Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a first feed source, a second feed source, a matching circuit and a switch assembly. The first feed source is electrically connected to a first feed point of the first radiator to excite the first radiator to support a first target frequency band; the second feed source is electrically connected with a second feed point of the second radiator and generates an excitation signal of a second target frequency band; one end of a first switch of the switch assembly is electrically connected to the second feeding point, and the other end electrically connects the matching circuit to the first feeding point; the matching circuit blocks a first target frequency band and passes through a second target frequency band, and when the antenna assembly is in a first state, the first switch is switched off, and the second feed source excites the second radiator to support the second target frequency band and has a first directional diagram; and when the antenna assembly is in a second state, the first switch is switched on, the second feed source excites the first and second radiators to support a second target frequency band and have a second directional diagram, and the first and second directional diagrams are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, electronic devices with communication functions such as mobile phones are becoming more and more popular and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. Electronic devices usually include antennas to realize the communication function of electronic devices. However, the communication performance of antenna components in electronic devices in related technologies is not good enough and there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0004] A first radiator comprises a first ground terminal, a first feeding point and a first terminal which are arranged in sequence;

[0005] a first feed source electrically connected to the first feed point to excite the first radiator to support a first target frequency band;

[0006] a matching circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first feeding point;

[0007] A second radiator comprises a first open-circuit end, a second feeding point and a second open-circuit end which are arranged in sequence, wherein the first open-circuit end is spaced apart from the first end;

[0008] A second feed source is electrically connected to the second feed point, and is used to generate an excitation signal of a second target frequency band; and

[0009] A switch assembly, comprising a first switch, one end of the first switch being electrically connected to the second feeding point, and the other end of the first switch being electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit;

[0010] In which, the matching circuit is used to block the first target frequency band and to pass the second target frequency band. The antenna component has a first state and a second state. When the antenna component is in the first state: the first switch is disconnected, the second feed source excites the second radiator to support the second target frequency band and have a first radiation pattern; when the antenna component is in the second state: the first switch is turned on, the second feed source excites the second radiator and the first radiator to jointly support the second target frequency band and have a second radiation pattern, and the first radiation pattern is different from the second radiation pattern.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes the antenna assembly as described in the first aspect.

[0012] In summary, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, by designing the first radiator, the first feed, the second radiator, the second feed, the switch assembly and the matching circuit in the antenna assembly, uses the conduction or disconnection of the first switch of the switch assembly to change the antenna form when the antenna assembly supports the second target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the first state and the second state, and realizing the reconfiguration of the directional pattern of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state are different, and the directional pattern complementation can be effectively formed. Specifically, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state. Correspondingly, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the first switch of the switch assembly, the antenna assembly can have a better communication effect in the second target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna assembly supports the second target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application has a good communication effect in the second target frequency band. In addition, since the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the second target frequency band can be achieved using a single antenna assembly, there is no need to use multiple antenna assemblies to achieve the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the second target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna assembly and saving the space of the electronic device to which the antenna assembly is applied. When the antenna assembly is applied to an electronic device, it is convenient to layout it in the electronic device together with other components of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in when it is in the second state;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a resonant circuit corresponding to a first resonant mode when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the resonant current corresponding to the second resonant mode when the antenna assembly is in the second state;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in a first state and supports a first target frequency band;

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in a second state supporting a first target frequency band;

[0021] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0023] Fig.10 for Figure 8 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in when it is in the second state;

[0024] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Detailed schematic diagram of the switch assembly and each tuning device;

[0026] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a switch component in an antenna component provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a first radiator, a second radiator and a parasitic radiator in an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.15 The antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application supports a three-dimensional directional pattern of a second target frequency band when in a first state;

[0029] Fig.16 for Fig.15 The antenna assembly in the embodiment supports a two-dimensional radiation pattern of a second target frequency band when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0030] Fig.17 The antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application supports a three-dimensional directional pattern of a second target frequency band when in a second state;

[0031] Fig.18 for Fig.17 The antenna assembly in the embodiment supports a two-dimensional radiation pattern of a second target frequency band when the antenna assembly is in a second state;

[0032] Fig.19 A system total efficiency curve of a first target frequency band when a first switch of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application is in an off state and in an on state;

[0033] Fig. 20 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an electronic device provided in;

[0035] Fig. 22 A circuit block diagram of an electronic device provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0039] Please also read Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state; Figure 3 for Figure 1 : is an equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the second state. The antenna assembly 10 includes a first radiator 110, a first feed source S1, a matching circuit 130, a second radiator 150, a second feed source S2 and a switch assembly 120. The first radiator 110 includes a first ground terminal 111, a first feed point P1 and a first end 112 arranged in sequence. The first feed source S1 is electrically connected to the first feed point P1 to excite the first radiator 110 to support the first target frequency band. One end of the matching circuit 130 is electrically connected to the first feed point P1. The second radiator 150 includes a first open-circuit end 151, a second feed point P2 and a second open-circuit end 152 arranged in sequence. The first open-circuit end 151 is spaced apart from the first end 112. The second feed source S2 is electrically connected to the second feed point P2 for generating an excitation signal of the second target frequency band. The switch assembly 120 includes a first switch 121. One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P2, and the other end is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit 130. The matching circuit 130 is used to block the first target frequency band and to pass the second target frequency band. The antenna assembly 10 has a first state and a second state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state: the first switch 121 is disconnected, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band and has a first directivity pattern; when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state: the first switch 121 is turned on, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 and the first radiator 110 to jointly support the second target frequency band and have a second directivity pattern, and the first directivity pattern is different from the second directivity pattern.

[0040] The first radiator 110 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the first radiator 110 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. Figure 20 to Figure 21) A mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator with its own metal insert. For example, the first radiator 110 can be an antenna radiator designed using the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1. In addition, the first radiator 110 can also be a metal frame radiator designed using the metal middle frame 30.

[0041] The first ground terminal 111 may be electrically connected to a ground electrode through a grounding member. The grounding member may be, but is not limited to, a conductive screw, a conductive glue, a conductive spring, or a conductive connecting rib. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the ground electrode may include, but is not limited to, an electronic device 1 (see Figure 20 to Figure 21 ) the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30, or the ground of the circuit board of the electronic device 1, or the shielding part of the display screen of the electronic device 1, or the conductive back cover of the electronic device 1, etc.

[0042] The first feed source S1 may be electrically connected to the ground electrode via a feeder, which may be, but is not limited to, a conductive screw, conductive glue, conductive spring, conductive connecting rib, or the like.

[0043] The switch assembly 120 may be, but is not limited to, a single-pole four-throw switch (SP4T) or other switches, which will be described in detail later.

[0044] The second radiator 150 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the second radiator 150 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. Figure 20 to Figure 21 ) A mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator with its own metal insert. For example, the second radiator 150 can be an antenna radiator designed using the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1. In addition, the second radiator 150 can also be a metal frame radiator designed with a metal middle frame 30. The type of the second radiator 150 can be the same as the type of the first radiator 110, or it can be different from the type of the first radiator 110, which is not limited here.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first feeding point P1 is closer to the first end 112 of the first ground end 111 and the first end 112. The second feeding point P2 is closer to the first open end 151 of the first open end 151 and the second open end 152. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 is also called a "head-to-head" antenna.

[0046] The second feed source S2 can be electrically connected to the ground electrode through a feeder, which can be, but is not limited to, a conductive screw, a conductive glue, a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib, and the like.

[0047] The matching circuit 130 is used to block the first target frequency band and to pass the second target frequency band. Therefore, the matching circuit 130 is also called a resistance circuit for the first target frequency band and a bandpass circuit for the second frequency band.

[0048] When the first switch 121 is disconnected, the first switch 121 is said to be in an disconnected state; when the first switch 121 is turned on, the first switch 121 is said to be in an on state. It can be seen that the first switch 121 has an disconnected state and an on state. According to the different states of the first switch 121, the antenna component 10 is divided into two states: a first state and a second state. Specifically, when the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the first switch 121 is disconnected; when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the first switch 121 is turned on.

[0049] When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first switch 121 is disconnected, so the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the second feed source S2, and the second radiator 150 supports the second target frequency band under the excitation of the second feed source S2. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 and the second radiator 150 form a monopole antenna.

[0050] When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first switch 121 is turned on, and the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the first feeding point P1 of the first radiator 110 through the first switch 121 of the switch assembly 120 and the matching circuit 130. Since the matching circuit 130 is used to pass the second target frequency band, the second radiator 150 and the first radiator 110 jointly support the second target frequency band. Since the matching circuit 130 is used to block the first target frequency band, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, even if the first radiator 110 is used to support the second target frequency band, it will not cause too much adverse effect on the first target frequency band originally supported by the first radiator 110, and may even have no effect on the first target frequency band originally supported by the first radiator 110.

[0051] When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, since the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the first feeding point P1 of the first radiator 110 through the first switch 121 and the matching circuit 130, the whole branch formed by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 supports the second target frequency band. From the morphology of the whole branch formed by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150, the whole branch is an IFA radiation branch. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2, the second radiator 150, the switch assembly 120, the matching circuit 130 and the first radiator 110 constitute an inverted F antenna (IFA), referred to as an IFA antenna.

[0052] From the above introduction, it can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna form supporting the second target frequency band is a monopole antenna; and when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna form supporting the second target frequency band is an IFA antenna. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state and when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna form supporting the second target frequency band changes, thereby causing the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the second target frequency band to change accordingly. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can adjust the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the second target frequency band by controlling the conduction or disconnection of the first switch 121.

[0053] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by designing the first radiator 110, the first feed source S1, the second radiator 150, the second feed source S2, the switch assembly 120 and the matching circuit 130 in the antenna assembly 10, uses the conduction or disconnection of the first switch 121 of the switch assembly 120 to change the antenna form of the antenna assembly 10 when supporting the second target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state and the second state, and realizing the reconfiguration of the directional pattern of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state are different, and the directional patterns can be effectively formed to complement each other. Specifically, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weaker signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state will be covered by the area with a stronger signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state. Correspondingly, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weaker signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state will be covered by the area with a stronger signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the first switch 121 of the switch component 120, the antenna component 10 can have a better communication effect in the second target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna component 10 supports the second target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect in the second target frequency band. In addition, since the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the second target frequency band can be achieved using a single antenna component 10, there is no need to use multiple antenna components 10 to achieve the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the second target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna component 10 and saving the space of the electronic device 1 to which the antenna component 10 is applied. When the antenna component 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, it is convenient to layout in the electronic device 1 with other devices of the electronic device 1.

[0054] In a related art (which should not be understood as the prior art), the phased beam array scanning principle is used, and directional beam coverage is achieved using multiple antenna assemblies 10. However, in the related art, using multiple antenna assemblies 10 to achieve directional beam coverage requires multiple antenna ports, which greatly increases the complexity and cost of the RF front-end design.

[0055] The antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to use complex phased array beam scanning to adjust the radiation pattern. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be adapted to a relatively simple RF front-end circuit with lower cost.

[0056] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3In the embodiment, the switch component 120 further has a common port 120a and a first port 120b. One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P2 through the common port 120a, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit 130 through the first port 120b.

[0057] Please also read Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the resonant circuit corresponding to the first resonant mode when the antenna assembly is in the first state is shown. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 excites the first resonant mode of the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band, wherein the first resonant mode is a half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 150.

[0058] For the convenience of description, the resonant current corresponding to the first resonant mode is named the first resonant current I1. As can be seen from the previous introduction, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 to work. Specifically, the second feed source S2 excites the first resonant mode of the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band. In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the first resonant current I1 flows from the first open-circuit end 151 to the second open-circuit end 152. It can be understood that the first resonant current I1 changes periodically, and in the next half-wavelength period, the first resonant current I1 flows from the second open-circuit end 152 to the first open-circuit end 151.

[0059] It should be noted that the “wavelength” in the first resonance mode, which is the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 150 , refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the second target frequency band.

[0060] The antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna assembly 10 is in a first state, the second feed source S2 excites the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 and the second radiator 150 form a monopole antenna, which has a first radiation pattern in the second target frequency band and has relatively good antenna performance.

[0061] Please also read Figure 3 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 for Figure 3The schematic diagram of the resonant current corresponding to the second resonant mode when the antenna assembly is in the second state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2 excites the second resonant mode of the whole branch composed of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band, wherein the second resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of the whole branch composed of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150.

[0062] For the convenience of description, the resonant current corresponding to the second resonant mode is named as the second resonant current I2. As can be seen from the previous description, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2 excites the entire branch consisting of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 to work. Specifically, the second resonant current I2 includes a first sub-resonant current I21 distributed in the first radiator 110 and a second sub-resonant current I22 distributed in the second radiator 150.

[0063] In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the second resonant current I2 flows from the first ground terminal 111 to the second open-circuit terminal 152; specifically, the first sub-resonant current I21 flows from the first ground terminal 111 to the first terminal 112, and the second sub-resonant current I22 flows from the first open-circuit terminal 151 to the second open-circuit terminal 152. It can be understood that the second resonant current I2 changes periodically, and in the next half-wavelength period, the second resonant current I2 flows from the second open-circuit terminal 152 to the first ground terminal 111; specifically, the second sub-resonant current I22 flows from the second open-circuit terminal 152 to the first open-circuit terminal 151, and the first sub-resonant current I21 flows from the first terminal 112 to the first ground terminal 111.

[0064] It should be noted that the "wavelength" in the second resonant mode, which is the quarter-wavelength mode of the entire branch composed of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150, refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the second target frequency band.

[0065] The quarter-wavelength mode is also called the fundamental mode. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the fundamental mode of the entire branch formed by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 supports the second target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the second target frequency band.

[0066] In addition, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2 excites the quarter-wavelength mode of the entire branch composed of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 constitute an IFA antenna, which has a second radiation pattern in the second target frequency band and has relatively good antenna performance.

[0067] Furthermore, in one implementation, the matching circuit 130 includes a matching inductor, wherein an inductance value L0 of the matching inductor satisfies: 2nH≤L0≤5nH.

[0068] In one implementation, the inductance value L0 of the matching inductor may be, but is not limited to, 2nH, 3nH, 4nH, or 5nH.

[0069] When the inductance value of the matching inductor is too large, the excitation current of the second target frequency band is difficult to pass through the matching inductor or even cannot pass through the matching inductor to reach the first radiator 110, so that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state to support the second target frequency band, it cannot make good use of or even cannot make use of the first radiator 110. When the inductance value of the matching inductor is too small, the excitation current of the first target frequency band will flow to the second radiator 150 through the matching inductor, resulting in poor performance of the first target frequency band.

[0070] The matching circuit 130 includes a matching inductor, wherein the inductance value L0 of the matching inductor satisfies: 2nH≤L0≤5nH, so that the excitation current of the second target frequency band can be better transmitted through the matching inductor to the second radiator 150, which is conducive to constructing an IFA antenna, so that the antenna assembly 10 has a second directional pattern different from the first directional pattern when supporting the second target frequency band. In addition, the matching circuit 130 includes a matching inductor, wherein the inductance value L0 of the matching inductor satisfies: 2nH≤L0≤5nH, so that the excitation current of the first target frequency band is less or even cannot flow to the second radiator 150 through the matching inductor, so that the first target frequency band has better antenna performance.

[0071] Please also read Figure 2 and Figure 6 ,and Figure 3 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in a first state and supports a first target frequency band; Figure 7 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in the second state to support the first target frequency band is shown. In this embodiment, whether the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state or the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first feed source S1 excites the third resonant mode of the first radiator 110 to support the first target frequency band. In this embodiment, the third resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode from the first ground end 111 to the first end 112 of the first radiator 110.

[0072] In this embodiment, the resonant current corresponding to the third resonant mode is named as the third resonant current I3. In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the third resonant current I3 flows from the first ground terminal 111 to the first terminal 112. It can be understood that the third resonant current I3 changes periodically, and in the next half-wavelength period, the third resonant current I3 flows from the first terminal 112 to the first ground terminal 111.

[0073] It should be noted that the "wavelength" in the third resonance mode, which is a quarter-wavelength mode from the first ground end 111 to the first end 112 of the first radiator 110, is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the first target frequency band.

[0074] The quarter-wavelength mode is also called the fundamental mode. When the antenna assembly 10 supports the first target frequency band, the first feed source S1 excites the fundamental mode of the entire branch of the first radiator 110 to support the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has good radiation efficiency in the first target frequency band.

[0075] Please also read Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state; Fig.10 for Figure 8: is an equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the second state. The antenna assembly 10 includes a first radiator 110, a first feed source S1, a matching circuit 130, a second radiator 150, a second feed source S2 and a switch assembly 120. The first radiator 110 includes a first ground terminal 111, a first feed point P1 and a first end 112 arranged in sequence. The first feed source S1 is electrically connected to the first feed point P1 to support the first radiator 110 to support the first target frequency band. One end of the matching circuit 130 is electrically connected to the first feed point P1. The second radiator 150 includes a first open-circuit end 151, a second feed point P2 and a second open-circuit end 152 arranged in sequence. The first open-circuit end 151 is spaced apart from the first end 112. The second feed source S2 is electrically connected to the second feed point P2 for generating an excitation signal of the second target frequency band. The switch assembly 120 includes a first switch 121. One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P2, and the other end is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit 130. The matching circuit 130 is used to block the first target frequency band and to pass the second target frequency band. The antenna assembly 10 has a first state and a second state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state: the first switch 121 is disconnected, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band and has a first directivity pattern; when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state: the first switch 121 is turned on, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 and the first radiator 110 to jointly support the second target frequency band and have a second directivity pattern, and the first directivity pattern is different from the second directivity pattern.

[0076] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 further includes a parasitic radiator 170. The parasitic radiator 170 includes a second end 171 and a second ground end 172 which are sequentially arranged. The second end 171 is spaced apart from the second open end 152 and has a coupling slot 170a. The parasitic radiator 170 is coupled to the second radiator 150 through the coupling slot 170a to support a partial frequency band of the second target frequency band.

[0077] The parasitic radiator 170 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the parasitic radiator 170 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. Figure 20 to Figure 21) A mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator with its own metal insert. For example, the parasitic radiator 170 can be an antenna radiator designed using the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1. In addition, the parasitic radiator 170 can also be a metal frame radiator designed from a metal middle frame 30. The type of the parasitic radiator 170 can be the same as that of the second radiator 150, or it can be different from the type of the second radiator 150, which is not limited here.

[0078] In this embodiment, the second ground terminal 172 can be electrically connected to the ground electrode through a grounding member. The grounding member can be, but is not limited to, a conductive screw, a conductive glue, a conductive spring, or a conductive connecting rib. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the ground electrode can be, but is not limited to, a frame body 310 of a middle frame 30 of the electronic device 1, or a ground of a circuit board of the electronic device 1, or a shielding member of a display screen of the electronic device 1, or a conductive back cover of the electronic device 1.

[0079] See also Fig. 9 , when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first switch 121 is disconnected, so the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the second feed source S2, and the second radiator 150 and the parasitic radiator 170 support the second target frequency band under the excitation of the second feed source S2. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 and the second radiator 150 form a monopole antenna. The parasitic radiator 170 is a parasitic branch of the second radiator 150. In other words, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 and the parasitic radiator 170 to support the second target frequency band.

[0080] See also Fig.10When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first switch 121 is turned on, and the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the first feeding point P1 of the first radiator 110 through the first switch 121 of the switch assembly 120 and the matching circuit 130. Since the matching circuit 130 is used to pass the second target frequency band, the second radiator 150 and the first radiator 110 jointly support the second target frequency band. Since the matching circuit 130 is used to block the first target frequency band, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, even if the first radiator 110 is used to support the second target frequency band, it will not cause too much adverse effect on the first target frequency band originally supported by the first radiator 110, and even has no effect on the first target frequency band originally supported by the first radiator 110. In addition, since the parasitic radiator 170 is coupled with the second radiator 150 through the coupling gap 170a, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the parasitic radiator 170 is also excited to support the second target frequency band. In other words, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2 excites the first radiator 110 , the second radiator 150 , and the parasitic radiator 170 to support the second target frequency band.

[0081] When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, since the second feeding point P2 of the second radiator 150 is electrically connected to the first feeding point P1 of the first radiator 110 through the first switch 121 and the matching circuit 130, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 form a whole branch node, and the parasitic radiator 170 jointly support the second target frequency band. From the morphology of the whole branch node formed by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150, the whole branch node is an IFA radiation branch node. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second feed source S2, the second radiator 150, the switch assembly 120, the matching circuit 130 and the first radiator 110 form an IFA antenna.

[0082] From the above introduction, it can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state and when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna shape supporting the second target frequency band changes, thereby causing the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the second target frequency band to change accordingly. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can adjust the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the second target frequency band by controlling the conduction or disconnection of the first switch 121.

[0083] In this embodiment, no matter the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state or the second state, when the second feed source S2 excites the second radiator 150 to support the second target frequency band, the parasitic radiator 170 is coupled with the second radiator 150 and is excited to support a partial frequency band of the second target frequency band. In this way, the antenna assembly 10 can have better antenna performance when supporting the second target frequency band.

[0084] It can be understood that in the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 further includes a matching unit M, and the second feed source S2 electrically connects the matching unit M to the second feeding point P2. It can be understood that the antenna assembly 10 further includes a matching unit M which can be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the previous embodiments. The matching unit M is used to match the output impedance of the second feed source S2 with the input impedance of the second radiator 150, so that the second target frequency band supported by the second radiator 150 has better efficiency. It can be understood that other matching units can also be set between the first feed source S1 and the first feeding point P1, and the other matching units are used to match the output impedance of the first feed source S1 with the input impedance of the first radiator 110, so that the first target frequency band supported by the first radiator 110 has better efficiency.

[0085] Please continue reading Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , the parasitic resonance mode of the parasitic radiator 170 supports the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band, wherein the parasitic mode is a quarter wavelength mode of the parasitic radiator 170 .

[0086] It should be noted that the "wavelength" in the parasitic mode, which is the quarter-wavelength mode of the parasitic radiator 170, is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band supported by the parasitic resonant mode.

[0087] For the convenience of description, the resonant current corresponding to the parasitic resonant mode is named as the parasitic resonant current I0. In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the parasitic resonant current I0 flows from the second end 171 to the second ground end 172 as an example for illustration. It can be understood that the parasitic resonant current I0 changes periodically, and in the next half-wavelength period, the parasitic resonant current I0 flows from the second ground end 172 to the second end 171.

[0088] The quarter-wavelength mode is also called the fundamental mode. The parasitic resonance mode of the parasitic radiator 170 supports the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band, and the parasitic mode is the quarter-wavelength mode of the parasitic radiator 170. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the partial frequency band supported by the parasitic resonance mode.

[0089] Please continue reading Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , when the second radiator 150 supports the second target frequency band, it has a main resonant current. In this embodiment, the main resonant current when the second radiator 150 supports the second target frequency band is also named as the second resonant current I2. When the parasitic radiator 170 supports a part of the second target frequency band, it has a parasitic resonant current I0. Wherein, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (that is, the second resonant current I2) are both oriented toward the coupling slot 170a; or, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (that is, the second resonant current I2) are both away from the coupling slot 170a.

[0090] The parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (i.e., the second resonant current I2) are both directed toward the coupling gap 170a; or, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (i.e., the second resonant current I2) are both directed away from the coupling gap 170a; both of these situations are referred to as the parasitic resonant current I0 and the second resonant current I2 flowing in opposite directions.

[0091] In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the parasitic resonant current I0 flows from the second end 171 to the second ground end 172, and the second resonant current I2 flows from the second open end 152 to the first open end 151. That is, in the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the second resonant current I2 both depart from the coupling gap 170a.

[0092] It can be understood that the parasitic resonant current I0 and the second resonant current I2 are both periodically changed. In the next half-wavelength period: the parasitic resonant current I0 flows from the second end 171 to the second ground end 172, and the second resonant current I2 flows from the first open end 151 to the second open end 152; in other words, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the second resonant current I2 are both directed toward the coupling gap 170a.

[0093] In the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (i.e., the second resonant current I2) are both directed toward the coupling gap 170a; or, the parasitic resonant current I0 and the main resonant current (i.e., the second resonant current I2) are both directed away from the coupling gap 170a, and the parasitic resonant current I0 is used to support the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band, so that the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band has better antenna performance.

[0094] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the second target frequency band includes a first sub-frequency band and a second sub-frequency band, wherein the frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band, the second radiator 150 supports at least one of the first sub-frequency band and the second sub-frequency band, and the parasitic radiator 170 supports the first sub-frequency band.

[0095] Further, in one embodiment, the target frequency band includes a first sub-frequency band and a second sub-frequency band. The frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band. When the antenna component 10 is in the first state, it supports at least one of the first sub-frequency band and the second sub-frequency band. When the antenna component 10 is in the second state, it supports at least one of the first sub-frequency band and the second sub-frequency band. The parasitic radiator 170 is used to support the first sub-frequency band.

[0096] The frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band, including that the maximum frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the maximum frequency of the second sub-frequency band. In one embodiment, the frequency range of the first sub-frequency band may not overlap with the frequency range of the second sub-frequency band; in other embodiments, the frequency range of the first sub-frequency band may overlap with the frequency range of the second sub-frequency band; whether the frequency range of the first sub-frequency band overlaps with the frequency range of the second sub-frequency band is not limited in this application, as long as the frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band.

[0097] Since the parasitic radiator 170 is coupled with the second radiator 150, the parasitic radiator 170 supports a partial frequency band of the second target frequency band. Therefore, the parasitic mode supported by the parasitic radiator 170 will have an efficiency pit at a frequency band greater than the partial frequency band. If the efficiency pit falls into the second target frequency band, the efficiency of the second target frequency band will decrease. In the embodiment of the present application, the frequency of the first sub-frequency band supported by the parasitic radiator 170 is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band, so there is an efficiency pit at a frequency band greater than the first sub-frequency band, and the efficiency pit is far away from the second sub-frequency band. Therefore, the adverse effect of the efficiency pit on the radiation efficiency of the second sub-frequency band can be reduced or even avoided, and the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the second sub-frequency band. In one embodiment, the efficiency pit is located outside the band of the second target frequency band, thereby reducing or even avoiding the effect of the efficiency pit on the second target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the second target frequency band.

[0098] In one implementation, the second target frequency band includes a mid-high frequency band. Accordingly, the first sub-frequency band is a high frequency band, and the second sub-frequency band is a mid-frequency band.

[0099] When the second target frequency band includes a medium-high frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in the medium-high frequency band can be met. The first sub-band is a high frequency band, and the second sub-band is a medium frequency band. Therefore, the frequency of the high frequency band supported by the parasitic radiator 170 is greater than the frequency of the medium frequency band, and the parasitic mode supported by the parasitic radiator 170 generates an efficiency pit at a frequency band greater than the high frequency band, and the efficiency pit is far away from the medium frequency band. Therefore, the adverse effect of the efficiency pit on the radiation efficiency of the medium frequency band can be reduced or even avoided, and the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the medium frequency band. In one embodiment, the efficiency pit is located outside the band of the medium-high frequency band, thereby reducing or even avoiding the effect of the efficiency pit on the medium-high frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the medium-high frequency band.

[0100] Please also read Fig.11 and Fig.12 , Fig.11 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in yet another embodiment of the present application; Fig.12 for Fig.11Detailed schematic diagram of the switch assembly and each tuning device in the figure. The switch assembly 120 has a common port 120a, a first port 120b and a second port 120c. The one end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the second feed point P2 through the common port 120a, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit 130 through the first port 120b. The switch assembly 120 also includes a second switch 122, one end of which is electrically connected to the common port 120a, and the other end is electrically connected to the second port 120c. The antenna assembly 10 also includes a first tuning device 131, one end of which is electrically connected to the second port 120c, and the other end is grounded. When the second switch 122 is in the on state and when the second switch 122 is in the off state, the operating frequency band of the second target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10 is different.

[0101] The second switch 122 has an on state and a switch state. When the second switch 122 is in the on state, the first tuning device 131 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P2 through the second switch 122. When the second switch 122 is in the off state, the first tuning device 131 is electrically disconnected from the second feeding point P2. It can be seen that the electrical connection or disconnection between the first tuning device 131 and the second feeding point P2 can be controlled by controlling the state of the second switch 122.

[0102] As can be seen from the above description, the first switch 121 also has an on state and a switch state. The first switch 121 and the second switch 122 cooperate to enable the antenna assembly 10 to support a different operating frequency band from the second target frequency band and have different directional patterns.

[0103] Please read further Fig.11 and Fig.12, the switch component 120 also has a third port 120d and a fourth port 120e. The antenna component 10 also includes a third switch 123 and a fourth switch 124. One end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the common port 120a, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the third port 120d. One end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the common port 120a, and the other end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the fourth port 120e. The antenna component 10 also includes a second tuning device 132 and a third tuning device 133. One end of the second tuning device 132 is electrically connected to the third port 120d, and the other end is grounded. One end of the third tuning device 133 is electrically connected to the fourth port 120e, and the other end is grounded. Wherein, the inductance value of the first tuning device 131 is greater than the inductance value of the second tuning device 132, and the inductance value of the second tuning device 132 is greater than the inductance value of the third tuning device 133. When the second switch 122 is turned on, the third switch 123 is turned off, and the fourth switch 124 is turned off, the antenna assembly 10 supports the first working frequency band of the second target frequency band; when the second switch 122 is turned off, the third switch 123 is turned on, and the fourth switch 124 is turned off, the antenna assembly 10 supports the second working frequency band of the second target frequency band; when the second switch 122 is turned off, the third switch 123 is turned off, and the fourth switch 124 is turned on, the antenna assembly 10 supports the third working frequency band of the second target frequency band, wherein the frequency of the first working frequency band is less than the frequency of the second working frequency band, and the frequency of the second working frequency band is less than the frequency of the third working frequency band.

[0104] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 includes a second switch 122, a third switch 123 and a fourth switch 124, and the antenna assembly 10 also includes a first tuning device 131, a second tuning device 132 and a third tuning device 133. The second switch 122, the third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124 cooperate with each other so that the antenna assembly 10 supports the first working frequency band, the second working frequency band and the third working frequency band of the second target frequency band, thereby realizing that the antenna assembly 10 can support different working frequency bands in the second target frequency band and can meet the communication requirements of the first working frequency band, the second working frequency band and the third working frequency band in the second target frequency band.

[0105] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a switch component in an antenna component according to another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the switch component 120 further includes a fifth switch 125 , a sixth switch 126 , a seventh switch 127 and an eighth switch 128 .

[0106] One end of the fifth switch 125 is electrically connected to the first port 120b, and the other end of the fifth switch 125 is grounded. One end of the sixth switch 126 is electrically connected to the second port 120c, and the other end of the sixth switch 126 is grounded. One end of the seventh switch 127 is electrically connected to the third port 120d, and the other end of the seventh switch 127 is grounded. One end of the eighth switch 128 is electrically connected to the fourth port 120e, and the other end of the eighth switch 128 is grounded.

[0107] The switch assembly 120 provided in this embodiment can be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the above embodiments. In one embodiment, when the antenna assembly 10 is working, the fifth switch 125, the sixth switch 126, the seventh switch 127 and the eighth switch 128 are all kept open.

[0108] In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the specific structure of the switch component 120 in the antenna component 10 is combined with the antenna component 10 including the parasitic radiator 170 for illustration, which is understandable and should not be considered as a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. In other embodiments, the specific structure of the switch component 120 can be combined with the antenna component 10 provided in any embodiment, for example, it can be combined with the antenna component 10 that does not include the parasitic radiator 170.

[0109] In one embodiment, the first target frequency band includes a WiFi 5G frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes a medium-high frequency band. Alternatively, the first target frequency band includes at least one of an N78 frequency band and an N79 frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes a WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

[0110] In the implementation manner of the present application, the first target frequency band includes the WiFi 5G frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes the medium and high frequency bands (i.e., the medium frequency band and the high frequency band) as an example for explanation. It can be understood that this should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in the implementation manner of the present application.

[0111] When the first target frequency band includes the WiFi 5G frequency band and the second target frequency band includes the medium and high frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in the WiFi 5G frequency band and the medium and high frequency band can be met. When the first target frequency band includes at least one of the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes the WiFi 2.4G frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in at least one of the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band and the WiFi 2.4G frequency band can be met.

[0112] See also Fig.14 , Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of a first radiator, a second radiator, and a parasitic radiator in an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application. In this schematic diagram, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 150, and the parasitic radiator 170 are all FPC radiators. It can be understood that Fig.14 The types and shapes of the first radiator 110 , the second radiator 150 , and the parasitic radiator 170 shown should not be understood as limiting the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0113] Next, the performance of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is simulated.

[0114] See also Fig.15 and Fig.16 , Fig.15 The antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application supports a three-dimensional directional pattern of a second target frequency band when in a first state; Fig.16 for Fig.15 The antenna component in the first state supports a two-dimensional directional pattern of the second target frequency band. When the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the antenna component 10 supports the second target frequency band and has a first directional pattern. It should be noted that, Fig.15 The electronic device 1 to which the antenna assembly 10 is applied is shown in a rear view, and the electronic device 1 is in a horizontal screen state. Fig.15 In the embodiment, when the electronic device 1 is in the horizontal screen state, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 are both located at the top of the electronic device 1 in the horizontal screen state. In this embodiment, the second target frequency band is a medium-high frequency band, and the 2.55 GHz of the B41 frequency band in the second target frequency band is used as an example for simulation. For the convenience of illustration, Fig.15 (a) is the color image of the three-dimensional (3D) directional map. Fig.15 (b) in Fig.15 Grayscale image of (a) in . Fig.16 (a) is the color image of the two-dimensional (2D) directional pattern. Fig.16 (b) in Fig.16 Grayscale image of (a) in .

[0115] See also Fig.17 and Fig.18 , Fig.17 The antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application supports a three-dimensional directional pattern of a second target frequency band when in a second state; Fig.18 for Fig.17The antenna component in the second state supports a two-dimensional directional pattern of the second target frequency band. When the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the antenna component 10 supports the second target frequency band and has a second directional pattern. It should be noted that, Fig.17 The electronic device 1 to which the antenna assembly 10 is applied is shown in a rear view, and the electronic device 1 is in a horizontal screen state. Fig.17 In the embodiment, when the electronic device 1 is in the horizontal screen state, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 are both located at the top of the electronic device 1 in the horizontal screen state. In this embodiment, the second target frequency band is a medium-high frequency band, and the 2.55 GHz of the B41 frequency band in the second target frequency band is used as an example for simulation. For the convenience of illustration, Fig.17 (a) is the color image of the three-dimensional (3D) directional map. Fig.17 (b) in Fig.17 Grayscale image of (a) in . Fig.18 (a) is the color image of the two-dimensional (2D) directional pattern. Fig.18 (b) in Fig.18 Grayscale image of (a) in .

[0116] Please also read Fig.15 and Fig.17 , the first directional pattern is different from the second directional pattern. Fig.16 and Fig.18 , the first directional pattern is different from the second directional pattern. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is electrically connected to the second feeding point P2 through one end of the first switch 121 of the switch component 120, and the other end is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit 130. By controlling the first switch 121 to be turned on or off, the antenna component 10 has a first state and a second state. When the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the antenna component 10 supports the second target frequency band with a first directional pattern; when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the antenna component 10 supports the second target frequency band with a second directional pattern. The first directional pattern is different from the second directional pattern, and can effectively form a complementary directional pattern. Specifically, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state. Correspondingly, in the second target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state. It can be seen that the effect of single antenna radiation pattern being controllable is achieved.

[0117] See also Fig.19 , Fig.19 The system total efficiency curve of the first target frequency band when the first switch of the antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application is disconnected and turned on. In this embodiment, the horizontal axis is frequency, in GHz; the vertical axis is system total efficiency (System Total Efficiency), in dB. Among them, curve ① is the system total efficiency curve when the first switch 121 of the antenna assembly 10 is disconnected (off); curve ② is the system total efficiency curve when the first switch 121 of the antenna assembly 10 is turned on (on). In this embodiment, the simulation is performed by taking the WiFi 5G frequency band as an example of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10. It can be seen from this simulation diagram that compared with when the first switch 121 in the antenna assembly 10 is disconnected, the system total efficiency of the first target frequency band supported when the first switch 121 in the antenna assembly 10 is turned on is reduced, but the performance deterioration is not large, and it can still meet the antenna assembly 10 in the first target frequency band. Have a good system total efficiency.

[0118] To summarize, the antenna assembly 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application adopts a "head-to-head" antenna design and utilizes a switch assembly 120 (also called a switch bridge) to change the antenna form of the antenna assembly 10, thereby changing the current distribution and radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 10 when supporting the second target frequency band. Through a single antenna assembly 10 (also called a single antenna), a complementary directional pattern is effectively formed, so as to achieve the technical effect that the first directional pattern of the second target frequency band better covers the weak direction area in the second directional pattern of the second target frequency band, and the second directional pattern of the second target frequency band better covers the weak direction area in the first directional pattern of the second target frequency band.

[0119] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 1. The electronic device 1 includes but is not limited to mobile phones, telephones, televisions, tablet computers (Pad), cameras, personal computers, laptop computers (Personal Computer, PC), vehicle-mounted devices, headphones, watches, wearable devices, base stations, vehicle-mounted radars, customer premise equipment (Customer Premise Equipment, CPE) and other devices that can send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. In this application, the electronic device 1 is taken as an example of a mobile phone, and other devices can refer to the specific description in this application. The electronic device 1 may include an antenna assembly 10 as described in any of the previous embodiments. Please refer to the previous introduction of the antenna assembly 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0120] Please also read Fig. 20 and Fig.21 , Fig. 20 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application; Fig.21 for Fig. 20A partial structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the figure. The electronic device 1 also includes a display screen 70, a middle frame 30 and a shell 90 (also called a battery cover). The display screen 70 and the shell 90 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the middle frame 30. The middle frame 30 includes a frame body 310 and a frame 320. In this embodiment, the frame body 310 can be used as a ground pole. The frame 320 is arranged around the periphery of the frame body 310. Among them, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 in the antenna assembly 10 are formed in the frame 320. When the antenna assembly 10 also includes a parasitic radiator 170, the parasitic radiator 170 is also formed in the frame.

[0121] The middle frame 30 is usually conductive, such as a metal material (such as aluminum or aluminum-magnesium alloy). In the electronic device 1, the middle frame 30 is usually used to support the display screen 70 and the housing 90. Since the middle frame 30 is conductive, the middle frame 30 can also be used as a ground electrode. The devices in the electronic device 1 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the middle frame 30 for grounding.

[0122] Specifically, in this embodiment, the frame 320 has the first slit 320 a and the second slit 320 b , so that a portion of the frame 320 located between the first slit 320 a and the second slit 320 b is formed as the second radiator 150 .

[0123] Compared with the second radiator 150 being a structure independent of the middle frame 30 , in this embodiment, part of the frame 320 of the middle frame 30 of the electronic device 1 is reused as the second radiator 150 , which can make the electronic device 1 smaller and easier to assemble.

[0124] In one embodiment, the first slot 320a defines the first end 112 of the first radiator 110 and the first open end 151 of the second radiator 150, and the second slot 320b defines the second open end 152 of the second radiator 150. When the antenna assembly 10 further includes a parasitic radiator 170, the second slot 320b further defines the second open end 152 of the second radiator 150 and the second end 171 of the parasitic radiator 170. In this embodiment, the second slot 320b constitutes the coupling slot 170a between the second end 171 and the second open end 152.

[0125] In addition, in one embodiment, the middle frame 30 and at least one of the housing 90 and the display screen 70 also form a receiving space. The electronic device 1 also includes a battery, functional devices (the functional devices may include one or more of a camera module, a microphone, a receiver, a speaker, a face recognition module, and a fingerprint recognition module) and other devices that can realize the basic functions of the mobile phone, which are arranged in the receiving space, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. It can be understood that the above introduction to the electronic device 1 is only a description of an environment in which the antenna assembly 10 is used, and the specific structure of the electronic device 1 should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in this application. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1 may also not include the display screen 70 and at least one of the housing 90.

[0126] Please continue reading Fig. 20 and Fig.21 , the frame 320 includes a first frame 321 and a second frame 322 that are bent and connected. The length of the second frame 322 is greater than the length of the first frame 321. The first slit 320a is located in the second frame, and the second slit 320b is located in the second frame 322. It can be understood that the position of the second radiator 150 shown in this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. When the antenna assembly 10 also includes a parasitic radiator 170, the parasitic radiator 170 is located in the first frame 321.

[0127] Please continue reading Figure 20 to Figure 21 , the electronic device 1 includes a first side 1a and a second side 1b that are bent and connected. Among them, the length of the second side 1b is greater than the length of the first side 1a. When the electronic device 1 is in a vertical screen state, the first side 1a is located at the top of the electronic device 1, and the second side 1b is located at the side of the electronic device 1. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 are arranged corresponding to the second side 1b of the electronic device 1. When the antenna assembly 10 also includes a parasitic radiator 170, the parasitic radiator 170 is also arranged corresponding to the second side. It can be seen that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150 are arranged corresponding to the waist of the electronic device 1 when it is in a vertical screen state. Therefore, when the electronic device 1 is in a horizontal screen state, such as a horizontal screen state and playing a game, the user's hand is not easy to block the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 150, so that the antenna assembly 10 has better communication performance when it is in a horizontal screen state.

[0128] In addition, when the antenna assembly 10 further includes a parasitic radiator 170, the parasitic radiator 170 is arranged corresponding to the second side 1b. It can be seen that when the electronic device 1 is in a horizontal screen state and is held by a user, the parasitic radiator 170 is not easily blocked by the hand of the user holding the electronic device 1, so that when the antenna assembly 10 supports the second target frequency band, the parasitic radiator 170 can also be used to support a part of the second target frequency band, so that the antenna assembly 10 has better antenna performance in the second target frequency band.

[0129] See also Fig. 22 , Fig. 22 A circuit block diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the electronic device 1 further includes a processor 50, and the processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch component 120. When the first switch 121 of the switch component 120 is disconnected, the antenna performance of the antenna component 10 in the second target frequency band is the first performance; when the first switch 121 of the switch component 120 is turned on, the antenna performance of the antenna component 10 in the second target frequency band is the second performance. When the first performance is better than the second performance, the processor 50 controls the first switch 121 to disconnect or remain in an disconnected state; when the second performance is better than the first performance, the processor 50 controls the first switch 121 to turn on or remain in an on state; when the first performance is equal to the second performance, the processor 50 controls the first switch 121 to maintain the current state.

[0130] The electronic device 1 provided in this embodiment also includes a processor 50 which can be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the previous embodiments. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 combined with 10 provided in the previous embodiment. It can be understood that it should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0131] It can be seen that in the electronic device 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 50 can compare the first performance and the second performance of the antenna component 10, and then control the state of the first switch 121 in the switch component 120, so that the antenna component 10 has better performance when supporting the second target frequency band.

[0132] The above is part of the implementation methods of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: The antenna assembly comprises: A first radiator comprises a first ground terminal, a first feeding point and a first terminal which are arranged in sequence; a first feed source electrically connected to the first feed point to excite the first radiator to support a first target frequency band; a matching circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first feeding point; A second radiator comprises a first open-circuit end, a second feeding point and a second open-circuit end which are arranged in sequence, wherein the first open-circuit end is spaced apart from the first end; A second feed source is electrically connected to the second feed point, and is used to generate an excitation signal of a second target frequency band; and A switch assembly, comprising a first switch, one end of the first switch being electrically connected to the second feeding point, and the other end of the first switch being electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit; In which, the matching circuit is used to block the first target frequency band and to pass the second target frequency band. The antenna component has a first state and a second state. When the antenna component is in the first state: the first switch is disconnected, the second feed source excites the second radiator to support the second target frequency band and have a first radiation pattern; when the antenna component is in the second state: the first switch is turned on, the second feed source excites the second radiator and the first radiator to jointly support the second target frequency band and have a second radiation pattern, and the first radiation pattern is different from the second radiation pattern.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: When the antenna assembly is in the first state, the second feed source excites a first resonant mode of the second radiator to support the second target frequency band, wherein the first resonant mode is a half-wavelength mode of the second radiator.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: When the antenna assembly is in the second state, the second feed source excites the second resonant mode of the whole branch composed of the first radiator and the second radiator to support the second target frequency band, wherein the second resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode of the whole branch composed of the first radiator and the second radiator.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The matching circuit includes a matching inductor, wherein an inductance value L0 of the matching inductor satisfies: 2nH≤L0≤5nH.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The antenna assembly further comprises: A parasitic radiator, the parasitic radiator comprising a second end and a second ground end arranged in sequence, the second end and the second open end are spaced apart and have a coupling gap, the parasitic radiator is coupled to the second radiator through the coupling gap to support a partial frequency band of the second target frequency band.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that A parasitic resonance mode of the parasitic radiator supports the partial frequency band of the second target frequency band, wherein the parasitic mode is a quarter wavelength mode of the parasitic radiator.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The second target frequency band includes a first sub-frequency band and a second sub-frequency band, wherein the frequency of the first sub-frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second sub-frequency band, the second radiator supports at least one of the first sub-frequency band and the second sub-frequency band, and the parasitic radiator supports the first sub-frequency band.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The first sub-frequency band is a high frequency band, and the second sub-frequency band is a medium frequency band.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The second radiator has a main resonant current when it supports the second target frequency band, and has a parasitic resonant current when the parasitic radiator supports a partial frequency band of the second target frequency band; Wherein, the parasitic resonant current and the main resonant current are both directed toward the coupling gap; or, the parasitic resonant current and the main resonant current are both directed away from the coupling gap.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The switch assembly has a common port, a first port and a second port; The one end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second feeding point through the common port, and the other end of the first switch is electrically connected to the other end of the matching circuit through the first port; The switch assembly further includes a second switch, one end of the second switch being electrically connected to the common port, and the other end of the second switch being electrically connected to the second port; The antenna assembly further includes a first tuning device, one end of the first tuning device is electrically connected to the second port, and the other end of the first tuning device is grounded; When the second switch is in an on state and when the second switch is in an off state, an operating frequency band of the second target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly is different.

11. The antenna assembly according to claim 10, wherein: The switch assembly also has a third port and a fourth port; The antenna assembly further comprises: a third switch, one end of the third switch being electrically connected to the common port, and the other end of the third switch being electrically connected to the third port; and a fourth switch, one end of the fourth switch being electrically connected to the common port, and the other end of the fourth switch being electrically connected to the fourth port; The antenna assembly further comprises: A second tuning device, one end of which is electrically connected to the third port and the other end of which is grounded; and a third tuning device, one end of which is electrically connected to the fourth port and the other end of which is grounded; Wherein, the inductance value of the first tuning device is greater than the inductance value of the second tuning device, and the inductance value of the second tuning device is greater than the inductance value of the third tuning device; When the second switch is turned on, the third switch is turned off, and the fourth switch is turned off, the antenna assembly supports the first working frequency band of the second target frequency band; when the second switch is turned off, the third switch is turned on, and the fourth switch is turned off, the antenna assembly supports the second working frequency band of the second target frequency band; when the second switch is turned off, the third switch is turned off, and the fourth switch is turned on, the antenna assembly supports the third working frequency band of the second target frequency band, wherein the frequency of the first working frequency band is less than the frequency of the second working frequency band, and the frequency of the second working frequency band is less than the frequency of the third working frequency band.

12. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first target frequency band includes a WiFi 5G frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes a medium and high frequency band; Alternatively, the first target frequency band includes at least one of the N78 frequency band and the N79 frequency band, and the second target frequency band includes the WiFi 2.4G frequency band.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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