Device for detecting tunnel surrounding rock deformation by heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel surrounding rock deformation detecting device of a heading machine, the tunnel surrounding rock deformation detecting device of the heading machine comprises a base, a measuring piece and a detecting mechanism, the base is connected with a shield body, the measuring end of the measuring piece penetrates through the shield body to abut against surrounding rock, the connecting end of the measuring piece is located in the base, and the detecting mechanism is connected with the measuring piece. The detection mechanism is arranged on the base, the detection mechanism comprises a laser range finder, a spring and a supporting frame, the first end of the spring is connected with the connecting end of the measuring piece, the second end of the spring is connected with the supporting frame, the supporting frame is connected with the base, and the laser range finder is arranged on the base. The laser range finder is located in the supporting frame and used for detecting the distance between the connecting end of the measuring piece and the laser range finder. The tunnel surrounding rock deformation detection device of the heading machine has the advantages of real-time monitoring and small environmental influence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, and in particular to a device for detecting deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] During long-distance tunnel construction, due to the complexity of the surrounding rock of the entire tunnel, extremely severe working conditions such as large deformation of soft rock are often encountered, resulting in TBM shielding. This seriously affects the excavation efficiency and construction safety. At present, most of the surrounding rock deformation detection is done during the excavation of the formed tunnel, and there is a lack of equipment for real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock during the TBM construction process. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel boring machine detection tunnel surrounding rock deformation device, which has the advantages of real-time monitoring and little environmental impact.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel boring machine includes a base, a measuring piece and a detection mechanism, the base is connected to a shield body, the measuring end of the measuring piece passes through the shield body and abuts against the surrounding rock, the connecting end of the measuring piece is located in the base, the detection mechanism is arranged on the base, the detection mechanism includes a laser rangefinder, a spring and a support frame, the first end of the spring is connected to the connecting end of the measuring piece, the second end of the spring is connected to the support frame, the support frame is connected to the base, and the laser rangefinder is located in the support frame to detect the distance between the connecting end of the measuring piece and the laser rangefinder.

[0005] The tunnel boring machine detection tunnel surrounding rock deformation device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of real-time monitoring and little environmental impact. The application has the following advantages: it can monitor the surrounding rock deformation pressure in real time, provide a reference for TBM downtime, prevent shield jamming, draw the surrounding rock deformation curve according to the distance measurement results, and provide a strong judgment basis for construction excavation.

[0006] In some embodiments, the measuring member includes a roller and a telescopic rod, the roller abuts against the surrounding rock, the first end of the telescopic rod is pivotally connected to the roller, and the second end of the telescopic rod is connected to the spring.

[0007] In some embodiments, the tunnel boring machine's tunnel surrounding rock deformation detection device also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a limiting sleeve, and the limiting sleeve is arranged on the shield body to guide the telescopic rod to move relative to the shield body, and the telescopic rod penetrates into the limiting sleeve and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve.

[0008] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the limiting sleeve is located in the base and connected to the support frame, and the spring is located in the limiting sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the guiding mechanism also includes a limiting ring, which is located on the shield body and fixedly connected to the limiting sleeve, and the limiting ring is located outside the limiting sleeve to constrain the limiting sleeve. The laser rangefinder is connected to an external storage device via a signal transmission line to store distance data.

[0010] In some embodiments, the base includes a positioning plate, a closing plate and an annular guard, the positioning plate is connected to the shield body, the first end of the annular guard is connected to the positioning plate, the second end of the annular guard is connected to the closing plate, the annular guard, the positioning plate and the closing plate enclose a working space, and the detection mechanism is located in the working space.

[0011] In some embodiments, a fixing hole is provided on the positioning plate, and a bolt passes through the fixing hole to be connected to the shield body, and a through hole is provided in the center of the positioning plate for the measuring piece to pass through.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support frame is connected to the closing plate, and the support frame and the closing plate enclose an installation space for placing the laser rangefinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tunnel boring machine's tunnel surrounding rock deformation detection device also includes a calibration device, which includes a calibration target, an electric push rod and a controller, the controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod to control the electric push rod, the calibration target is located in the limit sleeve and the distance between the calibration target and the laser rangefinder is fixed, the output end of the electric push rod is connected to the calibration target to drive the calibration target to move relative to the limit sleeve, and the other end of the electric push rod is connected to the support frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure numerals: 1. shield body; 2. base; 21. positioning plate; 22. annular protective member; 23. closing plate; 3. spring; 5. laser rangefinder; 6. roller; 7. telescopic rod; 8. limiting sleeve; 9. limiting ring; 10. support frame; 11. surrounding rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0017] According to the tunnel boring machine detection tunnel surrounding rock deformation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel boring machine detection tunnel surrounding rock deformation device comprises a base 2, a measuring piece and a detection mechanism, the base 2 is connected to the shield body 1, the measuring end of the measuring piece passes through the shield body 1 and abuts against the surrounding rock, the connecting end of the measuring piece is located in the base 2, the detection mechanism is arranged on the base 2, the detection mechanism comprises a laser rangefinder 5, a spring 3 and a support frame 10, the first end of the spring 3 is connected to the connecting end of the measuring piece, the second end of the spring 3 is connected to the support frame 10, the support frame 10 is connected to the base 2, and the laser rangefinder 5 is located in the support frame 10 to detect the distance between the connecting end of the measuring piece and the laser rangefinder 5. The measuring piece obtains the deformation change of the surrounding rock by contacting the measuring end with the surrounding rock, and provides a reference for the TBM shutdown according to the deformation displacement value of the surrounding rock. The spring 3 provides the reset power for the measuring piece through elastic deformation, the support frame 10 supports the spring 3, and the laser rangefinder 5 is used to detect the distance between the connecting end of the measuring piece and the laser rangefinder 5, so that the displacement of the measuring piece with the deformation of the surrounding rock can be obtained.

[0018] The device for detecting tunnel surrounding rock deformation of a tunnel boring machine according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of real-time monitoring and little impact by the environment.

[0019] In some embodiments, the measuring member includes a roller and a telescopic rod 7 , the roller abuts against the surrounding rock, a first end of the telescopic rod 7 is pivotally connected to the roller, and a second end of the telescopic rod 7 is connected to the spring 3 .

[0020] Specifically, the roller installed at the end of the telescopic rod 7 can transform the point contact between the telescopic rod 7 and the surrounding rock into a rolling surface contact, which can reduce the wear of the telescopic rod 7, reduce the replacement frequency of the measuring parts and extend the service life. With the cooperation of the spring 3 and the telescopic rod 7, the roller can always fit the surrounding rock.

[0021] In some embodiments, the tunnel boring machine's tunnel surrounding rock deformation detection device also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a limiting sleeve 8. The limiting sleeve 8 is arranged on the shield body 1 to guide the telescopic rod 7 to move relative to the shield body 1. The telescopic rod 7 passes through the limiting sleeve 8 and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve 8.

[0022] Specifically, the limit sleeve 8 can limit the movement range of the telescopic rod 7 in the shield body 1, ensuring that the measuring piece stably contacts the surrounding rock. Through the guiding mechanism, the stability and reliability of the measuring piece are improved, and the measurement error is reduced. The measuring piece slides in the limit sleeve 8, and the diameter of the limit sleeve 8 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 6 of the measuring piece, which can prevent the roller 6 from retracting under the shield body 1, causing the end of the measuring piece to break through the limit of the spring 3 and hit the laser rangefinder 5.

[0023] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the limiting sleeve 8 is located in the base 2 and connected to the support frame 10 , and the spring 3 is located in the limiting sleeve 8 .

[0024] Specifically, the portion of the limiting sleeve 8 that exceeds the shield body 1 enters the base 2 and is connected to the support frame 10 to ensure that the telescopic rod 7 in the limiting sleeve 8 accurately enters the base 2, and the spring 3 is used to push the telescopic rod 7 to move in the limiting sleeve 8. The limiting sleeve 8 has a restraining effect on the spring 3.

[0025] In some embodiments, the guiding mechanism also includes a limit ring 9, which is located on the shield body 1 and is detachably connected to the limit sleeve 8. The limit ring 9 is located on the outside of the limit sleeve 8 to constrain the limit sleeve 8. The laser rangefinder 5 is connected to an external storage device via a signal transmission line to store distance data.

[0026] Specifically, the limit ring 9 is arranged on the base 2 to further constrain the measuring piece, which can prevent the measuring rod from tilting, and the laser rangefinder 5 is aligned with the limit sleeve 8 to ensure accurate measurement of the distance. While the limit ring 9 constrains the limit sleeve 8, it also facilitates the removal and assembly of the limit sleeve 8 from the shield body 1.

[0027] In some embodiments, the base 2 includes a positioning plate 21, a closing plate 23 and an annular protective member, the positioning plate 21 is connected to the shield body 1, the first end of the annular protective member is connected to the positioning plate 21, the second end of the annular protective member is connected to the closing plate 23, the annular protective member, the positioning plate 21 and the closing plate 23 enclose a working space, and the detection mechanism is located in the working space.

[0028] Specifically, the positioning plate 21 is in contact with the shield body 1 to ensure the connection between the base 2 and the shield body 1, the annular guard is connected to the positioning plate 21, the annular guard, the closing plate 23 and the positioning plate 21 enclose a working space, and the measuring parts and the laser rangefinder 5 of the detection mechanism are arranged in the working space to protect and resist interference with the detection mechanism, thereby improving the safety of the detection mechanism and ensuring the smooth progress of the measurement process.

[0029] In some embodiments, a fixing hole is provided on the positioning plate 21, and bolts pass through the fixing hole to connect with the shield body 1, and a through hole is provided in the center of the positioning plate 21 for the measuring piece to pass through.

[0030] Specifically, the fixing holes on the positioning plate 21 are used to cooperate with bolts to achieve threaded connection and fixation with the shield body 1. It is understandable that the positioning plate 21 can also be fixed by other connection methods such as welding. A through hole is set in the center of the positioning plate 21 for the telescopic rod 7 of the measuring piece to move inside so that the roller 6 can move relative to the shield body 1.

[0031] In some embodiments, the support frame 10 is connected to the closing plate 23 , and the support frame 10 and the closing plate 23 enclose an installation space for placing the laser rangefinder 5 .

[0032] Specifically, the installation space formed by the support frame 10 and the closing plate 23 can protect the laser rangefinder 5, preventing the laser rangefinder 5 from being damaged by collision, pollution and affecting the measurement result. The closing plate 23 supports the laser rangefinder 5, and a buffer layer can be provided on the closing plate 23 to absorb and reduce the vibration of the laser rangefinder 5.

[0033] In some embodiments, the tunnel boring machine's tunnel surrounding rock deformation detection device also includes a calibration device, which includes a calibration target, an electric push rod and a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod to control the electric push rod. The calibration target is located in the limiting sleeve 8 and the distance between the calibration target and the laser rangefinder 5 is fixed. The output end of the electric push rod is connected to the calibration target to drive the calibration target to move relative to the limiting sleeve 8. The other end of the electric push rod is connected to the support frame 10.

[0034] Specifically, the calibration device is used to calibrate the laser rangefinder 5 to ensure measurement accuracy. The electric push rod is arranged on the support frame 10 to move the calibration target. When calibration is required, the electric push rod pushes the calibration target to the measurement position, and the laser rangefinder 5 performs distance measurement. The controller controls the electric push rod to retract, and the calibration target moves away from the measurement position. The distance between the calibration target and the laser rangefinder 5 is fixed. The extension direction of the electric push rod is horizontal, so that the movement of the calibration target has little effect on the result of the laser rangefinder 5. The calibration is performed by comparing the measurement of the calibration target by the laser rangefinder 5 with the actual distance of the calibration target.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: include: A base, the base being connected to the shield body; A measuring piece, wherein a measuring end of the measuring piece passes through the shield body and abuts against the surrounding rock, and a connecting end of the measuring piece is located in the base; The detection mechanism is arranged on the base, and the detection mechanism includes a laser rangefinder, a spring and a support frame. The first end of the spring is connected to the connecting end of the measuring piece, the second end of the spring is connected to the support frame, and the support frame is connected to the base. The laser rangefinder is located in the support frame to detect the distance between the connecting end of the measuring piece and the laser rangefinder.

2. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring member comprises a roller and a telescopic rod, wherein the roller abuts against the surrounding rock, a first end of the telescopic rod is pivotally connected to the roller, and a second end of the telescopic rod is connected to the spring.

3. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a limiting sleeve. The limiting sleeve is arranged on the shield body to guide the telescopic rod to move relative to the shield body. The telescopic rod penetrates the limiting sleeve and is slidably connected to the limiting sleeve.

4. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least a portion of the limiting sleeve is located in the base and connected to the support frame, and the spring is located in the limiting sleeve.

5. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting ring, which is located on the shield body and fixedly connected to the limiting sleeve. The limiting ring is located outside the limiting sleeve to constrain the limiting sleeve. The laser rangefinder is connected to an external storage device via a signal transmission line to store distance data.

6. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a positioning plate, a closing plate and an annular protective member, the positioning plate is connected to the shield body, the first end of the annular protective member is connected to the positioning plate, the second end of the annular protective member is connected to the closing plate, the annular protective member, the positioning plate and the closing plate enclose a working space, and the detection mechanism is located in the working space.

7. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning plate is provided with a fixing hole, through which a bolt passes to connect with the shield body, and a through hole is provided in the center of the positioning plate for the measuring piece to pass through.

8. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support frame is connected to the closing plate, and the support frame and the closing plate enclose an installation space for placing the laser rangefinder.

9. The device for detecting deformation of surrounding rock of a tunnel by a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a calibration device, which includes a calibration target, an electric push rod and a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod to control the electric push rod. The calibration target is located in the limiting sleeve and the distance between the calibration target and the laser rangefinder is fixed. The output end of the electric push rod is connected to the calibration target to drive the calibration target to move relative to the limiting sleeve. The other end of the electric push rod is connected to the support frame.

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