A support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function

Abstract

The present invention relates to a support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function, which includes an inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, a curved wall lining precast block arranged on both side walls of the tunnel, and an arc-shaped lining precast block arranged at the top of the tunnel. The ends of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block are respectively connected by a concave-convex tenon connection structure, a bolt connection joint structure, and a socket joint structure connector, and are sequentially laid along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and connected by a longitudinal prestress fastening structure. Compared with the cast-in-place construction, the present invention improves the standardization degree of tunnel construction, has more reliable quality, reduces the workload of in-tunnel construction, and improves the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel lining structures, and particularly to a support system for a prefabricated tunnel lining structure with a fast laying function. Background Art

[0002] A lining refers to a permanent support structure built along the periphery of a tunnel body using materials such as reinforced concrete to prevent the surrounding rock from deforming or collapsing. Lining technology is usually applied in tunnel engineering and water conservancy channels for isolation or other protection of buildings. Simply put, a lining is an inner lining, and a common one is a lining made of blocks, which can be a prestressed high-pressure grouting plain concrete lining.

[0003] Due to the influence of factors such as on-site construction conditions, external environment, and construction personnel during the construction process of cast-in-place structures, some tunnels have suffered from diseases such as invert deformation, cracking, bulging, and mud gushing, resulting in excessively high maintenance costs during operation and even affecting train operation in severe cases. Through investigation, it is found that problems such as uneven thickness during invert construction, inclusion of impurities in concrete pouring, and quality defects in construction joints seriously affect the quality of the invert. Therefore, it is necessary to study a new type of invert structure with more reliable quality. Prefabricated structures, with their factory-based and standardized production plans, reduce construction pollution, improve the working environment, reduce the workload inside the tunnel, lower the on-site construction labor cost, and have more reliable quality. They are an important measure for green construction advocated by the country and also a future development direction of tunnel construction technology. Currently, in some construction fields, prefabricated structures have been well applied. With the improvement of China's tunnel construction technology and equipment manufacturing level, the external conditions for using prefabricated inverts in tunnels have been met. Under the development trend of tunnel construction mechanization and intelligentization, the industrialization of using prefabricated structures in tunnels will also be a direction for the development of tunnel construction.

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention combines the engineering characteristics of mined tunnels and open-cut tunnels, comprehensively considers factors such as structural force modes and characteristics, boundary conditions, and joint stiffness, analogizes shield tunnel engineering, and relies on theoretical analysis, model tests, and numerical calculations to propose a suitable design theory for prefabricated lining structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a support system for a prefabricated tunnel lining structure with a fast laying function, which improves the standardization degree of tunnel construction compared with cast-in-place construction, has more reliable quality, reduces the workload inside the tunnel, and improves construction efficiency.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A tunnel precast segment lining structure support system with a fast laying function, including an inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, curved wall lining precast blocks arranged on both side walls of the tunnel, and an arc-shaped lining precast block arranged at the top of the tunnel. The inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block is connected to the curved wall lining precast block, and between the ends of the curved wall lining precast block and the arc-shaped lining precast block respectively through connectors. The connectors include a concave-convex tenon connection structure, a bolt connection joint structure, and a socket joint structure. Adjacent inverted arch box-shaped lining precast blocks, adjacent curved wall lining precast blocks, and adjacent arc-shaped lining precast blocks are respectively connected through a longitudinal prestressed fastening structure. On the upper end surface of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, inverted arch filling precast blocks are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. On one end surface of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks close to each other, a central water channel is arranged. On the upper end surfaces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks at the ends far from each other, vertical shafts are respectively arranged. The bottom of the vertical shaft is communicated with the central water channel through a drain pipe. On the upper end surface of the inverted arch filling precast block at the position of the vertical shaft port, a placement groove for placing a water channel grille is arranged. The water channel grille is provided with drainage openings arranged in a rectangular array. The water channel grille is also provided with a flipable drainage opening shielding component for dynamically shielding the drainage openings. The drainage opening shielding component includes a shielding plate arranged inside the drainage opening, a shielding plate initial component for dynamically maintaining the shielding plate in a horizontal state to block, and an elastic force release component for making the shielding plate in a vertical state when drainage is required.

[0008] Further, a plurality of the shielding plates in the same row are connected through a transmission rod. The axial direction of the transmission rod is arranged along the width direction of the water channel grille. The left and right end portions of the transmission rod are respectively connected to the left and right side surfaces of the water channel grille through first bearings. And one end portion of the transmission rod also penetrates through the side surface of the water channel grille and extends to the outside and is coaxially provided with a gear. A plurality of the transmission rods are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille, that is, a plurality of the gears are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille.

[0009] Further, the baffle initial component includes a first housing, the length direction of the first housing is arranged along the length direction of the water channel grille and is disposed on the side surface of the water channel grille close to the gear, a rack meshing with a plurality of the gears is arranged inside the first housing along its length direction, a second housing is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the first housing along its length direction, a movable rod is arranged inside the second housing along its length direction, a first connecting rod for connecting with the rack is arranged in the middle of the movable rod, a fixed limiting plate and a movable limiting plate are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the movable rod inside the upper end of the second housing, the movable limiting plate is connected with the inside of the second housing through an elastic force release component, a compressed first spring is sleeved on the part of the movable rod between the fixed limiting plate and the first connecting rod, and a compressed second spring is sleeved on the part of the movable rod between the movable limiting plate and the first connecting rod.

[0010] Further, the compression amounts of the first spring and the second spring are the same.

[0011] Further, a second placement groove for placing the first housing is further arranged on the upper end surface of the invert filling precast block.

[0012] Further, the elastic force release component includes a first cylinder arranged vertically and a second cylinder arranged horizontally. A third placement groove for accommodating the first cylinder is arranged on the upper end surface of the invert filling precast block. A first piston is fitted inside the first cylinder. A second movable rod is vertically upward arranged on the upper end surface of the first piston. The upper end part of the second movable rod penetrates through the upper end surface of the first cylinder and a support plate is horizontally arranged. An absorbent member is arranged on the upper end surface of the support plate. A third spring is further sleeved on the part of the second movable rod outside the first cylinder. An air delivery pipe is communicated between the lower end part of the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The second cylinder is arranged inside the second housing and is arranged along the axial direction of the movable rod. A second piston is fitted inside the second cylinder. A third movable rod is horizontally arranged on the side surface of the second piston away from the air delivery pipe. The other end of the third movable rod penetrates through the end surface of the second cylinder and is connected with the movable limiting plate.

[0013] Further, the upper end surface of the support plate is flush with the upper port of the third placement groove, and the absorbent member is a sponge.

[0014] Further, a second drain pipe is communicated between the lower end surface of the third placement groove and the shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the concave-convex tenon connection structure includes a first convex tenon, a first concave groove, a second convex tenon, and a second concave groove that are longitudinally arranged and tenon-connected to each other. A plurality of the first convex tenons are evenly arranged at the left and right ends of the upper end face of the invert box-shaped lining precast block. A plurality of the first concave grooves are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the two curved wall lining precast blocks. A plurality of the second convex tenons are evenly arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped lining precast block. A plurality of the second concave grooves are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the two curved wall lining precast blocks.

[0016] Furthermore, the bolt connection joint structure includes a first bolt connection joint, a second bolt connection joint, a third bolt connection joint, and a fourth bolt connection joint that are longitudinally arranged and connected to each other. A plurality of the first bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side faces of the invert box-shaped lining precast block. A plurality of the second bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the outer side faces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks. The first bolt connection joint and the second bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts. A plurality of the third bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the outer side faces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks. A plurality of the fourth bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the two ends of the outer side face of the arc-shaped lining precast block. The third bolt connection joint and the fourth bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts.

[0017] Furthermore, the socket joint structure includes a first inclined bolt and a second inclined bolt that are longitudinally staggered, and a third inclined bolt and a fourth inclined bolt that are longitudinally staggered. Inclined bolt holes are provided on the inner walls and end faces of the invert box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block. The inclined bolt holes on the inner wall of the invert box-shaped lining precast block communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the lower end face of the curved wall lining precast block to fill the first inclined bolt. The inclined bolt holes at the lower end of the inner side face of the curved wall lining precast block communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the upper end face of the invert box-shaped lining precast block to fill the second inclined bolt. The inclined bolt holes at the upper end of the inner side face of the curved wall lining precast block communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the two end faces of the arc-shaped lining precast block to fill the third inclined bolt. The inclined bolt holes at the two ends of the inner side face of the arc-shaped lining precast block communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the upper end face of the curved wall lining precast block to fill the fourth inclined bolt.

[0018] Furthermore, the longitudinal prestressed fastening structure includes longitudinal reserved holes penetrating through the longitudinal two end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block. A plurality of corresponding longitudinal reserved holes are fastened by prestressed steel bars and anchor fittings. One end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block in their longitudinal direction is provided with a first lapping protrusion communicating with the longitudinal reserved holes, and the other end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block in their longitudinal direction is provided with a first lapping groove communicating with the longitudinal reserved holes.

[0019] Furthermore, arc-shaped waterproof layers are respectively arranged on the inner and outer side surfaces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of first longitudinal waterproof strips are also arranged at the tenoning positions of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block and the curved wall lining precast block, a plurality of second longitudinal waterproof strips are also arranged at the tenoning positions of the curved wall lining precast block and the arc-shaped lining precast block, and arc-shaped waterproof strips are respectively arranged at the longitudinal two end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block.

[0021] Furthermore, second lapping protrusions are respectively arranged on one end face of the arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block in their longitudinal direction, and second lapping grooves lapping with the second lapping protrusions are respectively arranged on the other end face of the arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block in their longitudinal direction.

[0022] Furthermore, a maintenance access opening communicating with the central water channel is also arranged between the upper end faces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks, and a cover plate is arranged on the maintenance access opening.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The support system of the tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function in the present invention, by arranging the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block at the bottom of the tunnel, the curved wall lining precast block on both side walls of the tunnel, and the arc-shaped lining precast block at the top of the tunnel, and connecting the ends of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block, the curved wall lining precast block, and the arc-shaped lining precast block respectively through the concave-convex tenon connection structure, the bolt connection joint structure, and the socket joint structure connecting pieces, laying them in sequence along the tunnel longitudinal direction and connecting them through the longitudinal prestressed fastening structure, improves the standardization degree of tunnel construction compared with in-situ casting construction, the quality is more reliable, reduces the workload of in-tunnel construction, and improves the construction efficiency.

[0025] (2) A support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function according to the present invention. By arranging a central water channel and a shaft in the invert filling precast block, and setting a drain pipe to achieve the intercommunication between the central water channel and the shaft. By arranging a placement groove for placing a water channel grille at the upper end of the shaft, and arranging a drainage port shielding component at the drainage port of the water channel grille. In the absence of water conditions, its shutter is in a horizontal state at the drainage port position to shield the drainage port, reducing the entry of external sundries and dust into the shaft to block the drain pipe, and can reduce the odor inside the central water channel from diffusing into the tunnel through the shaft, and is convenient for realizing the assembly with the invert filling precast block.

[0026] (3) A support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function according to the present invention. By arranging an elastic force release component, when a water condition occurs, the water absorption component becomes heavier after absorbing water, thereby realizing the release of the elastic force of the second spring. Then, with the reset of the first spring, finally the shutter is tilted to open the drainage port, facilitating the tunnel water to reach the central water channel through the drainage port and the shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 partial enlarged schematic view at A of.

[0029] Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 1 partial enlarged schematic view at B of.

[0030] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the longitudinal prestress fastening structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the invert filling precast block structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the water channel grille structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 6 sectional view taken along line D-D of.

[0034] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the drainage port shielding component structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the shutter initial component structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 is the present invention Figure 1 partial enlarged schematic view at C of.

[0037] Figure 11 is a partial enlarged schematic view of location E of the present invention Figure 9 .

[0038] In the figure: 1, invert box-shaped lining precast block; 2, curved wall lining precast block; 3, arc-shaped lining precast block; 4, concave-convex tenon connection structure; 41, first tenon; 42, first groove; 43, second tenon; 44, second groove; 51, first bolt connection joint; 6, socket joint structure; 61, first inclined bolt; 62, second inclined bolt; 63, third inclined bolt; 64, fourth inclined bolt; 7, longitudinal prestress fastening structure; 71, longitudinal reserved hole; 72, prestressed steel bar; 73, anchor; 8, invert filling precast block; 9, central water channel; 10, shaft; 11, drain pipe; 12, water channel grille; 13, placement groove; 14, drain opening; 151, shutter; 152, transmission rod; 153, first bearing; 154, gear; 16, initial shutter assembly; 161, first housing; 162, rack; 163, second housing; 164, movable rod; 165, first connecting rod; 167, fixed limit plate; 168, movable limit plate; 169, first spring; 1610, second spring; 17, elastic force release assembly; 171, first cylinder body; 172, first piston; 173, second movable rod; 174, support plate; 175, water absorption member; 176, third spring; 177, gas transmission pipe; 179, second piston; 1710, third movable rod; 1711, first guide rod; 178, second cylinder body; 18, second placement groove; 19, third placement groove; 20, displacement magnification assembly; 201, lead screw; 202, first thread; 203, second thread; 204, third thread; 205, first ball nut block; 206, second ball nut block; 207, third ball nut block; 208, second connecting rod; 209, third connecting rod; 21, arc-shaped waterproof layer; 22, first longitudinal waterproof strip; 23, second longitudinal waterproof strip; 24, arc-shaped waterproof strip; 25, first lapping protrusion; 26, first lapping groove; 27, second lapping protrusion; 28, inspection access; 29, cover plate; 30, second drain pipe. Specific embodiments

[0039] The following further elaborates the present application in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than limiting the invention. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0040] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will elaborate on the present application in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] The present invention provides a support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function. Referring to Figure 1 , it includes an inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1 arranged at the bottom of the tunnel, curved wall lining precast blocks 2 arranged on both side walls of the tunnel, and an arc-shaped lining precast block 3 arranged at the top of the tunnel. The inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1 is connected to the curved wall lining precast blocks 2, and the ends of the curved wall lining precast blocks 2 and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 are respectively connected through connectors. The connectors include a concave-convex tenon connection structure 4, a bolt connection joint structure, and a socket joint structure 6. Adjacent inverted arch box-shaped lining precast blocks 1, adjacent curved wall lining precast blocks 2, and adjacent arc-shaped lining precast blocks 3 are respectively connected through a longitudinal prestress fastening structure 7; on the upper end surface of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, inverted arch filling precast blocks 8 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. On the end surfaces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks 8 close to each other, a central drainage ditch 9 is arranged. On the ends of the upper end surfaces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks 8 away from each other, vertical shafts 10 are respectively arranged. The bottom of the vertical shaft 10 is communicated with the central drainage ditch 9 through a drain pipe 11. The longitudinal direction of the tunnel is the longitudinal direction. The inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the arc-shaped lining precast block 3, and the two curved wall lining precast blocks 2 jointly form an annular protective lining structure to realize the support of the inner wall of the tunnel. The annular protective lining structure is sequentially laid along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and connected through the longitudinal prestress fastening structure 7, which improves the standardization degree of tunnel construction compared with in-situ casting construction, has more reliable quality, reduces the workload of in-tunnel construction, and improves construction efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, as a specific implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the concave-convex tenon connection structure 4 includes a first convex tenon 41 and a first groove 42 that are longitudinally arranged and tenoned with each other, and a second convex tenon 43 and a second groove 44 that are tenoned with each other. A plurality of the first convex tenons 41 are evenly arranged at the left and right ends of the upper end surface of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1. A plurality of the first grooves 42 are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the two curved wall lining precast blocks 2. A plurality of the second convex tenons 43 are evenly arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped lining precast block 3. A plurality of the second grooves 44 are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the two curved wall lining precast blocks 2. The setting of the tenon structure facilitates the assembly between the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast blocks 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3.

[0044] Furthermore, as a specific implementation manner, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the bolt connection joint structure includes a first bolt connection joint 51, a second bolt connection joint which are longitudinally arranged and connected to each other, and a third bolt connection joint, a fourth bolt connection joint which are connected to each other. A plurality of the first bolt connection joints 51 are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side surfaces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1. A plurality of the second bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks 2. The first bolt connection joint 51 and the second bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts. A plurality of the third bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the outer side surfaces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks 2. A plurality of the fourth bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at both ends of the outer side surface of the arched lining precast block 3. The third bolt connection joint and the fourth bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts. The connection between the first bolt connection joint 51 and the second bolt connection joint and the connection between the third bolt connection joint and the fourth bolt connection joint can be realized through the fastening bolts, further enhancing the assembly stability among the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arched lining precast block 3.

[0045] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the socket joint structure 6 includes a first inclined bolt 61, a second inclined bolt 62 which are longitudinally arranged in a staggered manner, and a third inclined bolt 63, a fourth inclined bolt 64 which are longitudinally arranged in a staggered manner. Oblique bolt holes are provided on the inner walls and end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arched lining precast block 3. The oblique bolt holes on the inner wall of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1 communicate with the oblique bolt holes on the lower end face of the curved wall lining precast block 2 for filling the first inclined bolt 61. The oblique bolt holes on the lower inner side surface of the curved wall lining precast block 2 communicate with the oblique bolt holes on the upper end face of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1 for filling the second inclined bolt 62. The oblique bolt holes on the upper inner side surface of the curved wall lining precast block 2 communicate with the oblique bolt holes on both end faces of the arched lining precast block 3 for filling the third inclined bolt 63. The oblique bolt holes at both ends of the inner side surface of the arched lining precast block 3 communicate with the oblique bolt holes on the upper end face of the curved wall lining precast block 2 for filling the fourth inclined bolt 64. Further enhancing the assembly stability among the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arched lining precast block 3.

[0046] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4, the longitudinal prestressed fastening structure 7 includes longitudinal reserved holes 71 penetrating through the longitudinal end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3. A plurality of corresponding longitudinal reserved holes 71 are fastened by prestressed steel bars 72 and anchor fittings 73. One end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 along their longitudinal direction is provided with a first lapping protrusion 25 communicated with the longitudinal reserved holes 71, and the other end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 along their longitudinal direction is provided with a first lapping groove 26 communicated with the longitudinal reserved holes 71. The prestressed steel bars 72 are respectively applied to the longitudinal connection of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3. After the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 produced in the prefabrication yard are transported to the construction site, after the transverse connection work of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 is completed, the prestressed steel bars 72 are inserted into the longitudinal reserved holes 71 of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3, and tension is applied to the steel bars at one end of the structure, so that the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 are longitudinally tightened to form a whole. Through prestressed fastening and tensioning, the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 are tightly connected longitudinally and can achieve the effect of integral continuous force, solving the problem of poor reliability of the force at the joints of the assembled structure. The prestressed steel bars 72 penetrate through the entire inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3. Compared with bolt connection and prestressed steel strands, it can provide greater stiffness, effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration, and can give full play to the performance of the materials.

[0047] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 1 , arc-shaped waterproof layers 21 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer side surfaces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3, improving the waterproof performance of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3.

[0048] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5, a plurality of first longitudinal waterproof strips 22 are also provided at the mortise positions of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1 and the curved wall lining precast block 2, and a plurality of second longitudinal waterproof strips 23 are also provided at the mortise positions of the curved wall lining precast block 2 and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3. Arc-shaped waterproof strips 24 are respectively arranged on the two end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 along their longitudinal directions. Further improve the waterproof performance of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3.

[0049] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 1 , second overlapping protrusions 27 are respectively arranged on one end face of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 along their longitudinal directions, and second overlapping grooves that overlap with the second overlapping protrusions 27 are respectively arranged on the other end face of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3 along their longitudinal directions. Enhance the longitudinal stability of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block 1, the curved wall lining precast block 2, and the arc-shaped lining precast block 3.

[0050] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 5 , a maintenance access port 28 communicating with the central water channel 9 is also arranged between the upper end faces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks 8, and a cover plate 29 is arranged on the maintenance access port 28. A maintenance access port 28 is arranged at each certain distance, and it is not arranged on each inverted arch filling precast block 8.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The present invention provides a tunnel prefabricated lining structure support system with a fast laying function. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, a placement groove 13 for placing the water channel grille 12 is arranged at the position of the upper end face of the inverted arch filling precast block 8 at the port of the shaft 10. The water channel grille 12 is provided with drainage ports 14 distributed in a rectangular array, and the water channel grille 12 is also provided with a flipable drainage port shielding component for dynamically shielding the drainage ports 14. The drainage port shielding component includes a shielding plate 151 arranged inside the drainage port 14, a shielding plate initial component 16 for dynamically maintaining the shielding plate 151 in a horizontal state, and an elastic force release component 17 for making the shielding plate 151 in a vertical state when drainage is required. In the case of no water condition, its shielding plate 151 is in a horizontal state at the position of the drainage port 14, realizing the shielding of the drainage port 14, reducing the entry of external sundries and dust into the shaft 10 to block the drain pipe 11, and being able to reduce the diffusion of the peculiar smell inside the central water channel 9 to the tunnel through the shaft 10, and facilitating the assembly with the inverted arch filling precast block 8.

[0053] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a plurality of the baffles 151 in the same row are connected by a transmission rod 152. The axial direction of the transmission rod 152 is arranged along the width direction of the water channel grille 12. The left and right end portions of the transmission rod 152 are respectively connected to the left and right side surfaces of the water channel grille 12 through first bearings 153. One end portion of the transmission rod 152 also penetrates through the side surface of the water channel grille 12 and extends to the outside and is coaxially provided with a gear 154. A plurality of the transmission rods 152 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille 12, that is, a plurality of the gears 154 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille 12. The rotation of the gear 154 around the axis can drive the transmission rod 152 to rotate around the axis. The rotation of the transmission rod 152 can drive the baffle 151 to rotate by a certain angle, and the rotation angle of the baffle 151 is 0-90 degrees.

[0054] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the baffle initial assembly 16 includes a first housing 161. A second placement groove 18 for placing the first housing 161 is further provided on the upper end surface of the invert filling precast block 8. The length direction of the first housing 161 is arranged along the length direction of the water channel grille 12 and is arranged on the side surface of the water channel grille 12 close to the gear 154. A rack 162 meshing with a plurality of the gears 154 is arranged inside the first housing 161 along its length direction. A second housing 163 is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the first housing 161 along its length direction. A movable rod 164 is arranged inside the second housing 163 along its length direction. A first connecting rod 165 for connecting with the rack 162 is arranged in the middle of the movable rod 164. A fixed limit plate 167 and a movable limit plate 168 are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the movable rod 164 inside the upper end of the second housing 163. The movable limit plate 168 is connected to the inside of the second housing 163 through an elastic force release assembly 17. A compressed first spring 169 is sleeved on the part of the movable rod 164 between the fixed limit plate 167 and the first connecting rod 165. A compressed second spring 1610 is sleeved on the part of the movable rod 164 between the movable limit plate 168 and the first connecting rod 165; the compression amounts of the first spring 169 and the second spring 1610 are the same, and the first spring 169 and the second spring 1610 are springs of the same specification. In the initial state, that is, in the case of no water situation, at this time, both the first spring 169 and the second spring 1610 are in a semi-compressed state, and the movable rod 164 is in dynamic rest. At this time, the baffle 151 is in a horizontal state to block the drain port 14.

[0055] Further, as a specific implementation manner, refer toFigure 10 and Figure 11, the elastic force release assembly 17 includes a first cylinder 171 arranged vertically and a second cylinder 178 arranged horizontally. A third placement groove 19 for receiving the first cylinder 171 is provided on the upper end surface of the inverted arch filling precast block 8. A second drain pipe 30 is also connected between the lower end surface of the third placement groove 19 and the shaft 10. A first piston 172 is fitted inside the first cylinder 171. A second movable rod 173 is vertically upwardly provided on the upper end surface of the first piston 172. The upper end portion of the second movable rod 173 penetrates through the upper end surface of the first cylinder 171 and a support plate 174 is horizontally arranged. A water absorption member 175 is provided on the upper end surface of the support plate 174. A third spring 176 is also sleeved on the portion of the second movable rod 173 outside the first cylinder 171. An air delivery pipe 177 is connected between the lower end portion of the first cylinder 171 and the second cylinder 178. The second cylinder 178 is arranged inside the second housing 163 and along the axial direction of the movable rod 164. A second piston 179 is fitted inside the second cylinder 178. A third movable rod 1710 is horizontally arranged on the side surface of the second piston 179 away from the air delivery pipe 177. The other end of the third movable rod 1710 penetrates through the end surface of the second cylinder 178 and is connected to the movable limit plate 168. The upper end surface of the support plate 174 is flush with the upper port of the third placement groove 19. The water absorption member 175 is a sponge. When a water situation occurs, after the sponge of the water absorption member 175 absorbs water, it becomes heavier and compresses the third spring 176, and the second movable rod 173 moves downward, thereby driving the first piston 172 to move downward, so that the gas in the first cylinder 171 below the first piston 172 is pressed into the second cylinder 178 through the air delivery pipe 177. The increased air pressure inside the second cylinder 178 can make the second piston 179 move towards the movable limit plate 168, and then through the third movable rod 1710, the movable limit plate 168 moves in the direction away from the air delivery pipe 177, thereby realizing the release of the elastic force of the second spring 1610. The elastic force of the second spring 1610 is less than the elastic force of the first spring 169, so that the movable rod 164 moves in the direction close to the movable limit plate 168, thereby driving the first connecting rod 165 and the rack 162 to move, and then driving the gear 154 to rotate, realizing the flipping of the shutter 151, and finally, with the reset of the first spring 169, the shutter 151 is tilted to open the drain port 14, facilitating the tunnel water to reach the central drainage ditch 9 through the drain port 14 and the shaft 10. And the maximum displacement of the first piston 172 just makes the shutter 151 flip to the vertical state. When the water situation ends, as the water in the sponge evaporates, the third spring 176 resets, making the first piston 172 move upward, and then the gas inside the second cylinder 178 enters the first cylinder 171, making the second piston 179 return to the initial state, making the second spring 1610 and the first spring 169 return to the initial state, and then making the movable rod 164 and the shutter 151 return to the initial state.

[0056] Furthermore, a plurality of first guide rods 1711 are provided between one end face of the second cylinder block 178 away from the gas pipeline 177 and the second housing 163. The axial direction of the first guide rods 1711 is parallel to the axial direction of the movable rod 164. A plurality of first guide holes adapted to the first guide rods 1711 are provided on the movable limit plate 168. The stability of the movable limit plate 168 during movement is improved.

[0057] Embodiment 3

[0058] The present invention provides a support system for a tunnel prefabricated lining structure with a rapid laying function. Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 On the basis of Embodiment 2, a displacement amplification assembly 20 is further provided in the second housing 163. The displacement amplification assembly 20 includes a lead screw 201. The axial direction of the lead screw 201 is arranged along the length direction of the second housing 163. Both ends of the lead screw 201 are respectively connected to the side surface of the second housing 163 through bearings. A first thread 202 is provided in the middle of the lead screw 201. Second threads 203 and third threads 204 are respectively provided at both ends of the lead screw 201. A first ball nut block 205 is adapted to the first thread 202. A second ball nut block 206 is adapted to the second thread 203. A third ball nut block 207 is adapted to the third thread 204. One end of the first connecting rod 165 away from the movable rod 164 is connected to the first ball nut block 205. The second ball nut block 206 is connected to the rack 162 through a second connecting rod 208. The third ball nut block 207 is connected to the rack 162 through a third connecting rod 209. The helix directions of the first thread 202, the second thread 203, and the third thread 204 are the same. The pitch of the first thread 202 is smaller than the pitch of the second thread 203. The pitch of the second thread 203 is the same as the pitch of the third thread 204. When a water situation occurs, the release of the elastic force of the second spring 1610 and the elastic force generated by the first spring 169 restoring its original state cause the movable rod 164 to move in the direction close to the movable limit plate 168, thereby driving the first connecting rod 165 to move in the direction close to the movable limit plate 168, and further driving the first ball nut block 205 to move in the direction close to the movable limit plate 168. The small displacement of the first ball nut block 205 can cause the second ball nut block 206 and the third ball nut block 207 to move a relatively large displacement in the direction close to the movable limit plate 168, realizing the flipping of the shutter 151 until it is in the vertical state. It can realize the large-angle opening of the shutter 151 through the displacement amplification assembly 20 under the condition of a small water situation, reduce the displacement of the first piston 172, that is, reduce the amount of water absorption required by the sponge, and improve the opening accuracy of the shutter 151.

[0059] Further, a second guide rod is also disposed in the second housing 163. The axial direction of the second guide rod is parallel to the axial direction of the lead screw 201. Second guide holes adapted to the second guide rod are provided on the first ball nut block 205, the second ball nut block 206, and the third ball nut block 207. The stability of the first ball nut block 205, the second ball nut block 206, and the third ball nut block 207 during movement is improved.

[0060] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0061] The above-described embodiments only represent the implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function, characterized in that It includes an inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1) provided at the bottom of the tunnel, a curved wall lining precast block (2) provided on both side walls of the tunnel, and an arc-shaped lining precast block (3) provided at the top of the tunnel. The inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1) is connected to the curved wall lining precast block (2), and between the ends of the curved wall lining precast block (2) and the arc-shaped lining precast block (3) respectively through connectors. The connectors include a concave-convex tenon connection structure (4), a bolt connection joint structure, and a socket joint structure (6). Between adjacent inverted arch box-shaped lining precast blocks (1), between adjacent curved wall lining precast blocks (2), and between adjacent arc-shaped lining precast blocks (3) are respectively connected through a longitudinal prestressed fastening structure (7); on the upper end surface of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), inverted arch filling precast blocks (8) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. On one end surface of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks (8) close to each other, a central water channel (9) is provided. On the upper end surfaces of the two inverted arch filling precast blocks (8) at the ends far from each other, vertical shafts (10) are respectively provided. The bottom of the vertical shaft (10) is connected to the central water channel (9) through a drain pipe (11). At the position of the port of the vertical shaft (10) on the upper end surface of the inverted arch filling precast block (8), a placement groove (13) for placing a water channel grille (12) is provided. The water channel grille (12) is provided with drain ports (14) distributed in a rectangular array. The water channel grille (12) is also provided with a turnable drain port shielding member for dynamically shielding the drain ports (14). The drain port shielding member includes a shutter (151) provided inside the drain port (14), a shutter initial assembly (16) for dynamically maintaining the shutter (151) in a horizontal state for shielding, and an elastic force release assembly (17) for making the shutter (151) in a vertical state when drainage is required; A plurality of the baffles (151) in the same row are connected by a transmission rod (152). The axial direction of the transmission rod (152) is arranged along the width direction of the water channel grille (12). The left and right end portions of the transmission rod (152) are respectively connected to the left and right side surfaces of the water channel grille (12) through first bearings (153). One end portion of the transmission rod (152) also penetrates through the side surface of the water channel grille (12) and extends to the outside, and a gear (154) is coaxially arranged thereon. The plurality of transmission rods (152) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille (12), that is, the plurality of gears (154) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the water channel grille (12). The baffle initial assembly (16) includes a first housing (161). The length direction of the first housing (161) is arranged along the length direction of the water channel grille (12) and is arranged on one side surface of the water channel grille (12) close to the gear (154). A rack (162) meshing with the plurality of gears (154) is arranged inside the first housing (161) along its length direction. A second housing (163) is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the first housing (161) along its length direction. A movable rod (164) is arranged inside the second housing (163) along its length direction. A first connecting rod (165) for connecting with the rack (162) is arranged in the middle of the movable rod (164). A fixed limiting plate (167) and a movable limiting plate (168) are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the movable rod (164) inside the upper end of the second housing (163). The movable limiting plate (168) is connected to the inside of the second housing (163) through an elastic force release assembly (17). A compressed first spring (169) is sleeved on the part of the movable rod (164) between the fixed limiting plate (167) and the first connecting rod (165). A compressed second spring (1610) is sleeved on the part of the movable rod (164) between the movable limiting plate (168) and the first connecting rod (165).The elastic force release component (17) includes a first cylinder body (171) arranged vertically and a second cylinder body (178) arranged horizontally. A third placement groove (19) for receiving the first cylinder body (171) is provided on the upper end surface of the invert filling precast block (8). A first piston (172) is fitted inside the first cylinder body (171). A second movable rod (173) is vertically upwardly arranged on the upper end surface of the first piston (172). The upper end portion of the second movable rod (173) penetrates through the upper end surface of the first cylinder body (171) and a support plate (174) is horizontally arranged. A water absorbent member (175) is arranged on the upper end surface of the support plate (174). A third spring (176) is also sleeved on the portion of the second movable rod (173) outside the first cylinder body (171). An air delivery pipe (177) is communicated between the lower end portion of the first cylinder body (171) and the second cylinder body (178). The second cylinder body (178) is arranged inside the second housing (163) and along the axial direction of the movable rod (164). A second piston (179) is fitted inside the second cylinder body (178). A third movable rod (1710) is horizontally arranged on the side surface of the second piston (179) away from the air delivery pipe (177). The other end of the third movable rod (1710) penetrates through the end surface of the second cylinder body (178) and is connected to the movable limit plate (168).; 2. The tunnel precast lining structure support system with a fast laying function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concave-convex tenon connection structure (4) includes a first male tenon (41) and a first female groove (42) longitudinally arranged and mortised with each other, and a second male tenon (43) and a second female groove (44) mortised with each other. A plurality of the first male tenons (41) are evenly arranged at the left and right end parts of the upper end surface of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1). A plurality of the first female grooves (42) are evenly arranged at the lower end parts of the two curved wall lining precast blocks (2). A plurality of the second male tenons (43) are evenly arranged at the two end parts of the arc-shaped lining precast block (3). A plurality of the second female grooves (44) are evenly arranged at the upper end parts of the two curved wall lining precast blocks (2).

3. The support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast laying function according to claim 1, wherein The bolt connection joint structure includes a first bolt connection joint (51), a second bolt connection joint which are longitudinally arranged and connected to each other, and a third bolt connection joint, a fourth bolt connection joint which are connected to each other. A plurality of the first bolt connection joints (51) are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the left and right side surfaces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1). A plurality of the second bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the lower ends of the outer side surfaces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks (2). The first bolt connection joint (51) and the second bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts. A plurality of the third bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at the upper ends of the outer side surfaces of the two curved wall lining precast blocks (2). A plurality of the fourth bolt connection joints are evenly arranged at both ends of the outer side surface of the arched lining precast block (3). The third bolt connection joint and the fourth bolt connection joint are connected by a plurality of fastening bolts.

4. A support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a rapid laying function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The socket joint structure (6) includes a first inclined bolt (61), a second inclined bolt (62) which are longitudinally arranged in a staggered manner, and a third inclined bolt (63), a fourth inclined bolt (64) which are longitudinally arranged in a staggered manner. Inclined bolt holes are provided on the inner walls and end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arched lining precast block (3). The inclined bolt holes on the inner wall of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1) communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the lower end face of the curved wall lining precast block (2) for filling the first inclined bolt (61). The inclined bolt holes on the lower inner side of the curved wall lining precast block (2) communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the upper end face of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1) for filling the second inclined bolt (62). The inclined bolt holes on the upper inner side of the curved wall lining precast block (2) communicate with the inclined bolt holes on both end faces of the arched lining precast block (3) for filling the third inclined bolt (63). The inclined bolt holes on both ends of the inner side of the arched lining precast block (3) communicate with the inclined bolt holes on the upper end face of the curved wall lining precast block (2) for filling the fourth inclined bolt (64).

5. The support system for the tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function according to claim 1, wherein The longitudinal prestressed fastening structure (7) includes longitudinal reserved holes (71) penetrating through the longitudinal end faces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arched lining precast block (3). A plurality of corresponding longitudinal reserved holes (71) are fastened by prestressed steel bars (72) and anchor fittings (73). One end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arched lining precast block (3) along their longitudinal directions is provided with a first overlapping protrusion (25) communicating with the longitudinal reserved holes (71). The other end of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arched lining precast block (3) along their longitudinal directions is provided with a first overlapping groove (26) communicating with the longitudinal reserved holes (71).

6. The support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a fast-laying function according to claim 1, characterized in that Arc-shaped waterproof layers (21) are respectively arranged on the inner and outer side surfaces of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arched lining precast block (3).

7. The support system for a tunnel precast lining structure with a rapid laying function according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of first longitudinal waterproof strips (22) are also provided at the tenoning positions of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1) and the curved wall lining precast block (2), and a plurality of second longitudinal waterproof strips (23) are also provided at the tenoning positions of the curved wall lining precast block (2) and the arc-shaped lining precast block (3). Arc-shaped waterproof strips (24) are respectively arranged at both end faces along the longitudinal direction of the inverted arch box-shaped lining precast block (1), the curved wall lining precast block (2), and the arc-shaped lining precast block (3).

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