A method for dismantling and transporting a hydraulic cylinder used for a shield machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for dismantling and transporting a propulsion hydraulic cylinder of a shell-discarding shield machine. A dismantling and transporting device is used to dismantle and transport the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The dismantling and transporting device includes a transport vehicle, a disassembly and assembly structure, and a placement structure. The transport vehicle is arranged on a track and runs along the track. The placement structure is arranged on the transport vehicle and is used to place the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The disassembly and assembly structure is arranged on the placement structure. The disassembly and assembly structure is used to take, place, and disassemble the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. During dismantling, the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder is first used to stabilize the dismantling and transporting device to ensure the stability of the overall state. After the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder is removed, the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is used to stabilize the dismantling and transporting device to ensure the stability of the dismantling and transporting device, and the removal of the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder is not affected, thereby effectively reducing the structural complexity of the dismantling and transporting device and greatly improving the construction convenience and construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, and in particular to a method for dismantling and transporting a hydraulic cylinder used for propelling a shell-discarding shield machine. Background Art

[0002] With the development of shield construction technology, "dismantling of abandoned shells in the tunnel" is becoming more and more common in shield construction. When performing "dismantling of abandoned shells in the tunnel", the removal of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is a relatively important process. In the prior art, the removal of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is mostly carried out in the manner of CN111775099A and CN105108468B. In addition, since the existing propulsion hydraulic cylinder is dismantled by a translational pulling and dismantling method, the removal of the hydraulic cylinder has the problems of cumbersome operation and low efficiency. CN119244256A discloses the installation of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder using an assembled bearing structure, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder no longer needs to be dismantled by a translational pulling and dismantling method. However, the removal of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder still has the defects of lacking corresponding dismantling equipment and dismantling methods, so that the removal of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder still has the defects of long dismantling period, complicated procedures and complicated operations. The present invention provides a dismantling and transportation method for the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of a shell-abandoned shield machine to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a dismantling and transportation method for a propulsion hydraulic cylinder of a shell-discarding shield machine, wherein a dismantling and transportation device is used to dismantle the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, thereby greatly improving the dismantling efficiency of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0005] A method for dismantling and transporting a propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder of a shell-discarding shield machine, wherein a dismantling and transporting device is used to dismantle and transport the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein the dismantling and transporting device comprises a transport vehicle, a disassembling structure and a placing structure, wherein the transport vehicle is arranged on a track and runs along the track, wherein the placing structure is arranged on the transport vehicle and used to place the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein the disassembling structure is arranged on the placing structure and used to take, place and disassemble the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder;

[0006] The disassembly and assembly structure comprises a disassembly and assembly rod and a disassembly and assembly assembly, wherein the disassembly and assembly rod is arranged on the placement structure, the disassembly and assembly rod rotates around an axis and moves forward and backward along its axis on the placement structure, and the disassembly and assembly assembly is arranged on the disassembly and assembly rod;

[0007] The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a shield machine for discarding a shell comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, component prefabrication: manufacture the disassembly and assembly structure and the placement structure according to the drawings, pre-install the disassembly and assembly structure and the placement structure on the transport vehicle, complete the installation of the disassembly and transportation device, and control the disassembly and transportation device to be in a standby state;

[0009] S2, lowering the device into the well: hoisting the dismantling and transporting device in the standby state into the well and placing it on the walking track. After the components on the outer side of the abandoned shell shield machine are dismantled, the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the position below the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of the abandoned shell shield machine;

[0010] S3, device in place: the dismantling and transporting device continues to move, and the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder is inserted into the placement structure, and the dismantling and transporting device is kept stable by using the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located in the placement structure; the dismantling and assembly moving rod is controlled to translate and rotate around the axis on the placement structure, and the position and direction of the dismantling and assembly components are adjusted, so that the dismantling and assembly components are aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located on the upper side;

[0011] S4, dismantling of the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the disassembly assembly to make it stuck on the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled, keeping the disassembly assembly in a stable state and locking it, and then dismantling the connection between the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled and the main machine of the shield machine and the movable part of the bearing partition, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder falls on the disassembly assembly;

[0012] S5, upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder placement: control the assembly and disassembly action to place the disassembled propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the placement structure;

[0013] S6, repeat the operation: according to the operation of S4-S5, remove all the propulsion hydraulic cylinders on the upper part of the abandoned shell shield machine and place them on the placement structure. When removing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, remove them in a top-down and left-right symmetrical order. When placing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, place them in a bottom-up and left-right symmetrical order.

[0014] S7, device movement: control the dismantling and transporting device to move backward, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shell-discarding shield machine is separated from the placement structure, so that the dismantling and transporting device moves out of the range of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder;

[0015] S8, dismantling and placing the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the dismantling moving rod to translate on the placement structure so that the dismantling assembly is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located at the lower side, and then controlling the dismantling moving rod to rotate on the placement structure, adjusting the orientation of the dismantling assembly so that the dismantling assembly is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located at the lower side, and dismantling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the lower part of the abandoned shell shield machine according to the operation of S4; controlling the dismantling moving rod to translate, driving the dismantling assembly and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder thereon to move together, so that the dismantling assembly is aligned with the placement structure, and placing the dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the placement structure according to the operation of S5;

[0016] S9, repeat the operation: according to the operation of S8, all the thrust hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the abandoned shell shield machine are removed and placed on the placement structure;

[0017] S10, hoisting out the device: the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the wellhead, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder and the dismantling and transporting device are hoisted out through the working well to complete the dismantling of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly assembly includes a first disassembly and assembly arm, a second disassembly and assembly arm, a third disassembly and assembly arm and a disassembly and assembly clamp, the inner end of the first disassembly and assembly arm is fixedly connected to the disassembly and assembly moving rod, the inner end of the second disassembly and assembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the first disassembly and assembly arm, the inner end of the third disassembly and assembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the second disassembly and assembly arm, and the disassembly and assembly clamp is movably connected to the outer end of the third disassembly and assembly arm.

[0019] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly components are arranged in groups at the front end of the disassembly and assembly moving rod, and each group of two disassembly and assembly components moves synchronously.

[0020] Furthermore, the placement structure includes placement components arranged in groups, the placement components are arranged on a transport vehicle, the placement components include a placement rack and a mounting rack, the placement rack and the mounting rack are arranged in pairs, the two placement racks are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, the mounting rack is arranged at the top of the placement rack, and the disassembly and assembly moving rod is arranged on the mounting rack.

[0021] Furthermore, placement slots are arranged at intervals on the placement rack.

[0022] Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly clamp is a mechanical claw.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] When using the dismantling and transportation device to dismantle the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, there is no need to use the translation and pulling method. The assembled bearing structure of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder can be used to realize the rapid dismantling of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, which greatly improves the dismantling efficiency and construction safety of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0025] During dismantling, first use the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder to stabilize the dismantling and transportation device to ensure the stability of the overall state. After removing the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder, use the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to stabilize the dismantling and transportation device to ensure the stability of the dismantling and transportation device without affecting the dismantling of the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder, effectively reducing the structural complexity of the dismantling and transportation device and greatly improving the construction convenience and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a side view schematic diagram of the construction state of dismantling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the upper part of the shield machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2It is a front view schematic diagram of the construction state of dismantling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the upper part of the shield machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the construction state of dismantling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shield machine of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1, transport vehicle; 2, disassembly and assembly structure; 21, disassembly and assembly moving rod; 22, disassembly and assembly component; 3, placement structure; 31, placement rack; 32, installation rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, a disassembly and transportation method for a propulsion hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shell shield machine is used, wherein a disassembly and transportation device is used to disassemble and transport the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The disassembly and transportation device includes a transport vehicle 1, a disassembly structure 2 and a placement structure 3. The transport vehicle 1 is set on a track and runs along the track to transfer the transport vehicle 1 to a construction site. The placement structure 3 is set on the transport vehicle 1 and is used to place the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The disassembly structure 2 is set on the placement structure 3. The disassembly structure 2 is used to take and place the propulsion hydraulic cylinder from the placement structure 3 and disassemble and assemble the propulsion hydraulic cylinder from the discarded shell shield machine.

[0035] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 3, the construction principle of the present invention is as follows: the disassembly and transportation device is moved to the construction site by the transport vehicle 1, and the disassembly and assembly of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is realized by the forward and backward movement of the transport vehicle 1. The placement structure 3 is arranged on the transport vehicle 1, and is used to store the disassembled propulsion hydraulic cylinder, and also serves as the installation basis of the disassembly and assembly structure 2. The disassembly and assembly structure 2 includes a disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 and a disassembly and assembly component 22. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 is movably arranged on the placement structure 3, and can rotate around the axis and move forward and backward along the axis. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 makes way by moving forward and backward along the axis. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 controls the direction of the disassembly and assembly component 22 by rotating around the axis, so as to facilitate the alignment of the disassembly and assembly component 22 with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The disassembly and assembly component 22 is fixedly arranged on the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21, and moves with the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 to realize the disassembly of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. When disassembling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, first use the propulsion hydraulic cylinder fixed at the bottom of the shield machine to align with the placement structure 3, and use the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to limit the placement structure 3, so that the entire disassembly and transportation device remains stable. At this time, the entire disassembly and transportation device is located within the range of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of the shield machine, and then use the disassembly and assembly component 22 to dismantle the propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the upper part of the shield machine. The dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder is placed on the placement structure 3 as a counterweight. After the propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the upper part of the shield machine is dismantled, the disassembly and transportation device is moved backward to remove the disassembly and transportation device from the range of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of the shield machine. At this time, the dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder can maintain the stability of the disassembly and transportation device as a counterweight, and then control the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 to move forward and backward, driving the disassembly and assembly component 22 thereon to move, so that the disassembly and assembly component 22 is still aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the shield machine, and then the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shield machine can be dismantled, thereby realizing the dismantling of all propulsion hydraulic cylinders on the shield machine.

[0036] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the disassembly and assembly structure 2 includes a disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 and a disassembly and assembly component 22. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 is movably arranged on the placement structure 3. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 can rotate around its axis and move forward and backward along its axis on the placement structure 3. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 serves as the installation base of the disassembly and assembly component 22, and controls the alignment of the disassembly and assembly component 22 with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The disassembly and assembly component 22 is arranged on the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21, and is used for disassembly and assembly and placement of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0037] like Figure 4 , 5As shown, further, the disassembly and assembly components 22 are arranged in groups at the front part of the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21, and each group is provided with two disassembly and assembly components 22, and the two disassembly and assembly components 22 act synchronously to realize the disassembly and assembly of the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder. During the disassembly and assembly operation, the two disassembly and assembly components 22 are respectively clamped at the front and rear ends of the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder to support the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder and maintain the stability of the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder, and then the bearing structure of the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder is removed, so that the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder falls on the disassembly and assembly components 22, and then the disassembly and assembly components 22 act to transfer the propulsion hydraulic oil cylinder to the placement structure 3.

[0038] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, further, the disassembly and assembly component 22 includes a first disassembly and assembly arm, a second disassembly and assembly arm, a third disassembly and assembly arm and a disassembly and assembly clamp, the inner end of the first disassembly and assembly arm is fixedly connected to the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21, the inner end of the second disassembly and assembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the first disassembly and assembly arm, so that the second disassembly and assembly arm and the third disassembly and assembly arm can rotate relative to each other, the inner end of the third disassembly and assembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the second disassembly and assembly arm, so that the second disassembly and assembly arm can rotate relative to each other, the first disassembly and assembly arm and the second disassembly and assembly arm and the third disassembly and assembly arm are all movably connected, and the angle and position are adjusted by relative movement to realize the transfer of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, and the disassembly and assembly clamp is movably connected to the outer end of the third disassembly and assembly arm, and is used to clamp and fix the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0039] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, further, the placement structure 3 includes placement components arranged in groups, and the placement components are arranged on the transport vehicle 1 with front and rear intervals. The placement components include a placement frame 31 and a mounting frame 32. The placement frames 31 and mounting frames 32 in the placement components are arranged in pairs, and each placement component includes two placement frames 31 and two mounting frames 32. The placement frames 31 and the mounting frames 32 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The two placement frames 31 are symmetrically arranged on the transport vehicle 1, and the mounting frames 32 are correspondingly arranged at the top of the placement frames 31. The tops of the two mounting frames 32 are connected to each other to realize the installation of the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 and support the disassembly and assembly moving rod 21. The disassembly and assembly moving rod 21 is movably arranged at the top of the mounting frame 32.

[0040] Furthermore, the placement rack 31 is provided with placement slots for placing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders at intervals. Some of the placement slots on the placement rack 31 correspond to the propulsion hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the shield machine. When the dismantling and transporting device moves forward and backward, the propulsion hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the shield machine can align with the placement slots and get stuck in them, thereby limiting and stabilizing the entire dismantling and transporting device.

[0041] Furthermore, the assembly and disassembly clamp is a mechanical claw, and the opening and closing of the assembly and disassembly clamp is achieved through control.

[0042] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in 3, a method for dismantling and transporting a hydraulic cylinder for a shield machine with a discarded shell includes the following steps:

[0043] S1, component prefabrication: manufacture the disassembly and assembly structure 2 and the placement structure 3 according to the drawings, and pre-install the disassembly and assembly structure 2 and the placement structure 3 on the transport vehicle 1, complete the installation of the disassembly and transportation device, and control the disassembly and transportation device to be in a standby state;

[0044] S2, lowering the device into the well: hoisting the dismantling and transporting device in the standby state into the well and placing it on the walking track. After the components on the outer side of the abandoned shell shield machine are dismantled, the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the position below the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of the abandoned shell shield machine;

[0045] S3, device in place: the dismantling and transporting device continues to move, the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shell-discarding shield machine is aligned with the placement structure 3 and inserted into the placement slot of the placement structure 3, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located in the placement structure 3 is used to maintain the stability of the entire dismantling and transporting device; then the dismantling and assembly moving rod 21 is controlled to translate and rotate around the axis on the placement structure 3, and the position and direction of the dismantling and assembly component 22 are adjusted, so that the dismantling and assembly component 22 is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located on the upper side;

[0046] S4, dismantling of the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the disassembly assembly 22 to move so that it is stuck on the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled, keeping the disassembly assembly 22 in a stable state and locked, and then dismantling the connection between the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled and the main machine of the shield machine and the movable part of the bearing partition, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder falls on the disassembly assembly 22;

[0047] S5, placing the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the disassembly assembly 22 to place the disassembled propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the placement structure 3;

[0048] S6, repeat the operation: according to the operation of S4-S5, all the propulsion hydraulic cylinders on the upper part of the abandoned shell shield machine are removed and placed on the placement structure 3. When removing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, they are removed in a top-down and left-right symmetrical order. When placing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, they are placed in a bottom-up and left-right symmetrical order, so that the removed propulsion hydraulic cylinders serve as the counterweight of the dismantling and transportation device to keep the dismantling and transportation device stable in the subsequent dismantling operation;

[0049] S7, device movement: control the dismantling and transporting device to retreat, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shell-discarding shield machine is out of the placement structure 3, so that the dismantling and transporting device is moved out of the range of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the entire dismantling and transporting device is kept stable by the dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder, and then the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder is dismantled and placed;

[0050] S8, dismantling and placing the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder: control the dismantling moving rod 21 to move forward on the placement structure 3, so that the dismantling assembly 22 is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located on the lower side, and then control the dismantling moving rod 21 to rotate on the placement structure 3, adjust the direction of the dismantling assembly 22, so that the dismantling assembly 22 is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located on the lower side, and remove the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the lower part of the shell-discarding shield machine according to the operation of S4; control the dismantling moving rod 21 to move backward, drive the dismantling assembly 22 and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder thereon to move together, so that the dismantling assembly 22 and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder thereon are aligned with the placement structure 3, and then place the dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the placement structure 3 according to the operation of S5;

[0051] S9, repeat the operation: according to the operation of S8, all the thrust hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the abandoned shell shield machine are removed and placed on the placement structure 3;

[0052] S10, hoisting out the device: the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the wellhead, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder and the dismantling and transporting device are hoisted out through the working well to complete the dismantling of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

[0053] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A method for dismantling and transporting a hydraulic cylinder for a discarded shield machine, characterized in that: The propulsion hydraulic cylinder is dismantled and transported by using a dismantling and transporting device, the dismantling and transporting device comprising a transport vehicle (1), a dismantling and assembly structure (2) and a placement structure (3), the transport vehicle (1) being arranged on a track and running along the track, the placement structure (3) being arranged on the transport vehicle (1) and being used for placing the propulsion hydraulic cylinder, the dismantling and assembly structure (2) being arranged on the placement structure (3), and the dismantling and assembly structure (2) being used for taking, placing and dismantling the propulsion hydraulic cylinder; The assembly and disassembly structure (2) comprises an assembly and disassembly moving rod (21) and an assembly and disassembly assembly (22); the assembly and disassembly moving rod (21) is arranged on the placement structure (3); the assembly and disassembly moving rod (21) rotates about its axis and moves forward and backward along its axis on the placement structure (3); and the assembly and disassembly assembly (22) is arranged on the assembly and disassembly moving rod (21); The dismantling and transportation method of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder includes the following steps: S1, component prefabrication: manufacturing the disassembly and assembly structure (2) and the placement structure (3) according to the drawings, and pre-installing the disassembly and assembly structure (2) and the placement structure (3) on the transport vehicle (1), completing the installation of the disassembly and transportation device, and controlling the disassembly and transportation device to be in a standby state; S2, lowering the device into the well: hoisting the dismantling and transporting device in the standby state into the well and placing it on the walking track. After the components on the outer side of the abandoned shell shield machine are dismantled, the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the position below the propulsion hydraulic cylinder of the abandoned shell shield machine; S3, the device is in place: the dismantling and transporting device continues to move, and the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder is inserted into the placement structure (3), and the stability of the dismantling and transporting device is maintained by using the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located in the placement structure (3); the dismantling and assembly moving rod (21) is controlled to translate and rotate around the axis on the placement structure (3), and the position and orientation of the dismantling and assembly component (22) are adjusted so that the dismantling and assembly component (22) is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located on the upper side; S4, dismantling the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the movement of the disassembly assembly (22) so that it is stuck on the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled, keeping the disassembly assembly (22) in a stable state and locked, and then dismantling the connection between the propulsion hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled and the shield machine mainframe and the movable part of the bearing partition, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder falls on the disassembly assembly (22); S5, placing the upper propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the disassembly assembly (22) to place the disassembled propulsion hydraulic cylinder on the placement structure (3); S6, repeat the operation: according to the operations of S4-S5, all the propulsion hydraulic cylinders on the upper part of the abandoned shell shield machine are removed and placed on the placement structure (3). When removing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, they are removed in a top-down and left-right symmetrical order. When placing the propulsion hydraulic cylinders, they are placed in a bottom-up and left-right symmetrical order. S7, device movement: control the dismantling and transporting device to move backward, so that the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the shell-discarding shield machine is separated from the placement structure (3), so that the dismantling and transporting device moves out of the range of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder; S8, dismantling and placing the lower propulsion hydraulic cylinder: controlling the dismantling moving rod (21) to translate on the placement structure (3) so that the dismantling assembly (22) is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located at the lower side, and then controlling the dismantling moving rod (21) to rotate on the placement structure (3) to adjust the orientation of the dismantling assembly (22) so that the dismantling assembly (22) is aligned with the propulsion hydraulic cylinder located at the lower side, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder at the lower part of the shell-discarding shield machine is dismantled according to the operation of S4; controlling the dismantling moving rod (21) to translate, driving the dismantling assembly (22) and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder thereon to move together, so that the dismantling assembly (22) is aligned with the placement structure (3), and the dismantled propulsion hydraulic cylinder is placed on the placement structure (3) according to the operation of S5; S9, repeat the operation: according to the operation of S8, all the thrust hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the abandoned shell shield machine are removed and placed on the placement structure (3); S10, device hoisting out: the dismantling and transporting device is moved to the wellhead, and the propulsion hydraulic cylinder and the dismantling and transporting device are hoisted out through the working well to complete the dismantling of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder.

2. The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shield machine according to claim 1 is characterized by: The disassembly assembly (22) comprises a first disassembly arm, a second disassembly arm, a third disassembly arm and a disassembly clamp, wherein the inner end of the first disassembly arm is fixedly connected to the disassembly moving rod (21), the inner end of the second disassembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the first disassembly arm, the inner end of the third disassembly arm is movably connected to the outer end of the second disassembly arm, and the disassembly clamp is movably connected to the outer end of the third disassembly arm.

3. The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shield machine according to claim 1 is characterized by: The disassembly and assembly components (22) are arranged in groups at the front of the disassembly and assembly moving rod (21), and each group of two disassembly and assembly components (22) moves synchronously.

4. The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The placement structure (3) comprises a placement component arranged in groups, the placement component being arranged on the transport vehicle (1), the placement component comprising a placement frame (31) and a mounting frame (32), the placement frame (31) and the mounting frame (32) being arranged in pairs, the two placement frames (31) being arranged symmetrically, the mounting frame (32) being arranged at the top of the placement frame (31), and the disassembly and assembly moving rod (21) being arranged on the mounting frame (32).

5. The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shield machine according to claim 4 is characterized by: The placement rack (31) is provided with placement grooves at intervals.

6. The method for dismantling and transporting the hydraulic cylinder of a discarded shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly clamp is a mechanical claw.

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