Ultrasonic-assisted machining tool and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted machining tool and a machining method.The ultrasonic-assisted machining tool comprises a tool body, a first driving mechanism, a machining assembly and an ultrasonic assembly, and the first driving mechanism is arranged on the tool body; the first driving mechanism comprises a first driving assembly capable of feeding in the first direction. The machining assembly is arranged at the movable end of the first driving assembly and comprises a main shaft and a cutter, and the main shaft is used for driving the cutter to rotate; the ultrasonic assembly comprises an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic generator is arranged on the first driving assembly, the ultrasonic receiver is arranged at the movable end of the first driving assembly, and the ultrasonic receiver is used for receiving signals sent by the ultrasonic generator and driving the tool to vibrate in the first direction; according to the ultrasonic-assisted processing machine tool, the processing quality, the processing efficiency and the yield of processed finished products of the brittle and hard materials can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to an ultrasonic assisted processing machine tool and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] Among the brittle and hard materials, glass-ceramics are widely used in optical guidance parts because of their excellent optical properties, low expansion coefficient, electrical insulation and high temperature resistance. The main processing features of optical guidance parts are deep holes with large aspect ratios and external surfaces. The processing dimensional accuracy of the parts is high, and the surface effect is required to be smooth, free of microcracks and edge collapse.

[0003] Traditionally, grinding is often used in the processing of brittle and hard materials, and a corresponding cooling and filtering cutting fluid circulation system is used. Due to its brittle and hard properties, its processing technology is poor, and brittle microcracks and edge collapse are prone to occur, which directly affects the final processing quality of the parts and thus reduces the processing yield. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool and a machining method. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool can effectively improve the machining quality, machining efficiency and finished product yield of brittle and hard materials.

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool, comprising: a bed; a first drive mechanism, arranged on the bed, the first drive mechanism comprising a first drive component that can feed along a first direction; a machining component, arranged at the active end of the first drive component, the machining component comprising a spindle and a tool, the spindle being used to drive the tool to rotate; an ultrasonic component, comprising an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic receiver, the ultrasonic generator being arranged on the first drive component, the ultrasonic receiver being arranged at the active end of the first drive component, the ultrasonic receiver being used to receive a signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator and drive the tool to vibrate along the first direction.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the tool includes a first tool, a secondary edge is provided on the tool handle of the first tool, a gap is left between the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver and the secondary edge of the first tool, and the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver electromagnetically excites the secondary edge of the first tool to make the first tool vibrate.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the tool further includes a second tool, and the distance between the machining end of the second tool and the movable end of the spindle is equal to the distance between the machining end of the first tool and the movable end of the spindle.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first drive mechanism also includes a second drive component that can move along a second direction, and the first drive component is arranged at the movable end of the second drive component. The ultrasonic-assisted machining machine also includes a tool changing device, and the tool changing device includes a tool magazine assembly and a tool changing mechanism. A plurality of groups of tools are arranged on the tool magazine assembly, and the tool changing mechanism is arranged between the tool magazine assembly and the machining assembly, and is used to replace the tools of the tool magazine assembly and the movable end of the spindle; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first drive mechanism also includes a column arranged on the bed, the second drive assembly is arranged on the column, and the ultrasonic assisted machining machine also includes a tool setting device arranged on the column, the tool setting device can move along a third direction for calibrating the tool at the movable end of the spindle, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a hollow channel is provided in the tool along its axial direction, and the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine further includes a circulating filter device, which is used to provide filtered coolant into the hollow channel of the tool.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool further includes a positioning device disposed on the bed, the positioning device being located below the machining component and being used to position the workpiece to be machined.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool further includes a dresser disposed on the positioning device, and the dresser dresses the tool on the movable end of the spindle.

[0013] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a processing method for the above-mentioned ultrasonic assisted processing machine tool, and the processing method includes the following steps: Step 1: The ultrasonic component drives the tool to vibrate along a first direction; Step 2: The first driving component of the first driving mechanism feeds the tool along the first direction, drives the tool to rotate through the spindle, and processes the workpiece to be processed.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the tool includes a first tool, a secondary edge is provided on the handle of the first tool, and the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver abuts against the secondary edge of the first tool to drive the first tool to vibrate; the processing method also includes: step three: determine whether the tool is the first tool, if so, proceed to step one; if not, proceed directly to step two.

[0015] The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool and machining method provided by the present invention receive the signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator through an ultrasonic receiver, and form high-frequency vibration along a first direction, and the high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the tool, so that the tool generates sinusoidal ultrasonic vibration along the axial direction. During the machining process, the cutting speed and the cutting depth will produce sinusoidal periodic changes. The previous continuous machining is changed to intermittent machining, which can better reduce the cutting force, reduce or even avoid the brittle microcracks and edge collapse of brittle and hard materials during the machining process, and effectively improve the machining quality, machining efficiency and finished product yield of brittle and hard materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ultrasonic generator provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a processing component provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a processing component and an ultrasonic component provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tool changing mechanism, a first tool and a second tool provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tool setting device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a tool magazine assembly, a first tool and a second tool provided by the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a processing assembly provided by the present invention processing a workpiece to be processed.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of ultrasonic assisted machining provided by the present invention.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of another principle of ultrasonic assisted machining provided by the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 The invention provides a flowchart of a processing method of an ultrasonic-assisted processing machine tool.

[0029] Reference numerals: Z, first direction; X, second direction; Y, third direction; 1. Bed; 2. first driving mechanism; 21. first driving assembly; 211. first guide rail; 212. first slide plate; 213. first driving member; 22. second driving assembly; 221. second guide rail; 222. second slide plate; 223. second driving member; 23. column; 24. crossbeam; 3. Processing assembly; 31. Spindle; 32. Tool; 321. First tool; 322. Second tool; 323. Hollow channel; 4. Ultrasonic component; 41. Ultrasonic generator; 42. Ultrasonic receiver; 5. Tool changing device; 51. Tool magazine assembly; 52. Tool changing mechanism; 6. Tool setting device; 61. Fixed plate; 62. Guide rail; 63. Moving plate; 64. Tool setting instrument; 7. Circulation filtration device; 8. Positioning device; 81. Support seat; 82. Rotating structure; 83. Swing arm; 84. Rotating mechanism; 85. Workbench; 86. Second driving mechanism; 87. Clamp; 9. Dresser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 11An ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention is described, comprising: a bed 1; a first drive mechanism 2, which is arranged on the bed 1, and the first drive mechanism 2 includes a first drive component 21 that can feed along a first direction Z; a machining component 3, which is arranged at the active end of the first drive component 21, and the machining component 3 includes a spindle 31 and a tool 32, and the spindle 31 is used to drive the tool 32 to rotate; an ultrasonic component 4, which includes an ultrasonic generator 41 and an ultrasonic receiver 42, the ultrasonic generator 41 is arranged on the first drive component 21, and the ultrasonic receiver 42 is arranged at the active end of the first drive component 21, and the ultrasonic receiver 42 is used to receive a signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator 41, and drive the tool 32 to vibrate along the first direction Z.

[0032] In the present invention, the signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator 41 is received by the ultrasonic receiver 42, and a high-frequency vibration is formed along the first direction Z. The high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the tool 32, so that the tool 32 generates sinusoidal ultrasonic vibration along the axial direction. During the processing, the cutting speed and the cutting depth will produce sinusoidal periodic changes. Changing the previous continuous processing to intermittent processing can better reduce the cutting force, reduce or even avoid the brittle microcracks and edge collapse of brittle and hard materials during the processing, and effectively improve the processing quality, processing efficiency and processing yield of brittle and hard materials.

[0033] Specifically, by setting the first drive mechanism 2 on the bed 1 and equipping it with a special ultrasonic component 4, efficient and precise processing of brittle and hard materials is achieved. Specifically, the design fixes the ultrasonic generator 41 on the first drive component 21, and the ultrasonic receiver 42 is directly installed on the end face of the spindle 31 in the form of a wireless transmission transformer primary. This separate design breaks through the technical bottleneck in traditional ultrasonic processing: first, the traditional piezoelectric ceramic vibrator needs to be connected by wires, which is prone to breakage during the high-speed rotation of the spindle 31, seriously affecting the processing reliability; while the present invention adopts an electromagnetically excited wireless transmission method, which completely avoids this problem and significantly improves reliability. Secondly, the ultrasonic generator 41 of the present invention can generate a high-frequency signal with a frequency of up to 16-40kHz, which is transmitted to the ultrasonic receiver 42 by electromagnetic induction, so that the tool 32 produces an axial displacement of 2-15 microns. This high-frequency micro-vibration transforms the traditional continuous cutting into an intermittent cutting mode. Experiments have shown that when processing brittle and hard materials such as microcrystalline glass, the cutting force can be reduced by more than 30%, and the processing surface quality can be improved by 40%, which is particularly suitable for the precision processing of optical parts.

[0034] In some embodiments, the tool 32 includes a first tool 321, a secondary edge is provided on the handle of the first tool 321, a gap is left between the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver 42 and the secondary edge of the first tool 321, and the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver 42 electromagnetically excites the secondary edge of the first tool 321 to make the first tool 321 vibrate.

[0035] In the present invention, under the action of the ultrasonic generator 41, wireless transmission is utilized so that the primary side of the ultrasonic receiver 42 electromagnetically excites the secondary side of the first tool 321, thereby causing the first tool 321 to generate axial sinusoidal ultrasonic vibrations, thereby changing continuous processing into ultrasonic-assisted intermittent processing, thereby better reducing cutting force and increasing tool life.

[0036] Specifically, electromagnetic coils are respectively arranged on the primary side of the ultrasonic receiver 42 and the secondary side of the first tool 321, so that the primary side can drive the secondary side and the first tool 321 to vibrate in the axial direction through electromagnetic excitation. The axial clearance between the secondary side of the first tool 321 and the primary side of the ultrasonic receiver 42 is 0.3mm-0.5mm, which ensures that the first tool 321 can be driven to vibrate in the axial direction at a high frequency, and maintains a certain safety distance from the secondary side of the first tool 321, so as not to affect the vibration of the first tool 321.

[0037] Optionally, the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver 42 can also abut against the secondary edge of the first tool 321, and the vibration generated by the ultrasonic receiver 42 is transmitted to the first tool 321 by abutting, and a special secondary edge structure is designed on the handle of the first tool 321 to form a precise abutment with the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver 42. This design has multiple technical advantages: first, the secondary edge is made of titanium alloy material with excellent vibration transmission characteristics, and after a special heat treatment process, its vibration transmission efficiency is increased by more than 40% compared with traditional materials. Secondly, the contact surface between the secondary edge and the primary edge is precisely ground, and the surface roughness is controlled within Ra0.4μm, ensuring a stable vibration transmission effect. In practical applications, this structure can maintain stable vibration transmission under high-speed rotation conditions of more than 5000rpm, and the service life is increased by 50% compared with traditional mechanical connection methods. More importantly, this design realizes the directional transmission of vibration energy, avoids energy loss and stray vibration, and thus ensures stability and controllability during processing.

[0038] In some embodiments, the tool 32 further includes a second tool 322 , and the distance between the processing end of the second tool 322 and the movable end of the spindle 31 is equal to the distance between the processing end of the first tool 321 and the movable end of the spindle 31 .

[0039] In the present invention, through precise modular design, it is ensured that the distance from the processing end of the second tool 322 to the processing end of the first tool 321 to the active end of the first drive assembly 21 is strictly equal. The realization of this design relies on high-precision manufacturing technology: all tools 32 are precision ground, the key dimension tolerance is controlled within ±0.01mm, and 100% inspection is carried out by a three-coordinate measuring machine. This design realizes seamless switching between ultrasonic machining and conventional machining without the need to readjust machine tool parameters, which significantly improves machining efficiency. After adopting this design, the tool change time is shortened by more than 50%, and the equipment utilization rate is increased by 30%. In addition, this standardized design also simplifies the tool 32 management process and reduces the skill requirements of operators.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first drive mechanism 2 also includes a second drive component 22 that can move along the second direction X, the first drive component 21 is arranged at the movable end of the second drive component 22, and the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool also includes a tool changing device 5, the tool changing device 5 includes a tool magazine component 51 and a tool changing mechanism 52, and multiple groups of tools 32 are arranged on the tool magazine component 51. The tool changing mechanism 52 is arranged between the tool magazine component 51 and the first drive component 21, and is used to replace the tool magazine component 51 and the tool 32 at the movable end of the spindle 31; wherein the first direction Z is perpendicular to the second direction X.

[0041] In the present invention, a tool changing device 5 is provided, and the tool changing device 5 includes a tool magazine assembly 51 and a tool changing mechanism 52. The tool magazine assembly 51 includes a rotatable circulating belt, and a tool position for fixing the tool 32 is provided on the circulating belt. The tool 32 is fixed by the tool position, and multiple tools 32 of different specifications can be accommodated at the same time. Each tool position is equipped with a high-precision sensing device, which can monitor the status of the tool 32 in real time. The tool magazine assembly 51 realizes the preparation of the target tool 32 by rotating itself, and the tool changing mechanism 52 moves along the second direction X to grab the target tool 32, which is used for the replacement of the tool 32 on the spindle 31. The single tool change time does not exceed 8 seconds, which improves the efficiency by 100% compared with the traditional tool changing system. It is particularly worth mentioning that the vertical design of the first direction Z and the second direction X not only optimizes the spatial layout, but also significantly improves the rigidity of the whole machine. The measured data shows that under the maximum feed force, the structural deformation is less than 0.005mm, which is far better than the level of similar products.

[0042] Specifically, the second drive component 22 can move along the second direction X, which is the left and right direction. The first drive component 21 is arranged at the movable end of the second drive component 22. The first drive component 21 can feed along the first direction Z, which is the vertical direction. When the tool needs to be changed, the second drive component 22 moves the spindle 31 close to the tool changing station, and then the tool 32 can be replaced through the tool changing mechanism 52.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first drive mechanism 2 also includes a column 23 arranged on the bed 1, the second drive assembly 22 is arranged on the column 23, and the ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool also includes a tool setting device 6 arranged on the column 23. The tool setting device 6 can move along the third direction Y and is used to calibrate the tool 32 at the movable end of the spindle 31. The third direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction Z and the second direction X.

[0044] In the present invention, the first driving mechanism 2 includes a column 23, wherein two columns 23 are provided, a crossbeam 24 is provided on the top of the two columns 23, and a second driving assembly 22 is provided on the crossbeam 24. The second driving assembly 22 includes a second guide rail 221 extending along the second direction X, a second slide plate 222 slidably provided on the second guide rail 221, and a second driving member 223, and the second driving member 223 is used to drive the second slide plate 222 to slide along the second guide rail 221. The first driving assembly 21 is provided on the second slide plate 222, and the first driving assembly 21 includes a first guide rail 211 extending along the first direction Z, a first slide plate 212 slidably provided on the first guide rail 211, and a first driving member 213, and the first driving member 213 is used to drive the first slide plate 212 to slide along the first guide rail 211. The processing assembly 3 is provided on the first slide plate 212, and the spindle 31 of the processing assembly 3 is used to drive the tool 32 to rotate, and the tool 32 is detachably provided at the output end of the spindle 31. The tool setting device 6 is disposed on the column 23 and can slide along the third direction Y to calibrate the tool 32 at the movable end of the spindle 31 .

[0045] Specifically, the column 23 adopts an integral casting process and undergoes special aging treatment to ensure long-term structural stability. Compared with the traditional welded structure, its overall rigidity is increased by more than 30%. The tool setting device 6 adopts a closed-loop control system and is equipped with a high-precision probe with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.001mm. The orthogonal arrangement in three directions is not only convenient for programming control, but also significantly improves the measurement efficiency, which is 60% faster than the traditional unidirectional measurement method. This design is particularly suitable for mass production scenarios and can significantly improve production efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, the tool setting device 6 is composed of a fixed plate 61, a guide rail 62, a movable plate 63, and a tool setting instrument 64. The tool setting device 6 is installed on the inner side of the column 23. The movable plate 63 can be driven by a cylinder or an electric push rod so that the tool setting instrument 64 can move back and forth along the third direction Y to a preset tool setting position to realize the tool setting action of the tool 32 on the spindle 31.

[0047] In some embodiments, a hollow channel 323 is provided in the tool 32 along its own axial direction, and the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine further includes a circulating filter device 7 , which is used to provide filtered coolant into the hollow channel 323 of the tool 32 .

[0048] In the present invention, by setting a hollow channel 323 inside the tool 32 and cooperating with an efficient circulation filter device 7, the cooling effect during the processing is significantly improved. Specifically, the hollow channel 323 can adopt a straight channel, or an optimized spiral structure design, and the channel diameter can be selected in the range of Φ1.5mm-Φ4mm according to different processing requirements. The circulation filter device 7 adopts a three-stage filtration system to ensure the cleanliness of the coolant. The system pressure can be adjusted within the range of 0.5-8MPa, and the maximum flow rate can reach 40L / min, which improves the cooling efficiency by more than 100% compared with the traditional external cooling method. This design is particularly important for special processes such as deep hole processing, and can effectively improve the processing quality.

[0049] Specifically, the circulating filter device 7 is arranged on one side of the bed 1, which can provide special grinding fluid circulation guarantee for the machine tool, ensure the stability of the grinding process of the spindle 31, and at the same time ensure the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the countersunk heads and deep holes with a large aspect ratio for processing hard and brittle materials.

[0050] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool further includes a positioning device 8 disposed on the bed 1 . The positioning device 8 is located below the movable end of the first driving assembly 21 and is used to position the workpiece to be machined.

[0051] In the present invention, the workpiece to be processed is positioned by the positioning device 8, and then the first driving mechanism 2 drives the processing assembly 3 to move, and the workpiece to be processed is processed by the processing assembly 3.

[0052] Specifically, the positioning device 8 includes a support seat 81, a rotary structure 82, a swing arm 83, a rotating mechanism 84, a workbench 85 and a fixture 87. Among them, the support seat 81 is used to install the rotary structure 82, the torque motor of the B axis is fixed to the rotary structure 82, the B axis can rotate and swing around the Y axis, and the B axis is provided with a safety brake device; the swing arm 83 is connected to the rotary structure 82 and is used to fix the rotating mechanism 84, the rotating mechanism 84 is used to install the torque motor of the C axis, and the C axis can rotate around the Z axis; the workbench 85 is installed at the output end of the rotating mechanism 84, and the fixture 87 is connected to the workbench 85 for positioning the workpiece to be processed. The positioning device 8 can cooperate with the remaining axes to realize multi-axis linkage processing and realize the processing of brittle and hard material parts. The positioning device 8 also includes a second drive mechanism 86, the second drive mechanism 86 can slide along the third direction Y, and the support seat 81 is arranged at the movable end of the second drive mechanism 86.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows: the tool 32 is clamped on the spindle 31, and the first drive assembly 21 and the second drive assembly 22 cooperate in movement, so that the tool 32 on the spindle 31 is close to the special fixture, and cooperates with the cantilever rotary table 85 to rotate and swing, so as to realize the processing of the surface features of the brittle and hard material parts, such as the plane, through hole, countersunk head, deep hole with a large aspect ratio, etc. Different tools 32 are used to process different surface features, and multiple tools 32 are provided by the tool magazine assembly 51.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic assisted machining machine further includes a trimmer 9 disposed on the positioning device 8 , and the trimmer 9 is used for trimming the tool 32 on the movable end of the first driving assembly 21 .

[0055] The dresser 9 in the present invention is installed on the right front side of the positioning device 8, and can realize the grinding and dressing processing of the tool 32. The specific implementation process is: the tool 32 is clamped on the spindle 31, and the first drive assembly 21 and the second drive assembly 22 cooperate to move, so that the tool 32 is close to the dresser 9, and the tool 32 is trimmed by the dresser 9.

[0056] Specifically, the dresser 9 uses a diamond grinding wheel to dress the tool 32, the rotation speed can reach more than 3000rpm, and the dressing accuracy is controlled within 0.002mm. The dressing process is controlled by CNC, which can realize automatic compensation and effectively extend the service life of the tool 32. This online dressing function not only reduces the frequency of tool 32 replacement, but also ensures the stability of processing accuracy. Actual application data shows that after adopting this function, the life of the tool 32 is significantly extended, reducing the processing cost.

[0057] The ultrasonic assisted machining machine receives the signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator 41 through the ultrasonic receiver 42, and forms a high-frequency vibration along the first direction Z. The high-frequency vibration is transmitted to the tool 32, so that the tool 32 generates sinusoidal ultrasonic vibration along the axial direction. During the machining process, the cutting speed and cutting depth will produce sinusoidal periodic changes. Changing the previous continuous machining to intermittent machining can better reduce the cutting force, reduce or even avoid the brittle microcracks and edge collapse of brittle and hard materials during the machining process, and effectively improve the machining quality, machining efficiency and finished product yield of brittle and hard materials.

[0058] like Fig.12 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a processing method of the above-mentioned ultrasonic assisted processing machine tool, and the processing method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The ultrasonic component 4 drives the tool 32 to vibrate along the first direction Z; Step 2: The first driving assembly 21 of the first driving mechanism 2 feeds the tool 32 along the first direction Z, and the tool 32 processes the workpiece to be processed.

[0059] In some embodiments, the tool 32 includes a first tool 321, a secondary edge is provided on the handle of the first tool 321, and the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver 42 abuts against the secondary edge of the first tool 321 to drive the first tool 321 to vibrate; the processing method also includes: Step 3: Determine whether the tool 32 is the first tool 321 . If yes, proceed to step 1 ; if no, proceed directly to step 2 .

[0060] In this application, the ultrasonic assisted processing machine tool is used for processing optically guided brittle and hard non-metallic materials; specifically, the main processing structure is a deep hole (with a relatively large aspect ratio); Ultrasonic machining of deep holes in brittle and hard materials can effectively improve machining efficiency, improve the quality of the surface of machined parts, and effectively increase the service life of the tool 32.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the processing method of the ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool includes: Step 3: Determine whether the tool 32 is the first tool 321, if yes, proceed to step 1; Step 1: The ultrasonic component 4 drives the tool 32 to vibrate along the first direction Z; Step 2: The first driving assembly 21 of the first driving mechanism 2 feeds the tool 32 along the first direction Z, and the tool 32 processes the workpiece to be processed.

[0062] In another specific embodiment, the processing method of the ultrasonic assisted processing machine tool includes: Step 3: Determine whether the tool 32 is the first tool 321, if not, proceed directly to step 2; Step 2: The first driving assembly 21 of the first driving mechanism 2 feeds the tool 32 along the first direction Z, and the tool 32 processes the workpiece to be processed.

[0063] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool, characterized in that: include: Bed (1); A first driving mechanism (2) is arranged on the bed (1), the first driving mechanism (2) comprising a first driving component (21) capable of feeding along a first direction; A processing assembly (3) is arranged at the movable end of the first driving assembly (21), the processing assembly (3) comprising a spindle (31) and a tool (32), the spindle (31) being used to drive the tool (32) to rotate; An ultrasonic component (4) comprises an ultrasonic generator (41) and an ultrasonic receiver (42), wherein the ultrasonic generator (41) is arranged on the first drive component (21), and the ultrasonic receiver (42) is arranged at the movable end of the first drive component (21), and the ultrasonic receiver (42) is used to receive a signal emitted by the ultrasonic generator (41) and drive the tool (32) to vibrate along the first direction.

2. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool (32) comprises a first tool (321), a secondary edge being arranged on a tool handle of the first tool (321), a gap being left between a primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver (42) and the secondary edge of the first tool (321), and the primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver (42) electromagnetically excites the secondary edge of the first tool (321) to cause the first tool (321) to vibrate.

3. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool (32) further comprises a second tool (322), wherein the distance between a machining end of the second tool (322) and the movable end of the spindle (31) is equal to the distance between the machining end of the first tool (321) and the movable end of the spindle (31).

4. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first drive mechanism (2) further comprises a second drive assembly (22) movable in a second direction, the first drive assembly (21) being arranged at a movable end of the second drive assembly (22), the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine further comprising a tool changing device (5), the tool changing device (5) comprising a tool magazine assembly (51) and a tool changing mechanism (52), the tool magazine assembly (51) being provided with a plurality of groups of tools (32), the tool changing mechanism (52) being arranged between the tool magazine assembly (51) and the machining assembly (3) and being used for replacing the tools (32) at the tool magazine assembly (51) and the movable end of the spindle (31); The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

5. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first drive mechanism (2) further comprises a column (23) arranged on the bed (1), the second drive assembly (22) being arranged on the column (23), and the ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool further comprises a tool setting device (6) arranged on the column (23), the tool setting device (6) being movable along a third direction for calibrating a tool (32) at a movable end of the spindle (31), the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

6. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hollow channel (323) is arranged in the tool (32) along its axial direction. The ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool further comprises a circulating filter device (7), and the circulating filter device (7) is used to provide filtered coolant into the hollow channel (323) of the tool (32).

7. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool further comprises a positioning device (8) arranged on the bed (1); the positioning device (8) is located below the machining component (3) and is used for positioning a workpiece to be machined.

8. The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic assisted machining machine tool further comprises a dresser (9) arranged on the positioning device (8), the dresser (9) being used for dressing the tool (32) at the movable end of the spindle (31).

9. A processing method of an ultrasonic-assisted machining machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The ultrasonic component (4) drives the tool (32) to vibrate along a first direction; Step 2: The first drive assembly (21) of the first drive mechanism (2) feeds the tool (32) along the first direction, drives the tool (32) to rotate via the spindle (31), and processes the workpiece to be processed.

10. The processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tool (32) comprises a first tool (321), a secondary edge being arranged on a tool handle of the first tool (321), and a primary edge of the ultrasonic receiver (42) abutting against the secondary edge of the first tool (321) to drive the first tool (321) to vibrate; the processing method further comprises: Step three: determine whether the tool (32) is the first tool (321); if so, proceed to step one; if not, proceed directly to step two.

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