Flue gas multi-stage purification treatment device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of flue gas purification devices, in particular to a flue gas multi-stage purification treatment device based on garbage recycling incineration power generation, which comprises a filtering absorption layer, an atomization nozzle, a crack funnel and an electric control valve, and further comprises a flue gas recognition unit, a valve control unit, a waste liquid recycling unit and a gas inlet control unit, according to the flue gas purification device, the purification effect on solid particles in flue gas is achieved through the absorption layer, gas containing sulfur, nitrogen and the like in gas is absorbed through atomization spraying of absorption liquid, different purification structures conduct targeted purification on different purification targets, the saturation degree of the absorption liquid is detected, and the purification efficiency is improved. And the tail gas flow rate is controlled according to the saturation degree of the absorption liquid, so that the purification effect is ensured, and the problem of low purification efficiency caused by circulating purification is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flue gas purification devices, and in particular to a multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation. Background Art

[0002] Waste incineration is the process of reducing the volume of waste through oxidation at high temperature through appropriate thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and other reactions, turning it into residue or molten solid matter. Waste incineration can maximize the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of waste, and has become an important part of the circular economy.

[0003] However, incineration will inevitably bring secondary pollution. The flue gas produced by garbage incineration contains a large amount of substances harmful to the environment, such as acidic gases, nitrogen oxides, dust, dioxins, heavy metals, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly purify the flue gas produced by garbage incineration before it is discharged into the atmosphere to minimize its impact on the surrounding environment, better solve the problem of resource shortage, and reduce garbage emissions and secondary pollution caused by garbage incineration. The high-temperature flue gas produced by the pyrolysis incinerator of domestic garbage can be recovered and purified by corresponding equipment;

[0004] Patent CN112588030A discloses a technical solution, which is to purify the flue gas by setting a primary purification device and a secondary purification device, effectively improving the problem of substandard purification effect in a single purification device; however, the primary and secondary purification devices used in the solution have the same structure, so that the two groups of purification devices cannot cover different purification targets, and the purification pertinence of each stage of purification device is insufficient. At the same time, the solution is to monitor the purified gas and circulate the purification to ensure the purification effect. Therefore, when the cyclic purification is carried out, the purification efficiency of the newly generated tail gas will be greatly affected;

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0006] In the present invention, the purification effect of solid particles in the flue gas is achieved through the absorption layer, and the absorption of gases such as sulfur and nitrogen in the gas is achieved through the atomized spraying of the absorption liquid, so that different purification structures can carry out targeted purification on different purification targets, and the saturation degree of the absorption liquid is detected, and the exhaust gas flow rate is controlled according to the saturation degree of the absorption liquid, thereby ensuring the purification effect while avoiding the problem of reduced purification efficiency caused by cyclic purification, so as to solve the technical defects proposed by the background technology.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device based on garbage recycling incineration power generation, comprising a purification tank, an air outlet pipe is opened on the top of the purification tank, and a secondary air inlet pipe is connected to one side of the bottom, an electric control valve is fixedly installed on the outside of the secondary air inlet pipe, and a return air pipeline and a primary air inlet pipe are also connected to the electric control valve, and the electric control valve can select a channel through an electronic control signal, and the channel includes a return air pipeline and a secondary air inlet pipe, wherein the primary air inlet pipe is connected to the tail gas outlet end of the garbage incinerator;

[0008] A filtering and absorbing layer is installed at the bottom of the purification tank, a slit funnel is fixedly installed in the middle of the purification tank, a liquid return pipe is fixedly installed at the center of the slit funnel, and the output end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the waste liquid recovery tank;

[0009] At least two groups of atomizing nozzles are installed near the top of the purification tank, and at least two groups of liquefaction baffles are installed inside the air outlet pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filtering absorption layer is divided into a multi-layer structure, and the slit funnel includes multiple annular structures, wherein the annular structure of the outer circle is stacked on top of the annular structure of the inner circle, and gaps are left between the multiple annular structures to facilitate the passage of gas under the slit funnel. The cross-sectional view of each annular structure is an L-shaped structure, and the upper surface of the annular structure is inclined toward the center of the circle, so that the absorption liquid falling on the slit funnel converges to the center of the circle.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquefaction baffles are all inclined in different directions, and the side of the liquefaction baffle located at a high position is open, and the side located at a low position is connected to the gas outlet pipe.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a flue gas purification system, which includes a flue gas sampling unit, a flue gas identification unit, a valve control unit, a waste liquid recovery unit and an air intake control unit;

[0013] The smoke sampling unit is used to sample the smoke in the primary air intake pipe;

[0014] The smoke identification unit is used to perform smoke analysis on the gas sample obtained by sampling;

[0015] The valve control unit controls the electronically controlled valve according to the smoke analysis result;

[0016] The waste liquid recovery unit detects the liquid in the liquid return pipe and determines the absorption ratio according to the monitoring results;

[0017] The air intake control unit generates an air intake control instruction according to the absorption ratio, and controls the flow rate of the gas entering the secondary air intake pipe.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smoke sampling unit performs gas sampling at a set interval frequency through a primary air intake pipe;

[0019] The smoke identification unit obtains the gas particle concentration and gas combustibility in the sampled smoke through a smoke analyzer. The method for the smoke identification unit to obtain the gas combustibility is:

[0020] The smoke identification unit records carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons as combustibles, and obtains the combustible content by dividing the amount of combustibles by the volume of the gas sample.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smoke identification unit compares the combustible content with a set content threshold, and generates a sufficient combustion signal or an incomplete combustion signal according to the comparison result;

[0022] When the valve control unit obtains an incomplete combustion signal, it generates a gas recovery signal, and controls the electronically controlled valve to select the channel of the return air pipeline through its gas recovery signal. When the valve control unit obtains a complete combustion signal, it generates a gas purification signal, and controls the electronically controlled valve to select the channel of the secondary intake pipe through the gas purification signal.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste liquid recovery unit records the liquid in the return liquid pipeline as the rear end liquid, and detects the absorbent content in the rear end liquid. The waste liquid recovery unit compares the absorbent content of the rear end liquid with the set standard, and records the comparison result as the absorption ratio;

[0024] The waste liquid recovery unit compares the absorption ratio with the absorption ratio threshold range. If the absorption ratio does not reach the minimum value of the absorption ratio threshold, an absorption deficiency signal is generated. If the absorption ratio exceeds the maximum value in the absorption ratio threshold range, an absorption saturation signal is generated.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste liquid recovery unit sends an insufficient absorption signal and an absorption saturation signal to the intake control unit, and the intake control unit generates an intake acceleration instruction after obtaining the insufficient absorption signal, and generates an intake deceleration instruction after obtaining the absorption saturation signal;

[0026] Each time the intake control unit generates an intake acceleration instruction and an intake deceleration instruction, it controls the gas flow rate entering the secondary intake pipe to increase or decrease accordingly. Each time the intake control unit executes the intake acceleration instruction and the intake deceleration instruction, it adjusts the current intake speed according to a set ratio to increase or decrease the intake speed.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. In the present invention, the purification effect of solid particles in the flue gas is achieved through the absorption layer. After the gas passes through the solid particles, the absorption of sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing gases in the gas is achieved through the atomized spraying of the absorption liquid, so that different purification structures can perform targeted purification on different purification targets. While ensuring the purification effect, the inclined baffle set at the gas outlet can effectively ensure the reflux of the absorption liquid and the passage of the gas.

[0029] 2. In the present invention, the content of combustible particles in the flue gas is determined by monitoring the flue gas, and the conduction direction of the flue gas is controlled by an electrically controlled valve that can change the channel, so that the flue gas that is not completely burned is led back to the boiler for continued combustion, and then introduced into the purification device after complete combustion, thereby avoiding the large-scale loss of incompletely burned particles and causing waste of boiler energy.

[0030] 3. In the present invention, the absorption ratio of the absorption liquid is detected, and the saturation degree of the absorption liquid is judged according to the absorption ratio. When the saturation degree is insufficient, the gas flow rate is increased, and when the saturation degree is too high, the gas flow rate is reduced, so that the absorption liquid can obtain a better absorption effect during atomization spraying, ensuring the purification effect while avoiding the problem of reduced purification efficiency caused by cyclic purification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slotted funnel of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. purification tank; 2. air outlet pipe; 3. primary air inlet pipe; 4. air return pipe; 5. electric control valve; 6. secondary air inlet pipe; 7. liquid return pipe; 8. atomizing nozzle; 9. slit funnel; 10. filter absorption layer; 11. liquefaction baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical scheme of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the embodiments below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a flue gas multi-stage purification treatment device based on garbage recycling incineration power generation includes a purification tank 1, an air outlet pipe 2 is opened on the top of the purification tank 1, a secondary air inlet pipe 6 is connected to one side of the bottom of the purification tank 1, and an electric control valve 5 is fixedly installed on the side of the secondary air inlet pipe 6 away from the purification tank 1. In addition to the secondary air inlet pipe 6, the electric control valve 5 is also connected to a return air pipeline 4 and a primary air inlet pipe 3, wherein the primary air inlet pipe 3 is connected to the tail gas outlet end of the garbage incinerator, and is used to introduce the tail gas through the garbage incinerator;

[0039] The electric control valve 5 can select the channel through the electronic control signal, and selectively guide the gas entering from the primary air intake pipe 3 into the return air pipe 4 or the secondary air intake pipe 6. When the particles in the gas are not completely burned, the return air pipe 4 is selected for conduction. When the particles in the gas are completely burned, the secondary air intake pipe 6 is selected for conduction. The secondary air intake pipe 6 guides the gas into the bottom layer of the purification tank 1, and the return air pipe 4 guides the gas back to the garbage incinerator.

[0040] A filtering and absorbing layer 10 is installed at the bottom of the purification tank 1, and a slit funnel 9 is fixedly installed in the middle of the purification tank 1. The filtering and absorbing layer 10 is divided into a multi-layer structure. The slit funnel 9 includes multiple annular structures, wherein the outer annular structure is superimposed on the inner annular structure, and gaps are left between the multiple annular structures to facilitate the passage of gas under the slit funnel 9. The cross-sectional view of each annular structure is an L-shaped structure, and the upper surface of the annular structure is inclined toward the center of the circle, so that the absorption liquid falling on the slit funnel 9 converges to the center of the circle;

[0041] A liquid return pipe 7 is fixedly installed at the center of the slit funnel 9, and the output end of the liquid return pipe 7 is connected to the waste liquid recovery tank. At least two groups of atomizing nozzles 8 are installed near the top of the purification tank 1. The multiple groups of atomizing nozzles 8 are arranged in a circle inside the purification tank 1, so that the spray can completely cover the gas on the top of the purification tank 1.

[0042] At least two groups of liquefied baffles 11 are installed inside the gas outlet pipe 2, wherein the two groups of liquefied baffles 11 are arranged at an angle, and the side of the liquefied baffle 11 located at a high position is open, and the side located at a low position is connected to the gas outlet pipe 2, so that when the gas flows out through the gas outlet pipe 2, the absorption liquid carried by the gas can contact the liquefied baffle 11 to gather, and slide down along the liquefied baffle 11 and return to the slit funnel 9.

[0043] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, the multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device also includes a flue gas purification system, which includes a flue gas sampling unit, a flue gas identification unit, a valve control unit, a waste liquid recovery unit and an air intake control unit;

[0044] The flue gas sampling unit performs gas sampling through the primary air inlet pipe 3. The frequency of gas sampling is the set interval frequency. The gas samples obtained by sampling are identified by the flue gas identification unit to obtain the gas particle concentration and gas combustibility in the flue gas. When the flue gas identification unit performs the detection, the content of carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in the boiler exhaust gas is detected by the flue gas analyzer, and the content of solid particulate matter in the exhaust gas is monitored and recorded in units of concentration;

[0045] The flue gas identification unit records the amount of combustibles and solid particle content in the boiler exhaust gas. The combustibles include carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The flue gas identification unit divides the amount of combustibles by the volume of the gas sample.

[0046] The smoke identification unit compares the combustible content with the set content threshold. If the combustible content is greater than the set content threshold, an incomplete combustion signal is generated. If the combustible content is not greater than the set content threshold, a complete combustion signal is generated.

[0047] When the valve control unit obtains an incomplete combustion signal, it generates a gas recovery signal, and controls the electric control valve 5 to open the channel of the return air pipeline 4 and close the channel of the secondary intake pipe 6 through its gas recovery signal. When the valve control unit obtains a complete combustion signal, it generates a gas purification signal, and controls the electric control valve 5 to close the channel of the return air pipeline 4 and open the channel of the secondary intake pipe 6 through the gas purification signal.

[0048] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, the waste liquid recovery unit performs liquid detection on the liquid in the liquid return pipe 7 and records it as the rear end liquid. The waste liquid recovery unit compares the rear end liquid with the initial liquid and records the comparison result as the absorption ratio;

[0049] The waste liquid recovery unit compares the absorption ratio with the absorption ratio threshold range. If the absorption ratio does not reach the minimum value of the absorption ratio threshold, an absorption deficiency signal is generated. If the absorption ratio is within the set absorption ratio threshold range, an absorption normal signal is generated. If the absorption ratio exceeds the maximum value in the absorption ratio threshold range, an absorption saturation signal is generated.

[0050] The waste liquid recovery unit sends the insufficient absorption signal and the saturated absorption signal to the intake control unit. After obtaining the insufficient absorption signal, the intake control unit generates an intake acceleration instruction. After obtaining the saturated absorption signal, the intake control unit generates an intake deceleration instruction.

[0051] Each time the intake control unit generates an intake acceleration instruction and an intake deceleration instruction, it controls the gas flow rate entering the secondary intake pipe 6 to increase or decrease accordingly. Each time the intake control unit executes the intake acceleration instruction and the intake deceleration instruction, it adjusts the current intake speed according to the set ratio to increase or decrease the intake speed.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage flue gas purification device based on waste recycling and incineration power generation, comprising a purification tank (1), characterized in that: The purification tank (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (2) at the top, and is connected to a secondary air inlet pipe (6) at one side of the bottom. An electric control valve (5) is fixedly installed on the outside of the secondary air inlet pipe (6). The electric control valve (5) is also connected to a return air pipeline (4) and a primary air inlet pipe (3). The electric control valve (5) can select a channel through an electronic control signal. The channel includes the return air pipeline (4) and the secondary air inlet pipe (6), wherein the primary air inlet pipe (3) is connected to the tail gas outlet of the waste incinerator; A filtering and absorbing layer (10) is installed at the bottom of the purification tank (1), a slit funnel (9) is fixedly installed in the middle of the purification tank (1), a liquid return pipe (7) is fixedly installed at the center of the slit funnel (9), and the output end of the liquid return pipe (7) is connected to the waste liquid recovery tank; At least two groups of atomizing nozzles (8) are installed inside the purification tank (1) near the top, and at least two groups of liquefaction baffles (11) are installed inside the gas outlet pipe (2).

2. The multi-stage flue gas purification device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering absorption layer (10) is divided into a multi-layer structure, and the slit funnel (9) includes a plurality of annular structures, wherein the outer annular structure is stacked on top of the inner annular structure, and gaps are left between the plurality of annular structures to facilitate the passage of gas below the slit funnel (9). The cross-sectional view of each annular structure is an L-shaped structure, and the upper surface of the annular structure is inclined toward the center of the circle, so that the absorption liquid falling on the slit funnel (9) converges to the center of the circle.

3. The multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquefaction baffles (11) are all arranged to be inclined in different directions, and the side of the liquefaction baffle (11) located at a higher position is open, while the side located at a lower position is connected to the gas outlet pipe (2).

4. The multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a flue gas purification system, which includes a flue gas sampling unit, a flue gas identification unit, a valve control unit, a waste liquid recovery unit and an air intake control unit; The smoke sampling unit is used to sample the smoke in the primary air intake pipe (3); The smoke identification unit is used to perform smoke analysis on the gas sample obtained by sampling; The valve control unit controls the electric control valve (5) according to the smoke analysis result; The waste liquid recovery unit detects the liquid in the liquid return pipe (7) and determines the absorption ratio according to the monitoring result; The air intake control unit generates an air intake control instruction according to the absorption ratio, and controls the flow rate of the gas entering the secondary air intake pipe (6).

5. The multi-stage flue gas purification device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The smoke sampling unit performs gas sampling at a set interval frequency through the primary air inlet pipe (3); The smoke identification unit obtains the gas particle concentration and gas combustibility in the sampled smoke through a smoke analyzer. The method for the smoke identification unit to obtain the gas combustibility is: The smoke identification unit records carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons as combustibles, and obtains the combustible content by dividing the amount of combustibles by the volume of the gas sample.

6. The multi-stage flue gas purification device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The smoke identification unit compares the combustible content with a set content threshold, and generates a sufficient combustion signal or an incomplete combustion signal according to the comparison result; The valve control unit generates a gas recovery signal when obtaining a combustion incomplete signal, and controls the electric control valve (5) to select the channel of the return air pipeline (4) through the gas recovery signal. The valve control unit generates a gas purification signal when obtaining a combustion complete signal, and controls the electric control valve (5) to select the channel of the secondary intake pipe (6) through the gas purification signal.

7. The multi-stage flue gas purification treatment device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The waste liquid recovery unit records the liquid in the liquid return pipe (7) as the rear end liquid, and detects the content of the absorbent in the rear end liquid. The waste liquid recovery unit compares the content of the absorbent in the rear end liquid with a set standard, and records the comparison result as the absorption ratio; The waste liquid recovery unit compares the absorption ratio with the absorption ratio threshold range. If the absorption ratio does not reach the minimum value of the absorption ratio threshold, an absorption deficiency signal is generated. If the absorption ratio exceeds the maximum value in the absorption ratio threshold range, an absorption saturation signal is generated.

8. The multi-stage flue gas purification device based on garbage recycling and incineration power generation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The waste liquid recovery unit sends an insufficient absorption signal and an absorption saturation signal to the intake control unit. After acquiring the insufficient absorption signal, the intake control unit generates an intake acceleration instruction. After acquiring the absorption saturation signal, the intake control unit generates an intake deceleration instruction. Each time the air intake control unit generates an air intake acceleration instruction and an air intake deceleration instruction, it controls the gas flow rate entering the secondary air intake pipe (6) to increase or decrease accordingly. Each time the air intake control unit executes the air intake acceleration instruction and the air intake deceleration instruction, it adjusts the current air intake speed according to a set ratio to increase or decrease the air intake speed.

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