided, comprising: a noise matching transformer, comprising a primary winding, a secondary winding and a magnetic core, wherein the noise matching transformer is configured with a target number of turns of the primary winding and a target number of turns of the secondary winding, so as to reduce the noise of the active amplifier, wherein the target number of turns of the primary winding is determined according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns, wherein the first number of turns is determined according to a signal source resistance, a single-turn average resistance of the primary winding and a single-turn inductance of the magnetic core, and the second number of turns is determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core and the voltage amplifier. The target input resistance is determined, the target number of turns of the secondary winding is determined according to the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the average resistance of a single turn of the secondary winding, the primary winding includes a first tap and a second tap, the first tap is connected to the first output end of the signal source, the second tap is connected to the second output end of the signal source, the secondary winding includes a positive tap, a negative tap and a center tap, the positive tap and the negative tap are both connected to the active amplifier, and the center tap is grounded; the active amplifier is used to amplify the signal source voltage according to the gain of the active amplifier, wherein the gain of the active amplifier is determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the target number of turns of the secondary winding.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary winding is located outside the primary winding, the primary winding is wound in a single-wire sequential manner, and the secondary winding is wound in a double-wire parallel manner.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, both the primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on the magnetic core using insulating enameled wire.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active amplifier includes a first-stage instrument amplifier circuit, a second-stage operational amplifier circuit and an AC / DC feedback circuit, wherein the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit includes an instrument amplifier integrated circuit, a first resistor and a first capacitor; the second-stage operational amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor; the AC / DC feedback circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a fourth resistor and a second capacitor, wherein the second resistor and the third resistor are the same.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic core is ≥10 5 .

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic core comprises a ring-shaped magnetic core.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a voltage amplifier, comprising: determining a target number of turns of a primary winding according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns, wherein the first number of turns is determined according to a first preset cutoff frequency, a single-turn inductance of a magnetic core, a signal source resistance, and a single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, and the second number of turns is determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core, and a target input voltage of the voltage amplifier; determining a target number of turns of the primary winding according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the single-turn inductance of the primary winding. The invention relates to a method for preparing a voltage amplifier according to the present invention. The method comprises the steps of: determining the resistance of the primary winding according to the average resistance of each turn; determining the target number of turns of the secondary winding according to the equivalent input voltage noise, the equivalent input current noise, the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the average resistance of each turn of the secondary winding based on the voltage noise threshold and the current noise threshold; determining the gain of the active amplifier according to the preset overall gain value, the target number of turns of the primary winding and the target number of turns of the secondary winding; and preparing the voltage amplifier according to the signal source resistance, the target number of turns of the primary winding, the target number of turns of the secondary winding and the gain of the active amplifier.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the resistance value of the first resistor and the capacitance value of the first capacitor according to the second preset cut-off frequency and the first capacitance threshold.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the resistance value of the fourth resistor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor according to the first preset cut-off frequency and the second capacitance threshold.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the gain of the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit according to the gain of the active amplifier.

[0016] According to the voltage amplifier and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention, by configuring a target resistance matching the signal source resistance in the noise matching transformer, the noise reduction of the active amplifier can be achieved. When the noise of the active amplifier is low, the signal source voltage is amplified according to the gain of the active amplifier, thereby achieving the amplification requirements of the signal source voltage with high signal-to-noise ratio and low harmonic distortion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a voltage amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2A cross-sectional view of a noise matching transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a voltage amplifier according to yet another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for preparing a voltage amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Below, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of concepts of the present invention.

[0023] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0024] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0025] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", they should generally be interpreted according to the meaning of the expression commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0026] In the process of implementing the present invention, it is found that in the related art, the payload platform is more sensitive to the micro-angular vibration disturbance effect and is easily affected by the micro-angular vibration of the space structure. Therefore, the micro-angular vibration of the space structure limits the further improvement of the high-precision spacecraft payload attitude and pointing control accuracy.

[0027] In the prior art, the equivalent input voltage noise of a conventional low-noise active amplifier is less than 10 , the equivalent input current noise is less than 10 The optimal source resistance is generally in the kilohm range, while the source resistance of an MHD angular velocity sensor element is usually less than 0.5 milliohm. At this time, the noise coefficient of the detection circuit is usually higher than 20dB. Therefore, it cannot meet the high signal-to-noise ratio and low distortion amplification requirements of the output voltage signal of the MHD angular velocity sensor element.

[0028] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage amplifier, comprising: a noise matching transformer, comprising a primary winding, a secondary winding and a magnetic core, the noise matching transformer is configured with a target number of turns of the primary winding and a target number of turns of the secondary winding, so as to reduce the noise of the active amplifier, wherein the target number of turns of the primary winding is determined according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns, the first number of turns is determined according to a signal source resistance, a single-turn average resistance of the primary winding and a single-turn inductance of the magnetic core, and the second number of turns is determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core and the voltage The target input voltage of the amplifier is determined, the target number of turns of the secondary winding is determined according to the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the average resistance of a single turn of the secondary winding, the primary winding includes a first tap and a second tap, the first tap is connected to the first output end of the signal source, the second tap is connected to the second output end of the signal source, the secondary winding includes a positive tap, a negative tap and a center tap, the positive tap and the negative tap are both connected to the active amplifier, and the center tap is grounded; the active amplifier is used to amplify the signal source voltage according to the gain of the active amplifier, wherein the gain of the active amplifier is determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the target number of turns of the secondary winding.

[0029] Figure 1 A circuit diagram of a voltage amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a noise matching transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the voltage amplifier 100 of this embodiment includes a noise matching transformer 110 and an active amplifier 120 .

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the noise matching amplifier 110 includes a primary winding 1110, a secondary winding 1120 and a magnetic core 1130, and the noise matching transformer is configured with a target number of turns of the primary winding 1110 and a target number of turns of the secondary winding 1120, so as to reduce the noise of the active amplifier.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active amplifier 120 is used to amplify the signal source voltage according to the gain of the active amplifier 120 .

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the primary winding 1110 may represent a coil portion that obtains electrical energy from a signal source. The primary winding 1110 may be wound in a single-wire manner. The secondary winding 1120 may represent a coil portion that realizes the transmission of electrical energy and the conversion of voltage. The secondary winding 1120 may be wound in a double-wire manner. The magnetic core 1130 may be made of a soft magnetic material.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target number of turns of the primary winding 1110 may be determined by at least one of the first number of turns and the second number of turns. When the target number of turns of the primary winding 1110 and the target number of turns of the secondary winding 1120 are determined, the target resistance may be determined.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first number of turns may be determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding 1110 , and the single-turn inductance of the magnetic core 1130 .

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core can characterize the maximum magnetic field strength in the initial linear region of the magnetization curve (BH curve for short) of the magnetic core. The target input voltage of the voltage amplifier can characterize the maximum input voltage of the voltage amplifier. The second number of turns can be determined based on the signal source resistance, the average single-turn resistance of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core, and the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target number of turns of the secondary winding 1120 may be determined according to the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding 1110 , and the average resistance of a single turn of the secondary winding 1120 .

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the primary winding 1110 may include a first tap and a second tap. The first tap may be connected to the primary winding 1110 by a resistor The first tap can be connected to the first output terminal of the signal source to achieve a low-resistance connection, and the resistance of the low-resistance connection is less than 0.1 milliohms. The second tap can be connected to the second output terminal of the signal source, and the second tap can be connected to the second output terminal of the signal source to achieve a low-resistance connection, and the connection resistance is less than 0.1 milliohms. The secondary winding 1120 may include a positive tap, a negative tap, and a center tap, and the positive tap and the negative tap are both connected to the active amplifier, and the center tap is grounded. The positive tap is connected to the first resistor of the secondary winding 1120. A low-impedance connection is achieved with the active amplifier, and the negative taps are all connected through the second resistor of the secondary winding 1120 A low-impedance connection is made to the active amplifier, with the center tap connected to ground. The resistance of the low-impedance connection is less than 0.1 ohms.

[0039] According to the embodiment of the present invention, in the case of noise matching, the noise coefficient of the voltage amplifier can be optimized to ensure impedance matching between the signal source and the amplifier, thereby reducing signal loss and increased noise during transmission.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gain of the active amplifier may be determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding 1110 and the target number of turns of the secondary winding 1120. Based on the gain of the active amplifier, the signal source voltage may be amplified.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal source may be a magnetohydrodynamic angular velocity sensor element. In the case where the signal source is a magnetohydrodynamic angular velocity sensor element, the signal source resistance is usually less than 0.5 milliohms.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by configuring a noise matching transformer with a target number of turns of the primary winding and a target number of turns of the secondary winding, the noise reduction and harmonic distortion reduction of the active amplifier can be achieved. When the noise and harmonic distortion of the active amplifier are both low, the signal source voltage is amplified according to the gain of the active amplifier, thereby achieving the amplification requirements of high signal-to-noise ratio and low harmonic distortion of the signal source voltage.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary winding is located outside the primary winding, the primary winding is wound in a single-wire sequential manner, and the secondary winding is wound in a double-wire parallel manner.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the secondary winding is located outside the primary winding. The primary winding is wound in a single-wire forward winding manner, which can be characterized by winding through a single wire. The primary winding can be wound on a magnetic core using an insulating enameled wire. The single-wire forward winding can reduce the AC impedance of the winding, and can also reduce the proximity effect, reduce the AC loss of the winding, thereby improving the efficiency of the noise matching transformer. The secondary winding is wound in a double-wire parallel winding manner, which can be characterized by winding through two wires in parallel. The secondary winding can be wound on a magnetic core using an insulating enameled wire. The double-wire parallel winding can increase the current capacity, reduce the resistance, improve the thermal performance, reduce the electromagnetic interference and other characteristics.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the primary winding is wound in a single-wire forward winding manner and the secondary winding is wound in a double-wire parallel winding manner, which can reduce AC losses, reduce electromagnetic interference, etc., and the primary winding and the secondary winding are wound on the magnetic core using insulating enameled wire, which can improve the efficiency of the noise matching transformer.

[0046] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a voltage amplifier according to yet another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the voltage amplifier 300 includes a noise matching transformer 310 and an active amplifier 320 .

[0048] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the noise matching amplifier 310 may include a primary winding 1110 , a secondary winding 1120 and a magnetic core 1130 . The active amplifier 320 may include a first stage instrumentation amplifier circuit 3210 , a second stage operational amplifier circuit 3220 and an AC / DC feedback circuit 3230 .

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the primary winding 310 may include a first tap and a second tap. The first tap may be connected to the primary winding 310 by a resistor The first tap can be connected to the first output terminal of the signal source to achieve a low-resistance connection, and the resistance of the low-resistance connection is less than 0.1 milliohms. The second tap can be connected to the second output terminal of the signal source, and the second tap can be connected to the second output terminal of the signal source to achieve a low-resistance connection, and the connection resistance is less than 0.1 milliohms. The secondary winding 1120 may include a positive tap, a negative tap, and a center tap, and the positive tap and the negative tap are both connected to the active amplifier, and the center tap is grounded. The positive tap is connected to the first resistor of the secondary winding 1120. A low-impedance connection is achieved with the active amplifier, and the negative taps are all connected through the second resistor of the secondary winding 1120 A low-impedance connection is made to the active amplifier, with the center tap connected to ground. The resistance of the low-impedance connection is less than 0.1 ohms.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit 3210 may include an instrument amplifier integrated circuit (REF for short), a first resistor R1, and a first capacitor C1. The second-stage operational amplifier circuit 3220 may include a first operational amplifier (OP-AMP1), a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The AC / DC feedback circuit 3230 may include a second operational amplifier (OP-AMP2), a fourth resistor R4, and a second capacitor C2, wherein the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 may be the same.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent input voltage noise of the first stage instrument amplifier circuit 3210 is less than 10 , the equivalent input current noise is less than 10 The gain of the active amplifier may be determined according to the gain of the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit 3210 and the gain of the second-stage operational amplifier circuit 3220 .

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 can form a resistor-capacitor low-pass filter. The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can be metal film resistors. The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can be two identical resistors. The second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 can be connected in phase. The first operational amplifier OP-AMP1 can be a low-noise operational amplifier. The second operational amplifier OP-AMP2 can be a low input offset operational amplifier, the fourth resistor R4 can be a metal film resistor, and the second capacitor C2 can be a ceramic capacitor.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic core is ≥10 5 .

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic core can represent the ratio of the magnetic permeability of the magnetic core material to the magnetic permeability of vacuum. A magnetic core with a higher relative magnetic permeability can improve the magnetic performance and working effect of the noise matching transformer, thereby improving the working effect of the voltage amplifier.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic core comprises a toroidal magnetic core.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic core may include a toroidal magnetic core, and the relative magnetic permeability of the toroidal magnetic core is large. The toroidal magnetic core can be suitable for applications with high magnetic permeability and low loss, has different magnetic permeabilities and characteristics, is suitable for different operating frequencies and environmental conditions, and the toroidal magnetic core also helps to reduce interference from external magnetic fields.

[0057] Based on the above voltage amplifier, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the voltage amplifier.

[0058] Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for preparing a voltage amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the method 400 for preparing a voltage amplifier includes operations S410 to S450.

[0060] In operation S410, a target number of turns of a primary winding is determined according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns.

[0061] In operation S420 , the resistance of the primary winding is determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the average resistance of a single turn of the primary winding.

[0062] In operation S430 , based on the voltage noise threshold and the current noise threshold, a target number of turns of the secondary winding is determined according to equivalent input voltage noise, equivalent input current noise, signal source resistance, resistance of the primary winding, and single-turn average resistance of the secondary winding.

[0063] In operation S440, a gain of the active amplifier is determined according to a preset overall gain value, a target number of turns of the primary winding, and a target number of turns of the secondary winding.

[0064] In operation S450 , a voltage amplifier is prepared according to a signal source resistance, a target number of turns of a primary winding, a target number of turns of a secondary winding, and a gain of an active amplifier.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first preset cutoff frequency may represent the low-frequency cutoff frequency corresponding to the -3dB point on the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve. The first number of turns may be determined based on the first preset cutoff frequency, the single-turn inductance of the magnetic core, the signal source resistance, and the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding. The second number of turns may be determined based on the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core, and the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first number of turns can be determined according to the first preset cut-off frequency, the single-turn inductance of the magnetic core, the signal source resistance and the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding. The calculation of is as follows:

[0067] (1)

[0068] in, represents the first preset cutoff frequency, Represents the single-turn inductance of the core, represents the signal source resistance, Represents the average resistance of a single turn of the primary winding.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core can characterize the maximum magnetic field strength in the initial linear region of the magnetization curve (BH curve for short) of the magnetic core. The target input voltage of the voltage amplifier can characterize the maximum input voltage of the voltage amplifier. The amplitude of the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier can be determined based on the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier. The second number of turns can be determined based on the signal source resistance, the average resistance of a single turn of the primary winding, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, the equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core, and the amplitude of the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier. The calculation of is as follows:

[0070] (2)

[0071] in, represents the magnitude of the target input voltage of the voltage amplifier, represents the magnetic field strength of the core, Indicates the equivalent magnetic path length of the core.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target number of turns of the primary winding may be determined by at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns. When the first number of turns is greater than the second number of turns, the first number of turns may be determined as the target number of turns of the primary winding. When the second number of turns is greater than the first number of turns, the second number of turns may be determined as the target number of turns of the primary winding. The higher the second number of turns, the smaller the harmonic distortion of the voltage amplifier.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the primary winding can be determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the average resistance of a single turn of the primary winding. The calculation of is as follows:

[0074] (3)

[0075] in, Indicates the target number of turns for the primary winding.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage noise threshold may represent the threshold of the equivalent input voltage noise. For example, the voltage noise threshold may be 10 The current noise threshold can represent the threshold of the equivalent input current noise. For example, the current noise threshold can be 10 Based on the voltage noise threshold and the current noise threshold, the target number of turns of the secondary winding can be determined according to the equivalent input voltage noise, the equivalent input current noise, the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the average single-turn resistance of the secondary winding. The calculation of is as follows:

[0077] (4)

[0078] in, , It represents the ratio of the total equivalent resistance of the primary loop of the noise matching transformer to the square of the target number of turns of the primary winding. , represents the target resistance of the active amplifier, represents the average resistance of a single turn of the secondary winding, represents the equivalent input voltage noise, represents the equivalent input current noise.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the preset overall gain value may represent an overall gain value of the voltage amplifier set according to requirements.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gain of the active amplifier can be determined according to a preset overall gain value, a target number of turns of the primary winding, and a target number of turns of the secondary winding. The calculation of is as follows:

[0081] (5)

[0082] in, Indicates the preset overall gain value.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage amplifier can be prepared based on parameters such as signal source resistance, target number of turns of the primary winding, target number of turns of the secondary winding and gain of the active amplifier, thereby realizing a voltage amplifier with high gain, low loss and low harmonic distortion.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of turns of the primary winding, the resistance of the primary winding and the gain of the active amplifier can be determined based on known parameters, and a high-gain, low-loss, low-harmonic distortion voltage amplifier can be prepared based on the number of turns of the primary winding, the resistance of the primary winding and the gain of the active amplifier, which can simplify the design difficulty of the voltage amplifier and reduce the research and development and preparation cycle of the voltage amplifier.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the resistance value of the first resistor and the capacitance value of the first capacitor according to the second preset cut-off frequency and the first capacitance threshold.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second preset cutoff frequency can represent the high frequency cutoff frequency corresponding to the -3dB point on the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve. The resistance value of the first resistor and the capacitance value of the first capacitor can be determined according to the second preset cutoff frequency and the first capacitance threshold.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first resistor may be a resistor of a RC low-pass filter, and the resistance value of the first resistor may be half of the resistance value of the second resistor, that is, , the first capacitance threshold can be determined according to the following formula (6).

[0088] (6)

[0089] in, represents the second preset cutoff frequency, represents the first resistor, represents the first capacitor.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the resistance value of the fourth resistor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor according to the first preset cut-off frequency and the second capacitance threshold.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance value of the fourth resistor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor can be determined according to the first preset cut-off frequency and the second capacitance threshold. The second capacitor can be a feedback capacitor. The fourth resistor can be an AC / DC feedback resistor. The second capacitance threshold can be less than or equal to 2.2 Based on the second capacitance threshold and the first preset cut-off frequency, the resistance value of the fourth resistor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor can be determined using the following formula (7).

[0092] (7)

[0093] in, represents the fourth resistor, represents the second capacitor.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the fourth resistor and the capacitance of the second capacitor may include multiple values, as long as the above formula (7) and the second capacitance threshold are satisfied. For example, the second capacitance may be 2.2 .

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the voltage amplifier further includes: determining the gain of the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit according to the gain of the active amplifier.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the gain of the active amplifier is determined, the gain of the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit can be determined according to the following formula (8): .

[0097] (8)

[0098] in, Represents the gain of the active amplifier.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage amplifier is prepared based on parameters such as signal source resistance, target number of turns of the primary winding, target number of turns of the secondary winding, and gain of the active amplifier. The voltage amplifier can be applied to ultra-low noise (noise figure less than 3dB) amplification of voltage signal sources in low source impedance (less than 1Ω) and wide bandwidth (1Hz~100kHz). The voltage amplifier can also amplify the signal source voltage with optimal signal-to-noise ratio and low harmonic distortion, and is particularly suitable for amplifying weak output voltage signals of MHD angular velocity sensor elements.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present invention, since parameters such as the signal source resistance of each voltage amplifier, the target number of turns of the primary winding, the target number of turns of the secondary winding and the gain of the active amplifier, the resistance value of the first resistor, the capacitance value of the first capacitor can be determined simply and effectively, the voltage amplifier can be prepared based on the various parameters, thereby reducing the design difficulty and preparation cycle of the voltage amplifier.

[0101] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a part of a code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of a code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flow chart, and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0102] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0103] The embodiments of the present invention are described above. However, these embodiments are only for the purpose of illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although each embodiment is described above, it does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used in combination. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage amplifier, characterized in that: include: A noise matching transformer comprises a primary winding, a secondary winding and a magnetic core, wherein the noise matching transformer is configured with a target number of turns of the primary winding and a target number of turns of the secondary winding, so as to reduce the noise of an active amplifier, wherein the target number of turns of the primary winding is determined according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns, wherein the first number of turns is determined according to a signal source resistance, a single-turn average resistance of the primary winding and a single-turn inductance of the magnetic core, and the second number of turns is determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, a magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, and a second number of turns. degree, an equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core and a target input voltage of the voltage amplifier, the target number of turns of the secondary winding is determined according to the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding and the single-turn average resistance of the secondary winding, the primary winding comprises a first tap and a second tap, the first tap is connected to the first output terminal of the signal source, the second tap is connected to the second output terminal of the signal source, the secondary winding comprises a positive tap, a negative tap and a center tap, the positive tap and the negative tap are both connected to the active amplifier, and the center tap is grounded; The active amplifier is used to amplify the signal source voltage according to the gain of the active amplifier, wherein the gain of the active amplifier is determined according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the target number of turns of the secondary winding.

2. The voltage amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that The secondary winding is located outside the primary winding. The primary winding is wound in a single-wire forward winding manner, and the secondary winding is wound in a double-wire parallel winding manner.

3. The voltage amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The primary winding and the secondary winding are both wound on the magnetic core using insulating enameled wire.

4. The voltage amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active amplifier includes a first-stage instrument amplifier circuit, a second-stage operational amplifier circuit and an AC / DC feedback circuit, wherein the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit includes an instrument amplifier integrated circuit, a first resistor and a first capacitor; the second-stage operational amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor; the AC / DC feedback circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a fourth resistor and a second capacitor, wherein the second resistor is the same as the third resistor.

5. The voltage amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic core is ≥10 5 .

6. The voltage amplifier according to claim 5, characterized in that The magnetic core includes a ring-shaped magnetic core.

7. A method for preparing a voltage amplifier, characterized in that: include: Determine a target number of turns of the primary winding according to at least one of a first number of turns and a second number of turns, wherein the first number of turns is determined according to a first preset cutoff frequency, a single-turn inductance of a magnetic core, a signal source resistance, and a single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, and the second number of turns is determined according to the signal source resistance, the single-turn average resistance of the primary winding, a magnetic field strength of the magnetic core, an equivalent magnetic path length of the magnetic core, and a target input voltage of a voltage amplifier; determining the resistance of the primary winding according to the target number of turns of the primary winding and the average resistance of a single turn of the primary winding; Based on a voltage noise threshold and a current noise threshold, determining a target number of turns of the secondary winding according to an equivalent input voltage noise, an equivalent input current noise, the signal source resistance, the resistance of the primary winding, and a single-turn average resistance of the secondary winding; Determining the gain of the active amplifier according to a preset overall gain value, a target number of turns of the primary winding, and a target number of turns of the secondary winding; The voltage amplifier is prepared according to the signal source resistance, the target number of turns of the primary winding, the target number of turns of the secondary winding, and the gain of the active amplifier.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: The resistance value of the first resistor and the capacitance value of the first capacitor are determined according to the second preset cut-off frequency and the first capacitance threshold.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: The resistance value of the fourth resistor and the capacitance value of the second capacitor are determined according to the first preset cut-off frequency and the second capacitance threshold.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: The gain of the first-stage instrument amplifier circuit is determined according to the gain of the active amplifier.

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