Method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under walnut forest

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, belonging to the field of agricultural planting technology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) soaking forage grass seeds in warm water and a selenium solution in sequence and then drying to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds; (2) mixing the pretreated forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage grass seeds; (3) mixing the coated forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and then sowing them under the walnut forest. The present invention can significantly improve the germination performance and growth performance of the forage grass seeds by pretreating and coating the forage grass seeds in warm water and a selenium solution. The present invention also mixes the forage grass seeds with crushed walnut leaves before sowing the forage grass seeds. The crushed walnut leaves can provide suitable environmental conditions and nutrients for the germination of the forage grass seeds, which is conducive to further improving the yield of forage grass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest. Background Art

[0002] Yunnan is one of the major walnut-producing regions, ranking among the top in terms of walnut production. However, the current walnut industry faces challenges such as a mixed variety of walnuts, low purity of improved varieties, high planting density, inadequate pest and disease control, difficult harvesting, and lagging development of deep-processing technologies. These issues result in low fruit set rates and yields, severely dampening farmers' enthusiasm for planting.

[0003] Planting forage grass under walnut forests can effectively utilize land resources, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and the growth of weeds, increase the output value per unit area and the yield of forage under the forest. It not only does not affect the normal growth and development of walnuts, but also provides feed raw materials for the development of animal husbandry and solves the problem of forage shortage.

[0004] There is no unified technical standard for planting forage grass under walnut forests. Therefore, in order to increase the economic income under the forests in walnut planting areas and promote the development of local animal husbandry, it is necessary to provide a method for planting forage grass under walnut forests to increase the industry's economic income and the enthusiasm of fruit farmers to plant. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, thereby increasing the economic income of the walnut industry and providing forage for the development of animal husbandry.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0009] (2) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage seeds;

[0010] (3) Mixing the coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and sowing them under the walnut forest.

[0011] Preferably, the forage seeds in step (1) are seeds of orchardgrass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchardgrass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7.

[0012] Preferably, the variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Madi, and the variety of the white clover is Mike.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the grass seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours; the temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50° C., and the concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.2.

[0015] Preferably, the coating agent in step (2) includes a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water, and the mass ratio of the nutrient, water-retaining agent, binder, film-forming agent and water is 8-12:1.5-2.5:1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:80-120.

[0016] Preferably, the nutrient comprises polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2; the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0017] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed is 8-12:30-50.

[0018] Preferably, the crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves and piling them for 25 to 35 days.

[0019] Preferably, the sowing time in step (3) is from August to October, and 20 to 30 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention significantly improves the germination and growth performance of forage grass seeds by pretreating and coating them in warm water and a selenium solution. The present invention also mixes the forage grass seeds with crushed walnut leaves before sowing. The crushed walnut leaves provide suitable environmental conditions and nutrients for the germination of the forage grass seeds, further increasing forage yield. This method improves the utilization rate of land beneath walnut forests, providing sufficient forage for the development of animal husbandry, and has promising application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention provides a method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0023] (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0024] (2) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage seeds;

[0025] (3) The coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) are mixed with crushed walnut leaves and then sown under the walnut forest.

[0026] In the present invention, the forage seeds in step (1) are seeds of orchardgrass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchardgrass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7, preferably 72-78:18-22:4-6, and more preferably 75:20:5.

[0027] In the present invention, the variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Maidi, and the variety of the white clover is Mike.

[0028] In the present invention, in step (1), the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours. Preferably, the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 18 to 22 minutes, and then soaked in the selenium solution for 7 to 9 hours. More preferably, the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 20 minutes, and then soaked in the selenium solution for 8 hours. The temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50° C., preferably 42 to 48° C., more preferably 44 to 46° C., and more preferably 45° C.; the concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L, preferably 7.5 to 8.5 mg / L, and more preferably 8 mg / L.

[0029] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.2, preferably 4.5-5.5:0.9-1.1, and more preferably 5:1.

[0030] In the present invention, the coating agent in step (2) includes a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water, and the mass ratio of the nutrient, water-retaining agent, binder, film-forming agent and water is 8-12:1.5-2.5:1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2:80-120, preferably 9-11:1.8-2.2:1.8-2.2:0.9-1.1:90-110, and more preferably 10:2:2:1:100.

[0031] In the present invention, the nutrient includes polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of polyaspartic acid to chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2, preferably 5.5-6.5:0.9-1.1, and more preferably 6:1; the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0032] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed in step (3) is 8-12:30-50, preferably 9-11:35-45, and more preferably 10:40.

[0033] In the present invention, the crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 25 to 35 days, and the crushed walnut leaves are preferably obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 28 to 32 days, and the crushed walnut leaves are preferably obtained after the walnut leaves are crushed and piled for 30 days.

[0034] In the present invention, the walnut leaves are preferably crushed to a particle size of 0.8 to 1.2 cm, more preferably crushed to a particle size of 0.9 to 1.1 cm, and even more preferably crushed to a particle size of 1 cm.

[0035] In the present invention, the sowing time in step (3) is from August to October, preferably in September; 20 to 30 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, preferably 22 to 28 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, further preferably 24 to 26 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter, and more preferably 25 g of coated grass seeds are sown per square meter.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The seeds of orchardgrass, ryegrass and white clover used in the following examples were purchased from Beijing Zhengdao Seed Industry Co., Ltd.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckweed (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi), and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 70:15:3 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0040] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) to warm water at a temperature of 40° C., which is 10 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 15 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 7 mg / L, which is 5 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 6 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0041] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent, and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of the polyaspartic acid to the chitosan oligosaccharide is 5:1; the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0042] (4) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (2) with the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage seeds;

[0043] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) were mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sowed under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the distance from the circumference of the walnut tree trunk during sowing was greater than 1 meter;

[0044] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) Mixing seeds of Dactylum glomerata (Denatha), Lolium perenne (Maidi), and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 80:25:7 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0048] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) to warm water at a temperature of 50° C., which is 10 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 25 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 9 mg / L, which is 5 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 10 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0049] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent, and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of the polyaspartic acid to the chitosan oligosaccharide is 7:1; the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0050] (4) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (2) with the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage seeds;

[0051] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) were mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sowed under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the distance from the circumference of the walnut tree trunk during sowing was greater than 1 meter;

[0052] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckweed (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi), and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 75:20:5 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0056] (2) adding the forage grass seeds obtained in step (1) to warm water at a temperature of 45° C., which is 10 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 20 minutes, then placing them in a selenium solution with a concentration of 8 mg / L, which is 5 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, and soaking for 8 hours, then taking them out and drying them at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds;

[0057] (3) mixing a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent, and water in a mass ratio of 10:2:2:1:100 to obtain a coating agent; wherein the nutrient is polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide, and the mass ratio of the polyaspartic acid to the chitosan oligosaccharide is 6:1; the water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide; the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol;

[0058] (4) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (2) with the coating agent obtained in step (3) in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain coated forage seeds;

[0059] (5) In September, the coated grass seeds obtained in step (4) were mixed with crushed walnut leaves in a mass ratio of 10:40 and then sowed under the walnut forest, with 25 g of the coated grass seeds per square meter, and the distance from the circumference of the walnut tree trunk during sowing was greater than 1 meter;

[0060] The crushed walnut leaves are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves into particles with a diameter of 1 cm and then piling them for 30 days.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (2), the forage grass seeds are directly placed in a selenium solution with a concentration of 8 mg / L and a volume of 5 times the mass of the forage grass seeds, soaked for 8 hours, taken out, and dried at room temperature to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds, without being soaked in warm water. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 3.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the composition of the coating agent nutrient used in step (3) is different. The nutrient used in this comparative example is polyaspartic acid, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that in step (5), the coated grass seeds are directly sown under the walnut forest at a dosage of 25 g per square meter without being mixed with the crushed walnut leaves. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, comprising the following steps:

[0069] (1) Mixing seeds of Duckweed (Amba), Lolium perenne (Maidi), and Trifolium repens (Mac) in a mass ratio of 75:20:5 to obtain forage grass seeds;

[0070] (2) Sowing the forage grass seeds obtained in step (2) at a rate of 20 g per square meter under the walnut forest, with the circumferential distance from the trunk of the walnut tree being greater than 1 meter.

[0071] Test example

[0072] Walnut forests with walnut trees over 6 years old were selected and divided into 21 plots with an area of ​​30 m 2 The plots were planted with forage grass according to the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, with each treatment repeated three times for a total of three years.

[0073] When the grass plant height grows to more than 35 cm, it is mowed, and the yield (fresh weight) of the grass obtained by the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in the first, second and third years of planting is counted, and the average value is taken. The statistical results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Statistical results of forage yield in each treatment group (fresh weight, kg / hm2) 2 )

[0075] Treatment group First year production Second year production Output in the third year Example 1 23053.45 70511.28 68254.92 Example 2 23364.61 70960.67 72061.65 Example 3 23817.08 72504.32 73780.40 Comparative Example 1 21349.87 62701.73 63171.99 Comparative Example 2 22350.13 64672.34 62557.42 Comparative Example 3 21982.75 62068.29 56591.17 Comparative Example 4 17531.34 48936.72 25526.48

[0076] As shown in Table 1, based on the yield of forage grass in the first year of planting, the forage grass yield obtained by Examples 1 to 3 and the method of Comparative Example 3 was significantly increased compared to Comparative Example 4, indicating that the present invention's pretreatment and coating of forage grass seeds is beneficial for promoting forage grass seed growth. Compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 3's method of first soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and then soaking them in a selenium solution significantly increased forage grass yield, indicating that the warm water soaking treatment helps break seed dormancy, enhances the penetration of the selenium solution into the seeds, and further improves seed activity. Compared to Comparative Example 2, Example 3 also added chitosan oligosaccharides to the coating agent. The addition of chitosan oligosaccharides can improve the forage grass seeds' resistance to stress and help improve seed survival rate and growth. Compared to Comparative Example 3, Example 3 also mixed the forage grass seeds with crushed walnut leaves before sowing. The crushed walnut leaves can provide nutrients for the germination and growth of the forage grass seeds and also provide a suitable growth environment for the germination of the forage grass seeds, thereby improving forage grass yield. According to the yield of forage grass in the second and third years of planting, the yield of forage grass obtained by the methods of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 is much higher than that of the first year. The yield of forage grass in the third year of planting in Comparative Example 4 is significantly lower than that of the second year, indicating that the method of the present invention can not only increase the yield of forage grass planting, but also has a certain degree of effect of improving the soil of walnut forest.

[0077] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting multiple varieties of forage grass under a walnut forest, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) soaking the forage grass seeds in warm water and selenium solution in sequence and then drying them to obtain pretreated forage grass seeds; (2) mixing the pretreated forage seeds obtained in step (1) with a coating agent to obtain coated forage seeds; (3) mixing the coated grass seeds obtained in step (2) with crushed walnut leaves and scattering the mixture under the walnut forest; Wherein, the forage seeds in step (1) are seeds of orchardgrass, ryegrass and white clover, and the mass ratio of orchardgrass seeds, ryegrass seeds and white clover seeds is 70-80:15-25:3-7; In step (1), the forage seeds are first soaked in warm water for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaked in a selenium solution for 6 to 10 hours; the temperature of the warm water is 40 to 50° C., and the concentration of the selenium solution is 7 to 9 mg / L; The coating agent in step (2) includes a nutrient, a water-retaining agent, a binder, a film-forming agent and water; the nutrient includes polyaspartic acid and chitosan oligosaccharide.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The variety of the orchard grass is Denata or Amba, the variety of the ryegrass is Madi, and the variety of the white clover is Mike.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the pretreated forage seeds and the coating agent when mixed in step (2) is 4-6:0.8-1.

2.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the nutrient agent, water-retaining agent, adhesive, film-forming agent and water in step (2) is 8~12:1.5~2.5:1.5~2.5:0.8~1.2:80~120.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The mass ratio of the polyaspartic acid to the chitosan oligosaccharide is 5-7:0.8-1.2; the water-retaining agent is potassium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide; the adhesive is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; and the film-forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step (3), the mass ratio of the coated grass seeds and the crushed walnut leaves when mixed is 8-12:30-50.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The crushed walnut leaves in step (3) are obtained by crushing the walnut leaves and piling them for 25 to 35 days.