A welding fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of welding and fixing technology, and discloses a welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components, comprising an operating platform, a V-shaped block, a steel pipe, and flanges arranged at both ends of the steel pipe. The operating platform is also symmetrically provided with fixing components, which include a base symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a vertical plate fixed to the base, an inner cylinder rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and four groups of supporting components distributed at equal distances along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder. Each group of supporting components includes an inner support block and an outer abutment block integrally provided with the inner support block. The inner support blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe and the flange are in contact, and the outer abutment blocks are evenly distributed on the end face of the flange. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components can uniformly stress the steel pipe and the flange in the circumferential direction by providing four groups of evenly distributed supporting components, thereby avoiding problems such as deformation of the steel pipe and the flange due to stress concentration at a certain point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of welding and fixing, and in particular to a welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components. Background Art

[0002] In the construction and maintenance of modern industrial pipeline systems, the connection between flanges and steel pipes is a crucial link. The quality of the connection directly affects the sealing, stability and safety of the entire system. In the existing technology, right-angle blocks and V-blocks are usually used to externally fix the flanges and steel pipes, and then argon arc welding is used to spot weld the joints between the flanges and steel pipes to ensure the strength and durability of the connection.

[0003] The existing publication number CN114055071A discloses a clamp for welding iron pipes, which includes a base plate, a discharge port is opened at the central axis inside the base plate, partitions are fixedly connected to the front and back ends of the top of the base plate, a pipe fitting is provided on the top of the base plate, and a clamping device is provided on the outer surface of the pipe fitting. The clamping device includes a supporting mechanism, and a fixed sleeve is provided on the upper end of the supporting mechanism. Although the above technical solution can squeeze the connecting block through the tension of the spring after the iron pipe is inserted, the connecting block drives the clamping sleeve to move down and reset through the pull rope, so that the clamping sleeve and the fixed sleeve can cooperate with each other to fix and limit the iron pipe through the cross bar, thereby completing the clamping of the iron pipe, which has the advantage of ensuring more accurate welding of the iron pipe.

[0004] However, in the existing technology, in the traditional welding method, right-angle blocks and V-blocks can only fix the external structure of the flange and the steel pipe. When performing argon arc welding, due to local heating and cooling during the welding process, a temperature gradient will appear near the weld. When the welding head is spot welded, the geometric shape of the weld and the uneven thermal stress distribution in the heated area will cause an uneven stress state around the weld. This uneven stress distribution is mainly concentrated at the edge of the weld and its surrounding areas, especially at the beginning and end positions of welding. These areas experience different degrees of heating and cooling during the welding process, resulting in inconsistent local contraction and expansion, thereby causing welding deformation. The generation of stress deformation will affect the welding quality of the flange and the steel pipe. Specific problems include: decreased strength of the weld joint, weld cracking and other defects. Therefore, a new type of welding fixture for preventing stress deformation of components is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding fixture to prevent stress deformation of components, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that when spot welding is performed on the welding head, the geometric shape of the weld and the uneven thermal stress distribution in the heated area will lead to uneven stress state around the welding point.

[0006] The present invention provides a welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components, comprising an operating platform, V-shaped blocks symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a steel pipe placed on the V-shaped blocks, and flanges arranged at both ends of the steel pipe. The operating platform is also symmetrically provided with fixing components for welding and fixing the steel pipe and the flange;

[0008] The fixing assembly includes a base symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a vertical plate fixed to the base, an inner cylinder rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and four groups of supporting components equidistantly distributed along the circumference of the inner cylinder;

[0009] Each group of support components includes an inner support block and an outer abutment block integrally provided with the inner support block. The inner support blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe and the flange are in contact. The outer abutment blocks are evenly distributed on the end surface of the flange and are used to make the flange close to the two ends of the steel pipe. The inner support block is also provided with a reaction force support plate for reversely abutting the weld seam between the steel pipe and the flange.

[0010] A control assembly for controlling the expansion of four groups of support components is provided in the inner cylinder, and the control assembly includes a fixed block fixed in the inner cylinder, a threaded rod rotatably provided on the fixed block, a first screw sleeve threaded on the threaded rod, a first hinged rod hinged between the inner support block and the first screw sleeve, and a second hinged rod rotatably provided between the inner support block and the fixed block, and the middle position of the first hinged rod and the middle position of the second hinged rod are hinged through a central axis.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting block is integrally provided on the reaction support plate, an oblique rod is fixed on the connecting block, a roller is rotatably provided at the other end of the oblique rod, a movable groove is provided on the inner support block, a wedge block is slidably provided in the movable groove, and the roller is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block;

[0012] The threaded rod is also provided with a second screw sleeve for controlling the wedge block to translate along the length direction of the movable groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the second screw sleeve is mounted on the threaded rod through a threaded sleeve, and a telescopic component is provided between the second screw sleeve and the wedge block.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic component includes a sleeve fixed on the second nut and a spline rod movably inserted in the sleeve, and the spline rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge blocks respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner cylinder is provided with an angle adjustment assembly, which includes a driven gear fixed on the inner cylinder and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear. The driving gear is rotatably connected to the vertical plate through a rotating shaft. A motor is fixedly mounted on the base, and a transmission component is provided between the output end shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, a sliding groove is provided on the inner supporting block, a slider is slidably provided in the sliding groove, and one end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the slider.

[0017] Furthermore, an oblique guide cylinder is integrally provided in the movable groove, and the oblique rod movably passes through the oblique guide cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the reaction support plate is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of the grooves is rotatably connected to a counter-rolling wheel via a rotating shaft, and the counter-rolling wheel is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe and the flange.

[0019] Furthermore, a cavity is provided in the connecting block, and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns evenly arranged in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting columns penetrate the inner wall of the groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the operating platform is symmetrically provided with hydraulic push rods, the output ends of the hydraulic push rods are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases, and the operating platform is symmetrically provided with guide rails for guiding the bases.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] 1. By providing a fixed component, four groups of evenly distributed support components can stably support and position the steel pipe and flange from the inner wall, so that the axial center lines of the steel pipe and flange completely coincide before welding. During welding, stress will be generated due to thermal expansion and contraction. The four groups of evenly distributed support components can make the steel pipe and flange evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, avoiding deformation of the steel pipe and flange due to stress concentration in a certain place. In addition, the reaction support plate is used to reversely abut the weld seam of the steel pipe and flange, which can effectively disperse the welding stress and avoid stress concentration at the weld seam, thereby reducing the deformation of the steel pipe and flange and improving the welding quality and structural stability.

[0023] 2. By providing a control component, the support component can be controlled to expand or contract under the hinged action of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod. For combinations of steel pipes and flanges with different diameters and wall thicknesses, the positions of the inner support block and the outer abutment block can be adjusted to better adapt to their changes, thereby improving the adaptability of the support component and the reaction support plate when facing different working conditions.

[0024] 3. By providing an angle adjustment component, the support components and reaction support plates can be adjusted in real time during the welding process as the welding points move and thermal stress changes. The angle adjustment component can provide key support and reaction support for the welding stress concentration area, effectively balance the welding stress, reduce weld deformation and residual stress, and ensure stable and reliable welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the V-block, steel pipe, flange, fixing assembly and angle adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic side structural cross-sectional diagram of the inner cylinder, inner supporting block, outer abutting block, reaction force support plate and control assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner supporting block and the outer abutting block of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reaction force support plate, connecting block, inclined rod and roller of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner supporting block, the outer abutting block, the first hinge rod, the second hinge rod and the central axis of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic side view of the cross-sectional structure of the steel pipe, flange, inner support block, outer abutment block and reaction support plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wedge block, the second screw sleeve and the telescopic component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the base, vertical plate, inner cylinder and angle adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 It is a schematic side view of the cross-sectional structure of the reaction force support plate, connecting block, inclined rod and roller of the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Operating platform; 2. V-shaped block; 3. Steel pipe; 4. Flange; 5. Fixing assembly; 51. Base; 52. Vertical plate; 53. Inner cylinder; 531. Track; 54. Support component; 541. Inner support block; 5411. Slide; 5412. Slider; 5413. Movable groove; 5414. Oblique guide cylinder; 542. External abutment block; 55. Reaction support plate; 551. Groove; 552. Reverse wheel; 56. Connecting block; 561. Cavity; 562. Heat conducting column; 57. Oblique rod; 58 , roller; 59, wedge block; 6, control assembly; 61, fixed block; 62, threaded rod; 621, rotating handle; 63, first screw sleeve; 64, first hinged rod; 65, second hinged rod; 66, center axis; 5411, slide groove; 67, second screw sleeve; 68, telescopic component; 681, sleeve; 682, spline rod; 7, angle adjustment assembly; 71, driven gear; 72, driving gear; 73, rotating shaft; 74, motor; 75, transmission component; 8, hydraulic push rod; 9, guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 A welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of components includes an operating platform 1, V-shaped blocks 2 symmetrically arranged on the operating platform 1 for supporting and lifting, a steel pipe 3 placed on the V-shaped block 2, and flanges 4 arranged at both ends of the steel pipe 3.

[0041] Hydraulic push rods 8 are also symmetrically provided on the operating platform 1. The output ends of the hydraulic push rods 8 are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases 51. Guide rails 9 for guiding the bases 51 are also symmetrically provided on the operating platform 1. Through the cooperation of the hydraulic push rods 8 and the guide rails 9, the distance between the two groups of fixed components 5 can be adjusted. It should be noted that a controller is also provided on the operating platform 1, and the hydraulic push rods 8 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0042] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4, the operating platform 1 is also symmetrically provided with a fixing assembly 5 for welding and fixing the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. Specifically, the fixing assembly 5 includes a base 51 symmetrically arranged on the operating platform 1, a vertical plate 52 fixed on the base 51, an inner cylinder 53 rotatably arranged on the vertical plate 52, and four groups of supporting components 54 distributed at equal distances along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 53. Each group of supporting components 54 includes an inner supporting block 541 and an outer abutting block 542 integrally provided with the inner supporting block 541. The inner supporting block 541 is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 are in contact, and the outer abutting block 542 is evenly distributed on the end portion of the flange 4. On the surface, it is used to make the flange 4 close to the two ends of the steel pipe 3. Through the joint action of the inner supporting block 541 and the outer abutting block 542, the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 can be evenly supported and positioned from multiple points on the circumference, making it easier to ensure the concentricity and verticality of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, improving the accuracy of the overall positioning, and reducing deviations and misalignments during welding. Secondly, during the welding process, the integrated setting and uniform distribution of the inner supporting block 541 and the outer abutting block 542 enable the supporting force on the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 to be evenly distributed on the circumference, so that the thermal stress generated by welding can be more evenly dispersed, avoiding stress concentration.

[0043] Therefore, the four groups of evenly distributed support components 54 can stably support and position the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 from their inner walls, so that the axial center lines of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 completely coincide before welding. During welding, stress will be generated due to thermal expansion and contraction. The four groups of evenly distributed support components 54 can make the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 evenly stressed in the circumferential direction, avoiding deformation, warping, and even cracks in the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 caused by stress concentration in a certain place, thereby playing a role in stably supporting and fixing the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, making the weld quality higher and the connection strength of the weld joint stronger.

[0044] Further, refer to Figure 4 The inner support block 541 is also provided with a reaction force support plate 55 for reverse abutment of the weld seam between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. During the welding process, the welding heat input will cause thermal stress and deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. The reaction force support plate 55 reverse abuts the weld seam between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, which can effectively disperse the welding stress and avoid stress concentration at the weld seam, thereby reducing the deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 and improving the welding quality and structural stability.

[0045] Through the combined action of the movable groove 5413 , the outer abutment block 542 and the reaction force support plate 55 , the connection between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 is made more firm and reliable, thereby improving the overall strength and stability of the connection between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 .

[0046] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6, a control assembly 6 for controlling the expansion of the four groups of support parts 54 is provided in the inner cylinder 53. Specifically, the control assembly 6 includes a fixed block 61 fixed in the inner cylinder 53, a threaded rod 62 rotatably provided on the fixed block 61, a first screw sleeve 63 threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod 62, a first hinged rod 64 hinged between the inner supporting block 541 and the first screw sleeve 63, and a second hinged rod 65 rotatably provided between the inner supporting block 541 and the fixed block 61. The middle position of the first hinged rod 64 and the middle position of the second hinged rod 65 are hinged through a central axis 66, wherein the inner wall of the inner cylinder 53 is evenly provided with tracks 531 for the expansion or contraction of the support parts 54 along the circumferential direction. It should be noted that one end of the threaded rod 62 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 61 through a bearing, and the threaded rod 62 is away from one end of the fixed block 61 It passes through the outside of the inner cylinder 53 and is fixed with a rotating handle 621. By rotating the rotating handle 621, the threaded rod 62 can be controlled to rotate. The threaded rod 62 is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 53 through a bearing, and the fixed block 61 is fixed at the center of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 53. When the threaded rod 62 rotates, the first screw sleeve 63 can be displaced along the length direction of the threaded rod 62. Under the hinged action of the first hinged rod 64 and the second hinged rod 65, the support component 54 is controlled to expand or contract. For the combination of steel pipes 3 and flanges 4 with different pipe diameters and different wall thicknesses, the positions of the inner support block 541 and the outer abutment block 542 can be adjusted to better adapt to their changes. However, when facing different working conditions, the right-angle blocks and clamps may need to frequently replace accessories of different specifications to meet the requirements, and their adaptability is poor.

[0047] A sliding groove 5411 is provided on the inner support block 541, and a slider 5412 is slidably provided in the sliding groove 5411. One end of the second hinged rod 65 is hinged to the slider 5412, wherein the other end of the second hinged rod 65 is hinged to the fixed block 61. Through the sliding cooperation of the sliding groove 5411 and the slider 5412, the extension of the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 is limited.

[0048] Further, refer to Figure 5-Figure 7, the reaction support plate 55 is integrally provided with a connecting block 56, and an oblique rod 57 is fixed on the connecting block 56. The other end of the oblique rod 57 is provided with a roller 58 through a rotating shaft. A movable groove 5413 is provided on the inner support block 541. A wedge block 59 is slidably provided in the movable groove 5413. The roller 58 slides in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. The sliding of the wedge block 59 abuts the roller 58, and the oblique rod 57 drives the connecting block 56 and the reaction support plate 55 to reversely abut the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. The oblique rod 57 provides the reaction support plate 55 with an oblique direction pointing to the steel pipe 3 and the component of force in the direction of the weld seam of flange 4. When the wedge block 59 slides, the roller 58 rotated at the other end of the inclined rod 57 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. Since the inclined rod 57 and the reaction support plate 55 are rigidly connected by the connecting block 56, the inclined rod 57 will convert the horizontal displacement of the wedge block 59 into its own push-pull force along a specific oblique direction, and then transmit this force to the reaction support plate 55, prompting it to fit closely to the weld seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 and generate a reverse abutment force. The reverse abutment force helps to resist the stress caused by the shrinkage of the weld during welding and maintain the stability of the welding area.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 An oblique guide cylinder 5414 is integrally provided in the movable groove 5413 , and the oblique rod 57 movably passes through the oblique guide cylinder 5414 . The oblique rod 57 can slide in the oblique guide cylinder 5414 , and the oblique guide cylinder 5414 plays a role in guiding and supporting the oblique rod 57 .

[0050] During the welding process, spot welding is generally performed unidirectionally from one side first. Unidirectional spot welding will cause welding stress to accumulate on that side, resulting in stress concentration, while the stress on the other side is relatively small, resulting in uneven stress distribution. Uneven stress will cause deformation of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, such as bending, twisting, warping, etc. The reverse abutment force provided by the reaction support plate 55 applies a reverse force at the weld seam, which can effectively offset the deformation trend caused by the welding stress, reduce the deformation of the weldment, and improve the quality of the weldment.

[0051] Further, refer to Figure 9 The threaded rod 62 is also provided with a second screw sleeve 67 for controlling the translation of the wedge block 59 along the length direction of the movable groove 5413. The second screw sleeve 67 is arranged on the threaded rod 62 through a threaded sleeve. A telescopic component 68 is provided between the second screw sleeve 67 and the wedge block 59. Through the rotation of the threaded rod 62, the support component 54 can control the displacement of the second screw sleeve 67 along the length direction of the threaded rod 62 while expanding. During the movement of the second screw sleeve 67, the wedge block 59 is controlled to slide through the connection of the telescopic component 68, and the roller 58 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59.

[0052] Specifically, refer to Figure 10The telescopic component 68 includes a sleeve 681 fixed on the second screw sleeve 67 and a spline rod 682 movably inserted in the sleeve 681. The spline rod 682 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge block 59. Under the telescopic cooperation of the sleeve 681 and the spline rod 682, when the support component 54 is expanded or contracted, the wedge block 59 can be expanded or contracted along with the support component 54, and the wedge block 59 will not be separated from the connection with the second screw sleeve 67.

[0053] During use, first, the controller controls the hydraulic push rod 8 to start, so that the two sets of fixing components 5 are separated from each other, and then the steel pipe 3 is placed on the V-block 2, and two flanges 4 that match the steel pipe 3 are selected, and the flanges 4 are placed against the two ends of the steel pipe 3. Then, the hydraulic push rod 8 is controlled to start again, so that the two sets of fixing components 5 are close to each other. In the process of the two sets of fixing components 5 approaching each other, the inner cylinder 53 is driven to be inserted into the two sets of flanges 4 respectively, and the inner cylinder 53 is also inserted into the inside of the two ends of the steel pipe 3. The outer abutment blocks 542 are evenly distributed on the end faces of the flanges 4. Then, by rotating the rotating handle 621, the threaded rod 6 2 rotates, and at the same time, the first screw sleeve 63 moves along the length direction of the threaded rod 62. Through the hinged cooperation of the first hinge rod 64 and the second hinge rod 65, the four groups of support components 54 distributed at equal distances along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 53 are synchronously expanded outward. At this time, the inner supporting block 541 approaches the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. Since the outer abutting block 542 is already distributed on the end face of the flange 4, when the inner supporting block 541 approaches the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, the outer abutting block 542 can also move synchronously along the end face of the flange 4, thereby increasing the contact area with the flange 4 and achieving clamping and fixing of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4.

[0054] When the threaded rod 62 rotates, the second screw sleeve 67 can also move along the length direction of the threaded rod 62 through the cooperation of the sleeve 681 and the spline rod 682, thereby causing the wedge block 59 to slide along the movable groove 5413. When the wedge block 59 slides, the roller 58 set at the other end of the inclined rod 57 moves along the inclined surface of the wedge block 59. Since the inclined rod 57 and the reaction support plate 55 are rigidly connected by the connecting block 56, the inclined rod 57 will convert the horizontal displacement of the wedge block 59 into its own push-pull force along a specific oblique direction, and then transmit this force to the reaction support plate 55, prompting it to fit closely to the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 and generate a reverse abutment force. At this time, reverse support is achieved at the welding seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. At this time, the staff can spot weld the connection seam of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 through argon arc welding, and spot weld the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 as much as possible.

[0055] Reference Figure 11, an angle adjustment assembly 7 is provided on the inner cylinder 53, and the angle adjustment assembly 7 includes a driven gear 71 fixed on the inner cylinder 53 and a driving gear 72 meshing with the driven gear 71. The driving gear 72 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 52 through a rotating shaft 73. A motor 74 is fixedly installed on the base 51. The motor 74 is electrically connected to the controller. A transmission component 75 is provided between the output end shaft of the motor 74 and the rotating shaft 73. The transmission component 75 includes a pulley and a conveyor belt. By starting the motor 74, the transmission component 75 transmits power to control the driving gear 72 to rotate with the rotating shaft 73 as the The center rotates, and then the driving gear 72 controls the driven gear 71 and the inner cylinder 53 to rotate, so that the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 rotate. This is because during the welding process, with the movement of the welding point and the change of thermal stress, the stress distribution between the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 will also change. The position of the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 can be adjusted in real time through the angle adjustment component 7, and the welding stress concentration area is given key support and reaction support, which effectively balances the welding stress, reduces weld deformation and residual stress, and ensures stable and reliable welding quality.

[0056] During use, during welding, in order to adjust the position of the reaction support plate 55 as the welding point moves, the motor 74 is started and the transmission component 75 is used to drive the driving gear 72 to rotate around the rotating shaft 73. Then, through the engagement of the driving gear 72 and the driven gear 71, the inner cylinder 53 drives the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 to rotate, so that the position of the support component 54 and the reaction support plate 55 can be adjusted in real time, and the welding stress concentration area can be given key support and reaction support.

[0057] Further, refer to Figure 12, the reaction support plate 55 is provided with multiple groups of grooves 551, and each group of grooves 551 is connected to a reverse wheel 552 through a rotating shaft. The reverse wheel 552 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. As the reaction support plate 55 is supported by the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, the reaction support plate 55 rotates along the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4. The reverse wheel 552 contacts the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, converting the original sliding friction into rolling friction. The rolling friction coefficient is much smaller than the sliding friction coefficient, thereby greatly reducing the friction between the reverse support plate and the inner wall. Friction makes the rotation smoother and reduces energy loss. Secondly, since thermal stress concentration is one of the important reasons for welding deformation, during the welding process, if the reaction support plate 55 is always in contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 on one side, the temperature of this part will be too high due to continuous heating, causing the material to produce large thermal stress, and then causing local deformation. Therefore, by rotating and turning the flipping wheel 552, each side of the flipping wheel 552 is in contact with the inner wall in turn, so that the heat can be evenly dispersed, avoiding local overheating deformation and protecting the structural integrity of the flange 4 and the steel pipe 3.

[0058] In addition, a cavity 561 is provided in the connecting block 56, and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns 562 arranged evenly in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity 561. The heat-conducting columns 562 penetrate the inner wall of the groove 551. When the side of the chamfering wheel 552 that contacts the inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 rotates to the bottom of the groove 551, the heat-conducting columns 562 can quickly transfer heat to the cavity 561, and dissipate heat by taking away the heat of the chamfering wheel 552, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the welding area, avoiding local overheating, and reducing the generation and accumulation of thermal stress. It should be noted that the heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved by adding coolant in the cavity 561.

[0059] During use, since the flipping wheel 552 is in sliding contact with the inner walls of the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4, when the reaction support plate 55 rotates under the control of the angle adjustment component 7, the flipping wheel 552 can rotate and flip over, so that each surface of the flipping wheel 552 contacts the inner wall in turn. When the contact surface between the flipping wheel 552 and the steel pipe 3 and the flange 4 flips to the bottom of the groove 551, the heat of the flipping wheel 552 can be transferred to the cavity 561 through the heat conducting column 562, thereby realizing heat dissipation of the flipping wheel 552.

[0060] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for preventing stress deformation of a component, comprising an operating platform, V-shaped blocks symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a steel pipe placed on the V-shaped blocks, and flanges arranged at both ends of the steel pipe, characterized in that: The operating platform is also symmetrically provided with fixing components for welding and fixing the steel pipes and flanges; The fixing assembly includes a base symmetrically arranged on the operating platform, a vertical plate fixed to the base, an inner cylinder rotatably arranged on the vertical plate, and four groups of supporting components equidistantly distributed along the circumference of the inner cylinder; Each group of support components includes an inner support block and an outer abutment block integrally provided with the inner support block. The inner support blocks are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the end portion where the steel pipe and the flange are in contact. The outer abutment blocks are evenly distributed on the end surface of the flange and are used to make the flange close to the two ends of the steel pipe. The inner support block is also provided with a reaction force support plate for reversely abutting the weld seam between the steel pipe and the flange. A control assembly for controlling the deployment of the four groups of support components is provided in the inner cylinder, the control assembly comprising a fixed block fixed in the inner cylinder, a threaded rod rotatably provided on the fixed block, a first screw sleeve threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod, a first hinged rod hinged between the inner support block and the first screw sleeve, and a second hinged rod rotatably provided between the inner support block and the fixed block, wherein the middle position of the first hinged rod and the middle position of the second hinged rod are hinged via a central axis; The reaction support plate is integrally provided with a connecting block, an oblique rod is fixed on the connecting block, a roller is rotatably provided at the other end of the oblique rod, a movable groove is provided on the inner support block, a wedge block is slidably provided in the movable groove, and the roller is in sliding contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block; The threaded rod is further provided with a second screw sleeve for controlling the translation of the wedge block along the length direction of the movable groove. The second screw sleeve is arranged on the threaded rod through a thread sleeve, and a telescopic component is provided between the second screw sleeve and the wedge block. The inner cylinder is provided with an angle adjustment assembly, which includes a driven gear fixed on the inner cylinder and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear. The driving gear is rotatably connected to the vertical plate through a rotating shaft. A motor is fixedly mounted on the base, and a transmission component is provided between the output end shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft.

2. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic component includes a sleeve fixed on the second nut and a spline rod movably inserted in the sleeve, and the spline rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding wedge blocks respectively.

3. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on the inner supporting block, a sliding block is slidably provided in the sliding groove, and one end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the sliding block.

4. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oblique guide cylinder is integrally provided in the movable groove, and the oblique rod movably passes through the oblique guide cylinder.

5. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction support plate is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of the grooves being rotatably connected to a counter-rolling wheel via a rotating shaft, and the counter-rolling wheel is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe and the flange.

6. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity is provided in the connecting block, and a plurality of groups of heat-conducting columns that are evenly arranged in a vertical shape are fixed in the cavity, and the heat-conducting columns penetrate the inner wall of the groove.

7. The welding and fixing device for preventing stress deformation of a component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating platform is also symmetrically provided with hydraulic push rods, the output ends of the hydraulic push rods are respectively fixed to the corresponding bases, and the operating platform is also symmetrically provided with guide rails for guiding the bases.

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