Method, control method and system for monitoring a wind turbine generator system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a monitoring method, a control method and a system for a wind turbine generator set, the wind turbine generator set comprising a generator, a nacelle and a specific component; the specific component is used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring method comprises: acquiring a monitoring signal of the wind turbine generator set; in response to the monitoring signal being a rotating speed signal of the generator, extracting a first target signal in the rotating speed signal, and determining a vibration amplitude of the specific component according to the first target signal, the first target signal comprising a characteristic frequency of the specific component; in response to the monitoring signal being a vibration acceleration signal of the nacelle, extracting a second target signal in the vibration acceleration signal, and determining a vibration amplitude of the nacelle based on the second target signal. According to the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the vibration amplitude of the nacelle, the wind turbine generator set can be better monitored, and the occurrence of accidents such as collapse of the wind turbine generator set can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a monitoring method, control method and system for wind turbine generator sets. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbines are crucial for achieving sustainable development and the green energy transition, converting wind energy into electricity. To increase energy conversion efficiency, wind turbine blades are becoming increasingly longer. However, this can lead to greater vibrations during operation, potentially causing turbine collapses and other accidents. Therefore, preventing wind turbine collapses has become a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this disclosure is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the vibration amplitude of wind turbine generators may become increasingly large during the operation phase, which may lead to accidents such as wind turbine generator collapse. This disclosure provides a monitoring method, control method and system for wind turbine generators.

[0004] This disclosure solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, a monitoring method for a wind turbine generator set is provided, the wind turbine generator set including a generator, a nacelle, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring method includes:

[0006] Acquire the monitoring signals of the wind turbine generator set;

[0007] In response to the monitoring signal being the speed signal of the generator, a first target signal is extracted from the speed signal, and the vibration amplitude of the specific component is determined based on the first target signal, wherein the first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component;

[0008] In response to the monitoring signal being a vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, a second target signal is extracted from the vibration acceleration signal, and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is determined based on the second target signal.

[0009] Optionally, extracting the first target signal from the rotational speed signal includes:

[0010] The rotational speed signal is input to a first filter, the center frequency and damping parameters of which are matched with the characteristic frequency of the specific component, so as to extract a first target signal that matches the characteristic frequency.

[0011] Optionally, the specific component includes the blades of the wind turbine generator set and / or the transmission chain of the wind turbine generator set; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the transmission chain; wherein, the rotational frequency of the blade is the frequency at which the blade rotates n revolutions, and n is a positive integer;

[0012] The extraction of the first target signal from the rotation speed signal includes:

[0013] For each characteristic frequency, the rotational speed signal is filtered by a first filter that matches the characteristic frequency to extract the corresponding first target signal. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter match the characteristic frequency of the first target signal.

[0014] Determining the vibration amplitude of the specific component based on the first target signal includes:

[0015] Calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal to obtain the first amplitude fluctuation.

[0016] The vibration amplitude of the specific component is determined based on the first amplitude fluctuation amount, wherein the magnitude of the first amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0017] Optionally, extracting the second target signal from the vibration acceleration includes:

[0018] The vibration acceleration signal is input to a second filter with different moving average times for filtering to obtain a second target signal corresponding to the second amplitude fluctuation and each moving average time; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

[0019] Optionally, determining the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal includes:

[0020] The vibration amplitude of the cabin is determined based on the second amplitude fluctuation amount; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0021] Optionally, the control method includes:

[0022] The vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle is determined according to the monitoring method of the wind turbine generator set described in any one of the above-mentioned methods;

[0023] Based on the vibration amplitude, a control strategy matching the vibration amplitude is implemented on the wind turbine generator set.

[0024] Optionally, the step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude includes:

[0025] In response to the vibration amplitude of the specific component meeting a first preset condition, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to alarm and enter a safety mode; wherein, the first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval; the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safety mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0026] Optionally, the step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude includes:

[0027] If the sliding average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle meet the second preset condition, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to alarm and enter a safe mode; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or reduced capacity operation;

[0028] The second preset condition includes at least one of the following:

[0029] The sliding average time is a first value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a third vibration amplitude threshold.

[0030] The sliding average time is a second value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fourth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0031] The sliding average time is the third value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to the fifth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0032] The first value, the second value, and the third value decrease sequentially;

[0033] The third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase sequentially.

[0034] Optionally, the step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude further includes:

[0035] In response to the wind turbine generator entering the safe mode for a target duration, it is determined whether to control the wind turbine generator to exit the safe mode based on the vibration amplitude.

[0036] Thirdly, a monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set is provided, characterized in that the wind turbine generator set includes a generator, a nacelle, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring system includes:

[0037] The acquisition module is used to acquire the monitoring signals of the wind turbine generator set;

[0038] The first response module, in response to the monitoring signal being the speed signal of the generator, extracts a first target signal from the speed signal and determines the vibration amplitude of the specific component based on the first target signal, wherein the first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component;

[0039] The second response module, in response to the monitoring signal being a vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, extracts a second target signal from the vibration acceleration signal and determines the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal.

[0040] Optionally, the first response module includes:

[0041] The first extraction unit inputs the rotational speed signal to a first filter, wherein the center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter are matched with the characteristic frequency of the specific component, so as to extract a first target signal that matches the characteristic frequency.

[0042] Optionally, the specific component includes the blades of the wind turbine generator set and / or the transmission chain of the wind turbine generator set; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the transmission chain; wherein, the rotational frequency of the blade is the frequency at which the blade rotates n revolutions, and n is a positive integer;

[0043] The first response module includes:

[0044] The second extraction unit is used to filter the rotational speed signal for each characteristic frequency using a first filter that matches the characteristic frequency, so as to extract the corresponding first target signal. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter match the characteristic frequency of the first target signal.

[0045] Optionally, the first response module also includes:

[0046] The calculation unit is used to calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal to obtain the first amplitude fluctuation.

[0047] The first determining unit is configured to determine the vibration amplitude of the specific component based on the first amplitude fluctuation amount, wherein the magnitude of the first amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0048] Optionally, the second response module includes:

[0049] The processing unit is used to input the vibration acceleration signal into a second filter with different moving average times for filtering processing, so as to obtain a second target signal corresponding to the second amplitude fluctuation amount and each moving average time; wherein, the second amplitude fluctuation amount is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

[0050] Optionally, the second response module also includes:

[0051] The second determining unit is used to determine the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second amplitude fluctuation amount; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0052] Fourthly, a control system for a wind turbine generator set is provided, characterized in that the control system comprises:

[0053] A determination module is used to determine the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle according to the monitoring method of the wind turbine generator set described in any one of the above-mentioned methods;

[0054] An execution module is configured to implement a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude. Optionally, the execution module includes:

[0055] A first response unit, in response to the vibration amplitude of the specific component meeting a first preset condition, controls the wind turbine generator set to alarm and controls the wind turbine generator set to enter a safe mode; wherein, the first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval; the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0056] Optionally, the execution module includes:

[0057] The second response unit, in response to the sliding average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle meeting a second preset condition, controls the wind turbine generator to alarm and controls the wind turbine generator to enter a safe mode; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or reduced capacity operation;

[0058] The second preset condition includes at least one of the following:

[0059] The sliding average time is a first value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a third vibration amplitude threshold.

[0060] The sliding average time is a second value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fourth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0061] The sliding average time is the third value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to the fifth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0062] The first value, the second value, and the third value decrease sequentially;

[0063] The third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase sequentially.

[0064] Optionally, the execution module also includes:

[0065] The third response unit, in response to the wind turbine generator set entering the safe mode for the target duration, determines whether to control the wind turbine generator set to exit the safe mode based on the vibration amplitude.

[0066] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of this disclosure.

[0067] The positive and progressive effects of this disclosure are as follows: Since the vibration state of specific components and the vibration state of the nacelle are direct reflections of the vibration state of the wind turbine generator set, the vibration amplitude of specific components can be accurately determined based on the first target signal extracted from the generator speed signal, and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle can be accurately determined based on the second target signal extracted from the nacelle vibration acceleration signal. Therefore, the wind turbine generator set can be better monitored based on the vibration amplitude of the components and / or the vibration amplitude of the nacelle, which can more effectively prevent accidents such as wind turbine generator set collapse. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 A flowchart of a monitoring method for a wind turbine generator set provided in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure;

[0069] Figure 2 A flowchart of a control method for a wind turbine generator set provided in Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0070] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the control strategy for a wind turbine generator set based on the vibration amplitude determined by a first target signal in a control method for a wind turbine generator set according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0071] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the control strategy for a wind turbine generator set based on the vibration amplitude determined by a second target signal in a control method for a wind turbine generator set according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system for a wind turbine generator provided in Embodiment 3 of this disclosure;

[0073] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control system of a wind turbine generator set provided in Embodiment 4 of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The present disclosure is further illustrated below by way of embodiments, but the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0075] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" used in this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not limit the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the described objects. The use of ordinal numbers and other prefixes used to distinguish descriptive objects in this disclosure does not constitute a limitation on the described objects. The description of the described objects is given in the context of the embodiments, and the use of such prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] In order to effectively prevent accidents such as wind turbine collapse, Embodiment 1 of this disclosure provides a monitoring method for wind turbines. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a monitoring method for a wind turbine generator set according to Embodiment 1 of this disclosure. The wind turbine generator set includes a generator, a nacelle, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 101: Obtain the monitoring signal of the wind turbine generator set.

[0079] In addition to the generator, nacelle, and specific components, a wind turbine generator set also includes a hub. These specific components can be at least one of blades or a drive train. The wind turbine blades receive wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy via the hub and drive train, which then transmits this mechanical energy to the generator, which in turn converts it into electrical energy. The monitoring signals can be the generator's rotational speed and / or the nacelle's vibration acceleration.

[0080] Step 102: In response to the monitoring signal being the generator speed signal, extract the first target signal from the speed signal, and determine the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on the first target signal. The first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component.

[0081] The first target signal can be one or multiple. Since the characteristic frequencies of different specific components in the generator speed signal are different, the required first target signal can be extracted from the generator speed signal according to the characteristic frequency of the required specific component.

[0082] Since the wind energy received by the blades is transmitted to the generator through the drivetrain, the generator's rotational speed signal can reflect the rotational speed of a specific component (at least one of the blades and the drivetrain) to a certain extent. Therefore, the characteristic frequencies of the blades and / or the drivetrain can be extracted from the generator's rotational speed signal. Thus, by simply monitoring the generator's rotational speed signal, the vibration amplitude of the blades and / or the drivetrain can be obtained, allowing for a more comprehensive monitoring of the wind turbine generator set.

[0083] Step 103: In response to the monitoring signal being the vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, extract the second target signal from the vibration acceleration signal, and determine the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal.

[0084] The second target signal can be one or more. The vibration acceleration signal can be filtered according to a preset moving average time to obtain the second target signal.

[0085] The nacelle houses the drive train, generator, and other auxiliary power generation equipment (such as converters). Therefore, the nacelle's vibration acceleration can reflect, to some extent, the vibration amplitude of the equipment housed within it, rather than the vibration amplitude of a single component. This allows for the direct installation of sensors on the nacelle to acquire its vibration acceleration, and by monitoring this acceleration, the vibration of all components within the nacelle can be monitored, resulting in more comprehensive monitoring of the wind turbine generator set.

[0086] In this embodiment, since the vibration states of specific components and the nacelle directly reflect the vibration state of the wind turbine generator set, the vibration amplitude of the specific component can be accurately determined based on the first target signal extracted from the generator's rotational speed signal, and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle can be accurately determined based on the second target signal extracted from the nacelle's vibration acceleration signal. Therefore, by monitoring the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle, the wind turbine generator set can be better monitored, and accidents such as wind turbine generator set collapse can be more effectively prevented. Furthermore, by monitoring the generator's rotational speed signal and / or vibration acceleration signal, the vibration states of specific components and / or the nacelle can be monitored separately to prevent abnormal vibrations in these components and / or the nacelle that could lead to damage.

[0087] In one embodiment, extracting the first target signal from the rotational speed signal includes:

[0088] The rotational speed signal is input to the first filter, whose center frequency and damping parameters are matched with the characteristic frequency of a specific component to extract the first target signal that matches the characteristic frequency.

[0089] In this embodiment, a first filter whose center frequency and damping parameters are matched with the characteristic frequency of a specific component can more effectively filter out noise and interference that are not related to the characteristic frequency, thereby improving the quality of the extracted first target signal.

[0090] In one embodiment, a specific component includes the blades of a wind turbine generator and / or the drive train of the wind turbine generator; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the drive train; wherein, the rotational frequency of the blade is the frequency at which the blade rotates n revolutions, where n is a positive integer. It should be noted that the rotational speed of the drive train will increase after the gearbox is introduced; therefore, preferably, the characteristic frequency of the drive train can include a first characteristic frequency and a second characteristic frequency, where the rotational frequency of the blade is the characteristic frequency of the drive train during normal operation, and the second rotational frequency is the characteristic frequency of the drive train after the gearbox is introduced. Furthermore, the frequency at which the blade rotates n revolutions can be the np characteristic frequency of the blade (np represents the nth order, i.e., the reciprocal of the time required for the wind turbine to rotate n revolutions, where n is a positive integer). Numbers. For example, 1p represents the first order, i.e., the wind turbine rotates. (Reciprocal of the time required for one revolution). In-plane characteristic frequencies of the blade. The frequency signal can refer to the characteristic frequency in the blade plane, which is the natural vibration frequency of the blade in the in-plane direction.

[0091] In one embodiment, a specific component includes the blades of a wind turbine generator and / or the transmission chain of a wind turbine generator; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least two of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the transmission chain.

[0092] It should be noted that since the rotational frequency of the blade refers to the np characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade can also refer to at least one of the 1p characteristic frequency, ..., xp characteristic frequency of the blade, where x∈[1,n]. Therefore, the first target signal can also be at least two of the rotational frequencies of the blade, for example, the first target signal can be the 1p characteristic frequency and the 2p characteristic frequency of the blade. Similarly, the first target signal can also be the first characteristic frequency and the second characteristic frequency of the transmission chain.

[0093] Extracting the first target signal from the rotational speed signal includes: for each characteristic frequency, filtering the rotational speed signal using a first filter matched to the characteristic frequency to extract the corresponding first target signal. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter are matched to the first filter, allowing the characteristic frequency extraction to proceed synchronously, thus improving the efficiency of the first target signal extraction. Furthermore, using a first filter whose center frequency and damping parameters match the characteristic frequency of a specific component can more effectively filter out noise and interference unrelated to the characteristic frequency, thereby improving the quality of the extracted first target signal.

[0094] In one embodiment, determining the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on a first target signal includes:

[0095] S1: Calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal to obtain the first amplitude fluctuation.

[0096] Preferably, the root mean square (RMS) filtering technique can be used to calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal. RMS filtering is a common signal processing technique that is usually used to calculate the "effective value" or "root mean square value" of the first target signal. The obtained RMS is used to characterize the signal energy or power of the first target signal.

[0097] S2: Determine the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on the first amplitude fluctuation amount, wherein the magnitude of the first amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0098] In this embodiment, the first amplitude fluctuation obtained by calculating the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal can better assess the average energy level of the first target signal, and can also better remove noise and interference from the first target signal while retaining its main characteristics, making the first target signal purer. This, in turn, can more accurately reflect the vibration amplitude of specific components, thereby improving the accuracy of wind turbine monitoring.

[0099] In one embodiment, extracting the second target signal from the vibration acceleration includes:

[0100] The vibration acceleration signal is input into a second filter with different moving average times for filtering to obtain the second target signal corresponding to the second amplitude fluctuation and each moving average time; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

[0101] For example, if different moving average times are set to 1 second, 5 seconds, and 10 seconds, the corresponding second filter will take points on the vibration acceleration signal with different moving average times, such as 1 second / time, 5 seconds / time, and 10 seconds / time. Therefore, different second filters will output second target signals with different amplitude fluctuations. Furthermore, the second filter will remove the spikes in the vibration acceleration signal to make the obtained second target signal smoother.

[0102] In this embodiment, the second target signal with different second amplitude fluctuations can capture the vibration amplitude reflected by the vibration acceleration signal at different scales (e.g., frequency scale, amplitude scale, energy scale, impact force scale, time scale, waveform scale) so as to perform multi-scale analysis of the vibration acceleration signal, thereby making the determined cabin vibration amplitude more accurate.

[0103] In one embodiment, determining the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal includes: determining the vibration amplitude of the cabin according to a second amplitude fluctuation; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second amplitude fluctuation can better reflect the vibration acceleration signal of the nacelle, and thus more accurately reflect the vibration amplitude of the wind turbine generator set, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring the wind turbine generator set.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] Embodiment 2 of this disclosure provides a control method for a wind turbine generator set. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a control method for a wind turbine generator provided in Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. The control method includes:

[0107] Step 201: Determine the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the cabin.

[0108] The vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or nacelle is determined by the monitoring method of the wind turbine generator provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] Step 202: Based on the vibration amplitude, implement a control strategy for the wind turbine generator that matches the vibration amplitude.

[0110] In this embodiment, by controlling the wind turbine generator set with the vibration amplitude matching control strategy, the vibration of the wind turbine generator set during operation can be effectively suppressed. This not only avoids the collapse of the wind turbine generator set due to excessive vibration amplitude, but also improves the operational stability of the unit.

[0111] In one embodiment, controlling the wind turbine generator includes:

[0112] In response to the vibration amplitude of a specific component meeting a first preset condition, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to alarm and enter a safe mode; wherein, the first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval, or the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; and the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0113] For example, if the rotational speed of a specific component is 0.01 rpm under normal operating conditions and suddenly increases to 1 rpm, the vibration amplitude of that specific component will suddenly increase. This sudden increase indicates that the wind turbine generator set is likely to have a problem. Therefore, in this case, an alarm should be triggered at a short interval, such as 1 second, and the wind turbine generator set should be controlled to enter a safe mode in a timely manner to remind maintenance personnel to solve the problem as soon as possible and prevent the wind turbine generator set from continuing to operate and causing it to collapse.

[0114] For example, if a specific component operates at a speed of 0.3 rpm under normal conditions, but increases to 0.4 rpm, the vibration amplitude of that component might only increase slightly. This might not indicate a problem with the wind turbine generator, but rather a normal fluctuation in speed. Therefore, continued monitoring is necessary. If the speed remains at 0.4 rpm for 10 seconds (the second time interval), it suggests a potential problem with the wind turbine generator. In this case, an alarm can be triggered, and the wind turbine generator can be put into a safe mode to alert maintenance personnel to resolve the issue as soon as possible and prevent the wind turbine generator from collapsing due to continued operation.

[0115] It should be noted that, in response to the vibration amplitude of a specific component meeting the first preset condition, the alarm for controlling the wind turbine generator set means that if the vibration amplitude of a specific component meets any one of the first preset conditions, an alarm will be issued indicating that the vibration of that specific component is abnormal. For example, if the characteristic frequency in the blade surface is greater than 1 revolution / second and lasts for 5 seconds, the alarm will indicate that the blade is vibrating abnormally.

[0116] In this embodiment, the wind turbine generator set is controlled in stages according to different vibration amplitudes. Different control strategies can be adopted to control the wind turbine generator set according to the response of the vibration amplitude, so as to promptly remind maintenance personnel to solve the problem as soon as possible and prevent the wind turbine generator set from continuing to operate and causing it to collapse, thereby improving the operational safety of the wind turbine generator set.

[0117] In one embodiment, a control strategy matching the vibration amplitude is implemented on the wind turbine generator, including:

[0118] In response to the moving average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle satisfying the second preset condition, control the wind turbine to alarm and control the wind turbine to enter the safety mode; wherein, the safety mode includes shutdown or derating operation; wherein, the second preset condition includes at least one of the following: the moving average time is the first value and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle is greater than or equal to the third vibration amplitude threshold; the moving average time is the second value and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle is greater than or equal to the fourth vibration amplitude threshold; the moving average time is the third value and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle is greater than or equal to the fifth vibration amplitude threshold; the first value, the second value, and the third value decrease in sequence; the third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase in sequence.

[0119] For example, to ensure the safety and stability of the operation of the wind turbine, the key vibration alarm thresholds can be set as the third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold according to actual needs. The moving average time can be t1 (the first value) > t2 (the second value) > t3 (the third value), and the key vibration alarm thresholds vibrate_limit1 (the third vibration amplitude threshold) < vibrate_limit2 (the fourth vibration amplitude threshold) < vibrate_limit3 (the fifth vibration amplitude threshold).

[0120] It should be noted that the smaller the moving average time, the greater the fluctuation of the corresponding second target signal after filtering processing, and the greater the fluctuation of the vibration amplitude of the nacelle determined according to the second target signal.

[0121] In addition, controlling the wind turbine to alarm in response to the moving average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle satisfying the second preset condition means that if it is monitored that the vibration amplitude of the nacelle satisfies any one of the second preset conditions, a prompt of abnormal vibration of the nacelle will be issued.

[0122] Therefore, when the moving average time is t3, for example, t3 = 1 second, the corresponding second filter samples the vibration acceleration signal of the nacelle at a frequency of 1 second / time. In this way, the fluctuation of the obtained second target signal is the largest, and the fluctuation of the vibration amplitude of the corresponding nacelle is the largest. Therefore, a relatively large vibrate_limit3 (the fifth vibration amplitude threshold) needs to be set for it. This can not only prevent miscontrol of the wind turbine but also timely warn of potential vibration problems of the wind turbine, avoiding damage to the structural components of the wind turbine due to problems such as wind condition changes.

[0123] When the moving average time is t2, for example, t2 = 5 seconds, the corresponding second filter takes points of the vibration acceleration signal of the nacelle at a frequency of 5 seconds / time. The fluctuation of the second target signal obtained in this way is moderate, and the fluctuation of the vibration amplitude of the corresponding nacelle is also moderate. Therefore, it is necessary to set a moderate vibrate_limit2 (fourth vibration amplitude threshold). This can not only prevent the wind turbine generator from being erroneously controlled, but also provide timely warning of potential vibration problems of the wind turbine generator, and avoid damage to the structural components of the wind turbine generator due to changes in wind conditions.

[0124] When the moving average time is t1, for example, t1 = 10 seconds, the corresponding second filter takes points of the nacelle vibration acceleration signal at a frequency of 10 seconds / time. This results in the smallest fluctuation of the second target signal and the smallest fluctuation of the corresponding nacelle vibration amplitude. Therefore, a small vibrate_limit1 (third vibration amplitude threshold) needs to be set for it. This not only prevents erroneous control of the wind turbine generator, but also ensures that timely measures are taken when any abnormal vibration occurs.

[0125] It should be noted that for all alarm levels, any abnormal vibration amplitude will trigger an alarm, and if any two or three are abnormal at the same time, an alarm will be triggered simultaneously.

[0126] In this embodiment, graded alarms are implemented based on the amplitude fluctuations of different vibration levels. Different control strategies can be adopted to control the wind turbine generator according to the vibration amplitude, promptly alerting maintenance personnel to resolve issues and preventing the generator from collapsing due to continued operation. Furthermore, it provides early warning of potential vibration problems in the wind turbine generator, avoiding damage to structural components due to changes in wind conditions, thereby improving the operational safety of the wind turbine generator.

[0127] In one embodiment, the steps of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator that matches the vibration amplitude include:

[0128] In response to the wind turbine generator entering the safe mode for the target duration, the system determines whether to control the wind turbine generator to exit the safe mode based on the vibration amplitude.

[0129] To prevent wind turbine generators from frequently entering safety mode, a target duration can be set, for example, 10 minutes. The generator must remain in safety mode for at least 10 minutes before exiting. If any of the aforementioned alarms is triggered again within 10 minutes, the timer will reset.

[0130] In addition, before exiting the safe mode, it is necessary to consider not only whether the target duration has been reached, but also whether the various indicators of the wind turbine generator are abnormal based on the vibration amplitude (any one of the conditions that causes the alarm in the above embodiment is an abnormal indicator of the wind turbine generator). Only if all indicators meet the corresponding conditions can the wind turbine generator exit the safe mode.

[0131] In this embodiment, when a wind turbine is in frequent safe mode, its mechanical components experience accelerated wear due to stress changes during start-up and shutdown. Therefore, setting a target duration can reduce this frequent start-up and shutdown, thereby extending the service life of the wind turbine. The wind turbine can only exit safe mode when all its indicators meet the corresponding conditions and the target duration is reached. This ensures that the wind turbine does not frequently enter and exit safe mode, and that all its indicators are normal when exiting safe mode, thus preventing operational safety issues.

[0132] In one embodiment, Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the control strategy for a wind turbine generator set based on the vibration amplitude determined by the first target signal in a control method for a wind turbine generator set according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure. Figure 3 The control method for the wind turbine generator set disclosed herein is further explained.

[0133] S1: Extract the first target signal from the engine speed signal.

[0134] The characteristic frequencies corresponding to the first target signal include at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the transmission chain.

[0135] S2: Calculate the root mean square of the first target signal to obtain the energy signal of the first target signal.

[0136] The energy signal of the first target signal is used to characterize the first amplitude fluctuation of the first target signal.

[0137] S3: Determine the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on the energy signal of the first target signal.

[0138] S4: Determine whether the vibration amplitude of a specific component meets the first preset condition.

[0139] In step S4, if the judgment result is yes, then step S5 is executed; if the judgment result is no, then the wind turbine generator set is controlled to operate normally.

[0140] The first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of a specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval; the vibration amplitude of a specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safety mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0141] S5: Controls the wind turbine generator set to alarm and enters safe mode.

[0142] It should be noted that the safe mode is either reduced capacity operation or shutdown.

[0143] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the control strategy for a wind turbine generator set based on the vibration amplitude determined by a second target signal in a control method for a wind turbine generator set according to Embodiment 2 of this disclosure; combined with... Figure 4 The control method for the wind turbine generator set disclosed herein is further explained.

[0144] S1: Extract the second target signal from the vibration acceleration signal of the cabin.

[0145] The vibration acceleration signal is input into a second filter with different moving average times for filtering to obtain the second target signal.

[0146] S2: Determine the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal.

[0147] S3: Determine whether the sliding average time and the vibration amplitude of the cabin meet the second preset condition.

[0148] In step S3, if the judgment result is yes, then step S4 is executed; if the judgment result is no, then the wind turbine generator is controlled to operate normally.

[0149] The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: the sliding average time is a first value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a third vibration amplitude threshold; the sliding average time is a second value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fourth vibration amplitude threshold; the sliding average time is a third value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fifth vibration amplitude threshold; the first value, the second value, and the third value decrease sequentially; the third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase sequentially.

[0150] S4: Controls the wind turbine generator set to alarm and enters safe mode.

[0151] It should be noted that the safe mode is either reduced capacity operation or shutdown.

[0152] Example 3

[0153] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of the wind turbine generator monitoring method, this disclosure also provides an embodiment of a wind turbine generator monitoring system, which is used to implement the wind turbine generator monitoring method provided in any of the above embodiments. The wind turbine generator includes a generator, a nacelle, wind turbine blades, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring system includes:

[0154] Acquisition module 51 is used to acquire monitoring signals from the wind turbine generator set;

[0155] The first response module 52, in response to the monitoring signal being the generator speed signal, extracts the first target signal from the speed signal and determines the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on the first target signal. The first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component.

[0156] The second response module 53, in response to the monitoring signal being the vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, extracts the second target signal from the vibration acceleration signal and determines the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal.

[0157] Optionally, the first response module 52 includes:

[0158] The first extraction unit inputs the rotational speed signal to the first filter. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter are matched with the characteristic frequency of a specific component to extract the first target signal that matches the characteristic frequency.

[0159] Optionally, the specific components include the blades of the wind turbine generator and / or the drive train of the wind turbine generator; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the drive train; wherein, the rotational frequency of the blade is the frequency of the blade rotating n revolutions, where n is a positive integer; the first response module 52 includes:

[0160] The second extraction unit is used to filter the rotation speed signal for each characteristic frequency using a first filter that matches the characteristic frequency, so as to extract the corresponding first target signal. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter match the characteristic frequency of the first target signal.

[0161] Optionally, the first response module 52 further includes:

[0162] The calculation unit is used to calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal to obtain the first amplitude fluctuation.

[0163] The first determining unit is used to determine the vibration amplitude of a specific component based on the first amplitude fluctuation amount, wherein the magnitude of the first amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0164] Optionally, the second response module 53 includes:

[0165] The processing unit is used to input the vibration acceleration signal into a second filter with different moving average times for filtering processing, so as to obtain the second amplitude fluctuation amount and the second target signal corresponding to each moving average time; wherein, the second amplitude fluctuation amount is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

[0166] Optionally, the second response module 53 further includes:

[0167] The second determining unit is used to determine the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second amplitude fluctuation amount; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

[0168] Example 4

[0169] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of the wind turbine generator control method, this disclosure also provides an embodiment of a wind turbine generator control system. This wind turbine generator control system is used to implement the wind turbine generator control method provided in any of the above embodiments. The control system includes:

[0170] The determination module 61 is used to determine the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle according to the monitoring method of the wind turbine generator provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0171] An execution module 62 is configured to execute a control strategy on the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude. Optionally, the execution module 62 includes:

[0172] A first response unit, in response to the vibration amplitude of the specific component meeting a first preset condition, controls the wind turbine generator set to alarm and controls the wind turbine generator set to enter a safe mode; wherein, the first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval; the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

[0173] Optionally, the execution module 62 includes:

[0174] The second response unit, in response to the sliding average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle meeting a second preset condition, controls the wind turbine generator to alarm and controls the wind turbine generator to enter a safe mode; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or reduced capacity operation;

[0175] The second preset condition includes at least one of the following:

[0176] The sliding average time is a first value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a third vibration amplitude threshold.

[0177] The sliding average time is a second value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fourth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0178] The sliding average time is the third value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to the fifth vibration amplitude threshold.

[0179] The first value, the second value, and the third value decrease sequentially;

[0180] The third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase sequentially.

[0181] Optionally, the execution module 62 further includes:

[0182] The third response unit, in response to the wind turbine generator set entering the safe mode for the target duration, determines whether to control the wind turbine generator set to exit the safe mode based on the vibration amplitude.

[0183] For the system embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this disclosure according to actual needs.

[0184] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this disclosure, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for wind turbine generator sets, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes a generator, a nacelle, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring method includes: Acquire the monitoring signals of the wind turbine generator set; In response to the monitoring signal being the speed signal of the generator, a first target signal is extracted from the speed signal, and the vibration amplitude of the specific component is determined based on the first target signal, wherein the first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component; In response to the monitoring signal being a vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, a second target signal is extracted from the vibration acceleration signal, and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is determined based on the second target signal; The extraction of the second target signal from the vibration acceleration includes: The vibration acceleration signal is input to a second filter with different moving average times for filtering to obtain a second target signal corresponding to the second amplitude fluctuation and each moving average time; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

2. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction of the first target signal from the rotation speed signal includes: The rotational speed signal is input to a first filter, the center frequency and damping parameters of which are matched with the characteristic frequency of the specific component, so as to extract a first target signal that matches the characteristic frequency.

3. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific component includes the blades of the wind turbine generator set and / or the transmission chain of the wind turbine generator set; the characteristic frequency corresponding to the first target signal includes at least one of the in-plane characteristic frequency of the blade, the rotational frequency of the blade, and the characteristic frequency of the transmission chain; The extraction of the first target signal from the rotation speed signal includes: For each characteristic frequency, the rotational speed signal is filtered by a first filter that matches the characteristic frequency to extract the corresponding first target signal. The center frequency and damping parameters of the first filter match the characteristic frequency of the first target signal.

4. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the vibration amplitude of the specific component based on the first target signal includes: Calculate the root mean square of the amplitude of the first target signal to obtain the first amplitude fluctuation. The vibration amplitude of the specific component is determined based on the first amplitude fluctuation amount, wherein the magnitude of the first amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

5. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal includes: The vibration amplitude of the cabin is determined based on the second amplitude fluctuation amount; wherein the second amplitude fluctuation amount is positively correlated with the vibration amplitude.

6. A control method for a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The control method includes: The monitoring method for wind turbine generator sets according to any one of claims 1-5 determines the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle; Based on the vibration amplitude, a control strategy matching the vibration amplitude is implemented on the wind turbine generator set.

7. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude includes: In response to the vibration amplitude of the specific component meeting a first preset condition, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to alarm and enter a safety mode; wherein, the first preset condition includes at least one of the following: the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a first vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a first time interval; the vibration amplitude of the specific component is greater than or equal to a second vibration amplitude threshold and lasts for a second time interval; wherein, the safety mode includes shutdown or de-capacity operation; the first vibration amplitude threshold is greater than the second vibration amplitude threshold; the first time interval is less than the second time interval.

8. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude includes: If the sliding average time and the vibration amplitude of the nacelle meet the second preset condition, the wind turbine generator set is controlled to alarm and enter a safe mode; wherein, the safe mode includes shutdown or reduced capacity operation; The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: The sliding average time is a first value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a third vibration amplitude threshold. The sliding average time is a second value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to a fourth vibration amplitude threshold. The sliding average time is the third value and the vibration amplitude of the cabin is greater than or equal to the fifth vibration amplitude threshold. The first value, the second value, and the third value decrease sequentially; The third vibration amplitude threshold, the fourth vibration amplitude threshold, and the fifth vibration amplitude threshold increase sequentially.

9. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of implementing a control strategy for the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude includes: In response to the wind turbine generator entering the safe mode for a target duration, it is determined whether to control the wind turbine generator to exit the safe mode based on the vibration amplitude.

10. A monitoring system for a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes a generator, a nacelle, and specific components; the specific components are used to drive the generator to generate electricity; the monitoring system includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the monitoring signals of the wind turbine generator set; The first response module, in response to the monitoring signal being the speed signal of the generator, extracts a first target signal from the speed signal and determines the vibration amplitude of the specific component based on the first target signal, wherein the first target signal includes the characteristic frequency of the specific component; The second response module, in response to the monitoring signal being a vibration acceleration signal of the cabin, extracts a second target signal from the vibration acceleration signal and determines the vibration amplitude of the cabin based on the second target signal; The second response module includes: The processing unit is used to input the vibration acceleration signal into a second filter with different moving average times for filtering processing, so as to obtain a second target signal corresponding to the second amplitude fluctuation amount and each moving average time; wherein, the second amplitude fluctuation amount is negatively correlated with the magnitude of the moving average time.

11. A control system for a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The control system includes: A determination module is used to determine the vibration amplitude of the specific component and / or the nacelle using the monitoring method of the wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1-5; An execution module is used to execute a control strategy on the wind turbine generator set that matches the vibration amplitude.

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