Negative pressure auxiliary type seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a negative pressure auxiliary type seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device and method, and belongs to the field of agricultural machine.The negative pressure auxiliary type seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device comprises a rack, a feeding hopper and a transmission device, and the rack is provided with a charge separation part, a residual film collection part and an airflow supply part; the charging time of the residual film in the charging separation channel is prolonged, the residual film on the roller can be effectively prevented from being smashed down by high-speed cotton flow, the seed cotton and residual film separation effect is good, the separation efficiency is high, the structure is simple and compact, and multiple working parameters can be adjusted; according to the negative-pressure-assisted seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation method, the residual film electrostatic separation device is used for separating seed cotton residual films by adopting a method that electrostatic adsorption is used as a main method and negative-pressure adsorption is used as an auxiliary method, negative-pressure adsorption force is used for assisting electrostatic force, and the residual films on the surface of the negative-pressure adsorption roller within a certain angle range are adsorbed only through negative pressure. Residual films can be effectively prevented from being smashed down by high-speed cotton flow, the charge time of the residual films is prolonged, and economy and practicability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for separating foreign fibers in the process of seed cotton processing, and in particular to a device and method for efficiently separating machine-picked seed cotton from foreign fibers such as residual film by using negative pressure-assisted electrostatic adsorption technology, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] Xinjiang cotton planting adopts film-covered drip irrigation technology. During mechanized harvesting, the negative pressure conveying pipeline of the cotton picker's picking head easily mixes residual film and other foreign fibers into the seed cotton for harvesting. Residual film brings difficulties to seed cotton processing and cotton spinning, and reduces the quality of lint and cotton spinning products. Electrostatic adsorption technology is an emerging method for removing residual film. It uses the different charging characteristics of seed cotton residual film to make the residual film negatively charged in the electrostatic field. Under the action of the electric field force, the residual film is adsorbed by the grounding roller to achieve the separation of seed cotton residual film. The existing electrostatic separation equipment for seed cotton residual film has the problem that the residual film is not firmly adsorbed on the grounding roller and is easily knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow during processing and production.

[0003] Currently, the published machine-picked cotton seed cotton foreign fiber devices, such as CN114393746A, propose to use needle tip discharge in conjunction with a grounded roller to separate the seed cotton residual film. CN115418727A uses mechanical opening, first air flow cleaning, and then electrostatic adsorption to clean foreign fibers, to achieve electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film during the processing and production process. However, none of them solves the problem that the residual film is not firmly adsorbed on the grounded roller and is easily knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention is essentially different from the existing seed cotton residual film separation device in principle. It adopts a method of mainly using static electricity and supplemented by negative pressure to separate the seed cotton residual film, which can effectively prevent the residual film on the roller from being knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow and the residual film from being poorly adsorbed on the grounded roller. The seed cotton residual film separation effect is good, the separation efficiency is high, the structure is simple and compact, and multiple working parameters can be adjusted. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that residual film in the existing separation technology is not firmly adsorbed on the ground roller and is easily knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow, the present invention proposes an economical and practical negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for residual film of seed cotton, which utilizes a negative pressure adsorption roller with a baffle. When the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates through a certain angle, the negative pressure disappears, the seed cotton falls, and the residual film is still adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller by the electrostatic force in the electrostatic field, thereby realizing the separation of the residual film of the seed cotton; after the residual film enters the charged separation channel, it is immediately adsorbed on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller by the negative pressure, thereby increasing the charging time of the residual film in the charged separation channel, and also effectively preventing the residual film on the roller from being knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow, the seed cotton residual film separation effect is good, the separation efficiency is high, the structure is simple and compact, and multiple working parameters are adjustable.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film can effectively solve the problem of high-speed cotton flow knocking residual film off the grounding roller, while increasing the charging time of the residual film and improving the adsorption force between the residual film and the grounding roller. The seed cotton residual film separation effect is good, the separation efficiency is high, and it is economical and practical.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for residual film of seed cotton comprises a frame, a feed hopper and a transmission device. The frame is provided with a charge separation part, a residual film collection part and an airflow supply part. The charge separation part structure comprises a negative pressure adsorption roller, a wall panel, an electrode distance adjuster, a corona electrode tube and a bearing seat support flange; the residual film collection part structure comprises an air knife and a film collection box; the airflow supply part structure comprises a negative pressure fan and a positive pressure fan; the negative pressure adsorption roller, the corona electrode tube, the feed hopper, the air knife and the film collection box are installed between the wall panels on both sides, wherein the negative pressure adsorption roller is connected to the negative pressure fan on one side through the bearing seat support flange; the corona electrode tube is installed on the wall panel through the electrode distance adjuster; the positive pressure fan is connected to the air knife.

[0009] The negative pressure adsorption roller structure includes a rotating net, a baffle, and a rotating net bracket; the rotating net surface is evenly distributed with mesh holes, the rotating net bracket is installed at both ends of the rotating net, and hollow shaft sleeves are provided at both ends of the rotating net bracket; the structure of the baffle includes an arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped plate is provided with an arc-shaped opening, and a plate frame and a fixed shaft head are provided inside the arc-shaped plate. The baffle is installed inside the rotating net, and is plugged into the hollow shaft sleeve of the rotating net bracket through the fixed shaft head and can rotate relatively, and the fixed shaft head extends out and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support flange through a baffle fixing plate; when the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates, the baffle is fixed by the baffle fixing plate and does not rotate with the negative pressure adsorption roller, thereby ensuring that negative pressure is generated within a part of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller to assist in electrostatic adsorption of residual film.

[0010] The arc-shaped opening angle of the baffle can be made into different angles according to actual needs, and the angle range is 20° to 180°. The size of the arc-shaped opening is consistent with the negative pressure action range of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller.

[0011] The negative pressure in the negative pressure adsorption roller is generated by a negative pressure fan, and the negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure adsorption roller through a bearing seat support flange; the structure of the bearing seat support flange includes a bearing seat support frame, a round tube, and a flange plate; a fixing hole and a key shaft hole are provided on the baffle fixing plate; the lower part of the baffle fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support frame through the fixing hole, and the upper part is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft head of the baffle through the key shaft hole.

[0012] The structure of the electrode distance regulator includes a base plate, a fastening bolt, an electrode fixing clamp, and a distance adjustment nut, wherein the electrode fixing clamp is welded from a wire rod and a circular opening clamp, two distance adjustment nuts are arranged on the wire rod, and the fastening bolt is arranged at the opening of the circular opening clamp, and is used to lock and fix the corona electrode tube. The base plate is a rectangular plate, and is provided with an oblong notch, whose width is slightly larger than the diameter of the corona electrode tube, and the corona electrode tube can be translated in the notch. A steel block with a light hole in the center is welded on one side of the base plate, and the wire rod of the electrode fixing clamp passes through the above-mentioned light hole, and the distance adjustment nuts arranged thereon are respectively located on both sides of the steel block. After determining the position of the corona electrode tube, tighten the distance adjustment nuts on both sides to achieve position distance adjustment of the corona electrode tube; the corona electrode tube is connected to a negative high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjustable.

[0013] The negative pressure fan is connected to a frequency converter and its wind speed can be adjusted. The transmission device includes a motor and a pulley. According to actual needs, the belt drive can be replaced with a gear drive or a chain drive.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film, using the negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film, and using electrostatic adsorption as the main method and negative pressure adsorption as the auxiliary method to separate the seed cotton residual film, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0015] In the first step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture is fed into the device through the feed hopper; in the second step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture enters the charged separation channel with adjustable width formed between the corona electrode tube and the negative pressure adsorption roller, and is adsorbed by the negative pressure on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller; in the third step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture is charged as the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates; in the fourth step, after the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates a certain angle, the negative pressure is blocked by the baffle, and due to the mass difference between the seed cotton and the residual film, the residual film is adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller through electrostatic force, and the seed cotton falls off the negative pressure adsorption roller, thereby realizing the separation of the seed cotton and the residual film; in the fifth step, as the negative pressure adsorption roller continues to rotate, the residual film is blown into the film collecting box by the wind knife; using the negative pressure adsorption force to assist the electrostatic force to adsorb the residual film within a certain angle range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller can effectively prevent the high-speed cotton flow from knocking the residual film off, thereby increasing the charging time of the residual film.

[0016] The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation method and device for seed cotton residual film provided by the present invention adopt a method of separating seed cotton residual film by using electrostatic adsorption as the main method and negative pressure adsorption as the auxiliary method; negative pressure adsorption within a certain angle range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller is used to assist electrostatic force in adsorbing residual film, which can effectively improve the adsorption force between the residual film and the grounded roller, and prevent the residual film from being knocked off by high-speed cotton flow.

[0017] The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for residual film of seed cotton comprises a charge separation part, a residual film collection part, an airflow supply part, a frame, a feed hopper, and a transmission device. The charge separation part arranged on the frame comprises a negative pressure adsorption roller, a wall panel, an electrode distance adjuster, a corona electrode tube, and a bearing seat support flange; the negative pressure adsorption roller is installed between two wall panels through a bearing seat and a bearing seat support flange; the corona electrode tube is installed between the wall panels through an electrode distance adjuster installed on the wall panel; a feed hopper, an air knife, and a film collection box are installed between the wall panels, the feed hopper is located above the charge separation channel between the negative pressure adsorption roller and the corona electrode tube, the air knife and the film collection box are located on one side of the negative pressure adsorption roller, with the air knife on the top and the film collection box on the bottom; a motor, a positive pressure fan, a negative pressure fan and a wall panel are installed on the frame.

[0018] The negative pressure adsorption roller structure includes a rotating screen, a baffle, and a rotating screen bracket; mesh holes are arranged on the surface of the rotating screen according to a certain porosity; the rotating screen bracket is installed at both ends of the rotating screen, and the baffle is arc-shaped and is installed inside the rotating screen through the rotating screen bracket; when the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates, the internal baffle is fixed by the baffle fixing plate and does not rotate with the negative pressure adsorption roller, thereby ensuring that negative pressure is generated within a fixed range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller to assist in electrostatic adsorption of residual film.

[0019] The arc-shaped opening angle of the baffle can be manufactured to different angles according to actual use conditions, ranging from 20° to 180°, and the opening angle is consistent with the negative pressure range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller. The negative pressure inside the negative pressure adsorption roller is generated by a negative pressure fan, which is passed into the negative pressure adsorption roller through the bearing seat support flange. The negative pressure fan is connected to a frequency converter, and its wind speed can be adjusted, and the wind speed adjustment range is 0m / s-5m / s.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0021] The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film provided by the present invention is essentially different from the existing seed cotton residual film separation device, and adopts a method of mainly using static electricity and supplemented by negative pressure to separate the seed cotton residual film. In addition, there are also differences in the structure of the grounded roller, and a negative pressure adsorption roller with a baffle is designed. After the seed cotton residual film enters the charged separation channel between the negative pressure adsorption roller and the corona electrode tube from the feed hopper, it is adsorbed by the negative pressure on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller. When the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates a certain angle, the negative pressure disappears, the seed cotton falls, and the residual film is still adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller in the electrostatic field by relying on the electrostatic force, thereby realizing the separation of the seed cotton residual film. The present invention assists electrostatic adsorption through negative pressure, so that the residual film is immediately adsorbed on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller by negative pressure after entering the charged separation channel, thereby increasing the charging time of the residual film in the charged separation channel, and can also effectively prevent the residual film on the roller from being knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow. The seed cotton residual film separation effect is good, the separation efficiency is high, the structure is simple and compact, and multiple working parameters are adjustable.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes a negative pressure assisted electrostatic adsorption technology separation method. The negative pressure assisted seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device solves the problem of high-speed cotton flow knocking the residual film off the grounding roller. At the same time, the charging time of the residual film is increased, and the adsorption force between the residual film and the grounding roller is improved. The seed cotton residual film separation effect is good and the separation efficiency is high. The present invention is an economical and practical seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings may be used as examples to illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art. The accompanying drawings show some embodiments of the invention, but are not limited to these examples. Ordinary technicians can obtain other accompanying drawings based on the structures presented in the accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Another isometric view of an embodiment provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure adsorption roller in the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the baffle in the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circular arc opening angle of the baffle in the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the left wall panel assembly structure in the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode distance regulator in the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection position relationship among the negative pressure adsorption roller, the wall panel, the electrode distance regulator, the corona electrode tube, and the bearing seat support flange in the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film.

[0033] As shown in the figure: 1 is the frame, 2 is the small pulley, 3 is the motor, 4 is the belt, 5 is the large pulley, 6 is the bearing seat, 7 is the right wall panel, 8 is the electrode distance regulator, 9 is the film collecting box, 10 is the wind knife, 11 is the negative pressure adsorption roller, 12 is the feed hopper, 13 is the corona electrode tube, 14 is the pipeline, 15 is the left wall panel, 16 is the negative pressure fan, 17 is the positive pressure fan, 18 is the baffle, 18-1 is the arc opening, 18-2 is the arc plate, 18-3 is the plate frame, 18-4 is the fixed The shaft head, 18-5 is an arc-shaped opening angle, 19 is a rotating net bracket, 19-1 is a hollow shaft sleeve, 20 is a rotating net, 21 is a bearing seat support flange, 22 is a flange plate, 23 is a round tube, 24 is a bearing seat support frame, 25 is a vertical bearing seat, 26 is a base plate, 27 is a fastening bolt, 28 is an electrode fixing clamp, 28-1 is a screw rod, 28-2 is a circular opening clamp, 29 is a distance adjustment nut, 30 is a baffle fixing plate, 30-1 is a fixing hole, and 30-2 is a key shaft hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this example is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which provides a negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for residual film of seed cotton, including a frame 1, a feed hopper 12, and a transmission device. The frame 1 is provided with a charge separation part, a residual film collection part, and an airflow supply part. The charge separation part structure includes a negative pressure adsorption roller 11, a wall panel, an electrode distance adjuster 8, a corona electrode tube 13, and a bearing seat support flange 21; the wall panel includes a left wall panel 15 and a right wall panel 7, and the residual film collection part structure includes an air knife 10 and a film collection box 9; the airflow supply part structure includes a negative pressure fan 16 and a positive pressure fan 17; the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, the corona electrode tube 13, the feed hopper 12, the air knife 10, and the film collection box 9 are installed between the wall panels on both sides, wherein the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 is connected to the negative pressure fan 16 on one side through the bearing seat support flange 21; the corona electrode tube 13 is installed on the wall panel through the electrode distance adjuster 8; the positive pressure fan 17 is connected to the air knife 10.

[0036] The negative pressure adsorption roller structure includes a rotating net 20, a baffle 18, and a rotating net bracket 19; the surface of the rotating net 20 is evenly distributed with mesh holes, the rotating net bracket 19 is installed at both ends of the rotating net 20, and hollow shaft sleeves 19-1 are provided at both ends of the rotating net bracket 19; the structure of the baffle 18 includes an arc-shaped plate 18-2, the arc-shaped plate 18-2 is provided with an arc-shaped opening 18-1, a plate frame 18-3 and a fixed shaft head 18-4 are provided in the arc-shaped plate 18-2, and the baffle 18 is installed in the rotating net 20 The fixed shaft head 18-4 is plugged into the hollow shaft sleeve 19-1 of the rotating net bracket 19 and can rotate relatively. The fixed shaft head 18-4 extends out and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support flange 21 through a baffle fixing plate 30. When the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 rotates, the baffle 18 is fixed by the baffle fixing plate 30 and does not rotate with the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, ensuring that negative pressure is generated within a part of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, and there is no negative pressure in the part blocked by the baffle 18, thereby assisting electrostatic adsorption of residual film.

[0037] The arc-shaped opening angle 18 - 5 of the baffle 18 can be made into different angles according to actual needs, and the angle range is 20° to 180°. The size of the arc-shaped opening 18 - 1 is consistent with the negative pressure action range of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 .

[0038] The negative pressure in the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 is generated by the negative pressure fan 16, and the negative pressure fan 16 is connected to the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 through the bearing seat support flange 21; the structure of the bearing seat support flange 21 includes a bearing seat support frame 24, a round tube 23, and a flange plate 22, and the baffle fixing plate 30 is provided with a fixing hole 30-1 and a key shaft hole 30-2. The lower part of the baffle fixing plate 30 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support frame 24 through the fixing hole 30-1, and the upper part is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft head 18-4 of the baffle 18 through the key shaft hole 30-2.

[0039] The structure of the electrode distance regulator 8 includes a base plate 26, a fastening bolt 27, an electrode fixing clamp 28, and a distance adjustment nut 29, wherein the electrode fixing clamp 28 is welded by a wire rod 28-1 and a circular opening clamp 28-2, two distance adjustment nuts 29 are arranged on the wire rod 28-1, and the fastening bolt 27 is arranged at the opening of the circular opening clamp 28-2, which is used to lock and fix the corona electrode tube 13. The base plate 26 is a rectangular plate with an oblong notch, whose width is slightly larger than the diameter of the corona electrode tube 13, and the corona electrode tube 13 can be translated in the notch. A steel block with a light hole in the center is welded on one side of the base plate 26, and the wire rod 28-1 of the electrode fixing clamp passes through the above-mentioned light hole. The distance adjustment nuts 29 arranged on it are respectively located on both sides of the steel block. After determining the position of the corona electrode tube, tighten the distance adjustment nuts on both sides to achieve the position distance adjustment of the corona electrode tube 13; the corona electrode tube 13 is connected to a negative high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjustable.

[0040] The negative pressure fan 16 is connected to a frequency converter and its wind speed can be adjusted. The transmission device includes a motor 3 and a pulley, including a large pulley 5 and a small pulley 2. According to actual needs, the belt drive can be replaced with a gear drive or a chain drive.

[0041] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the structure of the negative pressure-assisted seed cotton residual film electrostatic separation device of this embodiment is specifically described as follows:

[0042] The negative pressure adsorption roller 11 is composed of a rotating net 20, a baffle 18, and a rotating net support 19; the surface of the rotating net 20 is provided with mesh holes according to a certain porosity; the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 is provided with a baffle 18, the baffle 18 blocks the negative pressure within a certain angle range, and does not rotate with the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, to ensure that there is negative pressure in a partial range of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, and there is no negative pressure in the partial area blocked by the baffle 18, and the residual film is adsorbed on the roller with the assistance of static electricity to prevent the residual film from being smashed off by the seed cotton. The negative pressure adsorption roller 11 is fixedly installed between two wall panels through a bearing seat 6 and a vertical bearing seat 25; the wall panels can be divided into a right wall panel 7 and a left wall panel 15, which are cut from insulating materials and are respectively provided with holes or grooves for installing the bearing seat 6, the bearing seat support flange 21, the electrode distance adjuster 8, the wind knife 10, the film collecting box 9, and the feed hopper 12. Both side wall panels are installed with multiple electrode distance adjusters 8, the right wall panel 7 is installed with a bearing seat 6, and the left wall panel 15 is installed with a bearing seat support flange 21; the bearing seat support frame 24 is provided with a bearing seat fastening threaded hole and a baffle fixing plate 30 fixing fastening threaded hole; the baffle fixing plate 30 is provided with a pin key through hole and a fixing hole for fixing the baffle 18 inside the negative pressure adsorption roller 11.

[0043] The residual film collection part includes a wind knife 10 and a film collecting box 9; the wind knife 10 is installed between the right wall panel 7 and the left wall panel 15, and is arranged obliquely above the negative pressure adsorption roller 11. An air outlet is arranged below the wind knife 10, and an air inlet is arranged above the wind knife 10, which is connected to the air outlet of the positive pressure fan 17 by a pipe 14 to blow off the residual film adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller 11; the film collecting box 9 is installed between the two wall panels, and is arranged on the outside of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 to collect the residual film blown off by the wind knife 10. The bottom plate thereof has a mesh, and a film collecting box door panel connected by a hinge is opened on one side to facilitate the removal of the residual film collected in the film collecting box 9.

[0044] The air flow supply part includes a negative pressure fan 16 and a positive pressure fan 17; the negative pressure fan 16 is connected to the bearing seat support flange 21, and negative pressure is introduced into the negative pressure adsorption roller 11. The negative pressure fan 16 is connected to the frequency converter, and the negative pressure wind speed can be adjusted by the frequency converter, and the wind speed adjustment range is 0m / s-5m / s; the positive pressure fan 17 is connected to the wind knife 10, providing positive pressure airflow to blow the residual film adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 into the film collecting box 9.

[0045] The frame 1 is provided with two wall panel mounting support beams, a motor support plate, a negative pressure fan support frame, and a positive pressure fan support beam. The motor 3 is mounted on the motor support plate, the negative pressure fan 16 is mounted on the negative pressure fan support frame, and the positive pressure fan 17 is mounted on the positive pressure fan support beam. The right wall panel 7 and the left wall panel 15 are respectively mounted on two wall panel mounting support beams. The right wall panel 7 and the left wall panel 15 are both equipped with electrode distance adjusters 8. Corona electrode tubes 13 are installed between the wall panels, and the corona electrode tubes 13 are fixed by the electrode distance adjusters 8.

[0046] The feed hopper 12 is installed between two wall panels and is located obliquely above the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, and is used to put in the seed cotton and residual film mixed material to control the feed position.

[0047] Optionally, the negative pressure fan 16 is connected to a frequency converter, and its wind speed can be adjusted within a wind speed adjustment range of 0m / s-5m / s.

[0048] Optionally, the transmission part includes a motor 3, a small pulley 2 and a large pulley 5; the large pulley 5 is installed on the shaft of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 extending from the outside of the right wall panel 7, the small pulley 2 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 3, and the large and small pulleys are connected through the belt 4 to drive the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 to rotate; the motor 3 is connected to the frequency converter to adjust the speed of the motor 3.

[0049] Optionally, the frame 1 is formed as a whole by welding angle steels, and a grounding terminal is provided on the frame 1, so that the entire machine is grounded during operation.

[0050] Optionally, the wall panels 7 and 15, the film collecting box 9, and the feed hopper 12 are all made of insulating materials that are resistant to high voltage static electricity.

[0051] During actual operation, the power is turned on, and the motor 3 drives the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 to rotate through the small pulley 2 and the large pulley 5, and the negative pressure fan 16 starts to work, and the seed cotton and residual film mixed material is evenly fed into the feed hopper 12, and sent to the charged separation channel with adjustable width formed between the corona electrode tube 13 and the negative pressure adsorption roller 11. When the seed cotton mixed with the residual film falls onto the roller, it is adsorbed on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 by the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan 16, and rotates with the roller. The seed cotton and the residual film are both charged. After turning a certain angle, the negative pressure is blocked by the baffle 18 and disappears. Since the mass of the seed cotton is large, the gravity it is subjected to is much greater than the electric field force it is subjected to, so it falls under the action of the electric field force; and the residual film is small in mass, low in density, and its own physical properties make it difficult to lose charge, so it will be adsorbed on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, and as the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 rotates to the outside, it is blown to the film collecting box 9 by the wind knife 10.

[0052] The seed cotton and residual film were uniformly mixed into the material to be sorted, and fed into the feeding hopper evenly. The voltage of the corona electrode tube 13 was set to -25kv, and the distance between the corona electrode tube 13 and the negative pressure adsorption roller was 18cm. The seed cotton and residual film separation experiment was carried out under different wind speeds on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller. The results showed that compared with the case without negative pressure assistance, the separation rate was 77% when the negative pressure wind speed was 1.2m / s, and the separation rate increased by 17.5%; the separation rate was 82.5% when the negative pressure wind speed was 1.4m / s, and the separation rate increased by 23%; the separation rate was 79% when the negative pressure wind speed was 1.6m / s, and the separation rate increased by 19.5%.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention uses a method mainly based on static electricity and supplemented by negative pressure to separate the residual film of seed cotton. After the residual film of seed cotton enters the charged separation channel between the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 and the corona electrode tube 13 from the feed hopper 12, it is adsorbed by the negative pressure on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11. When the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 rotates a certain angle, the negative pressure disappears, the seed cotton falls, and the residual film is still adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 by the electrostatic force in the electrostatic field, thereby achieving the separation of the residual film of seed cotton. The present invention uses negative pressure to assist electrostatic adsorption, so that the residual film is immediately adsorbed on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 by negative pressure after entering the charged separation channel, increasing the charging time of the residual film in the charged separation channel, and can also effectively prevent the residual film on the roller from being knocked off by the high-speed cotton flow. The residual film of seed cotton has a good separation effect, high separation efficiency, simple and compact structure, and multiple working parameters can be adjusted. It is an economical and practical electrostatic separation device for residual film of seed cotton.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] A method for negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film, using the negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film described in Example 1, adopting electrostatic adsorption as the main method and negative pressure adsorption as the auxiliary method to separate seed cotton residual film, mainly comprising the following steps:

[0056] In the first step, the seed cotton and residual film mixed material is fed into the device through the feed hopper 12; in the second step, the seed cotton and residual film mixed material enters the charged separation channel with adjustable width formed between the corona electrode tube 13 and the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, and is adsorbed by the negative pressure on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller; in the third step, the seed cotton and residual film mixed material is charged as the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 rotates; in the fourth step, after the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 rotates a certain angle, the negative pressure is blocked by the baffle 18, and due to the mass difference between the seed cotton and the residual film, the residual film is adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 through electrostatic force, and the seed cotton falls off from the negative pressure adsorption roller 11, thereby realizing the separation of the seed cotton and the residual film; in the fifth step, as the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 continues to rotate, the residual film is blown into the film collecting box 9 by the wind knife 10; using the negative pressure adsorption force to assist the electrostatic force to adsorb the residual film within a certain angle range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller 11 can effectively prevent the high-speed cotton flow from knocking the residual film off, thereby increasing the charging time of the residual film.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film, comprising a frame, a feed hopper, and a transmission device, characterized in that The frame is provided with a charge separation part, a residual film collection part, and an airflow supply part. The charge separation part structure includes a negative pressure adsorption roller, a wall panel, an electrode distance adjuster, a corona electrode tube, and a bearing seat support flange; the residual film collection part structure includes an air knife and a film collection box; the airflow supply part structure includes a negative pressure fan and a positive pressure fan; the negative pressure adsorption roller, the corona electrode tube, the feed hopper, the air knife, and the film collection box are installed between the wall panels on both sides, wherein the negative pressure adsorption roller is connected to the negative pressure fan on one side through the bearing seat support flange; the corona electrode tube is installed on the wall panel through the electrode distance adjuster; the positive pressure fan is connected to the air knife.

2. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 1, characterized in that The negative pressure adsorption roller structure includes a rotating net, a baffle, and a rotating net bracket; the rotating net surface is evenly distributed with mesh holes, the rotating net bracket is installed at both ends of the rotating net, and hollow shaft sleeves are provided at both ends of the rotating net bracket; the structure of the baffle includes an arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped plate is provided with an arc-shaped opening, and a plate frame and a fixed shaft head are provided inside the arc-shaped plate. The baffle is installed inside the rotating net, and is plugged into the hollow shaft sleeve of the rotating net bracket through the fixed shaft head and can rotate relatively, and the fixed shaft head extends out and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support flange through a baffle fixing plate; when the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates, the baffle is fixed by the baffle fixing plate and does not rotate with the negative pressure adsorption roller, thereby ensuring that negative pressure is generated within a part of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller to assist in electrostatic adsorption of residual film.

3. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 2, characterized in that The arc-shaped opening angle of the baffle can be made into different angles according to actual needs, and the angle range is 20° to 180°. The size of the arc-shaped opening is consistent with the negative pressure action range of the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller.

4. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The negative pressure in the negative pressure adsorption roller is generated by a negative pressure fan, and the negative pressure fan is connected to the negative pressure adsorption roller through a bearing seat support flange; the structure of the bearing seat support flange includes a bearing seat support frame, a round tube, and a flange plate; a fixing hole and a key shaft hole are provided on the baffle fixing plate; the lower part of the baffle fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bearing seat support frame through the fixing hole, and the upper part is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft head of the baffle through the key shaft hole.

5. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The structure of the electrode distance regulator includes a base plate, a fastening bolt, an electrode fixing clamp, and a distance adjustment nut, wherein the electrode fixing clamp is welded from a wire rod and a circular opening clamp, two distance adjustment nuts are arranged on the wire rod, and the fastening bolt is arranged at the opening of the circular opening clamp, and is used to lock and fix the corona electrode tube. The base plate is a rectangular plate, and is provided with an oblong notch, whose width is slightly larger than the diameter of the corona electrode tube, and the corona electrode tube can be translated in the notch. A steel block with a light hole in the center is welded on one side of the base plate, and the wire rod of the electrode fixing clamp passes through the above-mentioned light hole, and the distance adjustment nuts arranged thereon are respectively located on both sides of the steel block. After determining the position of the corona electrode tube, tighten the distance adjustment nuts on both sides to achieve position distance adjustment of the corona electrode tube; the corona electrode tube is connected to a negative high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjustable.

6. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 4, characterized in that: The structure of the electrode distance regulator includes a base plate, a fastening bolt, an electrode fixing clamp, and a distance adjustment nut, wherein the electrode fixing clamp is welded from a wire rod and a circular opening clamp, two distance adjustment nuts are arranged on the wire rod, and the fastening bolt is arranged at the opening of the circular opening clamp, and is used to lock and fix the corona electrode tube. The base plate is a rectangular plate, and is provided with an oblong notch, whose width is slightly larger than the diameter of the corona electrode tube, and the corona electrode tube can be translated in the notch. A steel block with a light hole in the center is welded on one side of the base plate, and the wire rod of the electrode fixing clamp passes through the above-mentioned light hole, and the distance adjustment nuts arranged thereon are respectively located on both sides of the steel block. After determining the position of the corona electrode tube, tighten the distance adjustment nuts on both sides to achieve position distance adjustment of the corona electrode tube; the corona electrode tube is connected to a negative high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is adjustable.

7. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 6, characterized in that The negative pressure fan is connected to a frequency converter and its wind speed can be adjusted.

8. The negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to claim 7, characterized in that The transmission device includes a motor and a pulley. According to actual needs, the belt drive can be replaced with a gear drive or a chain drive.

9. A method for negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation of seed cotton residual film, characterized in that: Utilizing the negative pressure-assisted electrostatic separation device for seed cotton residual film according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the seed cotton residual film is separated by a method of mainly electrostatic adsorption and supplemented by negative pressure adsorption, which mainly includes the following steps: In the first step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture is fed into the device through the feed hopper; in the second step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture enters the charged separation channel with adjustable width formed between the corona electrode tube and the negative pressure adsorption roller, and is adsorbed by the negative pressure on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller; in the third step, the seed cotton and residual film mixture is charged as the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates; in the fourth step, after the negative pressure adsorption roller rotates a certain angle, the negative pressure is blocked by the baffle, and due to the mass difference between the seed cotton and the residual film, the residual film is adsorbed on the negative pressure adsorption roller through electrostatic force, and the seed cotton falls off the negative pressure adsorption roller, thereby realizing the separation of the seed cotton and the residual film; in the fifth step, as the negative pressure adsorption roller continues to rotate, the residual film is blown into the film collecting box by the wind knife; using the negative pressure adsorption force to assist the electrostatic force to adsorb the residual film within a certain angle range on the surface of the negative pressure adsorption roller can effectively prevent the high-speed cotton flow from knocking the residual film off, thereby increasing the charging time of the residual film.

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