Working tool quick-changing device and engineering vehicle thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an operation tool quick-changing device and an engineering vehicle thereof. The operation tool quick-changing device comprises a turbine and worm assembly, a locking oil cylinder and an electrical wiring harness, and a camera is arranged at the end of the electrical wiring harness; a worm wheel of the worm wheel and worm combination comprises a worm wheel I and a worm wheel II, a worm comprises a worm I and a worm II, the worm I and the worm II are both driven by a built-in motor, the two sets of worm wheels and worms are meshed through gears, the driven worm wheel is driven by the worm to rotate around the fixed center line of the worm wheel, and the driven worm wheel is driven by the worm to rotate around the fixed center line of the worm wheel. The operation tool of the quick-change device can rotate around the axis X of the worm gear I and the axis Y of the worm gear II, and the operation tool can be replaced by adjusting the front-back swing of the operation tool and the direction of the rotary oil port. Through the combination of the worm gear, the worm and the locking oil cylinder, 360-degree rotation of the quick change device is achieved; a mounting combination surface with a wedge-shaped structure and an additional monitoring device are adopted; a control oil path of a working tool is built in.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of engineering vehicles, and in particular to a working tool quick-change device and an engineering vehicle thereof. Background Art

[0002] Infrastructure construction cannot be separated from the support of engineering vehicles. Existing engineering vehicles have both the functions of mobility and construction operations, such as excavators. However, existing excavators only have the function of excavation. Faced with complex construction environments, existing vehicles with a single operation function cannot meet existing construction requirements. In order to improve work efficiency, it is necessary to allow multiple engineering vehicles to work synchronously, but this will be limited by the area of ​​the construction site. Therefore, engineering vehicles with multiple operation functions will inevitably receive more development. In order to reduce R&D costs, it is obviously the simplest and fastest to use existing vehicles and other components and simply replace the operating tools to meet different usage functions. This will lead to the next question. The speed of replacing the operating tools and the stability of the operation after replacement are important issues that need to be paid attention to.

[0003] Existing technologies such as "Locking chuck type hydraulic excavator tool quick-change device" (CN 111270717 B) provide a locking mechanism including a guide plate assembly, a locking quick assembly, a special plate assembly and a hydraulic cylinder assembly, so that the guide plate assembly, the locking block assembly and the special plate assembly can lock and prevent the cap assembly from loosening under the action of the hydraulic cylinder assembly, thereby providing a device that controls the mechanical structure by a hydraulic system to achieve rapid tool replacement.

[0004] Prior art, such as "A quick-change device for excavators" (CN 118007724 A), has a connector for connecting to an excavator arranged on the upper part of the connecting frame body; a locking hook mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the connecting frame body, the locking hook mechanism includes a front lock and a rear locking hook, the openings of the front locking hook and the rear locking hook are arranged back to back, the front locking hook and the rear locking hook are respectively connected to the front pin shaft and the rear pin shaft of the accessory; the rear locking hook is connected to a sliding block slidably connected to the connecting frame body, an elastic driving mechanism is arranged in the connecting frame body, the sliding block is connected to the elastic driving mechanism, the elastic driving mechanism pushes the rear locking hook to move back to the front locking hook to lock the accessory, thereby achieving the purpose of replacement.

[0005] Existing technologies such as "A quick-change device for accessories and a telescopic arm forklift" (CN 219730464 U) have a right side plate and a left side plate symmetrically connected to a sleeve, wherein the middle of the right side plate and the left side plate are connected to a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft from top to bottom in sequence, and a third connecting shaft is sleeved in the sleeve, and a pull ring is provided at one end of the third connecting shaft and a safety pin is connected to the other end, so that forklift accessories can be replaced in sequence.

[0006] The above existing technologies have the following problems: 1. The existing quick-change device itself cannot be adjusted in position, which makes it inconvenient to operate in some narrow places or in the case of other obstacles at the construction site; 2. The existing quick-change device has low replacement efficiency and accuracy when there is no one on duty nearby; 3. The control pipeline of the operating tool is external and complicated, which may cause accidental damage during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of operating tool quick-change device to overcome the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings and defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a quick-change device for working tools and an engineering vehicle thereof, which realizes 360° rotation of the quick-change device through a combination of a worm gear and a locking cylinder; adopts a wedge-shaped mounting surface and an external monitoring device; and integrates the control oil circuit of the working tool.

[0008] Technical solution: A quick-change device for working tools of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a worm gear combination, a locking cylinder and an electrical wiring harness, a camera is provided at the end of the electrical wiring harness; the worm of the worm gear combination includes a worm wheel I and a worm wheel II, the worm includes a worm wheel I and a worm wheel II, both of which are driven by a built-in motor, and the two sets of worm gears are meshed through gears, and the driven worm wheel rotates around the fixed center line of the worm wheel under the drive of the worm wheel, so that the working tool with the quick-change device can rotate around the axis of the worm wheel I, i.e., the X-axis, and the axis of the worm wheel II, i.e., the Y-axis, so as to adjust the forward and backward swing of the working tool and the direction of the rotating oil port, and replace the working tool.

[0009] The worm wheel I is driven by a worm I, and the worm wheel II is driven by a worm II. Both the worm wheel I and the worm wheel II are provided with a worm rod.

[0010] Among them, the locking cylinder includes a locking cylinder I and a locking cylinder II. The main body of the locking cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod. The locking cylinder is driven by oil supply through the locking cylinder oil supply pipe. Oil enters the large cavity, and the cylinder rod extends and combines with the corresponding interface of the working tool to realize the combination of the quick device and the working tool; by canceling the large cavity oil pressure, the cylinder rod retracts under the action of the locking cylinder return spring, and the large cavity hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank through the locking cylinder oil supply pipe, thereby realizing the disengagement of the quick-change device from the working tool.

[0011] Among them, the locking cylinder oil supply pipe includes a locking cylinder oil supply pipe I and a locking cylinder oil supply pipe II, the locking cylinder oil supply pipe I is connected to the locking cylinder I, and the locking cylinder oil supply pipe II is connected to the locking cylinder II.

[0012] Among them, the locking cylinder return spring includes a locking cylinder return spring I and a locking cylinder return spring II, the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I is connected to the locking cylinder return spring II, and the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II is connected to the locking cylinder return spring I.

[0013] Among them, the cylinder rods of the locking cylinder I and the locking cylinder II are both hollow rods, and the rod heads are quick-insertion structures.

[0014] Among them, the joint surfaces between the working tool and the quick-change device are both wedge-shaped structures, and the working tool oil supply pipe built into the working tool supplies oil to the working tool through a hollow cylinder rod.

[0015] Among them, the working tool oil supply pipe includes a working tool oil supply pipe I and a working tool oil supply pipe II, the working tool oil supply pipe I is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I, and the working tool oil supply pipe II is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II.

[0016] Wherein, the electrical wiring harness is installed on the quick-change device through a wiring harness return spring.

[0017] An engineering vehicle using the working tool quick-change device of the present invention.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The present invention realizes 360° rotation of the quick-change device through the combination of the worm gear and the locking cylinder, solving the problem of inconvenient operation of replacing working tools in narrow construction sites and obstacles. The present invention solves the problem of low installation accuracy and difficulty in replacing working tools by adopting a wedge-shaped mounting surface and an external monitoring device. The present invention solves the problem of easy damage to the pipeline during vehicle operation by internalizing the control oil circuit of the working tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grab bucket of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the grab bucket of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bucket of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is the excavation operation diagram of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure, 1 is a worm I; 2 is a worm wheel I; 3 is a worm II; 4 is a worm wheel II; 5 is a locking cylinder oil supply pipe I; 6 is a locking cylinder oil supply pipe II; 7 is an operating tool oil supply pipe I; 8 is an operating tool oil supply pipe II; 9 is an electrical wiring harness; 10 is a return spring for the wiring harness; 11 is a locking cylinder I; 12 is a locking cylinder II; 13 is a locking cylinder return spring I; 14 is a locking cylinder return spring II; 15 is a turbine rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] The quick-change device for working tools of the present invention comprises a turbine-worm combination, a locking oil cylinder and an electrical harness 9. A camera is provided at the end of the electrical harness 9 to assist the process of changing working tools, so as to ensure the speed and accuracy of changing working tools even when no one is on duty nearby. The turbine of the turbine-worm combination comprises a worm wheel I2 and a worm wheel II4, and the worm comprises a worm wheel I1 and a worm wheel II3. Both the worm wheel I1 and the worm wheel II3 are driven by a built-in motor. The two sets of turbine-worm wheels are meshed by gears. The driven worm wheel rotates around the fixed center line of the worm wheel under the drive of the worm wheel, so that the working tools of the quick-change device rotate around the axis of the worm wheel I2, i.e., the X-axis, and the axis of the worm wheel II4, i.e., the Y-axis, and adjust the forward and backward swing of the working tools and the direction of the rotating oil port to change the working tools. Among them, the worm wheel I2 is driven by the worm wheel I1, and the worm wheel II4 is driven by the worm wheel II3. Both the worm wheel I2 and the worm wheel II4 are provided with a turbine rod 15.

[0027] The locking oil cylinder of the present invention includes a locking oil cylinder I11 and a locking oil cylinder II12. The main body of the locking oil cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod. The locking oil cylinder is driven by oil supply through the locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe. Oil enters the large cavity, and the cylinder rod extends and combines with the corresponding interface of the working tool to realize the combination of the quick device and the working tool. By canceling the oil pressure in the large cavity, the cylinder rod retracts under the action of the locking oil cylinder return spring, and the large cavity hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank through the locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe, so that the quick change device is disengaged from the working tool. The locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe includes a locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe I5 and a locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe II6. The locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe I5 is connected to the locking oil cylinder I11, and the locking oil cylinder oil supply pipe II6 is connected to the locking oil cylinder II12. The locking cylinder return spring includes a locking cylinder return spring I13 and a locking cylinder return spring II14. The cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I11 is connected to the locking cylinder return spring II14, and the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II12 is connected to the locking cylinder return spring I13.

[0028] The cylinder rods of the locking cylinder I11 and the locking cylinder II12 of the present invention are both hollow rods, and the rod heads are divided into quick-insert structures. The joint surfaces of the working tool and the quick-change device are both wedge-shaped structures to ensure that the joint surfaces are tightly connected and there is no swing. The working tool oil supply pipe built into the working tool supplies oil to the working tool through the hollow cylinder rod. The working tool oil supply pipe includes a working tool oil supply pipe I7 and a working tool oil supply pipe II8. The working tool oil supply pipe I7 is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I11, and the working tool oil supply pipe II8 is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II12. The electrical wiring harness 9 is installed on the quick-change device through a wiring harness return spring 10. The wiring harness can move back and forth and return within a certain range, so that the wiring harness and the camera have a certain deflection in the front and rear directions, reducing the impact of vibration and impact on the camera during the operation of the working tool, tightening the wiring harness, and avoiding the wiring harness from being squeezed and broken during the operation.

[0029] The present invention cooperates with two sets of worm gears (the worm is active, the worm wheel is driven, and the built-in motor is used to drive the worm wheel around its axis through the meshing of the worm and the worm gear, so as to realize the rotation of the working tool around the X-axis and the Y-axis, thereby adjusting the orientation of the working tool and improving its adaptability to working conditions. The quick-change device of the present invention uses a hydraulically controlled locking cylinder to cooperate with the return spring to retract and retract, so as to realize the disconnection and connection between the quick-change device and the working tool. The combination surface of the working tool and the quick-change device of the present invention is a wedge-shaped structure, which can prevent the working tool from swinging after the combination. The present invention improves the efficiency of replacing the working tool by adding a camera to monitor the connection and disconnection between the quick-change device and the working tool, without the need for the cooperation of the nearby personnel on duty. The locking cylinder of the present invention is composed of a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod. The cylinder rod is a hollow rod, and the rod head is a quick-insert form. The hollow rod, the oil supply pipeline and the oil pipe on the working tool form an oil supply circuit to control the operation of the working tool. The built-in oil circuit reduces the weight of the oil cylinder, and at the same time avoids the risk of failure of the external oil pipe due to damage.

[0030] The present invention adopts a turbine worm gear combination, which can realize the adjustment of different angles of the quick-change device, and adapt to the replacement of working tools at different angles under various conditions; the wedge-shaped installation joint surface makes it easier to install the working tool, and it is firmly fixed and has little swing after the combination; the quick-change device has a built-in hydraulic locking cylinder, and the cylinder is a hollow rod structure, and the rod head is a quick-insert form, which can realize the pipeline locking without working tools and the oil circuit connection after the connection tool; the working oil circuit is built-in to meet the complex working environment and avoid damage to the pipeline; the locking cylinder cooperates with the return spring to control the extension and contraction of the cylinder rod to realize the structural form of the working lock replacement and locking. The working tools are not limited to grab buckets, digging buckets and shovels, but also include other tools used for engineering operations. In conjunction with vehicles, mechanical arms, quick-change devices and working tools, hydraulically driven operations and engineering vehicles operating in multiple working conditions are realized.

Claims

1. A quick-change device for working tools, characterized in that: The invention comprises a turbine-worm gear combination, a locking oil cylinder and an electrical harness (9), wherein a camera is arranged at the end of the electrical harness (9); the turbine of the turbine-worm gear combination comprises a worm wheel I (2) and a worm wheel II (4), the worm comprises a worm wheel I (1) and a worm wheel II (3), both the worm wheel I (1) and the worm wheel II (3) are driven by a built-in motor, the two sets of turbine-worm gears are meshed by gears, the driven worm wheel rotates around the fixed center line of the worm wheel under the drive of the worm wheel, so that the working tool of the quick-change device rotates around the axis of the worm wheel I (2), i.e., the X axis, and the axis of the worm wheel II (4), i.e., the Y axis, so as to adjust the forward and backward swing of the working tool and the direction of the rotating oil port, and replace the working tool; the working tool comprises a grab bucket, a digging bucket and a shovel bucket.

2. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm wheel I (2) is driven by the worm I (1), and the worm wheel II (4) is driven by the worm II (3). Both the worm wheel I (2) and the worm wheel II (4) are provided with a worm gear (15).

3. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking cylinder comprises a locking cylinder I (11) and a locking cylinder II (12). The main body of the locking cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod. The locking cylinder is driven by oil supply through a locking cylinder oil supply pipe. Oil enters the large cavity, and the cylinder rod extends and is combined with the corresponding interface of the working tool to realize the combination of the quick device and the working tool. By canceling the oil pressure in the large cavity, the cylinder rod retracts under the action of the locking cylinder return spring, and the large cavity hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank through the locking cylinder oil supply pipe, thereby realizing the disengagement of the quick-change device from the working tool.

4. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking cylinder oil supply pipe comprises a locking cylinder oil supply pipe I (5) and a locking cylinder oil supply pipe II (6), wherein the locking cylinder oil supply pipe I (5) is connected to the locking cylinder I (11), and the locking cylinder oil supply pipe II (6) is connected to the locking cylinder II (12).

5. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking cylinder return spring comprises a locking cylinder return spring I (13) and a locking cylinder return spring II (14), the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I (11) is connected to the locking cylinder return spring II (14), and the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II (12) is connected to the locking cylinder return spring I (13).

6. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cylinder rods of the locking oil cylinder I (11) and the locking oil cylinder II (12) are both hollow rods, and the rod heads are quick-insertion structures.

7. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The engaging surfaces of the working tool and the quick-change device are both wedge-shaped structures, and the working tool oil supply pipe built into the working tool supplies oil to the working tool through the hollow cylinder rod.

8. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The working tool oil supply pipe includes a working tool oil supply pipe I (7) and a working tool oil supply pipe II (8). The working tool oil supply pipe I (7) is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder I (11), and the working tool oil supply pipe II (8) is connected to the cylinder rod of the locking cylinder II (12).

9. The working tool quick-change device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical wiring harness (9) is installed on the quick-change device via a wiring harness return spring (10).

10. An engineering vehicle using the working tool quick-change device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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