One-drag-N optical path system for LPBF forming and 3D printer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 1-drag-N optical path system for LPBF forming and a 3D printer. The light path system comprises a first movable mirror base, a first spectroscope, a first linear driving unit and a first reflecting mirror. Wherein the first movable lens base is provided with a first light hole, and the first spectroscope is arranged in the first light hole; the first spectroscope is configured to be capable of dividing a laser beam projected on the first spectroscope into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam; the first linear driving unit can drive the first movable lens base to move linearly. In use, after a laser beam is projected to the first spectroscope, a transmission beam is projected to a first laser demand end, a reflection beam is reflected to the first reflector, and the first reflector reflects the reflection beam to a second laser demand end. The laser beams of one laser can be supplied to the two laser demand ends, the high-power laser can be used, and compared with the mode that each printing device is provided with a low-power laser, the overall cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular to a 1-to-N optical path system and a 3D printer for LPBF forming. Background Art

[0002] Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology is an important branch of laser additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Based on the principle of layered manufacturing and layer-by-layer accumulation, LPBF technology can use software to slice the three-dimensional model of the part, emit a laser beam through the laser, and guide the laser beam to the printing plane through the optical path system. The laser beam selectively fuses the powder particles layer by layer to directly obtain high-performance, high-density metal parts.

[0003] At present, in order to achieve high efficiency and large format, multiple optical path systems are mainly used for simultaneous printing. Each optical path system is equipped with a fiber laser. Each optical path system works simultaneously in its own partition during the forming process. The partitions are spliced ​​to form a complete printing pattern, which doubles the forming size and forming efficiency of the printing equipment.

[0004] Although the use of multiple optical systems for simultaneous printing greatly increases printing efficiency, there are also some problems in their use: First, in the optical system of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, each optical system needs to be equipped with a laser to perform printing, which makes the overall cost higher; and, since each optical system needs to be equipped with a laser, the common demand of a single optical system is far from the full power of a single laser, resulting in a waste of laser power. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 1-to-N optical path system and a 3D printer for LPBF forming, wherein the optical path system can distribute the laser beam of a laser to at least two sets of optical path systems for use.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming, comprising:

[0008] A first movable mirror base, wherein a first light hole is provided on the first movable mirror base;

[0009] A first beam splitter, the first beam splitter is disposed in the first light hole, and the first beam splitter is configured to be able to split the laser beam projected thereon into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam, and the transmitted beam corresponds to the first laser demand end;

[0010] A first linear drive unit, wherein the first linear drive unit is configured to drive the first movable mirror base to move linearly;

[0011] A first reflecting mirror is configured to reflect the reflected light beam to a second laser demand end.

[0012] By adopting the above scheme, when in use, the laser emits a laser beam, and after the laser beam is projected onto the first beam splitter, the laser beam is divided into a transmitted beam and a reflected beam. Among them, the transmitted beam is projected to the first laser demand end, and the reflected beam is reflected to the first reflector, and the first reflector reflects the reflected beam to the second laser demand end. When the second laser demand end does not need the laser beam, the first movable mirror seat is driven to move linearly by the first linear drive unit, so that the first beam splitter leaves the path of the laser beam, so that the laser beam can only reach the first laser demand end. The linear drive unit can be used to conveniently switch the laser to provide a laser beam for one or two printing devices, and the flexibility of use is high. Since the laser beam of a laser can be supplied to two or more laser demand ends, a high-power laser can be selected, which is lower than configuring a lower-power laser for each printing device, and the overall cost is lower.

[0013] Preferably, a second light hole is further provided on the first movable mirror seat, and the second light hole and the first light hole are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror seat. A second reflector is provided in the second light hole, and when the second reflector is located on the path of the laser beam, the laser beam can be reflected to the first reflector. The laser beam can be completely reflected to the first reflector by the second reflector, so that the laser beam is completely supplied to the second laser demand end. By driving the first movable mirror seat to move by the first linear drive unit, the second reflector can be conveniently switched to the path of the laser beam, so as to facilitate switching of the laser beam to supply only the second laser demand end, only the first laser demand end, or both the first laser demand end and the second laser demand end.

[0014] Preferably, the first movable mirror seat is further provided with a third light hole, the third light hole and the second light hole are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror seat, and when the third light hole is located on the path of the laser beam, the third light hole can allow the laser beam to pass through. The first movable mirror seat can be driven by the first linear drive unit to conveniently move the third light hole to the path of the laser beam, and the laser beam can directly reach the first laser demand end through the third light hole.

[0015] Preferably, the laser beam further comprises at least one second movable mirror seat and a second linear drive unit corresponding to the second movable mirror seat, wherein the second movable mirror seat is provided with a first through hole, a second beam splitter is provided in the first through hole, the second beam splitter is located on the path of the reflected light beam, the second beam splitter is configured to be able to split the reflected light beam into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other is transmitted through the second beam splitter, and the second linear drive unit is configured to be able to drive the corresponding second movable mirror seat to move linearly. When it is necessary to supply the laser beam to the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end at the same time, the second movable mirror seat is driven to move linearly by the second linear drive unit, so that the second beam splitter is located on the path of the reflected light beam, and the reflected light beam is split into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other is reflected to the second laser demand end by the first reflector after passing through the second beam splitter.

[0016] Preferably, more than two second movable mirror seats are provided along the path of the reflected light beam. By providing more than two second movable mirror seats, and second beam splitters and second linear drive units corresponding to the second movable mirror seats, the laser beam of one laser can be supplied to N sets of optical path systems. The number of lasers is effectively reduced, and the number of lasers and equipment connected to the lasers is reduced, which greatly saves installation space.

[0017] Preferably, the second movable mirror seat is further provided with a second through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat, a third reflector is provided in the second through hole, and when the third reflector is located on the path of the reflected light beam, the third reflector can reflect the reflected light beam to the third laser demand end. When the laser beam does not need to be supplied to the second laser demand end, the third reflector is moved to the path of the reflected light beam, and the third reflector reflects all the reflected light beams to the third laser demand end.

[0018] Preferably, the second movable mirror seat is further provided with a third through hole, the third through hole and the second through hole are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat, and when the third through hole is located on the path of the reflected light beam, the third through hole can allow the reflected light beam to pass through. When the laser beam does not need to be supplied to the third laser demand end, the second movable mirror seat is driven to move by the second linear drive unit, so that the third through hole moves to the path of the reflected light beam, and the reflected light beam directly passes through the third through hole to reach the first reflector.

[0019] Preferably, the device further comprises a housing, wherein the first movable mirror seat, the second movable mirror seat and the first reflector are all arranged in the housing, and the housing is provided with a plurality of first light holes for light beams to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end, respectively, and a second light hole for the laser light beams to pass through. The housing is used to enclose the laser light beams in a closed space, thereby preventing external environmental interference.

[0020] Preferably, the shell includes a first cylinder which is arranged horizontally, a second cylinder and a third cylinder are connected to the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the third cylinder are arranged vertically to the first cylinder, the first movable mirror seat is slidably connected in the second cylinder, the third cylinder is arranged corresponding to the second movable mirror seat, the second movable mirror seat is slidably connected in the corresponding third cylinder, and the first light hole and the second light hole are both arranged on the first cylinder.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a 3D printer, comprising the above-mentioned 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming.

[0022] In summary, the 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Able to flexibly switch one laser to supply laser beam to one or more optical path systems.

[0024] 2. Reduce the number of lasers and supporting equipment connected to the lasers, thereby reducing costs.

[0025] 3. Reduce the installation space required for multiple lasers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without expending any novel work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a front side perspective;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a left side view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The enlarged view at a in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first movable mirror base, the second movable mirror base and the fixed mirror base in the present invention (which illustrates the optical path when one laser supplies three laser demand ends);

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this invention from a rear side perspective.

[0034] The reference numerals include: a first movable mirror seat 1, a first light hole 2, a first beam splitter 3, a laser beam 4, a reflected light beam 5, a transmitted light beam 6, a shell 7, a first cylinder 701, a bottom shell 7011, a side cover 7012, a second cylinder 702, a third cylinder 703, a mounting port 704, an end cover 705, a first light hole 706, a second light hole 707, a linear motor 8, a stator 801, a mover 802, a first reflector 9, a second light hole 10, a third light hole 11, a second movable mirror seat 12, a first through hole 13, a second beam splitter 14, a second through hole 15, a third reflector 16, a third through hole 17, a fixed mirror seat 18, a laser collimator 19, and a second reflector 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, Figure 1-7 The present invention is further described in detail with specific implementation modes.

[0036] See also Figure 1-7The present embodiment provides a 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming, comprising: a first movable mirror seat 1, a first beam splitter 3, a first linear drive unit and a first reflector 9. The first movable mirror seat 1 is provided with a first light hole 2; the first beam splitter 3 is arranged in the first light hole 2, the first beam splitter 3 is embedded in the first light hole 2, and the surface of the first beam splitter 3 is flush with the surface of the first movable mirror seat 1. The first beam splitter 3 is configured to be able to split the laser beam 4 projected thereon into a reflected beam 5 and a transmitted beam 6, and the transmitted beam 6 corresponds to the first laser demand end; the first linear drive unit is configured to be able to drive the first movable mirror seat 1 to move linearly, and the first linear drive unit can specifically drive the first movable mirror seat 1 to move vertically linearly; the first reflector 9 is configured to be able to reflect the reflected beam 5 to the second laser demand end. It also includes a laser collimator 19, and the laser beam 4 emitted by the laser passes through the laser collimator 19 and then reaches the first beam splitter 3, and the laser collimator 19 is a prior art. In this embodiment, specifically, the first beam splitter 3 and the first reflector 9 are both arranged at an angle of 45°, and the first beam splitter 3 and the first reflector 9 are arranged opposite to each other. With such an angle of 45°, when the laser beam 4 emitted by the laser is emitted to the first beam splitter 3, the laser beam 4 is divided into a transmission beam 6 and a reflection beam 5, the transmission beam 6 and the reflection beam 5 are perpendicular, and the beam path of the reflection beam 5 after being reflected by the first reflector 9 is parallel to the transmission beam 6, so that the arrangement of multiple optical path systems is more compact.

[0037] By adopting the above scheme, when in use, a laser beam 4 is emitted by a laser, and after the laser beam 4 passes through a laser collimator 19, the laser beam 4 is projected onto the first beam splitter 3, and the laser beam 4 is divided into a transmitted beam 6 and a reflected beam 5. Among them, the transmitted beam 6 is projected to the first laser demand end, and the reflected beam 5 is reflected to the first reflector 9, and the first reflector 9 reflects the reflected beam 5 to the second laser demand end. When the second laser demand end does not need the laser beam 4, the first movable mirror seat 1 is driven to move linearly by the first linear drive unit, so that the first beam splitter 3 leaves the path of the laser beam 4, so that the laser beam 4 can only reach the first laser demand end. The linear drive unit can conveniently switch the laser to provide the laser beam 4 for one or two printing devices, and the flexibility of use is high. Since the laser beam 4 of a laser can be supplied to two or more laser demand ends, a high-power laser can be selected, which is lower than configuring a lower-power laser for each optical path system, and the overall cost is lower.

[0038] See also Figure 6In order to conveniently cut off the supply of laser to the first laser demand end, preferably, a second light hole 10 is further provided on the first movable mirror seat 1, and the second light hole 10 and the first light hole 2 are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror seat 1, that is, distributed vertically. A second reflector 20 is provided in the second light hole 10, and the second reflector 20 is embedded in the second light hole 10, and the surface of the second reflector 20 is flush with the surface of the first movable mirror seat 1. When the second reflector 20 is located on the path of the laser beam 4, the second reflector 20 can reflect all the laser beam 4 to the first reflector 9.

[0039] Please continue reading Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first movable mirror base 1 is further provided with a third light hole 11, and the third light hole 11 and the second light hole 10 are distributed along the moving direction of the first movable mirror base 1. When the third light hole 11 is located on the path of the laser beam 4, the third light hole 11 can allow the laser beam 4 to pass through. Specifically, the third light hole 11, the first light hole 2 and the second light hole 10 are sequentially distributed on the first movable mirror base 1 from top to bottom, and the first light hole 2, the second light hole 10 and the third light hole 11 all pass through the front and rear sides of the first movable mirror base 1.

[0040] Please continue reading Figure 6 In order to enable the laser light of a laser to be supplied to more optical path systems at the same time, it is preferred that at least one second movable mirror seat 12 and a second linear drive unit corresponding to the second movable mirror seat 12 are further included. The second movable mirror seat 12 is provided with a first through hole 13, and a second beam splitter 14 is provided in the first through hole 13. The second beam splitter 14 is located on the path of the reflected light beam 5. The second beam splitter 14 is configured to be able to split the reflected light beam 5 into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other is transmitted through the second beam splitter 14. The second linear drive unit is configured to be able to drive the corresponding second movable mirror seat 12 to move linearly. The first beam splitter 3 and the second beam splitter 14 are both prior art. When the laser beam 4 is projected onto the beam splitter, the laser beam 4 is split into two beams, one of which is a transmitted light beam 6 that passes through the beam splitter, and the other is a reflected light beam 5.

[0041] In order to enable the laser light of one laser to be supplied to more optical path systems at the same time, preferably, two or more second movable mirror seats 12 are provided along the path of the reflected light beam 5. By increasing the number of second movable mirror seats 12 and second beam splitters 14 and second linear drive units corresponding to the second movable mirror seats 12, one laser can be supplied to more optical path systems at the same time.

[0042] Please continue reading Figure 6, the second movable mirror seat 12 is also provided with a second through hole 15, and the second through hole 15 and the first through hole 13 are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat 12, that is, they are distributed vertically on the second movable mirror seat 12. A third reflector 16 is arranged in the second through hole 15, and when the third reflector 16 is located on the path of the reflected light beam 5, the third reflector 16 can reflect the reflected light beam 5 to the third laser demand end. The second movable mirror seat 12 is also provided with a third through hole 17, and the third through hole 17 and the second through hole 15 are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat 12, and when the third through hole 17 is located on the path of the reflected light beam 5, the third through hole 17 can allow the reflected light beam 5 to pass through. Specifically, the third through hole 17, the first through hole 13 and the third through hole 17 are distributed in sequence on the second movable mirror seat 12 from top to bottom, and the first through hole 13, the second through hole 15 and the third through hole 17 all pass through the left and right sides of the second movable mirror seat 12. The first movable mirror seat 1 and the second movable mirror seat 12 are both cylindrical, and the cross-sections are both right-angled trapezoids, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoid is 45 degrees. The first movable mirror seat 1 is a right-angled trapezoid with one hypotenuse facing the second movable mirror seat 12, and the second movable mirror seat 12 is a right-angled trapezoid with one hypotenuse facing the first movable mirror seat 1.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As a preferred embodiment, the invention further comprises a housing 7, wherein the first movable mirror seat 1, the second movable mirror seat 12 and the first reflector 9 are all arranged in the housing 7. The housing 7 is provided with a plurality of first light holes 706 for light beams to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end, respectively, and a second light hole 707 for the laser beam 4 to pass through.

[0044] Please continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 7Specifically, the housing 7 includes a first cylinder 701 arranged horizontally, and the first cylinder 701 is connected to the second cylinder 702 and the third cylinder 703, and the second cylinder 702 and the third cylinder 703 are arranged vertically with the first cylinder 701. The first cylinder 701 is connected to the first cylinder 701 and the second cylinder 702 on both upper and lower sides, and the first cylinder 701 on the upper and lower sides corresponds to each other, and the second cylinder 702 on the upper and lower sides corresponds to each other. Specifically, the first cylinder 701 includes a bottom shell 7011 and a side cover 7012, and the front side of the first cylinder 701 is provided with an opening, and the side cover 7012 is arranged at the opening on the front side of the bottom shell 7011, and the side cover 7012 is detachably connected to the bottom shell 7011, and can be detachably connected by bolts or other detachable connection methods. The second light-through hole 707 is provided on the side cover 7012, and the first light-through hole 706 is provided on the rear side of the bottom shell 7011. The second barrel 702 and the third barrel 703 are both arranged vertically, and the third barrel 703 is arranged on the left side of the second barrel 702. The first movable mirror seat 1 is slidably connected in the second barrel 702, and the first movable mirror seat 1 can slide vertically relative to the second barrel 702. The third barrel 703 is arranged corresponding to the second movable mirror seat 12, and the second movable mirror seat 12 is slidably connected in the corresponding third barrel 703, and the first light hole 706 and the second light hole 707 are both arranged on the first barrel 701. In order to improve the stability of the vertical movement of the first movable mirror seat 1 and the second movable mirror seat 12, the shape of the connection between the first barrel 701 and the second barrel 702 is a right-angled trapezoid that matches the cross-section of the first movable mirror seat 1, and the shape of the connection between the first barrel 701 and the third barrel 703 is a right-angled trapezoid that matches the cross-section of the second movable mirror seat 12. In order to facilitate the fixation of the first reflector 9 , a fixed mirror seat 18 is also included. The first reflector 9 is fixedly mounted on the fixed mirror seat 18 , and the fixed mirror seat 18 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom shell 7011 .

[0045] In order to facilitate the installation of the first movable mirror base 1, as a preferred embodiment, a mounting opening 704 is provided at the end of the second barrel 702, and the mounting opening 704 is closed by a detachably connected end cap 705. When the first movable mirror base 1 needs to be installed or removed, the mounting opening 704 can be used for convenient operation. In order to facilitate the installation of the second movable mirror base 12, a mounting opening 704 is provided at the end of the third barrel 703, and is closed by a detachably connected end cap 705.

[0046] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4Preferably, the first linear drive unit includes a linear motor 8, which is a prior art. Specifically, the linear motor 8 includes a stator 801 and a mover 802, and the linear motor 8 can drive the mover 802 to move linearly, thereby driving the first movable mirror seat 1 to move linearly. The stator 801 of the linear motor 8 is embedded in the inner wall of the second cylinder 702, and the mover 802 of the linear motor 8 is embedded in the outer wall of the first movable mirror seat 1. The first linear drive unit and the second linear drive unit can adopt the same structure. In addition, the first linear drive unit and the second linear drive unit can also adopt a linear drive structure such as a screw structure commonly used in the prior art.

[0047] Working process: when the laser only needs to supply laser to the first laser demand end, the first linear drive unit drives the first movable mirror seat 1 to move vertically, so that the third light hole 11 corresponds to the laser beam 4, and the laser beam 4 passes through the third light hole 11 to reach the first laser demand end; when the laser only needs to supply laser to the first laser demand end and the second laser demand end, the first beam splitter 3 is adjusted to the path of the laser beam 4, and the third through hole 17 is adjusted to the path of the reflected beam 5, and the transmitted beam 6 is supplied to the first laser demand end, and the reflected beam 5 is reflected by the first reflector 9 and supplied to the second laser demand end; when the laser needs to supply laser to the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end, the first beam splitter 3 and the second beam splitter 14 are adjusted to the path of the laser, so that the laser is supplied to the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end. By adopting the solution of this embodiment, the laser of one laser can be supplied to N laser demand ends, and the laser can also be adjusted to be supplied to one or several of the laser demand ends.

[0048] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a 3D printer, including the above-mentioned 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming.

[0049] It should be noted that the words indicating direction in this article, such as up and down, are all based on Figure 1 The setting of the direction is only for the convenience of description and has no other specific meaning.

[0050] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the above elements.

[0051] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming, characterized in that: include: A first movable mirror base (1), wherein the first movable mirror base (1) is provided with a first light hole (2); a first beam splitter (3), the first beam splitter (3) being arranged in the first light hole (2), the first beam splitter (3) being configured to be able to split the laser beam (4) projected thereon into a reflected beam (5) and a transmitted beam (6), the transmitted beam (6) corresponding to the first laser demand end; A first linear drive unit, wherein the first linear drive unit is configured to drive the first movable mirror base (1) to move linearly; A first reflecting mirror (9), wherein the first reflecting mirror (9) is configured to be able to reflect the reflected light beam (5) to a second laser demand end.

2. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable mirror seat (1) is also provided with a second light hole (10), the second light hole (10) and the first light hole (2) are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror seat (1), and a second reflector (20) is provided in the second light hole (10), and when the second reflector (20) is located on the path of the laser light beam (4), the laser light beam (4) can be reflected to the first reflector (9).

3. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first movable mirror seat (1) is also provided with a third light hole (11), and the third light hole (11) and the second light hole (10) are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror seat (1), and when the third light hole (11) is located on the path of the laser light beam (4), the third light hole (11) can allow the laser light beam (4) to pass through.

4. A 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises at least one second movable mirror seat (12), and a second linear drive unit arranged corresponding to the second movable mirror seat (12); the second movable mirror seat (12) is provided with a first through hole (13); a second beam splitter (14) is arranged in the first through hole (13); the second beam splitter (14) is located on the path of the reflected light beam (5); the second beam splitter (14) is configured to split the reflected light beam (5) into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other is transmitted through the second beam splitter (14); and the second linear drive unit is configured to drive the corresponding second movable mirror seat (12) to move linearly.

5. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that: More than two of the second movable mirror seats (12) are provided along the path of the reflected light beam (5).

6. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second movable mirror seat (12) is also provided with a second through hole (15), the second through hole (15) and the first through hole (13) are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat (12), a third reflector (16) is provided in the second through hole (15), and when the third reflector (16) is located on the path of the reflected light beam (5), the third reflector (16) can reflect the reflected light beam (5) to the third laser demand end.

7. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second movable mirror seat (12) is also provided with a third through hole (17), and the third through hole (17) and the second through hole (15) are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror seat (12), and when the third through hole (17) is located on the path of the reflected light beam (5), the third through hole (17) can allow the reflected light beam (5) to pass through.

8. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a shell (7), wherein the first movable mirror seat (1), the second movable mirror seat (12) and the first reflector (9) are all arranged in the shell (7), and the shell (7) is provided with a plurality of first light holes (706) for light beams to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end respectively, and a second light hole (707) for the laser light beam (4) to pass through.

9. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shell (7) comprises a first cylinder (701) arranged transversely, the first cylinder (701) being connected to a second cylinder (702) and a third cylinder (703), the second cylinder (702) and the third cylinder (703) being arranged perpendicularly to the first cylinder (701), the first movable mirror seat (1) being slidably connected in the second cylinder (702), the third cylinder (703) being arranged corresponding to the second movable mirror seat (12), the second movable mirror seat (12) being slidably connected in the corresponding third cylinder (703), and the first light-through hole (706) and the second light-through hole (707) being arranged in the first cylinder (701).

10. A 3D printer, characterized in that: It comprises a 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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