Interlocking intramedullary nail

Abstract

The invention discloses a clavicle intramedullary nail which comprises a nail body and an expansion part, the nail body is of a hollow structure, the side wall of the nail body is of an expandable structure, a barb structure protrudes after the expandable structure is expanded, the expansion part is detachably arranged in the nail body in the axial direction of the nail body, and the side wall of the nail body can be expanded after the expansion part is expanded. According to the application, only a hole needs to be drilled in the clavicle surface to form the clavicle marrow cavity, the intramedullary nail is implanted, the intramedullary nail is of a hollow expandable structure and can be bent in the clavicle marrow cavity at will, after the intramedullary nail is implanted to a proper position, the intramedullary nail is pressurized, the intramedullary nail is expanded and fixed in the clavicle marrow cavity through the expansion piece, and a broken bone is fixed and reset; the whole locking intramedullary nail is made of absorbable materials, does not need to be taken out and does not need to be fixed through screws.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a locking intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] The clavicle is in an "S" shape and is located between the manubrium of the sternum and the acromion. It is the only bony support connecting the upper limbs to the trunk. The clavicle is located subcutaneously and superficially. It is prone to fractures when subjected to external forces. The incidence of clavicle fractures accounts for 5% to 10% of all fractures in the body, and most of them occur in children and young adults. The existing solutions generally use bone plates, bone screws, and clavicular intramedullary nails for fixation and reduction. When using bone plates for positioning, the incision is generally large, causing greater harm to the human body and slow healing after surgery; when using bone screws and clavicular intramedullary nails for positioning, because the clavicle is curved and the bone screws are straight, there are often some fracture locations where the thread passing through the fracture location is very short when the bone screws are driven in from either end of the clavicle. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure sufficient tightening force and it is difficult to position with one bone screw. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a locking intramedullary nail to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A locking intramedullary nail, comprising:

[0006] The nail body is a hollow structure, the side wall of the nail body is an expandable structure, and the expandable structure protrudes with a barb structure after expansion.

[0007] An expansion piece is detachably arranged in the nail body along the axial direction of the nail body, and the expansion piece can expand the side wall of the nail body after expansion.

[0008] Optionally, the nail body includes a plurality of ring bodies arranged along the axial direction, adjacent ring bodies are connected by connecting parts, the ring bodies are surrounded by a wave structure to form a ring shape, and the inner concave part of the ring body is provided with outward barbs.

[0009] Optionally, the wave structure of the ring body before expansion includes mutually adjacent wave crests and wave troughs, each wave crest of the ring body is tangent to the same circumscribed circle, each wave trough of the ring body is tangent to the same inscribed circle, the barbs are arranged at the wave troughs of the ring body, and after the ring body is expanded, the ring body is circular, and the barbs protrude from the ring body.

[0010] Optionally, the wave trough of one of the two adjacent ring bodies and the wave crest of the other ring body are substantially aligned with each other in the axial direction of the nail body.

[0011] Optionally, the barbs are arranged along the radial direction of the ring body, and the length of the barbs is less than or equal to the radial distance between the inscribed circle and the circumscribed circle.

[0012] Optionally, the expansion member is a balloon.

[0013] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail further comprises:

[0014] A guide wire is detachably arranged in the balloon along the axial direction of the nail body, and the guide needle is used to drive the intramedullary nail and the balloon to be inserted into the intramedullary cavity.

[0015] Optionally, it further comprises a nail head, wherein the nail head has a conical tip.

[0016] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail is formed by 3D printing.

[0017] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail is made of absorbable metal.

[0018] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: the present application only requires drilling a hole on the clavicle bone surface to form the clavicle medullary cavity and implanting an intramedullary nail. The intramedullary nail is a hollow expandable structure that can be bent at will in the clavicle medullary cavity. After being implanted in a suitable position, the intramedullary nail is pressurized by an expansion piece to expand and fix the intramedullary nail in the clavicle medullary cavity to fix and reposition the broken bone. The clavicle intramedullary nail is made of absorbable material as a whole and does not need to be removed, and does not need to be fixed with screws. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail in an unexpanded state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A half-section view of a locking intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail in an expanded state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nail body in an unexpanded state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a side view of a nail body in an unexpanded state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nail body in an expanded state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a side view of a nail body in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which an intramedullary nail is extended into the medullary cavity of the clavicle in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a state in which the intramedullary nail is implanted into the clavicle in an unexpanded state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of an intramedullary nail implanted into a clavicle in an expanded state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the intramedullary nail being finally implanted into the clavicle in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] in:

[0032] 01. clavicle; 011. clavicle medullary cavity; 1. intramedullary nail; 11. nail body; 111. ring body; 112. barb; 12. nail head; 2. expansion piece; 3. guide wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] This embodiment provides a locking intramedullary nail, such as Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the locking intramedullary nail includes a nail body 11 and an expansion member 2. The nail body 11 is a hollow structure. The side wall of the nail body 11 is an expandable structure. After the expandable structure is expanded, a barb 112 structure protrudes. The expansion member 2 is detachably arranged in the nail body 11 along the axial direction of the nail body 11. After the expansion member 2 is expanded, the side wall of the nail body 11 can be expanded.

[0038] In this embodiment, it is only necessary to drill a hole on the bone surface of the clavicle 01 to form the clavicle medullary cavity 011 and implant the intramedullary nail 1. After the intramedullary nail 1 is a hollow expandable structure and is implanted in a suitable position, the nail body 11 of the intramedullary nail 1 is pressurized by the expansion member 2 to expand the nail body 11, and the barb 112 structure is fixed in the clavicle medullary cavity 011 to fix and reposition the broken bone.

[0039] Optionally, the nail body 11 includes a plurality of ring bodies 111 arranged in the axial direction, and adjacent ring bodies 111 are connected by a connecting portion. The ring bodies 111 are surrounded by a wave structure to form a ring, and the inner concave part of the ring body 111 is provided with outward barbs 112. In this embodiment, the expandable structure is formed by a plurality of ring bodies 111 and the connecting portion. The ring body 111 is in a wave structure, which is convenient for the expansion of the ring body 111, and the barbs can be provided at the inner concave part to avoid affecting the implantation operation when the barbs are not extended. In this embodiment, the connecting portion can be of any structure, which serves the function of connecting adjacent ring bodies 111.

[0040] Optionally, the wave structure of the ring body 111 before expansion includes mutually adjacent wave crests and wave troughs, each wave crest of the ring body 111 is tangent to the same circumscribed circle, each wave trough of the ring body 111 is tangent to the same inscribed circle, and the barbs 112 are arranged at the wave troughs of the ring body 111. After the ring body 111 is expanded, the ring body 111 is circular, and the barbs 112 protrude from the ring body 111. The barbs 112 can penetrate into the inner wall of the medullary cavity of the clavicle, so that the intramedullary nail can grasp the inner wall of the medullary cavity, ensure the stability of the intramedullary nail implantation, and accelerate fracture healing.

[0041] Optionally, of two adjacent ring bodies 111 , the wave trough of one ring body 111 and the wave crest of the other ring body 111 are substantially aligned with each other in the axial direction of the nail body 11 .

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the cross-section of the ring body 111 before pressurized expansion is a ring-shaped wave structure, and the adjacent wave structures are in a staggered array. The barbs 112 are hidden on the inner side of the circumscribed circle, so that when the intramedullary nail 1 is implanted, the deformation of the intramedullary nail 1 is prevented by the existence of the staggered array. The outer wall of the intramedullary nail as a whole remains the same as the complete surface, and there are no grooves or other structures on the surface of the intramedullary nail that would have too much impact on the implantation due to the existence of the troughs. At the same time, the barbs 112 do not contact the bones or other human tissues. This design not only reduces the friction during the implantation process, but also avoids the influence of the barbs 112 on the implantation process, and makes the entire implantation process more labor-saving and safer. When the intramedullary nail 1 is implanted in a suitable position, the expansion member 2 is used to pressurize the nail body 11, and the nail body 11 expands. Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the barbs 112 protrude from the ring body 111 , thereby playing a role in fixing and preventing the implant from retreating, thereby meeting the requirement of stable internal fixation of the intramedullary nail 1 .

[0043] Optionally, the barbs 112 are arranged along the radial direction of the ring body 111, and the length of the barbs 112 is less than or equal to the radial distance between the inscribed circle and the circumscribed circle, and the barbs 112 are hidden inside the circumscribed circle to reduce the contact between the barbs 112 and human tissues such as bones during implantation. The present application does not impose a specific restriction on the number of barbs 112, for example, there can be one or more barbs 112 at each trough.

[0044] Optionally, the expansion member 2 is a balloon. The balloon is used to pressurize and expand the nail body 11. The balloon can be filled with gas or liquid to apply outward pressure to the nail body 11 to expand it.

[0045] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail further includes a guide wire 3, which is detachably arranged in the balloon along the axial direction of the nail body 11, and the guide needle is used to drive the intramedullary nail 1 and the balloon to be inserted into the locking medullary cavity 011.

[0046] Optionally, the clavicle intramedullary nail further includes a nail head 12 having a conical tip for easy insertion into the clavicle intramedullary cavity 011 .

[0047] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail is formed by 3D printing.

[0048] Optionally, the locking intramedullary nail is made of absorbable metal, thereby achieving the deformation requirement of the locking intramedullary nail when implanted in the medullary cavity, and can also meet the material requirement of being able to expand after implantation. After the locking intramedullary nail is implanted, the locking intramedullary nail is made of absorbable material as a whole and does not need to be removed, and does not need to be fixed with screws.

[0049] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: first, a hole is drilled into the clavicle 01 using an orthopedic drill to form the clavicle medullary cavity 011, and then Figure 8 As shown, the nail head 12 of the clavicle intramedullary nail is aligned with the clavicle medullary cavity 011 and inserted into the clavicle medullary cavity 011 through the guide wire 3, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, after entering the clavicular medullary cavity 011, the clavicular intramedullary nail will change its shape according to the shape of the clavicular medullary cavity 011 until it is implanted in a position that meets the surgical requirements. Fig.10 As shown, liquid is injected into the balloon to expand the intramedullary nail 1, and the expansion of the balloon drives the hollow expandable structure to expand, so that the hollow expandable structure fills the entire intramedullary cavity 011, and the hollow expandable structure will have a barb 112 structure after expansion, thereby playing a role in fixing and preventing the implant from retreating. Fig.11 As shown, the guide wire 3 and the balloon are removed to close the wound.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking intramedullary nail, characterized in that: include: The nail body (11) is a hollow structure, the side wall of the nail body (11) is an expandable structure, and the expandable structure protrudes with a barb structure after expansion. An expansion piece (2) is detachably arranged in the nail body (11) along the axial direction of the nail body (11), and the expansion piece (2) can expand the side wall of the nail body (11) after expansion.

2. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail body (11) comprises a plurality of ring bodies (111) arranged along the axial direction, adjacent ring bodies (111) are connected via connecting parts, the ring bodies (111) are surrounded by a wave structure to form a ring shape, and the inner concave part of the ring body (111) is provided with outward barbs (112).

3. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before the ring body (111) is expanded, the wave structure comprises mutually adjacent wave crests and wave troughs, each wave crest of the ring body (111) is tangent to the same circumscribed circle, each wave trough of the ring body (111) is tangent to the same inscribed circle, the barbs (112) are arranged at the wave troughs of the ring body (111), and after the ring body (111) is expanded, the ring body (111) is circular, and the barbs (112) protrude from the ring body (111).

4. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: Of the two adjacent ring bodies (111), the wave trough of one ring body (111) and the wave crest of the other ring body (111) are substantially aligned with each other in the axial direction of the nail body (11).

5. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 3, characterized in that: The barbs (112) are arranged along the radial direction of the ring body (111), and the length of the barbs (112) is less than or equal to the radial distance between the inscribed circle and the circumscribed circle.

6. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion member (2) is a balloon.

7. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking intramedullary nail also includes: A guide wire (3), wherein the guide wire (3) is detachably arranged in the balloon along the axial direction of the nail body (11), and the guide needle is used to drive the intramedullary nail (1) and the balloon to be inserted into the intramedullary cavity (011).

8. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a nail head (12), wherein the nail head (12) is a conical tip.

9. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking intramedullary nail is formed by 3D printing.

10. The locking intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking intramedullary nail is made of absorbable metal.

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