Dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift and design method of hydrodynamic system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of display models, and more specifically to a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift and a design method for a hydraulic power system, comprising a base, a hydraulic power system, a hydraulic ship lift display structure, a pilot channel model and a simulated ship model, wherein a downstream pilot channel at a first height and an upstream pilot channel at a second height are provided above the base; the hydraulic power system comprises a pool, a water filling pipeline and a water discharge pipeline. The dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift proposed in the present application can intuitively display its working principle and key structures to the public, and through the coordination of the hydraulic power system and the mechanical system, the water surface in the shaft and the buoy can be synchronously raised and lowered, and the simulated ship model can be raised and lowered to pilot channels at different heights through a ship-carrying box, simulating the action of a real ship going up or down over a dam, and can also match appropriate hydraulic power system parameters according to different design requirements, solving the technical problems in the design of a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of display models, and in particular to a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift and a design method for a water power system. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic ship lift is a navigation structure for high dams and large reservoirs. It uses the water level difference between upstream and downstream to fill and discharge water into the shaft, change the buoyancy of the counterweight to drive the boat compartment up and down, and realize the ship's upward and downward passage over the dam. At present, more and more popular science activities focus on interactivity, especially through information and visualization to improve the popular science effect. In order to enable the public to better understand and apply the innovative technology of hydraulic ship lift, it is necessary to make corresponding popular science models to intuitively show the public its working principle and structure, and improve the popularity and influence of hydraulic ship lift.

[0003] In order to achieve the ideal popular science effect, the popular science model should be easy to carry, transfer and display on the podium. The interactive hydraulic ship lift dynamic display model can meet the requirements. The difference between this model and the experimental model used in actual engineering is that in the laboratory, a 1:10~1:30 scale model is usually used to complete hydraulic experiments. For example, in the hydraulic model test of the ship lift, the purpose is to demonstrate the principle that the water pipeline of the hydraulic ship lift and the water buoyancy in the shaft raise and lower the buoy and then drive the lifting of the ship compartment. Therefore, the shaft, water pipeline and gate valve, as well as the ship compartment and buoy in the 1:10~1:30 scale model are obtained after repeated experiments and demonstrations to obtain a reasonable scale ratio, and the process is complicated.

[0004] As mentioned above, due to the differences in materials, manufacturing processes and functions, it is impossible to scale down a real hydraulic ship lift to obtain a display model. At the same time, in order to demonstrate the hydraulic lifting principle, the site conditions of the display scene and the model height are also taken into consideration. Therefore, how to reasonably design the model size of the hydraulic ship lift and how to display the technical principles and characteristics of the hydraulic ship lift to the public through a dynamic display model are issues that need to be urgently addressed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the ship lift display model in the prior art, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a hydraulic ship lift dynamic display model is proposed, comprising a base, a water power system, a hydraulic ship lift display structure, a pilot channel model and a simulated ship model;

[0006] The pilot channel model includes a downstream pilot channel at a first height connected to the base and an upstream pilot channel at a second height;

[0007] The water power system comprises a water pool, a water filling pipeline and a water discharge pipeline, wherein the water pool is arranged below the cover plate of the base;

[0008] The hydraulic ship lift display structure is arranged above the cover plate, and the hydraulic ship lift display structure includes a water pipeline, a shaft, a ship holding chamber, a buoy and a mechanical system;

[0009] The water inlet end of the water filling pipeline is connected to the water pump arranged at the bottom of the pool, the water outlet end of the water filling pipeline is connected to the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline, and the water inlet end of the water discharge pipeline is connected to the water outlet end of the water delivery pipeline, so as to discharge the water in the water delivery pipeline into the pool;

[0010] The water delivery pipeline adopts a four-level branch pipeline to evenly distribute the water flow at the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline to 16 vertical shafts. The 16 vertical shafts are divided into two rows. A lifting channel capable of accommodating the ship carriage to complete the lifting process is formed between the two rows of vertical shafts. The ship carriage can be lifted to a first height or a second height in the lifting channel.

[0011] The water outlet of the water filling pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the water delivery pipeline, the water pump is used to pump water into the vertical shaft so that the water level in the vertical shaft reaches a preset height, the water inlet of the water discharge pipeline is connected to the water discharge end of the water delivery pipeline, and is used to discharge the water in the vertical shaft into the pool, and the water outlet of the water discharge pipeline is provided with a valve structure, and the valve structure is used to control the conduction state of the water discharge pipeline;

[0012] The mechanical system is arranged above the shaft, and the mechanical system comprises a winding drive structure and a pulling rope, the buoy is arranged in the shaft, the pulling rope is connected to the buoy and the ship-carrying box, and the winding drive structure is used to drive the ship-carrying box and the buoy to rise and fall at a predetermined speed;

[0013] The simulated ship model is configured to be movable between the downstream pilot channel, the upstream pilot channel and the carrier;

[0014] Wherein, the moving direction of the ship-carrying box is opposite to the moving direction of the buoy;

[0015] When the boat carrier moves downward, the buoy moves upward in the shaft, and the water pump is configured to pump water into the shaft at a predetermined flow rate so that the rising speed of the water level in the shaft matches the rising speed of the buoy;

[0016] When the ship-carrying box moves upward, the buoy moves downward in the shaft, and the valve structure is configured to control the drainage flow of the drainage pipeline according to a predetermined opening, so that the water level drop speed in the shaft matches the drop speed of the buoy.

[0017] Preferably, a support frame extending to the top of the shaft is provided on the base, and the support frame is located outside all the shafts. The winding drive structure includes a first group of driving structures and a second group of driving structures located on both sides of the lifting channel. Each group of driving structures includes a hoisting motor and a plurality of coaxially connected winding rollers. The hoisting motor and the winding rollers are both connected to the support frame. The first end of the pulling rope is connected to the support frame, and the second end is sequentially passed around the fixed pulley of the buoy and the winding roller to be connected to the ship-carrying box. When the hoisting motor drives the winding roller to rotate, the buoy and the ship-carrying box move synchronously.

[0018] The hoisting motor in the first driving structure and the hoisting motor in the second driving structure are controlled in parallel.

[0019] Preferably, the ship-carrying chamber is designed to be in the shape of a box with an open upper end, and flaps are provided at both ends of the ship-carrying chamber, and the flaps include an open position and a closed position;

[0020] When the flap is in the open position, the flap can dock with the downstream pilot channel or the upstream pilot channel;

[0021] When the flap is in the closed position, the flap is in contact with the side wall of the boat carrier.

[0022] Preferably, the downstream pilot channel, the upstream pilot channel and the bottom of the ship-carrying chamber are all provided with tracks, the simulated ship model is provided with a microcontroller inside, and track wheels are provided at the bottom, and the simulated ship model moves in the downstream pilot channel, the upstream pilot channel or the ship-carrying chamber under the drive of the microcontroller;

[0023] The downstream pilot channel, the upstream pilot channel and the ship-carrying box are all provided with inductive elements for controlling the driving state of the simulated ship model and the position state of the flap.

[0024] Preferably, the water filling pipeline and the water discharge pipeline have the same diameter as the water supply pipeline. The water supply pipeline is configured to include a horizontal pipeline and a plurality of diversion branches connected in series. The inlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the water filling pipeline, and the outlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the water discharge pipeline. The diversion branches are connected to the horizontal pipeline. The diversion branches are a one-to-two flow equalizing structure, including an input end and two output ends, for evenly inputting the water flow at the water inlet end of the water supply pipeline into each vertical shaft.

[0025] Preferably, a first flow valve is provided on the water filling pipeline, and a first solenoid valve is provided at the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline, and a second solenoid valve is provided at the water outlet end, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are used to control the on-off of the water filling pipeline, and the first flow valve is used to control the flow at the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline;

[0026] The valve structure includes a second flow valve and a third solenoid valve, wherein the third solenoid valve is used to control the on-off of the drainage pipeline, and the second flow valve is used to adjust the flow at the drainage end of the drainage pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes a controller, which is configured to control the simulated ship model, the ship-carrying compartment, the mechanical system and the hydrodynamic system to perform display actions according to the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: The model is in a ready state, the position of the ship-carrying box is detected, the ship-carrying box is placed at a first height position or a second height position, and the water power system is controlled to make the water level in the shaft consistent with the current height of the buoy;

[0029] Step 2, placing the simulated ship model in the downstream pilot channel or upstream pilot channel corresponding to the position of the ship-carrying compartment;

[0030] Step 3, the simulated ship model moves along the downstream pilot channel or the upstream pilot channel toward the ship-carrying box;

[0031] Step 4: When the simulated ship model reaches the docking area with the ship-carrying box, the flap on the corresponding side of the ship-carrying box opens, and when the simulated ship model moves to the target area of ​​the ship-carrying box, the flap closes;

[0032] Step 5: The mechanical system drives the ship carrier at a predetermined speed v 厢 Move from the first height to the second height or from the second height to the first height until reaching the first height or the second height, while the buoy keeps rising and falling in the shaft at the same speed, and the hydrodynamic system controls the water level in the shaft to keep rising and falling synchronously with the buoy;

[0033] Step 6: The flap on the side of the ship-carrying compartment corresponding to the downstream pilot channel or the upstream pilot channel is opened, and the flap is closed after the simulated ship model leaves the ship-carrying compartment;

[0034] Among them, in step 5, the filling flow and discharge flow of the hydrodynamic system satisfy Q = 4πd2 2 v 厢 , d2 is the diameter of the shaft.

[0035] Preferably, the diameters of the water delivery pipeline, the water filling pipeline and the water discharge pipeline are all defined as d1, the diameter of the vertical shaft is d2, the number of the vertical shafts is 16, and the minimum water level Z in the vertical shaft is min is the first water level, the maximum water level Z in the shaft max is the second water level, the water level difference between the first water level and the second water level is ∆Z, and the speed of the ship compartment rising and falling is defined as v 厢 The bottom cross-sectional area of ​​the pool is A 池 The height from the water pipeline inlet to the shaft inlet is Z0, and the height from the water pipeline inlet to the bottom of the pool is Zx ;

[0036] Among them, the flow rate of the water pump meets: Q 泵 ≥4πd2 2 v 厢 ;

[0037] The water depth of the pool and the lift of the water pump before the shaft is filled with water must meet the following requirements:

[0038] h+h t ≥Z max +h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+h wx +Z x , where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the depth of the pool before the shaft is filled with water, and h t is the head of the pump, h w is the head loss from the water pipeline inlet to the maximum water level in the shaft, h wx It is the head loss from the water filling pipeline inlet to the water delivery pipeline inlet;

[0039] The water depth h' of the pool before the shaft discharge meets the following requirements:

[0040] h'≦Z min -h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+Z x -h wy , where g is the acceleration of gravity, h' is the depth of the pool before the shaft is discharged, and h w is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft to the inlet of the water pipeline, h wy It is the head loss from the inlet to the outlet of the drainage pipe;

[0041] The volume W of the pool satisfies:

[0042] W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min )≦W≦W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h' A 池 , where W 初 is the minimum water level Z from the pool to the shaft min Required water supply.

[0043] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for designing a hydrodynamic system of a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: multiple sections are set on the water filling pipeline and the water discharge pipeline according to the hydrodynamic system and the water delivery pipeline of the model, wherein at least one section is at the highest water level of the shaft and is defined as the target section;

[0045] Step 2: According to the display requirements, the proposed lifting height and speed of the ship carriage are used as variable design quantities, the filling and discharge pipe diameter d1, the shaft diameter d2, the water delivery pipe height Z0, the base height Z x and the pool bottom area A 池 As known quantities, the required kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the inlet end of the filling pipeline and the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the outlet end of the discharge pipeline are calculated using the unsteady flow energy equation based on the energy of the target section;

[0046] Step 3: According to the proposed lifting height ∆Z and speed v of the carrier 厢 , get the pump flow rate Q 泵 =4πd2 2 v 厢 ;

[0047] According to the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy required at the inlet of the water filling pipeline, the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy of the axial section of the water delivery pipeline and the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the outlet of the water discharge pipeline, the relationship between the pump head ht, the water depth of the pool before the shaft is filled with water h, the water depth of the pool before the shaft is discharged h', the height from the water delivery pipeline inlet to the bottom of the pool Zx, and the height from the water delivery pipeline inlet to the shaft inlet Z0 is obtained;

[0048] The water depth in the pool and the pump head before the shaft is filled with water meet the following requirements:

[0049] h+h t ≥Z max +h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+h wx +Z x , where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the depth of the pool before the shaft is filled with water, and h t is the head of the pump, h w is the head loss from the water pipeline inlet to the maximum water level in the shaft, h wx It is the head loss from the water filling pipeline inlet to the water delivery pipeline inlet;

[0050] The water depth h' of the pool before the shaft discharge meets the following requirements:

[0051] h'≦Z min -h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+Z x -h wy, where g is the acceleration of gravity, h' is the depth of the pool before the shaft is discharged, and h w is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft to the inlet of the water pipeline, h wy It is the head loss from the inlet to the outlet of the drainage pipe;

[0052] The volume W of the pool satisfies:

[0053] W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min )≦W≦W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h' A 池 , where W 初 The minimum water level Z in the shaft when the water surface is filled from the pool into the shaft min The water supply required for the filling pipeline.

[0054] Preferably, in step 1, 4 sections, 0-0, 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3, are set:

[0055] Section 0-0 is the water level position in the pool before the shaft is filled with water;

[0056] Section 1-1 is the location of the water pipeline inlet;

[0057] Section 2-2 is where the shaft is at the highest water level;

[0058] Section 3-3 is the location of the water pipeline outlet, where section 2-2 is the target section;

[0059] Among them, at section 2-2, the pressure energy is 0 and the kinetic energy is v 厢 2 / 2g, the potential energy is Z0+Z x +Z max -Z min ;

[0060] In step 2, during the water filling process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 1-1, section 1-1 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the minimum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0. During the water discharge process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 3-3, section 3-3 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the maximum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic ship lift dynamic display model and the hydrodynamic system design method proposed in the present invention have the following significant advantages:

[0062] The dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift proposed in the present invention can intuitively display the key structure of the hydraulic ship lift and its dynamic working principle. Through the coordination of the hydrodynamic system and the mechanical system, the water surface in the shaft and the pontoon can be synchronously raised and lowered. The simulated ship model can be raised and lowered to the pilot channel at different heights through the ship holding chamber, simulating the action of a real ship going up or down over the dam. In addition, the present application can match appropriate hydrodynamic system parameters according to different design requirements, such as the lifting height and lifting speed of different ship holding chambers, so that the volume of the model and the distribution of the various structures are reasonable, thereby solving the technical problems in the design of the dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in each figure may be represented by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0064] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upstream pilot channel at the second height of the ship-carrying compartment in the dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift shown in the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the downstream pilot channel at the first height of the ship-carrying compartment in the dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift shown in the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mechanical system shown in the present invention.

[0067] Figure 4 It is a side view of the mechanical system shown in the present invention.

[0068] Figure 5 It is a top view of the mechanical system shown in the present invention.

[0069] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water power system shown in the present invention.

[0070] The reference numerals in the various embodiments of the present invention are defined as follows:

[0071] 100, base; 101, cover plate; 110, downstream pilot channel; 120, upstream pilot channel;

[0072] 200, water tank; 210, water pump; 220, water filling pipeline; 221, first flow valve; 222, first solenoid valve; 223, second solenoid valve; 230, water discharge pipeline; 231, second flow valve; 232, third solenoid valve; 240, drain pipe;

[0073] 310, water pipeline; 311, diversion branch; 320, vertical shaft; 330, support frame;

[0074] 400, ship-carrying compartment; 410, flap;

[0075] 500, mechanical system; 510, winch motor; 520, winding roller; 530, pulling rope; 540, buoy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are given and described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0077] It should be understood that the technical feature of a hydraulic ship lift is that the buoyancy of the counterweight is changed by filling and draining water in the shaft to drive the lifting of the ship carriage. At the same time, a synchronous shaft is used to drive a drum to pull multiple steel wires to coordinately control the lifting of the ship carriage. The difference between the production of a dynamic display model and a real physical ship lift is that the ship carriage can only be lifted and lowered by a winch and cannot be driven hydraulically. However, when displaying the model, the water level in the shaft must be controlled to match the height of the buoy to reflect the technical features of the hydraulic ship lift.

[0078] It should be understood that the design lifting height and lifting speed of the ship compartment in the model are different for different display needs. Therefore, how to manufacture a suitable dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift according to the design requirements of different ship compartment lifting heights and speeds, especially the selection of water pumps and water tanks in the hydrodynamic system, the design of the filling and discharge water pipeline structure, and the simulation control of the filling and discharge water flow and time are technical difficulties in designing the model.

[0079] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art in the design and implementation of a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift, the present invention aims to propose a dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift based on the hydraulic synchronization and coordination between a motor-driven ship holding chamber (including a ship model) and a hydraulically driven shaft, so as to reflect the technical characteristics of the hydraulic ship lift. At the same time, a hydraulic system design method is also proposed to solve the technical problems in different hydraulic systems caused by different display requirements.

[0080] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 100, a hydrodynamic system, a hydraulic ship lift display structure, a pilot channel model and a simulated ship model.

[0081] A downstream pilot channel 110 at a first height and an upstream pilot channel 120 at a second height are provided above the base 100, wherein the downstream pilot channel 110 is used to simulate the pilot channel downstream of the dam, and the upstream pilot channel 120 is used to simulate the pilot channel in the dam reservoir area. The characteristic of the hydraulic ship lift is that it has greater advantages when the water level difference between the upstream and downstream of the dam is large. Therefore, the height difference between the downstream pilot channel 110 and the upstream pilot channel 120 is used as one of the display features, and the height difference between the two can be designed according to the size of the display site and the display requirements.

[0082] Furthermore, the water power system includes a water pool 200 , a water filling pipeline 220 and a water discharge pipeline 230 , and the water pool 200 is arranged below the cover plate 101 of the base 100 .

[0083] The water pool 200 is also provided with a drain pipe 240 for draining the water in the water pool 200 during non-display periods to facilitate transportation and storage.

[0084] Among them, a display area is formed above the cover plate 101 of the base 100, that is, the area below the cover plate 101 of the base 100 is a covered area and does not need to be displayed to visitors. The structures above the cover plate 101 of the base 100 are all display structures, which show the hydrodynamic structural characteristics to visitors, so as to help visitors better understand the structural characteristics and working principles of the hydraulic ship lift.

[0085] Specifically, the hydraulic ship lift display structure includes a water pipeline 310 , a shaft 320 , a ship holding chamber 400 , a buoy 540 and a mechanical system 500 .

[0086] The water pipeline 310 is one of the key structures that needs to be shown to visitors. The water pipeline 310 is arranged above the base 100 , wherein the water pipeline 310 adopts a four-level branch pipeline to evenly distribute the water flow at the water inlet end of the water pipeline 310 to 16 vertical shafts 320 .

[0087] Furthermore, the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline 220 is connected to the water pump 210 arranged at the bottom of the pool 200 , the water outlet end is connected to the water delivery pipeline 310 , and the water inlet end of the water discharge pipeline 230 is connected to the water delivery pipeline 310 .

[0088] Specifically, the water pump 210 is used to pump water into the vertical shaft 320. That is, when the water level in the vertical shaft 320 needs to be raised, the water pump 210 is turned on to raise the water level in the vertical shaft 320. When the water level in the vertical shaft 320 needs to be controlled to drop, the water in the vertical shaft 320 is discharged into the pool 200 through the drain pipe 230.

[0089] In order to facilitate the control of the water discharge state of the water discharge pipeline 230, a valve structure is provided at the water outlet end of the water discharge pipeline 230, and the valve structure is used to control the conduction state of the water discharge pipeline 230, and the conduction state includes on-off and flow size state.

[0090] Specifically, the water delivery pipeline 310 is responsible for distributing water to a plurality of vertical shafts 320 and ensuring that the water level in each vertical shaft 320 is consistent.

[0091] Furthermore, the plurality of shafts 320 are arranged in two rows, and a lifting passage is formed between the two rows of shafts 320. The ship-carrying compartment 400 is arranged in the lifting passage and can be lifted to a first height or a second height in the lifting passage.

[0092] Further, the simulated ship model is configured to be movable between the downstream pilot channel 110 , the upstream pilot channel 120 and the ship-carrying box 400 .

[0093] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the ship-carrying chamber 400 is designed to be in a box shape with an open upper end, and flaps 410 are provided at both ends of the ship-carrying chamber 400, and the flaps 410 include an open position and a closed position.

[0094] When the flap 410 is in the open position, the flap 410 can dock with the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120 ; when the flap 410 is in the closed position, the flap 410 fits with the side wall of the ship-carrying compartment 400 .

[0095] In an optional embodiment, tracks are provided at the bottom of the downstream pilot channel 110, the upstream pilot channel 120 and the ship holding chamber 400, a microcontroller is provided inside the simulated ship model, and track wheels are provided at the bottom. The simulated ship model moves in the downstream pilot channel 110, the upstream pilot channel 120 or the ship holding chamber 400 driven by the microcontroller; inductance elements are provided on the downstream pilot channel 110, the upstream pilot channel 120 and the ship holding chamber 400 for controlling the driving state of the simulated ship model and the position state of the flap 410.

[0096] In this way, the simulated ship model simulates the movement of the ship in the waterway through the cooperation of the track and the track wheel.

[0097] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the automatic control of the model, inductive elements are provided on the downstream pilot channel 110 , the upstream pilot channel 120 and the ship-carrying compartment 400 for controlling the driving state of the track wheel and the position state of the flap 410 .

[0098] Optionally, a first photoelectric sensor is provided at one end of the downstream pilot channel 110 close to the ship holding chamber 400, a second photoelectric sensor is provided at one end of the upstream pilot channel 120 close to the ship holding chamber 400, a third photoelectric sensor is provided in the ship holding chamber 400, a fourth photoelectric sensor is provided at the placement position of the simulated ship model in the downstream pilot channel 110, and a fifth photoelectric sensor is provided at the placement position of the simulated ship model in the upstream pilot channel 120. The controller controls the driving state of the track wheels of the ship holding chamber 400 according to the action signals of each photoelectric sensor and the flap 410.

[0099] Furthermore, the model mainly relies on the mechanical system 500 to control the lifting and lowering of the ship-carrying box 400. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the base 100 is connected to a support frame 330 extending above the vertical shaft 320, and all the vertical shafts 320 are on the inner side of the support frame 330. The mechanical system 500 includes a winding drive structure and a pulling rope 530. The float 540 is arranged in the vertical shaft 320, and the float 540 can be raised and lowered in the vertical shaft 320 to reach different heights.

[0100] In order to control the synchronous lifting and lowering of the buoy 540 and the ship holding box 400, that is, to have the same moving speed, the buoy 540 and the ship holding box 400 are connected by a pulling rope 530, wherein the winding drive structure is used to drive the ship holding box 400 and the buoy 540 to move at a predetermined speed, that is, the design speed of the ship holding box 400.

[0101] Combination Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the winding drive structure includes a first set of drive structures and a second set of drive structures located on both sides of the lifting channel.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the support frame 330 also includes rails arranged on both sides of the lifting channel, which play a role in limiting and guiding the lifting and lowering of the ship-bearing box 400, thereby preventing the ship-bearing box 400 from shaking.

[0103] Each set of driving structures includes a hoisting motor 510 and a plurality of coaxially connected winding rollers 520 , and both the hoisting motor 510 and the winding rollers 520 are connected to the support frame 330 .

[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, the first end of the pulling rope 530 is connected to the support frame 330, and the second end is connected to the ship-carrying box 400 by passing through the fixed pulley of the buoy 540 and the winding roller 520 in sequence.

[0105] Therefore, when the hoisting motor 510 drives the winding roller 520 to rotate, the buoy 540 and the boat carrier 400 move synchronously.

[0106] In order to control the ship-carrying compartment 400 to maintain a stable posture during lifting and lowering, the hoisting motor 510 in the first drive structure and the hoisting motor 510 in the second drive structure are controlled in parallel, that is, all the winding rollers 520 have the same linear speed when rotating.

[0107] like Figure 4 As shown, the lifting direction of the ship-carrying box 400 is opposite to the lifting direction of the buoy 540.

[0108] Specifically, when the ship-carrying compartment 400 descends, the buoy 540 rises in the shaft 320 , and the water pump 210 is configured to pump water into the shaft 320 at a predetermined flow rate, so that the rising speed of the water level in the shaft 320 matches the rising speed of the buoy 540 .

[0109] Specifically, when the ship-carrying chamber 400 rises, the buoy 540 descends in the shaft 320 , and the valve structure is configured to control the drainage flow of the drainage pipeline 230 according to a predetermined opening, so that the water level drop speed in the shaft 320 matches the drop speed of the buoy 540 .

[0110] In a specific embodiment of a simulated ship model passing through a dam, the simulated ship model is placed at a placement position on the downstream pilot channel 110. At this time, the fourth photoelectric sensor is activated, and the electronic control element controls the track wheel of the simulated ship model to rotate until it moves to the second photoelectric sensor and stops. At this time, the flap 410 of the ship holding chamber 400 is opened, and the track wheel of the simulated ship model continues to rotate until it moves to the third photoelectric sensor and stops. At this time, the simulated ship model is in the ship holding chamber 400. When the flap 410 on the side close to the downstream pilot channel 110 is closed, the ship holding chamber 400 rises, and at the same time, the buoy 540 and the water level drop synchronously until the ship holding chamber 400 moves to a second height and docks with the upstream pilot channel 120. At this time, the flap 410 on the side close to the upstream pilot channel 120 is opened. After it is fully opened, the track wheel of the simulated ship model continues to rotate until it moves to the fifth photoelectric sensor, and the simulated ship model stops and reaches the upstream pilot channel 120.

[0111] In the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to reduce the head loss in the hydrodynamic system and to facilitate model making, the diameters of the water filling pipeline 220 and the water discharge pipeline 230 are set to be the same as the diameter of the water delivery pipeline 310 .

[0112] Among them, the water supply pipeline 310 is configured to include a horizontal pipeline and multiple diversion branches 311 connected in series. The inlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the water filling pipeline 220, and the outlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the drainage pipeline 230. The diversion branch 311 is connected to the horizontal pipeline. The diversion branch 311 is a one-to-two flow equalization structure, including an input end and two output ends, which is used to evenly input the water flow at the water inlet end of the water supply pipeline 310 into each vertical shaft 320.

[0113] Specifically, the water delivery pipeline 310 adopts a four-stage branch pipeline, and four times of diversion (one into two, two into four, four into eight, eight into sixteen) evenly distributes the water flow in the main pipeline of the water delivery pipeline 310 to 16 vertical shafts 320. Further, a first flow valve 221 is provided on the water filling pipeline 220, and a first solenoid valve 222 is provided at the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline 220, and a second solenoid valve 223 is provided at the water outlet end. The first solenoid valve 222 and the second solenoid valve 223 are used to control the on-off of the water filling pipeline 220, and the first flow valve 221 is used to control the flow at the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline 220.

[0114] Optionally, the valve structure includes a second flow valve 231 and a third solenoid valve 232 , wherein the third solenoid valve 232 is used to control the on-off of the drainage pipeline 230 , and the second flow valve 231 is used to adjust the flow at the drainage end of the drainage pipeline 230 .

[0115] In a preferred embodiment, the model further includes a controller, which is configured to control the hydrodynamic system, the simulated ship model ship compartment 400, and each actuator in the mechanical system 500 and perform the display action according to the following steps:

[0116] Step 1: The model is in a ready state, and the position of the ship-carrying box 400 is detected, so that the ship-carrying box 400 is at a first height position or a second height position, and the water power system is controlled so that the water level in the shaft 320 is consistent with the current height of the buoy 540;

[0117] Step 2: placing the simulated ship model in the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120 corresponding to the position of the ship receiving compartment 400;

[0118] Step 3, the simulated ship model moves along the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120 toward the ship receiving chamber 400;

[0119] Step 4: When the simulated ship model reaches the docking area with the ship holding chamber 400, the flap 410 on the corresponding side of the ship holding chamber 400 is opened, and when the simulated ship model moves to the target area of ​​the ship holding chamber 400, the flap 410 is closed;

[0120] Step 5: The mechanical system 500 drives the ship-carrying box 400 to move at a predetermined speed v 厢 Move from the first height to the second height or from the second height to the first height until reaching the first height or the second height. Meanwhile, the buoy 540 moves in the shaft 320 at the same speed. The water power system controls the water level in the shaft 320 to rise and fall synchronously with the buoy 540.

[0121] Step 6: The flap 410 on the side of the ship-carrying chamber 400 corresponding to the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120 is opened, and after the simulated ship model leaves the ship-carrying chamber 400, the flap 410 is closed;

[0122] Among them, in step 5, the filling flow and discharge flow of the hydrodynamic system satisfy Q = 4πd2 2 v 厢 , d2 is the diameter of the shaft 320 .

[0123] In step 1, the system includes two initial position states, namely, the position state of the ship carriage 400 at the first height or the position state of the second height. The user can select the position state of the ship carriage 400 at the first height or the position state of the second height, and when the ship carriage 400 is at the first height or the second height, the water level in the shaft 320 is also at the highest point Z correspondingly. max or the lowest point Z min .

[0124] Specifically, a position sensor is provided on the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120 to detect whether the ship holding box 400 is aligned with the downstream pilot channel 110 or the upstream pilot channel 120, and the controller determines whether the ship holding box 400 is in the initial position.

[0125] In steps 2 to 6, photoelectric sensors are provided on the downstream pilot channel 110, the upstream pilot channel 120 and the ship holding chamber 400 for detecting the position status of the simulated ship model. The controller controls the actions of the ship holding chamber 400, the mechanical system 500, the water pump 210 and the valves (including the opening and closing status of the solenoid valve and the opening size of the flow valve) in the hydrodynamic system according to the position status of the simulated ship model.

[0126] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the control of the response speed of the water level rise and fall in the ship-carrying chamber 400, the buoy 540 and the shaft 320, the water level in the shaft 320 is always at the lowest water level Z before the ship-carrying chamber 400 is raised or lowered. min Or the highest water level Z max If the water level in the shaft 320 does not reach the minimum water level Z min , the model can be prepared for water filling.

[0127] Combination Figure 6 As shown, during the water filling preparation process, the first flow valve 221, the first solenoid valve 222 and the second solenoid valve 223 are opened, the second flow valve 231 and the third solenoid valve 232 are closed, and water is pumped by the water pump 210. The water enters the water delivery pipeline 310 through the water filling pipeline 220, a part of the water fills the water discharge pipeline 230, and the rest flows to the bottom of each shaft 320 through the diversion branch 311 until the lowest water level Z is reached. minAt this time, the ship-carrying box 400 is at the highest point, that is, aligned with the height of the upstream pilot channel 120, and the buoy 540 (the middle position of the buoy 540) is at the lowest point, aligned with the lowest water level Z min Flush.

[0128] Combination Figure 6 As shown, during the water filling process (when the mechanical system 500 drives the boat carrier 400 at a predetermined speed v 厢 The first flow valve 221, the first electromagnetic valve 222 and the second electromagnetic valve 223 are opened, the second flow valve 231 and the third electromagnetic valve 232 are closed, and water is pumped by the water pump 210. By selecting a suitable flow rate of the water pump 210, the rising speed of the water level in each shaft 320 is the same as the rising speed of the buoy 540 in the shaft 320, until the water level in the shaft 320 reaches the highest water level Z max At this time, the buoy 540 (the middle position of the buoy 540) also reaches the highest point, which is consistent with the highest water level Z max The ship support box 400 is flush with the downstream pilot channel 110 .

[0129] Combination Figure 6 As shown, during the water discharge process (when the mechanical system 500 drives the boat box 400 at a predetermined speed v 厢 The water level in the shaft 320 rises), the first flow valve 221, the first solenoid valve 222 and the second solenoid valve 223 are closed, the third solenoid valve 232 and the second flow valve 231 are opened, the water level in the shaft 320 is lowered, the opening of the second flow valve 231 is adjusted, and the water level lowering speed is kept the same as the lowering speed of the buoy 540 in the shaft 320 until the lowest water level Z is reached. min When the flow stops, the third solenoid valve 232 is closed.

[0130] As in the above-mentioned filling and draining process, the water level in the shaft 320 responds quickly and can be kept consistent with the lifting and lowering speed of the buoy 540, so that the synchronous lifting and lowering of the water level in the shaft 320 and the buoy 540 are displayed to visitors.

[0131] In the above embodiment, the diameters of the water delivery pipeline 310, the water filling pipeline 220 and the water discharge pipeline 230 are all defined as d1, the diameter of the vertical shaft 320 is d2, the number of the vertical shafts 320 is 16, and the minimum water level Z in the vertical shaft 320 is min is the first height, the maximum water level Z in the shaft 320 max is the second height, the height difference between the first height and the second height is ∆Z, and the speed of the support box 400 in rising and falling is defined as v 厢 , the bottom cross-sectional area of ​​the pool 200 is A 池The height from the entrance of the water pipeline 310 to the entrance of the shaft 320 is Z0, and the height from the entrance of the water pipeline 310 to the bottom of the pool 200 is Z x ;

[0132] Among them, the flow rate of the water pump 210 satisfies: Q 泵 ≥4πd2 2 v 厢 .

[0133] The maximum water level in the pool 200 and the lift of the water pump 210 satisfy:

[0134] h+h t ≥Z max +h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+h wx +Z x , where g is the acceleration of gravity, h is the depth of the pool 200 before the shaft 320 is filled with water, and h t is the head of the water pump 210, h w is the head loss from the inlet of the water pipeline 310 to the maximum water level in the shaft 320, h wx It is the head loss from the inlet of the water filling pipeline 220 to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline 310, which is related to the pipeline design and flow rate, including the head loss along the way and the local water loss. The head loss along the way is estimated by Darcy's formula, and the local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bends, valves, pumps and other structures can be queried through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table", and the local head loss can be calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0135] The minimum water level in pool 200 satisfies:

[0136] h'≦Z min -h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+Z x -h wy , where g is the acceleration of gravity, h' is the depth of the pool 200 before the vertical shaft 320 is released, and h w h is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft 320 to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline 310. It is mainly the local head loss. The local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bend, water diversion and sudden expansion can be checked through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table" and calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline. wy It is the head loss from the inlet to the outlet of the drainage pipe 230, including the head loss along the way and the local water loss. The head loss along the way is estimated by Darcy's formula, and the local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bends, valves and other structures can be queried through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table", and the local head loss can be calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0137] The volume W of the pool 200 satisfies:

[0138] W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min )≦W≦W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h' A 池 , where W 初 The minimum water level Z in the shaft 320 when the water level in the water pool 200 reaches the minimum water level Z in the shaft 320 min Required water supply.

[0139] Therefore, for different use environments, the design requirements can be met, that is, the height difference ∆Z of the water level in the shaft 320 and the speed v of the boat carrier 400 at the rising and falling are given. 厢 , the flow rate of the water pump 210 and the water volume requirement in the water pool 200 can be obtained. At the same time, according to the use environment, the bottom cross-sectional area of ​​the proposed water pool 200 is A 池 , the height from the entrance of the water pipeline 310 to the entrance of the shaft 320 is Z0, and the highest water level h in the pool 200, the lowest water level h' in the pool 200 and the volume W of the pool 200 can be calculated.

[0140] In an optional embodiment, in order to display the model, the pool 200 is placed inside the base 100, so further:

[0141] h+h'+ W 初 / A 池 ≦Z x .

[0142] In conjunction with the design of the dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift shown in the figure, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a water power system of the dynamic display model of the hydraulic ship lift, comprising the following steps:

[0143] Step 1: multiple sections are set on the water filling pipeline and the water discharge pipeline according to the hydrodynamic system of the model and the water delivery pipeline 310, wherein at least one section is at the highest water level of the shaft 320 and is defined as the target section;

[0144] Step 2: According to the display requirements, the proposed lifting height and speed of the ship-carrying compartment 400 are used as variable design quantities, the filling and discharge pipe diameter d1, the shaft diameter d2, the height Z0 of the water delivery pipe 310, and the height Z0 of the base 100 are used as the variable design quantities. x and the bottom area A of the pool 200 池As known quantities, the required kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the inlet end of the filling pipeline and the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the outlet end of the discharge pipeline are calculated using the unsteady flow energy equation based on the energy of the target section;

[0145] Step 3: According to the proposed lifting height ∆Z and speed v of the ship-carrying box 400 厢 , and the pumping flow rate Q of the water pump 210 is obtained 泵：

[0146] Q 泵 =4πd2 2 v 厢 ;

[0147] In addition, according to the kinetic energy, pressure energy, and potential energy required at the inlet of the water filling pipeline, the kinetic energy, pressure energy, and potential energy of the axial section of the water delivery pipeline 310, and the kinetic energy, pressure energy, and potential energy at the outlet of the water discharge pipeline, the lift of the water pump 210 ht, the water depth of the pool 200 before the vertical shaft 320 is filled h, the water depth of the pool 200 before the vertical shaft 320 is discharged h', and the height from the inlet of the water delivery pipeline 310 to the bottom of the pool 200 is Z x , the height between the entrance of the water pipeline 310 and the entrance of the vertical shaft 320 is Z0.

[0148] As an optional embodiment, the water depth in the water pool 200 and the lift of the water pump 210 before the vertical shaft 320 is filled with water meet the following conditions:

[0149] h+h t ≥Z max +h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+h wx +Z x , where g is the acceleration of gravity, h is the depth of the pool 200 before the shaft 320 is filled with water, and h t is the head of the water pump 210, h w is the head loss from the inlet of the water pipeline 310 to the maximum water level in the shaft 320, h wx It is the head loss from the inlet of the water filling pipeline 220 to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline 310, which is related to the pipeline design and flow rate, including the head loss along the way and the local water loss. The head loss along the way is estimated by Darcy's formula, and the local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bends, valves, pumps and other structures can be queried through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table", and the local head loss can be calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0150] As an optional embodiment, the water depth h' of the pool 200 before the vertical shaft 320 is discharged satisfies:

[0151] h'≦Z min -h w +Z0+v 厢2 / 2g+Z x -h wy , where g is the acceleration of gravity, h' is the depth of the pool 200 before the vertical shaft 320 is released, and h w h is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft 320 to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline 310. It is mainly the local head loss. The local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bend, water diversion and sudden expansion can be checked through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table" and calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline. wy It is the head loss from the inlet to the outlet of the drainage pipe 230, including the head loss along the way and the local water loss. The head loss along the way is estimated by Darcy's formula, and the local head loss coefficient of the pipeline bends, valves and other structures can be queried through the "Pipeline Local Head Loss Table", and the local head loss can be calculated in combination with the flow rate in the pipeline.

[0152] As an optional embodiment, the volume W of the pool 200 satisfies:

[0153] W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min )≦W≦W 初 +4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h' A 池 , where W 初 The minimum water level Z in the shaft 320 when the water level in the water pool 200 reaches the minimum water level Z in the shaft 320 min Required water supply.

[0154] Preferably, in step 1, Figure 6 As shown, the figure marks 0-0, 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3 represent the four cross-sectional positions of the waterway, section 0-0 is the water level position of the pool 200 before being filled with water, section 1-1 is the position of the inlet of the water pipeline 310, section 2-2 is the position of the shaft 320 at the highest water level, and section 3-3 is the position of the outlet of the water pipeline 310.

[0155] Among them, section 2-2 is the target section.

[0156] like Figure 6 As shown, at section 2-2, the pressure energy is 0 and the kinetic energy is v 厢 2 / 2g, the potential energy is Z0+Z x +Z max -Z min .

[0157] In step 2, during the water filling process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 1-1, section 1-1 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the minimum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0. During the water discharge process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 3-3, section 3-3 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the maximum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0.

[0158] As an optional embodiment, the water filling process and the water discharge process are analyzed in sequence, as follows:

[0159] Water filling process:

[0160] like Figure 6 As shown, the status of section 0-0:

[0161] Flow velocity v0=0, kinetic energy is zero; pressure energy is 0; potential energy is h (i.e. the water level before the pool is filled with 200 ml of water).

[0162] like Figure 6 As shown, the status of section 1-1:

[0163] Flow velocity v1, kinetic energy v1 2 / 2g; pressure energy: H1 / ρg; potential energy is Z x (i.e., the height of the entrance of the water delivery pipeline 310 from the bottom of the pool 200);

[0164] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the process from section 0-0 to section 1-1: after the energy input of ht (pump head), the diameter of the pipe through which the fluid passes is d1, and the head loss is h wx .

[0165] like Figure 6 As shown, the state of section 2-2:

[0166] Flow rate v2 = v 厢 , the kinetic energy is v2 2 / 2g; pressure energy is 0; potential energy is Z x (height of base 100) + Z0 (height between the entrance of water pipeline 310 and the entrance of shaft 320) + Z max (maximum water level in shaft 320);

[0167] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, from section 1-1 to section 2-2, the diameter of the pipe through which the fluid passes is d1 and d2, and the head loss is h w .

[0168] Drainage process:

[0169] like Figure 6 As shown, the state of section 2-2:

[0170] Flow rate v2 = v 厢 , the kinetic energy is v2 2 / 2g; pressure energy is 0; potential energy is Z x +Z0+Z max ;

[0171] like Figure 6 As shown, the state of section 3-3:

[0172] Flow velocity v3, kinetic energy v3 2 / 2g; pressure energy is H3 / ρg, water level height is Z x ;

[0173] From section 2-2 to section 3-3: the diameter of the pipe through which the fluid passes is d1 and d2, and the head loss is h w .

[0174] like Figure 6 As shown, the status of section 0-0:

[0175] Flow velocity v=0, kinetic energy is 0; pressure energy is 0, potential energy is h';

[0176] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, from section 3-3 to section 0-0, the diameter of the pipe through which the fluid passes is d1, and the head loss is h wy .

[0177] like Figure 6 As shown, during the water filling process, according to the state of section 2-2, the state of section 0-0 is inferred in reverse order to obtain the minimum value of the water pump head and the minimum value of the water pump flow rate.

[0178] During the drainage process, Figure 6 As shown, according to the state of section 2-2, the maximum value of the minimum water level height before the water discharge in the pool 200 is deduced, and the size selection of the pool 200 and the height Z of the base 100 are determined at the same time. x range of selection.

[0179] As an optional embodiment, the pump head, flow rate and water level of the pool can be determined according to the following method:

[0180] Step 1: Combine the vertical shaft 320 and the water pipeline design to be displayed in the display model. Given d1, d2, and Z0, calculate h w ;

[0181] Step 2: Combined with the popular science display, the water level in the vertical shaft 320 is planned to be raised to a height of Z max With Z min and the speed V of the carrier 400 厢 , find Q 泵 , ∆W, Q 泵is the minimum pumping flow rate of the water pump 210, and ∆W is the amount of water required for the water filling process.

[0182] Step 3: According to the display model base limit requirements, propose Z x and A 池 (bottom area of ​​the pool), combined with the site restrictions, formulate the design pipeline length and body shape of the water power system, and calculate the friction head loss h of the water filling pipeline wx And the friction head loss of the drainage pipeline h wy , according to the formula (h'≦Z min -h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+Z x -h wy ) to obtain the maximum value of h', that is, h = h' + ∆W / A 池 The maximum value of

[0183] Step 4: Combine the formula (h+h t ≥Z max +h w +Z0+v 厢 2 / 2g+h wx +Z x ), the minimum value of the pump head ht can be obtained according to Q 泵 And ht selects the water pump 210 in the water pool 200.

[0184] As an optional embodiment, in order to show the overall beauty of the model, the pool 200 can be placed inside the base 100, and then further:

[0185] h+h'+W 初 / A 池 ≦Z x , where W 初 It can be calculated from the length and shape of the designed pipeline of the hydraulic system.

[0186] From the formula h+h'+W 初 / A 池 ≦Z x Check the proposed design pipe length and shape of the hydrodynamic system until they are reasonably met and obtain h.

[0187] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift, characterized in that: It includes a base (100), a water power system, a hydraulic ship lift display structure, a pilot channel model and a simulated ship model; The pilot channel model comprises a downstream pilot channel (110) connected to the base (100) and located at a first height, and an upstream pilot channel (120) located at a second height; The water power system comprises a water pool (200), a water filling pipeline (220) and a water discharge pipeline (230), wherein the water pool (200) is arranged below the cover plate (101) of the base (100); The hydraulic ship lift display structure is arranged above the cover plate (101), and the hydraulic ship lift display structure comprises a water delivery pipeline (310), a vertical shaft (320), a ship receiving chamber (400), a buoy (540), and a mechanical system (500); The water inlet end of the water filling pipeline (220) is connected to a water pump (210) arranged at the bottom of the pool (200), the water outlet end of the water filling pipeline (220) is connected to the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline (310), and the water inlet end of the water discharge pipeline (230) is connected to the water outlet end of the water delivery pipeline (310), so as to discharge the water in the water delivery pipeline (310) into the pool (200); The water delivery pipeline (310) adopts a four-stage branch pipeline to evenly distribute the water flow at the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline (310) to 16 vertical shafts (320). The 16 vertical shafts (320) are divided into two rows. A lifting channel capable of accommodating the ship carriage (400) to complete the lifting process is formed between the two rows of vertical shafts (320). The ship carriage (400) can be lifted to a first height or a second height in the lifting channel. The water outlet end of the water filling pipeline (220) is connected to the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline (310); the water pump (210) is used to pump water into the vertical shaft (320) so that the water level in the vertical shaft (320) reaches a preset height; the water inlet end of the water discharge pipeline (230) is connected to the water discharge end of the water delivery pipeline (310) and is used to discharge the water in the vertical shaft (320) into the pool (200); the water outlet end of the water discharge pipeline (230) is provided with a valve structure, and the valve structure is used to control the conduction state of the water discharge pipeline (230); The mechanical system (500) is arranged above the shaft (320), and the mechanical system (500) comprises a winding drive structure and a pulling rope (530). The buoy (540) is arranged in the shaft (320), and the pulling rope (530) is connected to the buoy (540) and the ship-carrying box (400). The winding drive structure is used to drive the ship-carrying box (400) and the buoy (540) to rise and fall at a predetermined speed. The simulated ship model is configured to be movable between the downstream pilot channel (110), the upstream pilot channel (120) and the ship-carrying box (400); Wherein, the lifting direction of the ship-carrying box (400) is opposite to the lifting direction of the buoy (540); When the ship-carrying box (400) descends, the buoy (540) rises in the vertical shaft (320), and the water pump (210) is configured to pump water into the vertical shaft (320) at a predetermined flow rate, so that the rising speed of the water level in the vertical shaft (320) matches the rising speed of the buoy (540); When the ship-carrying box (400) rises, the buoy (540) descends in the shaft (320), and the valve structure is configured to control the water discharge flow of the water discharge pipeline (230) according to a predetermined opening, so that the water level drop speed in the shaft (320) matches the drop speed of the buoy (540).

2. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (100) is provided with a support frame (330) extending to the top of the shaft (320), and the support frame (330) is located outside all the shafts (320). The winding drive structure comprises a first group of driving structures and a second group of driving structures located on both sides of the lifting channel, and each group of driving structures comprises a hoisting motor (510) and a plurality of coaxially connected winding rollers (520). The hoisting motor (510) and the winding rollers (520) are both connected to the support frame (330). The first end of the pulling rope (530) is connected to the support frame (330), and the second end is connected to the ship-carrying box (400) by passing through the fixed pulley of the buoy (540) and the winding roller (520) in sequence. When the hoisting motor (510) drives the winding roller (520) to rotate, the buoy (540) and the ship-carrying box (400) move synchronously. The hoisting motor (510) in the first set of driving structures and the hoisting motor (510) in the second set of driving structures are controlled in parallel.

3. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ship-carrying chamber (400) is designed to be in the shape of a box with an open upper end, and flaps (410) are provided at both ends of the ship-carrying chamber, and the flaps (410) include an open position and a closed position; When the flap (410) is in the open position, the flap (410) can dock with the downstream pilot channel (110) or the upstream pilot channel (120); When the flap (410) is in the closed position, the flap (410) is in contact with the side wall of the ship-carrying chamber (400).

4. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottoms of the downstream pilot channel (110), the upstream pilot channel (120) and the ship-carrying box (400) are all provided with tracks, a microcontroller is provided inside the simulated ship model, and track wheels are provided at the bottom of the simulated ship model. The simulated ship model moves between the downstream pilot channel (110), the upstream pilot channel (120) or the ship-carrying box (400) under the drive of the microcontroller; The downstream pilot channel (110), the upstream pilot channel (120) and the ship-carrying compartment (400) are all provided with inductive elements for controlling the driving state of the track wheel and the position state of the flap (410).

5. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water filling pipeline (220) and the water discharge pipeline (230) have the same diameter as the water delivery pipeline (310); the water delivery pipeline (310) is configured to include a horizontal pipeline and a plurality of flow diversion branches (311) connected in series; the inlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the water filling pipeline (220); the outlet of the horizontal pipeline is connected to the water discharge pipeline (230); the flow diversion branch (311) is connected to the horizontal pipeline; the flow diversion branch (311) is a one-to-two flow equalization structure, including an input end and two output ends, and is used to evenly input the water flow rate at the water inlet end of the water delivery pipeline (310) into each vertical shaft (320).

6. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water filling pipeline (220) is provided with a first flow valve (221), and the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline (220) is provided with a first solenoid valve (222), and the water outlet end is provided with a second solenoid valve (223), the first solenoid valve (222) and the second solenoid valve (223) are used to control the on-off of the water filling pipeline (220), and the first flow valve (221) is used to control the flow rate at the water inlet end of the water filling pipeline (220); The valve structure comprises a second flow valve (231) and a third solenoid valve (232), wherein the third solenoid valve (232) is used to control the on-off of the drainage pipeline (230), and the second flow valve (231) is used to adjust the flow at the drainage end of the drainage pipeline (230).

7. The dynamic display model of hydraulic ship lift according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is configured to control the simulated ship model, the ship-carrying box, the mechanical system (500) and the hydrodynamic system to perform the display action according to the following steps: Step 1: The model is in a ready state, the position of the ship-carrying box (400) is detected, the ship-carrying box (400) is placed at a first height position or a second height position, and the water power system is controlled so that the water level in the shaft (320) is consistent with the current height of the buoy (540); Step 2, placing the simulated ship model in the downstream pilot channel (110) or the upstream pilot channel (120) corresponding to the position of the ship-carrying box (400); Step 3, the simulated ship model moves along the downstream pilot channel (110) or the upstream pilot channel (120) toward the ship receiving compartment (400); Step 4: When the simulated ship model reaches the docking area with the ship-carrying compartment (400), the flap (410) on the corresponding side of the ship-carrying compartment (400) is opened, and when the simulated ship model moves to the target area of ​​the ship-carrying compartment (400), the flap (410) is closed; Step 5: The mechanical system (500) drives the ship carrier (400) at a predetermined speed v 厢 Moving from the first height to the second height or from the second height to the first height until reaching the first height or the second height, while the buoy (540) maintains the same speed in the vertical shaft (320) and rises and falls, and the water power system controls the water level in the vertical shaft (320) and the buoy (540) to rise and fall synchronously; Step 6, the flap (410) on the side of the ship-carrying compartment (400) corresponding to the downstream pilot channel (110) or the upstream pilot channel (120) is opened, and after the simulated ship model leaves the ship-carrying compartment (400), the flap (410) is closed; Among them, in step 5, the filling flow and discharge flow of the hydrodynamic system satisfy Q = 4πd2 2 v 厢 , d2 is the diameter of the shaft (320).

8. The dynamic display model of a hydraulic ship lift according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It is defined that the diameters of the water delivery pipeline (310), the water filling pipeline (220) and the water discharge pipeline (230) are all d1, the diameter of the vertical shaft (320) is d2, the number of the vertical shafts (320) is 16, and the minimum water level Z in the vertical shafts (320) is min is the first water level, and the maximum water level Z in the shaft (320) is max is the second water level, the water level difference between the first water level and the second water level is ∆Z, and the speed of the ship carriage (400) when rising and falling is defined as v 厢 , the bottom cross-sectional area of ​​the pool (200) is A 池 The height from the entrance of the water pipeline (310) to the entrance of the shaft (320) is Z0, and the height from the entrance of the water pipeline (310) to the bottom of the pool (200) is Z x ; The flow rate of the water pump (210) satisfies: Q 泵 =4πd2 2 v 厢 ; The maximum water level in the water pool (200) and the lift of the water pump (210) satisfy: h + h t ≥ Z max + h w + Z0+ v 厢 2 / 2g + h wx + Z x , where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the water depth of the pool (200) before the shaft (320) is filled with water, and h t is the head of the water pump (210), h w is the head loss from the inlet of the water pipeline (310) to the maximum water level in the shaft (320), h wx The head loss from the inlet of the water filling pipeline (220) to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310); The minimum water level in the water pool (200) satisfies: h'≦ Z min -h w + Z0 + v 厢 2 / 2g + Z x -h wy , where h' is the water depth of the pool (200) before the shaft (320) is released, and h w is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft (320) to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310), h wy is the water head loss from the inlet of the drainage pipe (230) to the outlet of the drainage pipe (230); The volume of the water pool (200) satisfies: W 初 + 4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) ≦ W ≦ W 初 + 4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h'A 池 , where W 初 The minimum water level Z in the vertical shaft (320) when the water surface is filled from the pool into the vertical shaft (320) min Required water supply.

9. The method for designing a hydrodynamic system of a hydraulic ship lift dynamic display model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: multiple sections are set on the water filling pipeline and the water discharge pipeline according to the hydrodynamic system of the model and the water delivery pipeline (310), wherein at least one section is at the highest water level of the shaft (320) and is defined as the target section; Step 2: According to the display requirements, the proposed lifting height and speed of the ship-carrying compartment (400) are used as variable design quantities, the filling and discharge pipe diameter d1, the shaft diameter d2, the water delivery pipe (310) height Z0, the base height Z x and the pool bottom area A 池 As known quantities, the required kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the inlet end of the filling pipeline and the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the outlet end of the discharge pipeline are calculated using the unsteady flow energy equation based on the energy of the target section; Step 3: According to the proposed lifting height ∆Z and speed v of the ship-carrying box (400), 厢 , get the pump flow rate Q 泵 : Q 泵 =4πd2 2 v 厢 ; According to the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy required at the inlet of the water filling pipeline, the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy of the axial cross section of the water delivery pipeline and the kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at the outlet of the water discharge pipeline, the lift ht of the water pump (210), the water depth h of the water pool (200) before the vertical shaft (320) is filled, the water depth h' of the water pool (200) before the vertical shaft (320) is discharged, and the height Z from the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310) to the bottom of the water pool (200) is obtained. x , the height from the entrance of the water delivery pipeline (310) to the entrance of the shaft (320) is Z0, wherein: The water depth in the water tank (200) and the lift of the water pump (210) before the vertical shaft (320) is filled with water meet the following conditions: h + h t ≥ Z max + h w + Z0+ v 厢 2 / 2g + h wx + Z x , where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the water depth of the pool (200) before the shaft (320) is filled with water, and h t is the head of the water pump (210), h w is the head loss from the inlet of the water pipeline (310) to the maximum water level in the shaft (320), h wx The head loss from the inlet of the water filling pipeline (220) to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310); The water depth h' of the pool (200) before the vertical shaft (320) is discharged satisfies: h'≦ Z min -h w + Z0 + v 厢 2 / 2g + Z x -h wy , where h' is the water depth of the pool (200) before the vertical shaft (320) is discharged, and h w is the head loss from the maximum water level in the shaft (320) to the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310), h wy is the water head loss from the inlet of the drainage pipe (230) to the outlet of the drainage pipe (230); The volume of the pool (200) satisfies: W 初 + 4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) ≦ W ≦ W 初 + 4πd2 2 (Z max -Z min ) + h'A 池 , where W 初 The minimum water level Z in the vertical shaft (320) during the process of filling the vertical shaft (320) with water from the pool min Required water supply.

10. The method for designing a hydrodynamic system of a hydraulic ship lift dynamic display model according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 1, set 4 sections: 0-0, 1-1, 2-2 and 3-3: Section 0-0 is the water level position before the pool (200) is filled with water; Section 1-1 is the location of the inlet of the water delivery pipeline (310); Section 2-2 is the position where the shaft (320) is at the highest water level; Section 3-3 is the location of the outlet of the water delivery pipeline (310), wherein section 2-2 is the target section; Among them, at section 2-2, the pressure energy is 0 and the kinetic energy is v 厢 2 / 2g, the potential energy is Z0+Z x +(Z max -Z min ); In step 2, during the water filling process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 1-1, section 1-1 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the minimum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0. During the water discharge process, the non-steady flow energy equations of section 2-2 and section 3-3, section 3-3 and section 0-0 are established to obtain the maximum values ​​of kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy at section 0-0.

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