High-speed train pantograph head sliding plate structure based on flow guide and vortex breaking

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed train pantograph head sliding plate structure based on flow guiding and vortex breaking. A plurality of L-shaped flow channels which are used for shunting incoming flow and enabling shunted airflow to be ejected downwards are formed in the windward side of the structure at intervals in the length direction. The air flow ejected downwards from the L-shaped flow channel lifts the sliding plate to move upwards, so that the pantograph is in stable and reliable contact with the contact net. The pneumatic lifting force of the pantograph head can be increased, and the pneumatic resistance can be reduced, so that the pneumatic performance of the high-speed train pantograph is improved, the pantograph-catenary contact state is improved, and safe and efficient operation of a train is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pantographs, and in particular to a pantograph slide plate structure of a high-speed train based on flow diversion and vortex breaking. Background Art

[0002] The pantograph is a key device for electric locomotives to obtain electricity from the contact network to drive the vehicle. It is a rod structure protruding from the top of the vehicle body. The pantograph upper frame, lower arm and lower pull rod are driven by the cylinder to move, so as to lift the pantograph head and connect it with the contact network. A reasonable pre-pressure is maintained between the pantograph and the contact network to ensure stable contact between the pantograph and the contact network and low wear of the carbon slide plate.

[0003] Affected by the high-speed airflow generated by the train operation, the pantograph undergoes flow-induced vibration, which can easily induce instability and cause poor contact between the pantograph and the catenary. The impact of the pantograph-catenary contact can be mitigated by reducing the stiffness of the sleeves on both sides of the pantograph, but the vibration of the pantograph will be aggravated under the joint excitation of pneumatics and the catenary, especially for high-speed trains with speeds of more than 350km / h. Therefore, ensuring stable and reliable contact between the pantograph and the catenary is crucial to the safety and efficiency of high-speed trains. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-speed train bow head slide plate structure based on diversion and vortex breaking, which can increase the aerodynamic lift of the bow head and reduce the aerodynamic resistance, thereby improving the aerodynamic performance of the high-speed train pantograph and improving the contact state of the pantograph and the catenary, thereby ensuring safe and efficient operation of the train.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0006] A high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking has a windward surface on which a plurality of L-shaped flow channels are arranged at intervals along the length direction for diverting the incoming flow and allowing the diverted airflow to be ejected downward. The airflow ejected downward from the L-shaped flow channel lifts the pantograph on the slide to ensure stable and reliable contact between the pantograph and the contact network.

[0007] Preferably, the slide plate is slidably equipped with a plurality of sliders which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the L-shaped flow channel and are used to slide along the windward side to the leeward side under the influence of wind after the incoming flow to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the L-shaped flow channel. During the sliding process, the sliders protrude toward the leeward side to achieve vortex breaking.

[0008] Preferably, the skateboard includes a skateboard body with streamlined ends, the skateboard body includes an aluminum alloy part and a carbon plate part arranged on the top of the aluminum alloy part; the aluminum alloy part is provided with a plurality of air inlets spaced apart along the length direction, which are opened from the windward side to the leeward side and are used to play a diversion role to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the windward side of the skateboard body; the bottom center part of the aluminum alloy part is provided with air outlets corresponding to each air inlet one by one to form an L-shaped flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the slider is slidably assembled in the air inlet from the windward side to the leeward side, and the back of the slider protrudes the aluminum alloy portion when the slider slides in the leeward direction.

[0010] Preferably, each L-shaped flow channel is fully opened when the slider slides to the restricted position.

[0011] Preferably, the aluminum alloy part includes an upper half and a lower half of the aluminum alloy part assembled up and down by bolts, and rectangular cuts are provided at equal intervals along the length direction on the opposite surfaces of the upper half and the lower half of the aluminum alloy part, and the air inlet is formed by closing the rectangular cuts on the upper half and the lower half of the aluminum alloy part; the air outlet is opened in the middle part of the lower half of the aluminum alloy part and is a rectangle with the same length as the air inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the two sides of the slider are slidably assembled with the air inlet through a guide rail slider mechanism; the slider is a rectangle that matches the air inlet, and slider side grooves are provided on both sides of the slider; air inlet side grooves that match the slider side grooves are provided on both sides of the internal flow channel of the air inlet; the guide rail slider mechanism includes a connecting slider, and a pulley is provided on both sides of the connecting slider for realizing the sliding assembly of the connecting slider with the slider side groove and the air inlet side groove.

[0013] Preferably, streamlined structures and mounting supports for supporting the skateboard body are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the bottom of the skateboard body, and the two mounting supports are symmetrically installed relative to the center of the skateboard body; the mounting support includes a cylindrical support and a streamlined aluminum alloy plate fixedly arranged on the top of the cylindrical support and fixedly connected to the end of the upper half of the aluminum alloy part.

[0014] Preferably, the two ends of the upper half of the aluminum alloy part are streamlined structures that are compatible with the streamlined aluminum alloy plates, the carbon plate part is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the upper half of the aluminum alloy part, and the two ends of the carbon plate part are streamlined structures that smoothly transition to the two ends of the upper half of the aluminum alloy part; the lower half of the aluminum alloy part is located between the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates and is seamlessly abutted against the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows.

[0016] The present invention can reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the windward side of the slide body by diverting the air through the air inlet, the air outlet and the slider, and the diverted gas is ejected downward through the air outlet to enhance the aerodynamic lift of the pantograph bow head; at the same time, when the train is running, the airflow pushes the slide block to move until it reaches the limit position, and when the limit position is reached, the protruding part of the slide block relative to the slide block body destroys the vortex on the leeward side of the slide block body, reduces the pressure difference between the front and back, and achieves the effect of reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the pantograph bow head, and by providing the air inlet, the air outlet and the protruding part of the slide block when the train reaches stable operation, the Karman vortex shedding phenomenon of the slide block body is weakened, and the damage to the pantograph bow head caused by the resonance generated by the slide block body during vortex shedding is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional working principle diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a two-dimensional working principle diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A cross-sectional streamline comparison diagram of the present invention and the existing carbon slide board (the upper one is the cross-sectional streamline diagram of the existing carbon slide board, and the lower one is the cross-sectional streamline diagram of the present invention);

[0022] Figure 6 This is a lift effect diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is the resistance effect diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the rectangular slider structure of the present invention;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting slider of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a working principle diagram of the rectangular slider and the connecting slider of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 The figure is a two-dimensional working principle diagram of the side slide groove of the air inlet according to the present invention.

[0028] Among them: 1. cylindrical support, 2. lower half of the aluminum alloy part, 3. upper half of the aluminum alloy part, 4. carbon plate part, 5. streamlined aluminum alloy plate, 6. slider, 7. air outlet, 8. air inlet, 9. side slide groove of the slider, 10. connecting slider, 11. pulley, 12. side slide groove of the air inlet, 13. front end face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] A high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking, combined with Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the windward surface of the slide plate is provided with a plurality of L-shaped flow channels spaced apart along the length direction. The L-shaped flow channels are used to divert the incoming flow and eject the diverted airflow downward. The airflow ejected downward from the L-shaped flow channels lifts the pantograph on the slide plate to stably and reliably contact the contact network. The slide plate is slidably equipped with a plurality of sliders 6, each slider 6 being arranged one-to-one with each L-shaped flow channel. The slider 6 is used to slide along the windward surface to the leeward surface under the influence of the wind force after the incoming flow, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the L-shaped flow channel; at the same time, the slider 6 protrudes toward the leeward surface during the sliding process, thereby achieving vortex breaking.

[0031] Specifically, the skateboard includes a skateboard body and a mounting support, wherein both ends of the skateboard body are streamlined structures; the mounting support is a streamlined structure for supporting the skateboard body. There are two mounting supports, which are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the bottom of the skateboard body, and are installed symmetrically relative to the center of the skateboard body. The mounting support includes a cylindrical support 1 and a streamlined aluminum alloy plate 5, the streamlined aluminum alloy plate 5 is fixedly arranged on the top of the cylindrical support 1 by welding, and the streamlined aluminum alloy plate 5 is fixedly connected to the skateboard body. At the same time, the streamlined structure improves the situation where the pantograph has poor contact with the contact network when the pantograph is offset during the operation of the train.

[0032] The skateboard body includes an aluminum alloy part and a carbon plate part 4, wherein the carbon plate part 4 is arranged on the top of the aluminum alloy part; the aluminum alloy part is connected to the mounting support, and a plurality of air inlets 8 are spaced apart along the length direction of the aluminum alloy part, and the air inlets 8 are opened from the windward side to the leeward side; an air outlet 7 is opened in the middle part of the bottom of the aluminum alloy part at a position corresponding to each air inlet 8, and each air outlet 7 is connected to each air inlet 8 in a one-to-one manner, thereby forming an L-shaped flow channel.

[0033] The slider 6 is mounted inside the air inlet 8 by sliding from the windward side to the leeward side, and the slider 6 is adapted to the air inlet 8. The slider 6 can be affected by wind force when the high-speed train is running, and move back and forth in the air inlet 8, thereby changing the airflow direction of the air inlet 8 so that it is ejected downward through the air outlet 7. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet 7 can also be changed. When the slider 6 slides to the restricted position, each L-shaped flow channel is fully opened. When the slider 6 slides to the leeward direction, the aluminum alloy part protrudes from its back.

[0034] The aluminum alloy part includes an upper part 3 of the aluminum alloy part and a lower part 2 of the aluminum alloy part, and the upper part 3 of the aluminum alloy part and the lower part 2 of the aluminum alloy part are assembled up and down by bolts. The two ends of the upper part 3 of the aluminum alloy part are streamlined structures adapted to the streamlined aluminum alloy plate 5 and are fixedly connected to the streamlined aluminum alloy plate 5. The carbon plate part 4 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the upper part 3 of the aluminum alloy part, and the two ends of the carbon plate part 4 are streamlined structures that smoothly transition to the two ends of the upper part 3 of the aluminum alloy part. The lower part 2 of the aluminum alloy part is located between the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates 5 and abuts against the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates 5 without a gap.

[0035] The opposite surfaces of the upper half 3 of the aluminum alloy part and the lower half 2 of the aluminum alloy part are respectively provided with rectangular cutouts at equal intervals along the length direction; the air inlet 8 is rectangular and is formed by closing the rectangular cutouts on the upper half 3 of the aluminum alloy part and the lower half 2 of the aluminum alloy part. The air outlet 7 is opened in the middle part of the lower half 2 of the aluminum alloy part, and the air outlet 7 is rectangular and the length of the air outlet 7 is the same as the length of the air inlet 8. The slider 6 is rectangular and has the same size as the size of the air inlet 8. The two sides of the slider 6 are slidably assembled with the air inlet 8 through a guide rail slider mechanism.

[0036] like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, from the front end face 13 of the slider 6, the slider 6 is provided with slider side grooves 9 on both sides. Specifically, the slider 6 is divided into two entities at the limiting position of one end of the slider side groove 9 and connected by bolts to form the slider side groove 9; the air inlet side grooves 12 are provided on both sides of the internal flow channel of the air inlet 8, and the air inlet side grooves 12 are adapted to the slider side grooves 9. Specifically, the upper half 3 of the aluminum alloy part and the lower half 2 of the aluminum alloy part are assembled by bolts to form the air inlet side grooves 12. The guide rail slider mechanism includes a connecting slider 10, and pulleys 11 are respectively arranged on both sides of the connecting slider 10. The pulley 11 on one side is located in the slider side groove 9, and the pulley 11 on the other side is located in the air inlet side groove 12. The connecting slider 10 is slidably assembled with the slider side groove 9 and the air inlet side groove 12 through the pulley 11, so that the slider 6 can move back and forth in the air inlet 8 when the high-speed train is running, and the movement of the slider 6 can be limited. Protection.

[0037] like Figure 3 to Figure 4As shown, when the high-speed train is running, part of the airflow on the windward side of the skateboard body enters the flow channel through the air inlet 8. The opening of the air inlet 8 plays a role of diversion, reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the windward side of the skateboard body. The airflow is then ejected from the air outlet 7 through the L-shaped flow channel. The airflow downward relative to the direction of the skateboard body will increase the aerodynamic lift of the skateboard body to a certain extent, so that the pantograph and the contact network are in stable and reliable contact. When the high-speed train starts to run, the slider 6 moves in the air inlet 8 under the action of the airflow thrust until it reaches the limit. At this time, the back of the slider 6 protrudes from the skateboard body. The protruding part destroys the vortex on the leeward side of the skateboard body, reduces the pressure difference between the front and back, and achieves the effect of reducing the aerodynamic resistance of the pantograph bow head. In addition, by setting the air inlet 8, the air outlet 7 and the protruding part of the slider 6 during stable operation, the Karman vortex shedding phenomenon of the skateboard body is weakened, and the damage to the pantograph bow head caused by the resonance generated by the skateboard body during vortex shedding is reduced.

[0038] In order to clarify the effect of the present invention, the present invention is modeled and simulated. Through simulation, the common pantograph carbon slide prototype and the simulation results of the present invention are compared to verify the effect of the present invention. Specifically, the prototype and the present invention model are placed in fluid domains with the same size specifications, and the air inlet 8 speed is set to 60m / s, and simulations are performed respectively. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the vortex size of the prototype back flow surface is larger than that of the model back flow surface of the present invention, and obvious vortex shedding occurs; the vortex size of the back flow surface of the model of the present invention is smaller, and there is no vortex shedding, which reduces the resonance damage caused by vortex shedding. Figure 6 to Figure 7 As shown in the figure, by comparing the simulation results of the prototype and the model of the present invention, the lift of the model of the present invention is greater than the aerodynamic lift of the prototype, and the stability of the aerodynamic lift of the model of the present invention is far greater than that of the prototype. The aerodynamic drag of the model of the present invention is less than that of the prototype, and the aerodynamic drag curve has a smooth transition.

[0039] When the present invention is in use, the slide body is connected to the pantograph head through the mounting support, which can increase the aerodynamic lift of the pantograph head, reduce the aerodynamic drag and suppress the vibration of the pantograph head, enhance the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph of the high-speed train, and improve the contact state of the pantograph and the catenary, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the train.

Claims

1. A high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking, characterized by: The windward surface of the slide plate is provided with a plurality of L-shaped flow channels spaced apart along the length direction for diverting the incoming flow and ejecting the diverted airflow downward. The airflow ejected downward from the L-shaped flow channel lifts the pantograph on the slide plate to stably and reliably contact with the contact network.

2. According to claim 1, a high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking is characterized by: The slide plate is slidably mounted with a plurality of sliders (6) arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the L-shaped flow channel and used to slide along the windward side towards the leeward side under the influence of wind force after the incoming flow to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the L-shaped flow channel. During the sliding process, the sliders (6) protrude towards the leeward side to achieve vortex breaking.

3. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 2 is characterized by: The slide plate comprises a slide plate body with streamlined ends, the slide plate body comprising an aluminum alloy portion and a carbon plate portion (4) arranged on the top of the aluminum alloy portion; the aluminum alloy portion is provided with a plurality of air inlets (8) extending from the windward side to the leeward side at intervals along the length direction and used to play a diversion role to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the windward side of the slide plate body; and an air outlet (7) is provided at a position corresponding to each air inlet (8) at the bottom center of the aluminum alloy portion and connected to each air inlet (8) to form an L-shaped flow channel.

4. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 3 is characterized by: The slider (6) is mounted inside the air inlet (8) in a sliding manner from the windward side to the leeward side, and when the slider (6) slides in the leeward direction, the back of the slider (6) protrudes an aluminum alloy portion.

5. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 4 is characterized by: When the slider (6) slides to the restricted position, each L-shaped flow channel is fully opened.

6. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 4 is characterized by: The aluminum alloy part comprises an upper aluminum alloy part (3) and a lower aluminum alloy part (2) assembled by bolts, and rectangular cutouts are provided at equal intervals along the length direction on the opposing surfaces of the upper aluminum alloy part (3) and the lower aluminum alloy part (2), and the air inlet (8) is formed by closing the rectangular cutouts on the upper aluminum alloy part (3) and the lower aluminum alloy part (2); the air outlet (7) is provided in the middle of the lower aluminum alloy part (2) and is a rectangle with the same length as the air inlet (8).

7. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 6 is characterized by: The two sides of the slider (6) are slidably assembled with the air inlet (8) through a guide rail slider mechanism; the slider (6) is a rectangle that matches the air inlet (8), and slider side slide grooves (9) are provided on both sides of the slider (6); air inlet side slide grooves (12) that match the slider side slide grooves (9) are provided on both sides of the internal flow channel of the air inlet (8); the guide rail slider mechanism includes a connecting slider (10), and a pulley (11) is provided on both sides of the connecting slider (10) for realizing the sliding assembly of the connecting slider (10) with the slider side slide groove (9) and the air inlet side slide groove (12).

8. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 3 is characterized by: The left and right ends of the bottom of the skateboard body are respectively provided with streamlined structures and mounting supports for supporting the skateboard body, and the two mounting supports are symmetrically installed relative to the center of the skateboard body; the mounting supports include a cylindrical support (1) and a streamlined aluminum alloy plate (5) fixedly arranged on the top of the cylindrical support (1) and fixedly connected to the end of the upper half (3) of the aluminum alloy part.

9. The high-speed train bow slide structure based on flow diversion and vortex breaking according to claim 8 is characterized by: The two ends of the upper half (3) of the aluminum alloy part are streamlined structures that match the streamlined aluminum alloy plates (5); the carbon plate part (4) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the upper half (3) of the aluminum alloy part, and the two ends of the carbon plate part (4) are streamlined structures that smoothly transition to the two ends of the upper half (3) of the aluminum alloy part; the lower half (2) of the aluminum alloy part is located between the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates (5) and is seamlessly abutted against the two streamlined aluminum alloy plates (5).

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