Method and device for preventing leakage of bone cement, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method and device for preventing bone cement leakage, an electronic device and a storage medium, the method comprising: determining, from historical cases, a first surgical method and a first material parameter of a postoperative bone that match the condition information of a current patient, the first surgical method comprising a first surgical parameter; simulating, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameter and a preoperative three-dimensional model of a fractured vertebral body of the current patient, a diffusion condition after bone cement is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, to obtain a first predicted morphology representing the diffusion condition of the bone cement; using an evaluation model, evaluating the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology to obtain a baseline evaluation score; and adjusting the first surgical parameter based on the baseline evaluation score and aiming to improve the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method. Using the method of the present disclosure can reduce the risk of bone cement leakage and effectively prevent bone cement leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of data processing, and in particular to a method and device for preventing bone cement leakage, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of medical technology, surgery to treat vertebral fractures is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice. This surgery involves injecting bone cement into the fractured vertebra to strengthen the vertebral body, thereby alleviating the patient's pain and improving their quality of life.

[0003] However, this surgery may be associated with a series of complications related to bone cement injection, one of the most common of which is bone cement leakage. Bone cement injection relies on the surgeon's experience and touch, lacking precise control and monitoring methods. Due to its fluidity and injection pressure, bone cement can easily leak outward through fractures, bone defects, or puncture channels on the vertebral body. This leakage not only causes mechanical compression and thermal damage to surrounding tissues, but can also lead to a series of serious complications, such as nerve root injury, spinal cord compression, and pulmonary embolism. Bone cement leakage not only causes physical damage to the patient, but also affects the patient's mood. Therefore, the probability of bone cement leakage should be minimized. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure proposes a solution to prevent bone cement leakage.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for preventing bone cement leakage is provided, comprising: determining, from historical cases, a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the current patient's condition information, the first surgical method including first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the current patient's fractured vertebra, to obtain a first predicted morphology that characterizes the diffusion of bone cement; using an evaluation model, based on the first predicted morphology, evaluating the first surgical method to obtain a benchmark evaluation score; and adjusting the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score, with the purpose of improving the evaluation score, to obtain a target surgical method.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the first surgical parameters are adjusted based on the benchmark evaluation score for the purpose of improving the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method, including: obtaining multiple candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after being injected into the body according to each candidate surgical method based on each candidate surgical method, and correspondingly obtaining multiple second predicted forms that characterize the diffusion of bone cement; using the evaluation model to evaluate each candidate surgical method based on each second predicted form to obtain a scoring result for each candidate surgical method; and selecting the candidate surgical method corresponding to the scoring result with the highest value that is higher than the benchmark evaluation score as the target surgical method.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the current patient's medical condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the method further includes: determining the first coordinates of each of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the direction of spinal arrangement in the first preoperative image; determining a dividing line based on each of the first coordinates; using the dividing line to cut out the fractured vertebral image from the first preoperative image; and using the fractured vertebral image to perform modeling to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0008] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image of a single historical patient. The method further includes: based on the second postoperative image of each historical patient, correspondingly determining the second actual form of the bone cement after the operation of each historical patient; based on the second surgical method, the second preoperative image, and the second actual form corresponding to each historical patient, determining the second material parameters of the postoperative bone of each historical patient, and updating each second material parameter to the corresponding historical case.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining a first actual form of the current patient's postoperative bone cement based on the current patient's postoperative images; simulating the diffusion of the bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, to obtain a third predicted form characterizing the diffusion of the bone cement; determining the difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form; calibrating the first material parameters based on the difference to obtain calibrated material parameters; establishing a historical case of the current patient, and storing the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: constructing a mechanical analysis model based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the current patient's fractured vertebra; using the mechanical analysis model, based on the first actual form, simulating the stress of the postoperative fractured vertebra under various working conditions, and obtaining the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the postoperative fractured vertebra under each working condition as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: the second medical condition information, the second surgical method, and the second material parameters of the postoperative bone of a single historical patient; the medical condition information of the current patient includes: the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient; and determining the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the medical condition information of the current patient includes: determining, from each of the historical cases, a historical case corresponding to at least one second medical condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient as a candidate case; and obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate case.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a device for preventing bone cement leakage is provided, the device comprising:

[0013] A first surgical method and material parameter determination unit, configured to determine, from historical cases, a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the condition information of the current patient, wherein the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters;

[0014] a first predicted morphology determining unit configured to simulate, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, the diffusion of bone cement after the bone cement is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, thereby obtaining a first predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0015] a benchmark evaluation score determining unit, configured to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an evaluation model to obtain a benchmark evaluation score;

[0016] The target surgical method determining unit is configured to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score and with the purpose of improving the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the target surgical method determination unit is further configured to:

[0018] obtaining a plurality of candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters;

[0019] Based on each of the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each of the candidate surgical methods, and correspondingly obtaining a plurality of second predicted forms representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0020] Using the evaluation model, based on each second predicted form, correspondingly evaluating each candidate surgical method to obtain a scoring result for each candidate surgical method;

[0021] The candidate surgical method corresponding to the scoring result having the highest value and higher than the benchmark evaluation score is used as the target surgical method.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the device further includes:

[0023] A first coordinate determining unit is configured to determine the first coordinates of each of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the direction of the spine arrangement in the first preoperative image;

[0024] a dividing line determining unit, configured to determine a dividing line based on each of the first coordinates;

[0025] a fractured vertebral image determining unit, configured to segment the fractured vertebral image from the first preoperative image using the segmentation line;

[0026] The preoperative three-dimensional model determination unit is used to perform modeling using the fractured vertebral image to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image of a single historical patient, and the device further includes:

[0028] A second actual shape determining unit is configured to determine, based on a second postoperative image of each historical patient, a second actual shape of the bone cement after surgery for each historical patient;

[0029] The second material parameter determination unit is used to determine the second material parameters of the postoperative bones of each historical patient based on the second surgical method, second preoperative image, and second actual morphology corresponding to each historical patient, and update each second material parameter to the corresponding historical case.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0031] A first actual shape determining unit is configured to determine a first actual shape of the bone cement after surgery of the current patient based on the postoperative image of the current patient;

[0032] a third predicted morphology determining unit configured to simulate, based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method, thereby obtaining a third predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0033] a difference determining unit, configured to determine a difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form;

[0034] a first material parameter calibration unit, configured to calibrate the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain a calibrated material parameter;

[0035] The current patient material parameter and surgical method storage unit is used to establish a historical case of the current patient and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0037] A mechanical analysis model construction unit is used to construct a mechanical analysis model based on a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient;

[0038] The working condition simulation unit is used to use the mechanical analysis model to simulate the stress of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions based on the first actual form, and obtain the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0039] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: second condition information, a second surgical method, and second material parameters of the postoperative bone of a single historical patient; the condition information of the current patient includes: first basic information of the current patient, a first condition description, and the first surgical method and material parameter determination unit, further configured to:

[0040] Determine, from the historical cases, a historical case corresponding to at least one second condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first condition description of the current patient as a candidate case;

[0041] The first surgical method and the first material parameter are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameter in the candidate case.

[0042] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above method when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0043] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, wherein the computer program instructions implement the above method when executed by a processor.

[0044] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying the computer-readable code. When the computer-readable code runs in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device executes the above method.

[0045] The present disclosure combines prior experience to determine a first surgical method and first material parameters that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases. Since the first surgical method and first material parameters have been used by patients with similar conditions to the current patient, although they are not necessarily the most suitable for the current patient, they are more reference-oriented than the surgical method and material parameters subjectively estimated by the doctor. Then, a preoperative simulation is performed to predict the first morphology of bone cement diffusion after the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters is injected using the first surgical method. In addition, the first predicted morphology is scored using an evaluation model to obtain a baseline evaluation score; the baseline evaluation score is used as a baseline, and the first surgical parameters are adjusted with the purpose of improving the evaluation score to improve the evaluation score of the adjusted surgical plan. Therefore, the target surgical method is more suitable for the first material parameters and the current patient's condition (bone, condition) than the first surgical method. In this way, the target surgical method and target material parameters determined using the method of the present disclosure embodiment can meet the requirements of matching the surgical method, material parameters, and the patient's own condition as much as possible, reduce the risk of bone cement leakage, and effectively prevent bone cement leakage.

[0046] Further features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a device for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0052] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0053] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed description to better illustrate the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the main points of the present disclosure.

[0054] Surgery to treat vertebral fractures is becoming increasingly common in clinical practice. This procedure involves injecting bone cement into the fractured vertebra to strengthen the vertebra, thereby relieving pain and improving the patient's quality of life.

[0055] However, this surgery can be associated with a series of complications related to bone cement injection, one of the most common of which is bone cement leakage. A surgical technique that is not suitable for the patient's condition, a bone cement component that is not suitable for the patient's condition, a mismatch between the surgical technique and the bone cement component, or a mismatch between the surgical technique, the bone cement component, and the patient's condition can all lead to bone cement leakage, causing pain to the patient.

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of preventing bone cement leakage provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0057] S11, determining a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases, wherein the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters.

[0058] The first surgical method may be a surgical method used in historical cases to treat a vertebral fracture in a patient with a spinal fracture. The surgical method includes surgical parameters. The first surgical method may include first surgical parameters. The first surgical parameters include: the injection angle, injection point location, injection volume, injection speed, injection method, etc. of the bone cement.

[0059] After surgery, the bone is injected with bone cement. Thus, the postoperative bone comprises the bone itself and the bone cement. The first material parameters may include parameters characterizing the bone properties of the fractured vertebra, such as the density of cortical bone, the porosity of cancellous bone, and the viscosity coefficient. The first material parameters may also include parameters characterizing the properties of the injected bone cement, such as the density and viscosity of the bone cement.

[0060] The medical condition information can be a patient profile of the current patient. This information can include basic patient information and a description of the condition. Basic information can include name, gender, age, and duration of illness. The description of the condition can include textual records of fracture type, fracture location, bone parameters, and preoperative imaging.

[0061] Historical cases can be cases of patients including the current patient. Historical cases can be data saved before the first surgical method was determined. Historical cases can include basic information, condition descriptions, bone cement parameters, etc. of other patients, as well as basic information of the current patient, descriptions of the current patient's condition before the current treatment, and bone cement parameters used before the current treatment. In one example, a historical case can include: a second condition information of the historical patient, a second surgical method, second material parameters of the postoperative bone, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image.

[0062] Thus, based on the condition information of the current patient, the first surgical method and the first material parameter that match the condition information of the current patient can be determined from historical cases.

[0063] S12, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method to obtain a first predicted morphology that characterizes the diffusion of bone cement.

[0064] After bone cement is injected into bone, it spreads and forms a mass. Feature points can be specified along the edge of the mass, or feature points whose pixel values ​​differ from those of surrounding pixels by a threshold can be identified from the mass image. The diffusion pattern of the bone cement can include the distance vectors from these feature points to the injection point. The diffusion pattern of the bone cement can also include the shape of the mass.

[0065] For ease of description, the bone cement diffusion morphology predicted before surgery for the current patient based on a first surgical method, first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebral body can be named a first predicted morphology. The first predicted morphology can represent the estimated diffusion of bone cement after the first surgical method is used and the bone cement configured according to the first surgical parameters is injected into the fractured vertebral body.

[0066] S13: Using an evaluation model, based on the first predicted morphology, evaluate the first surgical method to obtain a benchmark evaluation score.

[0067] In the disclosed embodiments, an evaluation model can be pre-set. The evaluation model can be an artificial intelligence model, for example, a deep learning model. The evaluation model can evaluate the surgical approach based on the diffusion morphology of the bone cement. The evaluation results can be expressed as a score.

[0068] In the disclosed embodiment, an evaluation model can be used to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology to obtain an evaluation score. For ease of description, the evaluation score of the first surgical method is named the baseline evaluation score. The baseline evaluation score is negatively correlated with the risk of bone cement leakage. The baseline evaluation score can reflect the degree of match between the surgical method, the composition of the bone cement, and the patient's own condition, and the baseline evaluation score is positively correlated with the degree of match.

[0069] S14, based on the benchmark evaluation score and with the purpose of improving the evaluation score, adjusting the first surgical parameters to obtain a target surgical method.

[0070] The first surgical method may include a first surgical parameter. Thus, a variety of new surgical methods derived from the first surgical method can be obtained by changing the first surgical parameter. In the embodiment disclosed herein, the first surgical parameter can be automatically or manually adjusted with the benchmark evaluation score as the lowest baseline for the purpose of improving the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method that achieves the purpose. The target surgical method is more in line with the current patient's condition. Moreover, the target surgical method has a higher evaluation score, so the target surgical method is more compatible with the first material parameter and the patient's own condition, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage.

[0071] The present disclosure combines prior experience to determine a first surgical method and first material parameters that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases. Since the first surgical method and first material parameters have been used by patients with similar conditions to the current patient, although they are not necessarily the most suitable for the current patient, they are more reference-oriented than the surgical method and material parameters subjectively estimated by the doctor. Then, a preoperative simulation is performed to predict the first morphology of bone cement diffusion after the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters is injected using the first surgical method. In addition, the first predicted morphology is scored using an evaluation model to obtain a baseline evaluation score; the baseline evaluation score is used as a baseline, and the first surgical parameters are adjusted with the purpose of improving the evaluation score to improve the evaluation score of the adjusted surgical plan. Therefore, the target surgical method is more suitable for the first material parameters and the current patient's condition (bone, condition) than the first surgical method. In this way, the target surgical method and target material parameters determined using the method of the present disclosure embodiment can meet the requirements of matching the surgical method, material parameters, and the patient's own condition as much as possible, reduce the risk of bone cement leakage, and effectively prevent bone cement leakage.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the first surgical parameter is adjusted based on the benchmark evaluation score for the purpose of improving the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method, including: obtaining a plurality of candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each candidate surgical method based on each candidate surgical method, and correspondingly obtaining a plurality of second predicted forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement; using the evaluation model to evaluate each candidate surgical method based on each second predicted form to obtain a scoring result for each candidate surgical method; and selecting the candidate surgical method corresponding to the scoring result with the highest value that is higher than the benchmark evaluation score as the target surgical method.

[0073] As mentioned above, the first surgical method includes a first surgical parameter. Thus, by adjusting the first surgical parameter, a plurality of different first surgical parameters can be obtained. The surgical method including the adjusted first surgical parameter can be used as a candidate surgical method. In this way, a plurality of candidate surgical methods can be obtained. In the embodiment disclosed herein, the second predicted morphology of bone cement diffusion after the bone cement characterized by the first material parameter is injected according to the candidate surgical method can be simulated separately. The second predicted morphology can represent the speculated diffusion after the bone cement configured according to the first surgical parameter is injected into the fractured vertebral body using the candidate surgical method. Each candidate surgical method can correspond to a second predicted morphology. Each second predicted morphology is evaluated using the aforementioned evaluation model, and each candidate surgical method can correspond to a scoring result, which can represent the degree of compliance of the candidate surgical method with the first material parameter and the current patient's condition. For example, the numerical value of the scoring result can be positively correlated with the degree of compliance.

[0074] If the highest score is higher than the baseline assessment score, the candidate surgical procedure corresponding to the score is not only more suitable for the patient's condition and material parameters than the first surgical procedure, but is also the most suitable surgical procedure among the multiple candidate surgical procedures. Therefore, this candidate surgical procedure can be selected as the target surgical procedure for the bone cement injection procedure characterized by the first material parameters. The target surgical procedure matches both the patient's condition and the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the current patient's medical condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the method further includes: determining the first coordinates of each of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the direction of spinal arrangement in the first preoperative image; determining a dividing line based on each of the first coordinates; using the dividing line to cut out the fractured vertebral image from the first preoperative image; and using the fractured vertebral image to perform modeling to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0076] As mentioned above, the medical description may include the location of the fracture. The identifier of the vertebra where the fracture occurred may be recorded in the medical description. For example, if the fracture occurred at the second lumbar vertebra, the letter L may be used to represent the lumbar vertebra and the Arabic numeral 2 may be used to represent the second vertebra. Thus, L2 may be recorded in the medical description.

[0077] Exemplarily, a segmentation model can be used to segment the superior articular process and inferior articular process of each vertebra based on the first preoperative image of the current patient, and record the vertebral identifiers corresponding to each superior articular process and each inferior articular process. The fracture location is obtained from the description of the condition, and according to the fracture location, the superior articular process and inferior articular process corresponding to the fractured vertebra, the upper vertebra adjacent to the fractured vertebra, and the lower vertebra are determined from the segmented superior articular processes and inferior articular processes. Then, the upper segmentation line can be determined based on the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the upper vertebra. The lower segmentation line can be determined based on the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the lower vertebra. The fractured vertebra image is cut out from the first preoperative image according to the upper segmentation line and the lower segmentation line.

[0078] For example: the coordinates of the geometric center of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra, the coordinates of the geometric center of the inferior articular process of the upper vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the upper vertebra, and the geometric center of the superior articular process of the lower vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the lower vertebra; then, based on the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the upper vertebra, a first connecting line is determined, and the perpendicular midline of the first connecting line is used as the upper dividing line; based on the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the lower vertebra, a second connecting line is determined, and the perpendicular midline of the second connecting line is used as the lower dividing line. The above is only an example, and the disclosed embodiment does not limit the method for determining the dividing line.

[0079] Exemplarily, the position of the fractured vertebra can be determined in the first preoperative image in response to the received fractured vertebra positioning instruction. The fractured vertebra positioning instruction can be issued by the doctor roughly framing the fractured vertebra on the image. In the upward direction of the position adjacent to the fractured vertebra, the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the inferior articular process of the upper vertebra are identified; in the downward direction of the position adjacent to the fractured vertebra, the inferior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the superior articular process of the lower vertebra are identified. The lower dividing line can be determined based on the inferior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the superior articular process of the lower vertebra. The fractured vertebra image is cut out from the first preoperative image based on the upper dividing line and the lower dividing line.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, modeling software or a pre-trained model can be used to perform three-dimensional modeling based on the fracture vertebral image to obtain a preoperative three-dimensional model. The modeling process is not the focus of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure will not go into detail about this. In addition, after three-dimensional modeling, the surface smoothness of the obtained three-dimensional model can be evaluated. When the smoothness is less than the smoothness threshold, the three-dimensional model is updated until the smoothness of each surface of the three-dimensional model is not less than the smoothness threshold, and the final three-dimensional model is used as the preoperative three-dimensional model. In this way, each surface of the preoperative three-dimensional model meets the preset requirements (not less than the smoothness threshold), thereby improving the accuracy of bone cement diffusion simulation.

[0081] In related technologies, manual segmentation lines are required to accurately segment the fractured vertebrae. However, the method of the disclosed embodiments can achieve fully automatic segmentation of fractured vertebrae images, or can complete the segmentation of fractured vertebrae images by only manually specifying the approximate location of the fractured vertebrae, without the need for precise location. This reduces manual workload and improves the efficiency of building 3D models.

[0082] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image of a single historical patient. The method further includes: determining the second actual form of the bone cement after the surgery of each historical patient based on the second postoperative image of each historical patient; determining the second material parameters of the postoperative bone of each historical patient based on the second surgical method, the second preoperative image, and the second actual form corresponding to each historical patient, and updating each second material parameter to the corresponding historical case.

[0083] The historical cases may be stored in a historical case library. Each historical case in the historical case library may include a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, a second postoperative image, and a follow-up visit information of a single historical patient.

[0084] After a patient undergoes surgery, a follow-up visit can be conducted to record their movements and feelings, creating a follow-up log. For example, one month after surgery, the patient can record the movements they made when experiencing discomfort at the fracture site, as well as the location of the discomfort. This information can be used as follow-up information.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the actual morphology of postoperative bone cement diffusion in a historical patient can be identified based on a second postoperative image of the historical patient. For ease of description, this actual morphology is named a second actual morphology. The second actual morphology may include the shape of the bone cement mass in the historical patient. The second actual morphology may include a distance vector from a feature point on the bone cement mass in the historical patient to the injection point. The second actual morphology may represent the actual diffusion of bone cement after the bone cement configured according to the second surgical parameters is injected into the fractured vertebral body using a second surgical method.

[0086] Then, by simulating the inverse process of bone cement diffusion in vivo, the corresponding material parameters (bone and bone cement parameters) of the historical patient can be inferred based on the second actual morphology and the second surgical method, thereby obtaining the initial second material parameters. Based on the second preoperative image, the fractured vertebra of the historical patient can be modeled to obtain a fractured vertebral model of the historical patient, which is designated as the first vertebral model for ease of description. Based on the initial second material parameters, the second surgical method, and the first vertebral model, a fourth predicted morphology of bone cement diffusion after bone cement characterized by the initial second material parameters is injected into the historical patient using the second surgical method is simulated. The fourth predicted morphology can include the predicted shape of the bone cement mass in the historical patient. The second actual morphology can include the predicted distance vector from a feature point on the bone cement mass to the injection point in the historical patient. The fourth predicted morphology can represent the predicted diffusion of bone cement configured according to the second surgical parameters after injection into the fractured vertebra using the second surgical method. Based on the difference between the fourth predicted morphology and the second actual morphology of the same historical patient, the initial second material parameters are corrected to obtain the second material parameters. The second material parameters are then updated in the corresponding historical case.

[0087] As mentioned above, the material parameters of the patient include parameters that characterize the bone properties of the fractured vertebra, and the parameters that characterize the bone properties may include microscopic parameters, which are not easy to obtain through detection or imaging. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the second material parameters of historical patients. Using the method in the embodiment of the present disclosure, not only can the initial second material parameters be obtained by calculation, but also the difference between the fourth predicted morphology and the second actual morphology of the same historical patient can be used to correct the initial second material parameters and obtain accurate second material parameters. In this way, the accuracy of the second material parameters is improved, thereby improving the matching degree of the first surgical method, the first material parameters and the current patient condition.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining a first actual form of the current patient's postoperative bone cement based on the current patient's postoperative images; simulating the diffusion of the bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, to obtain a third predicted form characterizing the diffusion of the bone cement; determining the difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form; calibrating the first material parameters based on the difference to obtain calibrated material parameters; establishing a historical case of the current patient, and storing the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0089] The first actual shape may be the shape of the bone cement in the patient's body after surgery. The first actual shape may include the shape of the bone cement mass in the patient's body. The first actual shape may include the distance vector from a feature point on the bone cement mass in the patient's body to the injection point.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diffusion morphology of the bone cement mass after the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters is injected into the current patient's body according to the target surgical method can be simulated. For the sake of convenience of description, this diffusion morphology is named the third predicted morphology. The third predicted morphology may include the predicted morphology of the bone cement in the body of the current patient after the surgery. The third predicted morphology may include the predicted distance vector from the characteristic point on the bone cement mass in the current patient's body to the injection point. The third predicted morphology can characterize the speculated diffusion situation after the bone cement configured according to the first surgical parameters is injected into the fractured vertebra using the target surgical method.

[0091] In the disclosed embodiments, the difference can represent a difference in shape between a predicted bone cement briquette and the actual bone cement briquette for the current patient, or a difference in distance vector between the predicted bone cement briquette, the same feature point on the actual bone cement briquette, and the injection point. Using the difference in the disclosed embodiments, the first material parameter can be calibrated to obtain calibrated material parameters. A case history is created for the current patient, and the target surgical method and calibrated material parameters are stored in the patient's case history.

[0092] In practice, during surgery, doctors can adjust bone cement parameters based on the patient's actual bone condition. The patient's bone condition may not fully align with the initial material parameters, and the parameters of the bone cement used during surgery may not fully align with the initial material parameters. This calibrated material parameters are thus more consistent with the patient's actual bone condition and the bone cement used during surgery, making the patient's historical case more accurate.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: constructing a mechanical analysis model based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the current patient's fractured vertebra; using the mechanical analysis model, based on the first actual form, simulating the stress of the postoperative fractured vertebra under various working conditions, and obtaining the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the postoperative fractured vertebra under each working condition as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient can be established based on the postoperative images of the current patient.

[0095] Alternatively, in the process of obtaining the third predicted morphology (the process of simulating the diffusion morphology of the bone cement mass after the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters is injected into the current patient's body according to the target surgical method), a three-dimensional model of the current patient's fractured vertebra will be established. This model can be used as the postoperative three-dimensional model of the current patient's fractured vertebra, which can improve the efficiency of constructing the mechanical analysis model.

[0096] The working conditions here can refer to various scenarios in which a patient uses the fractured vertebra after surgery, such as bending, reaching for objects from a height, and various sitting postures. Working conditions can refer to one or more stress parameters experienced by the fractured vertebra. These stress parameters can include compression, tension, shear, bending, torsion, and dynamic loads. Each working condition corresponds to the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution within the fractured vertebra.

[0097] In the disclosed embodiment, the stress and strain of the fractured vertebrae under various working conditions after surgery can be simulated, as well as the distribution of bone cement in the fractured vertebrae, so as to formulate a postoperative recovery plan for the current patient, improve the accuracy of the postoperative recovery plan, and improve its matching degree with the current patient.

[0098] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: the second medical condition information, the second surgical method, and the second material parameters of the postoperative bone of a single historical patient; the medical condition information of the current patient includes: the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient; and determining the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the medical condition information of the current patient includes: determining, from each of the historical cases, a historical case corresponding to at least one second medical condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient as a candidate case; and obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate case.

[0099] The medical condition information may include the patient's basic information and a description of the condition. The description may include a textual record of the condition and preoperative images. The medical condition information may also include postoperative images. The second medical condition information may include the patient's second basic information and a second description of the condition.

[0100] The second description of the condition may include a second text record and a second preoperative image. The first record of the condition may include a first text record and a first preoperative image.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first basic information and the second basic information can be text records, thereby matching the second basic information that is most similar to the first basic information in each second basic information based on keywords. The first condition description and the second condition description can be text records and image records. Thus, the second condition description that is most similar to the first condition description can be determined based on keywords, and the second image feature vector can be extracted from the second preoperative image, and the first image feature vector can be extracted from the first preoperative image. Then, the second preoperative image corresponding to the second image feature vector that is most similar to the first image feature vector is determined. The historical case to which the second basic information that is most similar to the first basic information belongs, the historical case to which the second condition description that is most similar to the first condition description belongs, and the historical case to which the second preoperative image corresponding to the second image feature vector that is most similar to the first image feature vector belongs can be determined as candidate cases.

[0102] Method 1: When the number of candidate cases is one, the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate case are used as the first surgical method and the first material parameters.

[0103] Method 2: When there are more than one candidate cases, a candidate case may be randomly selected, and the second surgical method and second material parameters of the randomly selected candidate case may be used as the first surgical method and the first material parameters.

[0104] Method three: The doctor can adjust the second surgical method and the second material parameters determined by method one or method two to obtain the first surgical method and the first material parameters.

[0105] The above is merely an example, and the present disclosure does not limit the specific method for obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters.

[0106] In the disclosed embodiment, the current patient's basic information and condition information are used to match candidate cases from historical cases, taking into account a more comprehensive set of factors and improving the accuracy of the matching operation. Furthermore, the matching is performed not only using text records but also images, ensuring that the candidate cases are as closely aligned with the current patient as possible. This improves the degree of match between the first surgical method and the first material parameters and the current patient.

[0107] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device for preventing bone cement leakage provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 As shown, the device 20 includes:

[0108] A first surgical method and material parameter determination unit 21 is configured to determine a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that are consistent with the patient's condition information from historical cases, wherein the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters;

[0109] a first predicted shape determining unit 22 configured to simulate, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, the diffusion of bone cement after the bone cement is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, thereby obtaining a first predicted shape representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0110] a benchmark evaluation score determination unit 23 , configured to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an evaluation model to obtain a benchmark evaluation score;

[0111] The target surgical method determining unit 24 is configured to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score and with the goal of improving the evaluation score, thereby obtaining a target surgical method.

[0112] In a possible implementation, the target surgical method determination unit 23 is further configured to:

[0113] obtaining a plurality of candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters;

[0114] Based on each of the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each of the candidate surgical methods, and correspondingly obtaining a plurality of second predicted forms representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0115] Using the evaluation model, based on each second predicted form, correspondingly evaluating each candidate surgical method to obtain a scoring result for each candidate surgical method;

[0116] The candidate surgical method corresponding to the scoring result having the highest value and higher than the benchmark evaluation score is used as the target surgical method.

[0117] In a possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the device 20 further includes:

[0118] A first coordinate determining unit is configured to determine the first coordinates of each of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the direction of the spine arrangement in the first preoperative image;

[0119] a dividing line determining unit, configured to determine a dividing line based on each of the first coordinates;

[0120] a fractured vertebral image determining unit, configured to segment the fractured vertebral image from the first preoperative image using the segmentation line;

[0121] The preoperative three-dimensional model determination unit is used to perform modeling using the fractured vertebral image to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image of a single historical patient, and the device 20 further includes:

[0123] A second actual shape determining unit is configured to determine, based on a second postoperative image of each historical patient, a second actual shape of the bone cement after surgery for each historical patient;

[0124] The second material parameter determination unit is used to determine the second material parameters of the postoperative bones of each historical patient based on the second surgical method, second preoperative image, and second actual morphology corresponding to each historical patient, and update each second material parameter to the corresponding historical case.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the apparatus 20 further includes:

[0126] A first actual shape determining unit is configured to determine a first actual shape of the bone cement after surgery of the current patient based on the postoperative image of the current patient;

[0127] a third predicted morphology determining unit configured to simulate, based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method, thereby obtaining a third predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement;

[0128] a difference determining unit, configured to determine a difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form;

[0129] a first material parameter calibration unit, configured to calibrate the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain a calibrated material parameter;

[0130] The current patient material parameter and surgical method storage unit is used to establish a historical case of the current patient and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0131] In a possible implementation, the apparatus 20 further includes:

[0132] A mechanical analysis model construction unit is used to construct a mechanical analysis model based on a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient;

[0133] The working condition simulation unit is used to use the mechanical analysis model to simulate the stress of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions based on the first actual form, and obtain the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0134] In a possible implementation, a single historical case includes: second condition information, a second surgical method, and second material parameters of the postoperative bone of a single historical patient; the condition information of the current patient includes: first basic information and a first condition description of the current patient; and the first surgical method and material parameter determination unit 21 is further configured to:

[0135] Determine, from the historical cases, a historical case corresponding to at least one second condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first condition description of the current patient as a candidate case;

[0136] The first surgical method and the first material parameter are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameter in the candidate case.

[0137] In some embodiments, the functions or modules included in the device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to execute the method described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can refer to the description of the above method embodiments. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0138] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions implement the above method when executed by a processor. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.

[0139] An embodiment of the present disclosure further proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above method when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0140] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer program product, including computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable code. When the computer-readable code runs in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device executes the above method.

[0141] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for preventing bone cement leakage provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the electronic device 1900 can be provided as a server or a terminal device. Figure 3 The electronic device 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and a memory resource represented by a memory 1932 for storing instructions executable by the processing component 1922, such as an application. The application stored in the memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. In addition, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute the instructions to perform the above-described method.

[0142] The electronic device 1900 may further include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of the electronic device 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect the electronic device 1900 to a network, and an input / output interface 1958 (I / O interface). The electronic device 1900 may operate based on an operating system stored in the memory 1932, such as Windows Server 2003. TM , Mac OS X TM , Unix TM ,Linux TM , FreeBSD TM or similar.

[0143] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory 1932 including computer program instructions that can be executed by the processing component 1922 of the electronic device 1900 to perform the above method.

[0144] The present disclosure may be a system, method and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0145] A computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination thereof. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be construed as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through an electrical wire.

[0146] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions to be stored in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0147] The computer program instructions for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed entirely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., utilizing an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be personalized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions. The electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0148] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0149] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, thereby producing a machine, so that when these instructions are executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, a device is generated that implements the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, where these instructions cause the computer, programmable data processing device, and / or other device to operate in a specific manner. Thus, the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions for implementing various aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0150] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device so that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to implement the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0151] The flow charts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a part of a module, program segment or instruction, and the part of the module, program segment or instruction contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the prescribed logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the prescribed function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0152] While various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the foregoing description is intended to be illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or technological improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preventing bone cement leakage, characterized in that: include: Determining, from historical cases, a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that match the condition information of the current patient, wherein the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters, and the condition information includes: a description of the condition of the current patient; Based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, simulating the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method to obtain a first predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement; Using an evaluation model, based on the first predicted morphology, the first surgical method is evaluated to obtain a baseline evaluation score; Based on the benchmark evaluation score, and with the goal of improving the evaluation score, adjusting the first surgical parameter to obtain a target surgical method; The method further comprises: Determine the first actual shape of the current patient's postoperative bone cement based on the current patient's postoperative images; Based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, simulating the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method to obtain a third predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement; determining a difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form; calibrating the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain a calibrated material parameter; A historical case of the current patient is established, and the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method are stored in the historical case.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of adjusting the first surgical parameter based on the benchmark evaluation score and aiming to improve the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method includes: obtaining a plurality of candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters; Based on each of the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each of the candidate surgical methods, and correspondingly obtaining a plurality of second predicted forms representing the diffusion of the bone cement; Using the evaluation model, based on each second predicted form, correspondingly evaluating each candidate surgical method to obtain a scoring result for each candidate surgical method; The candidate surgical method corresponding to the scoring result having the highest value and higher than the benchmark evaluation score is used as the target surgical method.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the method further includes: In the spinal arrangement direction in the first preoperative image, determining the first coordinates of each of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location; Determining a segmentation line based on each of the first coordinates; Using the segmentation line, segmenting the fractured vertebral image from the first preoperative image; Modeling is performed using the fractured vertebral image to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image of a single historical patient, and the method further includes: Based on the second postoperative image of each historical patient, correspondingly determining a second actual shape of the bone cement after the operation of each historical patient; Based on the second surgical method, second preoperative image, and second actual morphology corresponding to each historical patient, the second material parameters of the postoperative bone of each historical patient are determined, and each second material parameter is updated to the corresponding historical case.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: Based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, a mechanical analysis model was constructed; The mechanical analysis model is used to simulate the stress of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions based on the first actual form, and the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions are obtained as a reference for postoperative recovery.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The single historical case includes: the second condition information, the second surgical method, and the second material parameter of the postoperative bone of the single historical patient; the current patient's condition information includes: the current patient's first basic information and the first condition description; the first surgical method and the first material parameter of the postoperative bone that are determined to match the current patient's condition information include: Determine, from the historical cases, a historical case corresponding to at least one second condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first condition description of the current patient as a candidate case; The first surgical method and the first material parameter are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameter in the candidate case.

7. A device for preventing bone cement leakage, characterized in that: include: A first surgical method and material parameter determination unit is configured to determine, from historical cases, a first surgical method and first material parameters of the postoperative bone that match the condition information of the current patient, wherein the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters, and the condition information includes a description of the condition of the current patient; a first predicted morphology determining unit configured to simulate, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, the diffusion of bone cement after the bone cement is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, thereby obtaining a first predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement; a benchmark evaluation score determining unit, configured to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an evaluation model to obtain a benchmark evaluation score; a target surgical method determining unit, configured to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score and with the goal of improving the evaluation score, to obtain a target surgical method; The device further comprises: A first actual shape determining unit is configured to determine a first actual shape of the bone cement after surgery of the current patient based on the postoperative image of the current patient; a third predicted morphology determining unit configured to simulate, based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method, thereby obtaining a third predicted morphology representing the diffusion of the bone cement; a difference determining unit, configured to determine a difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form; a first material parameter calibration unit, configured to calibrate the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain a calibrated material parameter; The current patient material parameter and surgical method storage unit is used to establish a historical case of the current patient and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

9. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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