Encoding method of data, decoding method of data, electronic device and medium

Abstract

The application provides a data encoding method, a data decoding method, an electronic device and a medium, wherein the data encoding method is applied to a first terminal and includes: for each frequency point in a plurality of frequency points, constructing an orthogonal code word corresponding to data to be transmitted in a single symbol period based on a target matrix, wherein each data to be transmitted is transmitted by using the plurality of frequency points; combining the orthogonal code word in a plurality of symbol periods to obtain an extended dimension state matrix, wherein the extended dimension state matrix includes a plurality of orthogonal bases; encoding the data to be transmitted to obtain an information bit stream to be transmitted; establishing a corresponding relationship between the information bit stream and the orthogonal bases, and transmitting the information bit stream in a preset wireless channel based on the corresponding relationship. Through the extended dimension communication in the application, the spectrum utilization is higher and the anti-interference performance is better than that of the spectrum spreading communication scheme and the index modulation scheme in the prior art.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of data coding, and provides a data coding method, a data decoding method, an electronic device and a medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The spread spectrum communication scheme refers to multiplying the data to be transmitted with a pseudo-random noise sequence to expand the bandwidth of the transmission signal, thereby improving the despreading gain of the signal and the anti-interference and security of the signal. In a communication system using the spread spectrum scheme, the information bits are multiplied with a pseudo-random noise sequence after channel coding, interleaving and scrambling to spread the signal, and then modulated and transmitted in a wireless channel. It should be noted that the core of the spread spectrum communication scheme is the pseudo-random noise sequence, which can only realize the spreading of the signal in a low dimension.

[0003] Index modulation is a modulation technology that relies on the activation state of the resource block to realize information embedding. The resource block can be physical (such as antenna, time slot, carrier, etc.) or virtual (such as virtual parallel channel, space-time matrix, etc.). In a communication system using index modulation, the information bits after the channel coding step are divided into constellation bits and index bits, the constellation bits are transmitted by modulation method, and the index bits determine the resource block to be called. However, the index modulation method only corresponds part of the information bits to the call of the resource block, and is usually used in medium and high signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing modulation and coding schemes of spread spectrum communication or index modulation have relatively single application scenarios, resulting in low spectrum utilization and poor anti-interference ability. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a data coding method, a data decoding method, an electronic device and a medium to solve the problems of low spectrum utilization and poor anti-interference ability of the existing spread spectrum communication scheme and index modulation scheme.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data encoding method applied to a first terminal, the method comprising: for each of a plurality of frequency points, constructing, in a single symbol period, an orthogonal code word corresponding to data to be transmitted based on a target matrix, wherein each of the data to be transmitted is sent using the plurality of frequency points; combining the orthogonal code words in a plurality of symbol periods to obtain an extended state matrix, wherein the extended state matrix comprises a plurality of orthogonal bases; encoding the data to be transmitted to obtain an information bit stream to be transmitted; establishing a correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal bases, and transmitting the information bit stream on a preset wireless channel based on the correspondence.

[0008] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data decoding method applied to a second terminal, the method comprising: after a first terminal transmits an information bit stream based on a preset channel, obtaining a received signal from the preset channel; performing coherent demodulation on the information bit stream and then performing maximum ratio combining to obtain a processing result; and decoding the processing result based on iterative decoding of bit interleaved coded modulation.

[0009] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, comprising: a construction module configured to, for each of a plurality of frequency points, construct, in a single symbol period, an orthogonal code word corresponding to data to be transmitted based on a target matrix, wherein each of the data to be transmitted is sent using the plurality of frequency points; a first processing module configured to combine the orthogonal code words in a plurality of symbol periods to obtain an extended state matrix, wherein the extended state matrix comprises a plurality of orthogonal bases; an encoding module configured to encode the data to be transmitted to obtain an information bit stream to be transmitted; and a second processing module configured to establish a correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal bases, and transmit the information bit stream on a preset wireless channel based on the correspondence.

[0010] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, comprising: a receiving module configured to, after a first terminal transmits an information bit stream based on a preset channel, obtain a received signal from the preset channel; a third processing module configured to perform coherent demodulation on the information bit stream and then perform maximum ratio combining to obtain a processing result; and a decoding module configured to decode the processing result based on iterative decoding of bit interleaved coded modulation.

[0011] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the data encoding method of the first aspect described above, or the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the data decoding method of the second aspect described above.

[0012] In a sixth aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the data encoding method according to the first aspect above. Alternatively, the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the data decoding method according to the second aspect above.

[0013] In the embodiments of the present application, after the orthogonal code word corresponding to the data to be transmitted is constructed based on the target matrix, the orthogonal code word is combined in a multi-symbol period to obtain an extended dimension state matrix, and an orthogonal basis is selected from the extended dimension state matrix to establish a corresponding relationship between the coded information bit stream and the orthogonal basis. Different orthogonal bases represent different numbers of states and different code distances, so as to meet different rate and reliability requirements. Compared with the spectrum utilization rate of the existing spread spectrum communication scheme and index modulation scheme, the spectrum utilization rate of the present application is higher, and the anti-interference performance is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a data encoding method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an extended dimension state matrix construction method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 is a flowchart of another data decoding method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of an extended dimension communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another terminal provided by the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] First, we will introduce Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), a technique used in wireless communication systems to improve system reliability and performance. This technique uses adaptive algorithms to select modulation and coding strategies in real time based on the current state of the wireless channel, thereby improving the spectral efficiency, transmission rate, and other performance characteristics of the wireless communication system while ensuring communication reliability. AMC has been widely used in many wireless communication fields, such as mobile communication, satellite communication, and wireless local area networks (WLANs).

[0023] AMC includes the following processes:

[0024] 1) Channel State Estimation: The receiver estimates the channel state based on the received signal to obtain the time delay, fading, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, etc.

[0025] 2) Parameter feedback: The receiver feeds back the estimated channel parameters to the transmitter, which are used by the transmitter to select the modulation and coding scheme in the AMC.

[0026] 3) Modulation and coding scheme selection: Based on the channel parameters fed back from the receiver, the transmitter selects a suitable modulation scheme and coding rate while meeting the limitations of the communication system, such as bit error rate and power, to maximize the transmission rate and spectral efficiency of the communication system. Common modulation and coding schemes include Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16-QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64-QAM, block codes, convolutional codes, Turbo codes, and LDPC (Low-density Parity-check) codes.

[0027] For space-air networks, the signal transmission distance is relatively long, and the number of retransmissions is strictly limited under the condition of time delay constraints. Therefore, the reliability of the modulation and coding scheme is a key factor affecting the performance of AMC technology in this scenario.

[0028] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a data encoding method provided in an embodiment of this application, used in a first terminal, such as... Figure 1As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 101: For each of the multiple frequency points, construct the orthogonal codeword corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the target matrix in a single symbol period, wherein each data to be transmitted is sent using multiple frequency points;

[0030] In a specific example of this application's embodiment, the target matrix can be an m×m Hadamard matrix, and the value of m can be set according to actual needs, such as m being 4. Based on this, in the specific example, for a chip at a single frequency point and within a single time slot, a set of orthogonal codewords in the code domain is constructed using the Hadamard matrix. If the chip length is 2, then there are a total of 4 chips: 1 1, 1 -1, -1 1, -1 -1, where 1 1 and 1 -1 are orthogonal codewords.

[0031] Step 102: Combine orthogonal codewords within a multi-codeword period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix, wherein the extended-dimensional state matrix includes multiple orthogonal bases;

[0032] In a specific example of the embodiments of this application, after obtaining the orthogonal codeword corresponding to the data to be transmitted, different methods of dimension expansion, such as frequency domain dimension expansion, time domain dimension expansion, spatial domain dimension expansion, and code domain dimension expansion, can be performed to obtain the dimension-expanded state matrix. That is, the dimension of the dimension-expanded state matrix refers to the number of orthogonal bases after dimension expansion using one or more of the above-mentioned dimension expansion methods.

[0033] Step 103: Encode the data to be transmitted to obtain the information bit stream to be transmitted;

[0034] Step 104: Establish the correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis, and transmit the information bit stream on the preset wireless channel based on the correspondence.

[0035] Through steps 101 to 104 of the embodiments of this application, after constructing the orthogonal codewords corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the target matrix, the orthogonal codewords are combined within a multi-symbol period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix. Orthogonal bases are selected from the extended-dimensional state matrix to establish the correspondence between the matrix and the encoded information bit stream. Different orthogonal bases indicate different numbers and code distances of states to meet different rate and reliability requirements. Compared with the spread spectrum communication scheme and index modulation scheme in the prior art, the spectrum utilization is higher and the anti-interference is better.

[0036] In an optional embodiment of this application, the method of combining orthogonal codewords within multiple codeword periods to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix in step 102 described above may further include:

[0037] Step 11: Within the multi-symbol period, obtain the corresponding first-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on the frequency point;

[0038] Step 12: Within the multi-symbol period, obtain the corresponding second-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on the time slot;

[0039] Step 13: Within the multi-symbol period, obtain the corresponding third-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on the beam;

[0040] Step 14: Within the multi-symbol period, obtain the corresponding fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on the sequence;

[0041] Step 15: Combine the first-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the second-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the third-dimensional orthogonal codeword, and the fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword to obtain the extended-dimensional state matrix.

[0042] As can be seen, frequency domain expansion, time domain expansion, spatial domain expansion, and code domain expansion can be performed in specific examples of embodiments of this application. Taking the Hadamard matrix as an example, a set of orthogonal codewords in the code domain is constructed from a chip at a single frequency point and within a single time slot using the Hadamard matrix. If the chip length is 2, there are a total of 4 chips: 1 1, 1 -1, -1 1, -1 -1; where 1 1 and 1 -1 are orthogonal. Based on this, combined with the time domain, at a single frequency point and within two time slots, a set of 4 mutually orthogonal codewords—1 1 1 1, 1 -11-1, 1 1-1-1, and 1-1-1 1—can be obtained from 16 codewords. Subsequently, combined with the frequency domain, the codewords at each frequency point can be organized in a similar way, thereby further expanding the orthogonal codewords and increasing their number and dimension. A similar approach is used for spatial domain expansion and code domain expansion.

[0043] Based on this, for steps 101 to 104 above, in a specific example, such as Figure 2 As shown, each data symbol is labeled f0, f1, f2…f n Transmitting at multiple frequencies, for each frequency, an orthogonal codeword is constructed using a Hadamard matrix within a single symbol period. Combining these orthogonal codewords across multiple symbol periods forms an extended-dimensional state matrix. For example, after constructing orthogonal codewords using a 4×4 Hadamard matrix within a single frequency and single symbol period, combining these codewords over four symbol periods yields a 4×4 state matrix. 4 =256 states, and orthogonal bases are selected from these 256 states to form an extended-dimensional state matrix. By combining different signal dimensions, the number of high-dimensional orthogonal bases can be increased exponentially, thereby obtaining the ability of multidimensional diversity.

[0044] In an optional embodiment of this application, the method of establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis involved in step 104 above may further include:

[0045] Step 21: Set each p bits in the information bit stream to be transmitted as a group of bits, and map each group of bits as a modulation symbol;

[0046] Step 22: Establish the correspondence between modulation symbols and orthogonal bases, where the correspondence is used to characterize the correspondence between a modulation symbol and an orthogonal base.

[0047] The correspondence between modulation symbols and orthogonal bases is established using the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] Where, x k The extended dimension symbol is represented by M, where M represents the dimension of the extended dimension and P represents the energy of the extended dimension symbol. The extended dimension symbol is used to characterize the orthogonal basis corresponding to the modulation symbol. The extended dimension symbol indicates which orthogonal basis is used for the transmission of a set of p bits. The vector has a total of M elements. If the nth orthogonal basis is used for modulation, the nth element of the extended dimension symbol is non-zero.

[0050] The value of p is determined by the following formula: p = log2(M). It should be noted that when the number of orthogonal bases is M, meaning there are M different states, a maximum of p bits can be distinguished. Therefore, each group of p bits corresponds to an orthogonal base, and modulation is performed according to that orthogonal base.

[0051] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a data decoding method provided in an embodiment of this application, used in a second terminal, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 301: After the first terminal sends the information bit stream based on the preset channel, it obtains the received signal from the preset channel;

[0053] In a specific example, the received signal can be determined using the following formula:

[0054] Y = AX + n

[0055] Where Y is the received signal, X is the information bit stream, A is the channel transfer matrix used to represent fading, and n is Gaussian white noise.

[0056] Step 302: After coherent demodulation of the information bitstream, maximum ratio combining is performed to obtain the processing result;

[0057] The information bitstream is coherently demodulated and then subjected to maximum ratio combining using the following formula to obtain the processing result:

[0058] S = (AX) H Y

[0059] Where S represents the processing result and H represents the Hadamard matrix.

[0060] Step 303: Decode the processing result using iterative decoding based on bit-interleaved coding modulation.

[0061] Step 303 can be further implemented in the following way:

[0062] Step 31: Input the processing result into the demodulator to obtain the first output result, which is determined by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Where t represents the iteration number, and the input of the demodulator after the (t-1)th iteration is v. t-1 , For v t-1 The input of the decoder after the (t-1)th bit is z. t-1 , For z t-1 The j-th bit has a total code length of n. t b j (s i ) indicates when the transmitted symbol is s i When, n t The value of the j-th bit out of the bits; p(y|s i ) represents the likelihood probability, and k represents the index. The 'k'th bit of the decoder input after the t-th iteration is represented; 'i' represents the transmitted symbol 's'. i The position within the set of transmitted symbols. And the transmitted symbol s. i There is n t Each bit has a value of either 0 or 1. j (s i ) represents the sending symbol s i The value of the j-th bit is also either 0 or 1.

[0065] It should be noted that the transmitting symbol s in the embodiments of this application... i and the dimension extension symbol x k They are equivalent.

[0066] Among them, (y|s i ) represents the likelihood probability:

[0067]

[0068] Where y is the received dimension-expanding symbol, i and k represent indices, M identifies the dimension of the dimension-expanding symbol y, and P represents the energy of the dimension-expanding symbol y. i and h i In this context, 'i' is related to the aforementioned sending symbol 's'. i The corresponding y in i i The extended dimension symbol for position i, h i The fading coefficient of the extended-dimensional symbol at position i after passing through the channel is represented by k, and k indicates that all other positions except position i have been traversed.

[0069] Step 32: Use the first output result as the input to the decoder to obtain the second output result;

[0070] Step 33: Obtain the decoded codeword from the second output result based on the bit decision method.

[0071] For steps 32 and 33 above, in the specific example, the maximum likelihood ratio output after BICM-ID is: The first n0 valid information bits can be extracted, and the decoded codeword can be obtained by bit decision method. The bit decision rule is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] As can be seen, through the data encoding and decoding methods described in the embodiments of this application, the time domain, frequency domain, and code domain can be jointly constructed to form a high-dimensional signal space, thereby constructing a high-dimensional orthogonal basis. Furthermore, the dimension of the expanded dimension can be selected according to the channel state, thereby adjusting the distance between the selected orthogonal bases to meet different transmission requirements. Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, combining the iterative decoding scheme based on bit-interleaved coding modulation with the expanded-dimensional communication scheme can reduce the loss of soft information between the demodulator and decoder, improving the performance of the expanded-dimensional communication system.

[0074] The following is a detailed description of a specific implementation of this application, which provides a multidimensional diversity-enabled extended-dimensional communication method. This method can be applied to aerospace network scenarios with low signal-to-noise ratios and strict latency constraints. The overall architecture of this extended-dimensional communication method is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Based on Figure 4 The architecture, in this specific implementation, includes an extended-dimensional communication method with multidimensional diversity capabilities, comprising:

[0075] Step 401: Generate an extended-dimensional orthogonal basis.

[0076] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, each data symbol is represented by f0, f1, f2…f nTransmitting at multiple frequencies, for each frequency, an orthogonal codeword is constructed using a Hadamard matrix within a single symbol period. Combining these orthogonal codewords across multiple symbol periods forms an extended-dimensional state matrix. For example, after constructing orthogonal codewords using a 4×4 Hadamard matrix within a single frequency and single symbol period, combining these codewords over four symbol periods yields a 4×4 state matrix. 4 =256 states, from which orthogonal bases are selected, thus forming an extended-dimensional state matrix. By combining different signal dimensions, the number of high-dimensional orthogonal bases can be increased exponentially, thereby obtaining the ability of multidimensional diversity.

[0077] Step 402: Generate the information bit stream to be transmitted. Use LDPC encoding to group the encoded information bits into groups of p (p = log2(M)) bits, and map them into modulation symbols. The modulation symbols correspond one-to-one with the extended-dimensional orthogonal basis and are transmitted in space.

[0078] The wireless channel is set to Rayleigh fading channel.

[0079] Step 403: At the receiving end, a maximum ratio combining design after coherent demodulation is adopted, and an iterative decoding scheme based on bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM-ID) is used.

[0080] If the receiver achieves synchronization and can accurately obtain channel state information, a maximum ratio combining design after coherent demodulation is adopted:

[0081] Y = AX + n

[0082] Where X is the transmitted signal, A is the channel transfer matrix, and n is Gaussian white noise.

[0083] S = (AX) H Y

[0084] Where S represents the received result of coherent demodulation with maximum ratio combining.

[0085] The received result of coherent demodulation is then input into a soft-input, soft-output iterative demodulator and decoder. The soft information output formula of the demodulator during the iteration process is shown below:

[0086]

[0087] Where t represents the number of iterations, the input of the demodulator is v. t The decoder input is z t The total code length is n t b j (s i) indicates when the transmitted symbol is s i When, n t The value of the j-th bit in a set of bits, p(y|s i ) represents the likelihood probability:

[0088]

[0089] The maximum likelihood ratio output after BICM-ID is The first n0 valid information bits can be extracted, and the decoded codeword can be obtained by bit decision method. The bit decision rule is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen, compared to the existing spread spectrum communication system where the communicating parties need to agree on the hopping / spreading pattern in advance, resulting in limited signal space, the extended dimension communication scheme in this application embodiment can fully utilize multi-dimensional signal spaces such as time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and code domain, allowing the extended dimension pattern in the high-dimensional signal space to carry information, thereby achieving higher de-amplification gain and spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the speed, bandwidth, and power of communication terminals in existing spread spectrum systems are limited, leading to an asymmetry between the performance of interference equipment and the performance of communication terminals. The extended dimension communication scheme in this application embodiment, however, expands the statistical dimension by selecting different high-dimensional orthogonal bases, and the interference signal must cover most of the statistical dimension to achieve the interference effect, giving the extended dimension communication scheme stronger anti-interference capabilities. In addition, the use of soft-input soft-output iterative processing technology can reduce the loss of soft information between the demodulator and decoder, improve the performance of the extended dimension communication system, and allow extended dimension communication to approach the Shannon capacity limit with finite code length when the dimension is high.

[0092] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the terminal includes:

[0093] The construction module 502 is used to construct the orthogonal codeword corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the target matrix in a single symbol period for each of the multiple frequency points, wherein each data to be transmitted is sent using multiple frequency points;

[0094] The first processing module 504 is used to combine orthogonal codewords within a multi-codeword period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix, wherein the extended-dimensional state matrix includes multiple orthogonal bases;

[0095] Encoding module 506 is used to encode the data to be transmitted to obtain the information bit stream to be transmitted;

[0096] The second processing module 508 is used to establish the correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis, and to transmit the information bit stream on a preset wireless channel based on the correspondence.

[0097] As can be seen, after constructing the orthogonal codewords corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the target matrix, the orthogonal codewords are combined within a multi-symbol period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix. Orthogonal bases are selected from the extended-dimensional state matrix to establish the correspondence between the matrix and the encoded information bit stream. Different orthogonal bases indicate different numbers and code distances of states to meet different rate and reliability requirements. Compared with the spread spectrum communication scheme and index modulation scheme in the prior art, the spectrum utilization is higher and the anti-interference is better.

[0098] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first processing module 504 may further include: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire a corresponding first-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on a frequency point within a multi-symbol period; a second acquisition unit, configured to acquire a corresponding second-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on a time slot within a multi-symbol period; a third acquisition unit, configured to acquire a corresponding third-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on a beam within a multi-symbol period; a fourth acquisition unit, configured to acquire a corresponding fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword based on a sequence within a multi-symbol period; and a first processing unit, configured to combine the first-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the second-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the third-dimensional orthogonal codeword, and the fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix.

[0099] In an optional embodiment of this application, the second processing module 508 may further include: a second processing unit, configured to set each p bits in the information bit stream to be transmitted as a group of bits, and map each group of bits as a modulation symbol; and an establishment unit, configured to establish a correspondence between modulation symbols and orthogonal bases, wherein the correspondence is used to characterize a modulation symbol corresponding to an orthogonal base.

[0100] In an optional embodiment of this application, the correspondence between modulation symbols and orthogonal bases is established using the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] Where, x k The symbol represents the dimension expansion, M represents the dimension of the expansion, and P represents the energy of the dimension expansion symbol; the dimension expansion symbol is used to characterize the orthogonal basis corresponding to the modulation symbol.

[0103] In an optional embodiment of this application, the value of p is determined by the following formula: p = log2(M).

[0104] It should be noted that the terminal provided in this application embodiment is capable of performing the above-described... Figure 1If the device for encoding data in the embodiments is applicable to the terminal, then all implementations of the above-described data encoding method embodiments are applicable to the terminal and can achieve the same or similar beneficial effects.

[0105] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cloud server provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the terminal includes:

[0106] The receiving module 602 is used to obtain the received signal from the preset channel after the first terminal sends the information bit stream based on the preset channel;

[0107] The third processing module 604 is used to perform maximum ratio combining after coherent demodulation of the information bit stream to obtain the processing result;

[0108] The decoding module 606 is used to decode the processing result based on bit-interleaved coded modulation iterative decoding.

[0109] In an optional embodiment of this application, the received signal is determined using the following formula:

[0110] Y = AX + n

[0111] Where Y is the received signal, X is the information bit stream, A is the channel transfer matrix used to represent fading, and n is Gaussian white noise.

[0112] In an optional embodiment of this application, the information bitstream is coherently demodulated and then subjected to maximum ratio combining using the following formula to obtain the processing result:

[0113] S = (AX) H Y

[0114] Where S represents the processing result.

[0115] In an optional embodiment of this application, the decoding module may further include:

[0116] The third processing unit is used to input the processing result into the demodulator to obtain the first output result, wherein the first output result is determined by the following formula:

[0117]

[0118] Where t represents the number of iterations, and the input to the demodulator is v. t The decoder input is z t The total code length is n t b j (s i ) indicates when the transmitted symbol is s i When, nt The value of the j-th bit in a set of bits, p(y|s i ) represents the likelihood probability;

[0119] The fourth processing unit is used to take the first output result as the input of the decoder to obtain the second output result;

[0120] The fifth processing unit is used to obtain the decoded codeword from the second output result based on the bit decision method.

[0121] It should be noted that the terminal provided in this application embodiment is capable of performing the above-described... Figure 3 If the device for the data decoding method in the embodiment is applicable to the terminal, then all implementations of the data decoding method in the above embodiment are applicable to the terminal and can achieve the same or similar beneficial effects.

[0122] This application also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the above-described functionality. Figure 1 The various processes of the data encoding method embodiments shown above, or the above Figure 3 The various processes of the data decoding method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0123] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described functionality. Figure 1 The various processes of the data encoding method embodiments shown above, or the above Figure 3 The various processes of the data decoding method embodiment shown are all applicable and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here. The computer-readable storage medium mentioned includes, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0124] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0125] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0126] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A data encoding method, applied to a first terminal, characterized in that, The method includes: For each of the multiple frequency points, an orthogonal codeword corresponding to the data to be transmitted is constructed based on the target matrix in a single symbol period, wherein each piece of data to be transmitted is sent using the multiple frequency points; The orthogonal codewords are combined within a multi-codeword period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix, wherein the extended-dimensional state matrix includes multiple orthogonal bases; The data to be transmitted is encoded to obtain the bit stream of information to be transmitted; Establish a correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis, and transmit the information bit stream on a preset wireless channel based on the correspondence; Establishing the correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis includes: Each bit in the bit stream of information to be transmitted is set as a group of bits, and each group of bits is mapped to a modulation symbol; Establish a correspondence between the modulation symbols and the orthogonal basis, wherein the correspondence is used to characterize that one modulation symbol corresponds to one orthogonal basis; The correspondence between the modulation symbols and the orthogonal basis is established using the following formula: ； in, Represents the dimension expansion symbol. The dimension of the extended dimension is represented by the number of dimensions. The energy of the dimension-expanding symbol is used to characterize the orthogonal basis corresponding to the modulation symbol. The value of is determined by the following formula: ; The extended dimension symbol represents which orthogonal basis is used for the transmission of a group of p bits. It has a total of M elements. If the nth orthogonal basis is used for modulation, then the nth element of the extended dimension symbol is non-zero.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Combining the orthogonal codewords within a multi-codeword period yields an extended-dimensional state matrix, including: Within the multi-symbol period, the corresponding first-dimensional orthogonal codeword is obtained based on the frequency point; Within the multi-symbol period, the corresponding second-dimensional orthogonal codeword is obtained based on the time slot; Within the multi-symbol period, the corresponding third-dimensional orthogonal codeword is obtained based on the beam; Within the multi-symbol period, the corresponding fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword is obtained based on the sequence; The extended-dimensional state matrix is ​​obtained by combining the first-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the second-dimensional orthogonal codeword, the third-dimensional orthogonal codeword, and the fourth-dimensional orthogonal codeword.

3. A terminal, characterized in that, include: The construction module is used to construct the orthogonal codeword corresponding to the data to be transmitted based on the target matrix in a single symbol period for each of the multiple frequency points, wherein each piece of data to be transmitted is sent using the multiple frequency points; The first processing module is used to combine the orthogonal codewords within a multi-codeword period to obtain an extended-dimensional state matrix, wherein the extended-dimensional state matrix includes multiple orthogonal bases; The encoding module is used to encode the data to be transmitted to obtain the information bit stream to be transmitted; The second processing module is used to establish the correspondence between the information bit stream and the orthogonal basis, and to transmit the information bit stream in a preset wireless channel based on the correspondence. The second processing module includes: The second processing unit is used to set each bit in the information bit stream to be transmitted as a group of bits, and to map each group of bits as a modulation symbol; An establishment unit is used to establish a correspondence between the modulation symbol and the orthogonal basis, wherein the correspondence is used to characterize that one modulation symbol corresponds to one orthogonal basis; The correspondence between the modulation symbols and the orthogonal basis is established using the following formula: ； in, Represents the dimension expansion symbol. The dimension of the extended dimension is represented by the number of dimensions. The energy of the dimension-expanding symbol is used to characterize the orthogonal basis corresponding to the modulation symbol. The value of is determined by the following formula: ; The extended dimension symbol represents which orthogonal basis is used for the transmission of a group of p bits. It has a total of M elements. If the nth orthogonal basis is used for modulation, then the nth element of the extended dimension symbol is non-zero.

4. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the data encoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data encoding method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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