A recoil mechanism for a rapid-fire artillery piece

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of barrel buffers or braking devices that allow recoil or return to a ready-to-fire state, and particularly to a recoil-reversing device for rapid-fire artillery. The recoil-reversing device for rapid-fire artillery includes a pressure ring for connecting to the artillery's automatic mechanism and an elastic buffer for connecting to the cradle. The elastic buffer includes a connecting cylinder, a buffer spring installed inside the connecting cylinder, and a buffer sleeve passing through the buffer spring. The rear end of the buffer spring is fixed relative to the connecting cylinder, and the front end is abutted against the connecting cylinder. The buffer sleeve has a shoulder for pressing the front end of the buffer spring backward. A damping buffer is connected to the front end of the elastic buffer. The damping buffer includes a cylinder and a damping piston. The piston rod of the damping piston is fixedly connected to the inner connector, and the rear end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer connector. The recoil-reversing device for rapid-fire artillery of this invention can rapidly reduce recoil force, thereby reducing the impact and vibration experienced by the recoil-reversing device and the overall cradle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of barrel buffers or braking devices that allow recoil or return to a ready-to-fire state, and more particularly to a recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery piece. Background Technology

[0002] Rapid-fire artillery, a new type of artillery characterized by its light weight, high mobility, and high rate of fire, plays a vital role in modern warfare. In combat, rapid-fire artillery primarily relies on its automatic firing mechanism, which enables automatic firing and plays a crucial role in the military field. The automatic firing mechanism mainly includes key components such as the firing mechanism, safety mechanism, ammunition feeding and conveying mechanism, and recoil mechanism. When the artillery fires, the propellant gases act on the barrel, and the resulting force in the barrel causes the barrel to move in the opposite direction to the projectile's motion, known as recoil. After firing, the barrel returns from the recoil-terminating position to the ready-to-fire position, known as forward motion. The energy generated by the recoil is absorbed by the recoil mechanism and converted into energy for forward motion. During this process, the recoil mechanism precisely controls the recoil and forward motion of the artillery, ensuring that the artillery maintains high efficiency, stability, and accuracy throughout firing.

[0003] The most commonly used high-buffering energy-absorbing adaptive compensation technology in recoil reduction devices is spring buffering technology. Spring buffering technology uses the elastic deformation of springs to absorb and store impact energy. It is suitable for recoil reduction devices that require simple control and low cost. However, the buffering effect of springs is limited, and they are prone to rebound and resonance. Long-term use may lead to spring fatigue and deformation, affecting the buffering effect. To address this problem, existing technologies have proposed controllable bidirectional damping braking and buffering technology. This technology utilizes controllable damping elements to adjust the magnitude and direction of the damping force, optimizing the buffering effect. It is suitable for recoil devices requiring precise control and efficient buffering. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN118936231A, published on November 12, 2024, discloses a continuous firing recoil buffering device. This buffering device includes a connector, a guide rod, and a cylinder assembly. The connector is connected to one end of the cylinder assembly and is used for connection to a machine gun. One end of the guide rod is fixed to the connector, and the other end passes through the cylinder assembly along its axial direction. The cylinder assembly also contains a piston cylinder and two elastic buffer components. The piston cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the guide rod, and the two elastic buffer components are both sleeved on the guide rod and located at both ends of the piston cylinder. One end of each elastic buffer component is fixed to the piston cylinder, and the other end is fixed to the cylinder assembly. In its initial state, the piston cylinder is located in the middle of the cylinder assembly, dividing the inner cavity of the cylinder assembly into two chambers. Both chambers are sealed and filled with damping grease. Simultaneously, the outer circumference of the piston cylinder has spiral grooves for filling the damping grease, with both ends of the spiral grooves connected to the two chambers respectively. The damping grease wraps around the piston cylinder and the elastic buffer. When the guide rod moves the piston cylinder, the damping grease can enter the spiral grooves. When the machine gun fires, the recoil force on the joint acts on the guide rod, causing the piston cylinder to recoil. The elastic buffer absorbs the energy generated by the recoil motion and gradually stops the guide rod from recoiling. The elastic buffer converts the absorbed energy into the energy of the recoil motion. As the recoil motion energy is released, the guide rod returns to its initial position, and the elastic buffer also returns to its initial position, ensuring the next shot. Throughout the recoil and return process, the piston rod moves with the guide rod, and the damping grease in the spiral grooves on the piston rod provides buffering force, making the recoil and return smooth.

[0004] The above scheme does not specify the initial state of the two elastic buffers. When the two elastic buffers are in a pre-compressed (pre-stretched) state initially, the piston cylinder remains stationary under the opposing restoring forces of the two elastic buffers. However, when the guide rod is subjected to recoil force and moves away from the joint along the axial direction of the cylinder assembly, only the elastic buffers away from (closer to) the joint are further compressed (stretched) to buffer the recoil force. The elastic buffers close to (away from) the joint will first return from the compressed (stretched) state to the relaxed state and then be stretched. The elastic buffers, which are closer to (away from) the joint, first assist the recoil of the guide rod, then provide resistance. This is not conducive to buffering and weakening the recoil force, resulting in a decrease in the firing accuracy of the artillery. In addition, when the two elastic buffers are in a relaxed state in the initial state, they cannot provide buffering force to the guide rod at the moment the guide rod is subjected to recoil. This causes the instantaneous recoil force to act entirely on the guide rod, resulting in a large impact and vibration on the anti-recoil device and the frame. This makes the firing accuracy of the artillery poor and the stability of the firing line of fire poor during continuous firing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a recoil mechanism for rapid-fire artillery, which aims to solve the problem that the recoil force acts entirely on the guide rod, resulting in the recoil mechanism and frame being subjected to large impacts and vibrations, leading to poor firing accuracy of the artillery and poor stability of the firing line during continuous firing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A recoil mechanism for rapid-fire artillery includes a pressure ring for connecting the artillery's automatic mechanism and an elastic buffer for connecting the cradle. The elastic buffer includes a connecting cylinder, a buffer spring installed inside the connecting cylinder, and a buffer sleeve passing through the buffer spring. The rear end of the buffer spring is fixed relative to the connecting cylinder, and the front end is mounted on the connecting cylinder. The buffer sleeve has a shoulder for pressing the front end of the buffer spring backward. A support rod is fixedly mounted radially on the connecting cylinder. The support rod has a forward-facing inner connector located inside the buffer sleeve. The front end of the buffer sleeve has an outer connector, and an elongated hole is provided after the outer connector to avoid the support rod. A damping buffer is connected to the front end of the elastic buffer. The damping buffer includes a cylinder and a damping piston. The piston rod of the damping piston is fixedly connected to the inner connector, and the rear end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer connector.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer sleeve is provided with a front retaining ring and a rear retaining ring, and the buffer spring is located between the front retaining ring and the rear retaining ring. The front retaining ring is engaged with the shoulder of the buffer sleeve, and the rear end of the buffer sleeve is threadedly connected to a locking sleeve. The front end of the locking sleeve is mounted on the rear retaining ring and forms a preload on the buffer spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylinder body includes an outer cylinder and a front end plug and a rear end plug that are sealed and mounted on the outer cylinder. The rear end plug is fixed to the outer connector. The damping piston is mounted inside the outer cylinder, and the rear end of the piston rod of the damping piston passes through the rear end plug and is fixed to the inner connector.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer cylinder is provided with a liquid-filled chamber, and a damping piston divides the liquid-filled chamber into two chambers. The damping piston is provided with multiple axially arranged damping holes, which connect the two chambers.

[0011] Furthermore, a valve disc is connected to the rear end of the damping piston. The valve disc is correspondingly arranged with the damping hole. A spring retaining ring is fixed on the piston rod of the damping piston, and a valve spring is provided between the spring retaining ring and the valve disc.

[0012] Furthermore, the piston rod of the damping piston is provided with a front throttling hole and a rear throttling hole that penetrate the piston rod radially. The piston rod is also provided with an axial hole that extends axially and communicates with both the front throttling hole and the rear throttling hole. A needle valve rod is assembled in the axial hole. The piston rod serves as the valve body of the needle valve rod and together with the needle valve rod, they form an adjusting needle valve. There is a gap between the needle tip of the needle valve rod and the wall of the axial hole. This gap, together with the front throttling hole and the rear throttling hole, forms a fluid flow channel.

[0013] Furthermore, a temperature rise regulator is connected to the front end of the cylinder body. The temperature rise regulator includes an adjusting valve body and a core rod. The adjusting valve body is connected between the pressure ring and the front end screw plug. The core rod is axially fixed in the adjusting valve body and connected to the front end screw plug. A receiving cavity is provided between the adjusting valve body and the core rod. An adjusting spring and an adjusting piston located in the receiving cavity are sleeved on the core rod. The adjusting piston is located close to the front end screw plug. An adjusting hole is provided on the front end screw plug to connect the liquid receiving cavity and the receiving cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the adjusting spring is in contact with the adjusting piston, and the other end is fixed relative to the valve body and equipped with a stop ring, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the core rod.

[0015] Furthermore, a guide tube is provided between the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder. One end of the guide tube is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the other end is clearance-fitted with the connecting cylinder. The guide tube is simultaneously sleeved on the outside of both the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: The recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention is an improved invention. By connecting an elastic buffer to one end of a damping buffer and connecting a pressure ring to the artillery's automatic mechanism, the recoil force generated instantaneously by the artillery's automatic mechanism at the moment of firing acts on the cylinder of the damping buffer. The rear end of the cylinder is fixed to the outer joint of the buffer sleeve, so the recoil force on the cylinder is transmitted to the buffer sleeve, causing the buffer sleeve to recoil. The shoulder of the buffer sleeve compresses the buffer spring. During this process, the connecting cylinder, the inner joint fixedly connected by the support rod, and the piston rod of the damping piston fixed to the inner joint remain stationary. The elongated hole on the buffer sleeve can avoid obstructing the support rod, preventing the support rod from blocking the recoil and return. Furthermore, due to the... The spring is in a compressed state in its initial state, providing a large reaction force at the beginning of recoil. The buffer spring generates a buffer force that is always opposite to the recoil force, which can reduce the recoil force acting on the frame during the instantaneous firing of the artillery. The buffer spring absorbs the recoil energy and converts it into recoil energy. Together with the damping buffer, it can achieve bidirectional braking of recoil and recoil, so that the artillery recoils and recoils smoothly, reducing the impact and vibration on the anti-recoil device and the frame as a whole, extending its service life, improving the firing accuracy and combat performance of the artillery automatic mechanism, and enhancing the stability of the firing line during continuous firing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention in its initial state.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic buffer in one embodiment of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the damped recoil brake in one embodiment of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the temperature rise regulator in one embodiment of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the recoil mechanism for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention in the recoil state.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention in the recoil state.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Pressure ring; 2. Elastic damper; 3. Connecting cylinder; 4. Buffer spring; 5. Buffer sleeve; 6. Shoulder; 7. Support rod; 8. Inner connector; 9. Outer connector; 10. Elongated hole; 11. Damping damper; 12. Damping piston; 13. Piston rod; 14. Front retaining ring; 15. Rear retaining ring; 16. Locking sleeve; 17. Outer cylinder; 18. Front screw plug; 19. Rear screw plug; 20. Liquid receiving chamber; 21. 21. Damping orifice; 22. Injection orifice; 23. Injection plug; 24. Valve disc; 25. Spring retaining ring; 26. Valve spring; 27. Front throttling orifice; 28. Rear throttling orifice; 29. ​​Axial orifice; 30. Needle stem; 31. Spacing; 32. Temperature rise regulator; 33. Regulating valve body; 34. Core rod; 35. Receiving cavity; 36. Regulating spring; 37. Regulating piston; 38. Stop ring; 39. Guide cylinder; 40. End cap. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0025] Recoil is the most significant load during artillery firing. Excessive recoil can cause substantial impact on the gun barrel and mount, affecting their service life. Traditionally, recoil reduction is achieved using springs to buffer it. However, the buffering effect of springs is limited. Consequently, damping buffering technology was developed, which uses damping elements to buffer recoil. Springs are placed on both sides of the damping element to work in conjunction with the damping element to buffer recoil. However, placing springs at both ends of the damping element does not significantly reduce or mitigate recoil. In one case, one of the two springs will always provide assistance rather than resistance to the recoil. In another case, the springs do not resist the instantaneous recoil generated by the artillery firing. Both of these situations will result in significant impact on the gun barrel and mount, which is detrimental to the accuracy of artillery firing. To avoid these situations, a buffer spring can be connected to one side of the damping element to form a controllable damping braking hybrid spring buffering technology. This ensures that the buffering force of the buffer spring is always opposite to the recoil force, thus buffering and reducing the recoil. Based on the above inventive concept, the present invention proposes an anti-recoil device, which connects a buffer spring to one side of a damping element so that both recoil and recovery can proceed smoothly.

[0026] Embodiments of the recoil device for rapid-fire artillery of the present invention:

[0027] See Figures 1 to 2As a basic embodiment of the present invention, the recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery piece includes a pressure ring 1 for connecting the artillery automatic mechanism and an elastic buffer 2 for connecting the cradle. The cradle provides support for the artillery automatic mechanism and the recoil device. The elastic buffer 2 includes a connecting cylinder 3, a buffer spring 4 installed in the connecting cylinder 3, and a buffer sleeve 5 passing through the buffer spring 4. The buffer sleeve 5 can recoil or return along the axial direction of the connecting cylinder 3. The rear end of the buffer spring 4 is fixed relative to the connecting cylinder 3, and the front end is mounted on the connecting cylinder 3. The buffer sleeve 5 is provided with a shoulder 6 for pressing the front end of the buffer spring 4 backward. The connecting cylinder 3 has a axial direction along the connecting cylinder 3. A support rod 7 is fixedly mounted on the buffer sleeve 5. The support rod 7 has a forward-facing inner connector 8 located within the buffer sleeve 5. An outer connector 9 is located at the front end of the buffer sleeve 5, and an elongated hole 10 is located after the outer connector 9 to avoid the support rod 7. A damping buffer 11 is connected to the front end of the elastic buffer 2. The damping buffer 11 is used to receive the recoil force generated when the cannon fires. The damping buffer 11 includes a cylinder and a damping piston 12. The piston rod 13 of the damping piston 12 is fixedly connected to the inner connector 8, and the rear end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer connector 9. By connecting the elastic buffer 2 to the damping buffer... One end of the impactor 11 is connected to the pressure ring 1 and the automatic gun mechanism, so that the recoil force generated by the automatic gun mechanism at the moment of firing acts on the cylinder of the damping buffer 11. The rear end of the cylinder is fixed to the outer connector 9 of the buffer sleeve 5, so the recoil force on the cylinder is transmitted to the buffer sleeve 5 and drives the buffer sleeve 5 to recoil. The shoulder 6 of the buffer sleeve 5 compresses the buffer spring 4. During this process, the connecting cylinder 3, the inner connector 8 fixedly connected by the support rod 7, and the piston rod 13 of the damping piston 12 fixed to the inner connector 8 remain stationary. The elongated hole 10 on the buffer sleeve 5 can avoid the support rod 7 and prevent the support from being supported. Rod 7 blocks recoil and return, and the buffer force generated by buffer spring 4 is always opposite to the recoil force, which can reduce the recoil force acting on the frame during the instant of artillery firing. Buffer spring 4 absorbs recoil energy and converts it into return energy. At the same time, in conjunction with the damping piston 12 in the damping buffer 11, it can achieve bidirectional braking of recoil and return, so that the artillery recoils and returns smoothly, reduces the impact and vibration on the anti-recoil device and the frame as a whole, extends its service life, improves the firing accuracy and combat performance of the artillery automatic mechanism, and enhances the stability of the firing line during continuous firing.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer sleeve 5 is provided with a front retaining ring 14 and a rear retaining ring 15. The buffer spring 4 is located between the front retaining ring 14 and the rear retaining ring 15. The front retaining ring 14 is engaged with the shoulder 6 of the buffer sleeve 5. The rear end of the buffer sleeve 5 is threadedly connected to a locking sleeve 16. The front end of the locking sleeve 16 is mounted on the rear retaining ring 15 and forms a preload on the buffer spring 4. The locking sleeve 16 can provide initial pressure to the buffer spring 4, so that the buffer spring 4 has an initial preload. When the artillery fires, the instantaneous recoil force generated can be buffered by the buffer spring 4 in the first instant. By placing the buffer spring 4 between the front retaining ring 14 and the rear retaining ring 15, it is possible to buffer the recoil force. The positions of the front and rear ends of the spring 4 are restricted. When the buffer sleeve 5 recoils, the shoulder 6 on the buffer sleeve 5 pushes the front retaining ring 14, thereby compressing the buffer spring 4. The buffer spring 4 absorbs the recoil energy and converts it into recoil energy. When the recoil force gradually decreases, the buffer spring 4 recoils under the action of recoil energy. The buffer spring 4 pushes the front retaining ring 14 in the opposite direction, and the front retaining ring 14 pushes the shoulder 6 in the opposite direction, thereby driving the buffer sleeve 5 to move in the opposite direction and realize recoil. In this embodiment, an end cap 40 is also installed between the locking sleeve 16 and the connecting cylinder 3. The end cap 40 and the locking sleeve 16 are threadedly connected, which can provide guidance and support for the axial movement of the locking sleeve 16.

[0029] See Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder includes an outer cylinder 17 and a front end screw plug 18 and a rear end screw plug 19 sealed on the outer cylinder 17. The rear end screw plug 19 is fixed to the outer connector 9 of the buffer sleeve 5. The damping piston 12 is installed inside the outer cylinder 17. The rear end of the piston rod 13 of the damping piston 12 passes through the rear end screw plug 19 and is fixed to the inner connector 8 provided inside the buffer sleeve 5. When the outer cylinder 17 recoils due to the recoil force generated by the firing of the cannon automatic mechanism, the front end screw plug 18 and the rear end screw plug 19 recoil accordingly. The rear end screw plug 19 drives the buffer sleeve 5 to recoil through the outer connector 9 fixedly connected to it. The damping piston 12 is fixed to the inner connector 8 through the piston rod 13. The inner connector 8 is fixed to the connecting cylinder 3 through the support rod 7. Therefore, the piston rod 13 and the damping piston 12 remain stationary during recoil.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer cylinder 17 is provided with a liquid-holding chamber 20. A damping piston 12 divides the liquid-holding chamber 20 into two chambers. The damping piston 12 is provided with a plurality of axially arranged damping holes 21, which connect the two chambers. The two chambers correspond to the front screw plug 18 and the rear screw plug 19, respectively. When the outer cylinder 17 is subjected to recoil force, both the front screw plug 18 and the rear screw plug 19 move with the outer cylinder 17. The front screw plug 18 squeezes the liquid in the corresponding chamber, and the liquid in the chamber is squeezed into the damping hole 21 and flows out from the damping hole 21. The liquid flows into another chamber, ensuring consistent pressure between the two chambers. The flow of liquid along the damping orifice 21 buffers the recoil force, gradually reducing the recoil force on the outer cylinder 17. In this embodiment, two injection holes 22 are provided on the outer cylinder 17, each communicating with one of the two chambers. An injection plug 23 is sealed inside each injection hole 22 to prevent leakage. In this embodiment, the liquid injected into both chambers is a recoil-inhibiting fluid, which can transmit pressure, has a high boiling point, and effectively slows down the recoil speed of the cylinder. In other embodiments, oil or other high-boiling-point liquids can also be injected into the two chambers to prevent excessive expansion of the liquid in both chambers during continuous firing.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a valve disc 24 is connected to the rear end of the damping piston 12. The valve disc 24 is correspondingly arranged with the damping hole 21. A spring retaining ring 25 is fixed on the piston rod 13 of the damping piston 12. A valve spring 26 is provided between the spring retaining ring 25 and the valve disc 24. In the initial state, the cylinder is not subjected to recoil force. At this time, the valve disc 24 covers the damping hole 21, the two chambers are independent of each other, and the drain fluid inside cannot flow from the damping hole 21. When the cylinder drives the front screw plug 18 and the rear screw plug 19 to recoil, the front screw plug 18 squeezes the corresponding chamber. The drain fluid in the chamber is squeezed into the damping hole 21 and pushes open the valve disc 24. At this time, the valve spring 26 is compressed and generates a restoring force, and the drain fluid flows in along the damping hole 21. In another chamber, to maintain consistent pressure between the two chambers and prevent a large pressure difference, the valve disc 24, in conjunction with the damping orifice 21, restricts the flow rate of the depressurizing fluid, thereby further buffering the recoil force on the cylinder and allowing the cylinder to recoil more smoothly. As the recoil force gradually weakens, the valve spring 26 returns to its original position under its own restoring force, and moves the valve disc 24 to cover the damping orifice 21 again, preventing the depressurizing fluid from flowing through the damping orifice 21. In addition, when the cylinder is advancing, the rear screw plug 19 squeezes the corresponding chamber, at which point the depressurizing fluid is compressed and flows in the opposite direction. The valve disc 24, under the restoring force of the valve spring 26, covers the damping orifice 21, meaning that the depressurizing fluid cannot flow through the damping orifice 21 during the advancing process.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston rod 13 of the damping piston 12 is provided with a front throttling hole 27 and a rear throttling hole 28 that radially penetrate the piston rod 13. The front throttling hole 27 is directly connected to the damping hole 21 inside the damping piston 12, and the rear throttling hole 28 is directly connected to the chamber corresponding to the rear end screw plug 19. The piston rod 13 is also provided with an axially extending axial hole 29 that is connected to both the front throttling hole 27 and the rear throttling hole 28. A needle valve rod 30 is installed in the axial hole 29. The piston rod 13 serves as the valve body of the needle valve rod 30 and together with the needle valve rod 30, they constitute an adjusting needle valve. There is a gap 31 between the needle tip of the needle valve rod 30 and the hole wall of the axial hole 29. This gap 31, together with the front throttling hole 27 and the rear throttling hole 28, constitutes a fluid flow channel. When the cylinder is seated, the flow path of the squeezed anti-retrograde fluid is twofold. The first flow path is along the damping hole 21 into another chamber, and the second flow path is from the fluid flow... The channel enters another chamber, where the squeezed repressor fluid enters the front throttle orifice 27, which is connected to the damping orifice 21, along the damping orifice 21. It then flows along the front throttle orifice 27 to the gap 31 between the needle valve stem 30 and the axial hole 29, and then along the gap 31 to the rear throttle orifice 28, which is connected to the chamber corresponding to the rear screw plug 19. Finally, it reaches the chamber corresponding to the rear screw plug 19. During the recoil process, the repressor fluid has a long flow path and a slow flow speed along the fluid flow channel, which has a good buffering effect on the recoil force. At the same time, the flow of the repressor fluid in the damping orifice 21 further improves the buffering effect on the recoil force, ensuring that the cylinder recoils smoothly. During the return process, since the valve disc 24 cannot be opened, the damping orifice 21 is covered. The repressor fluid squeezed during the return process flows in the opposite direction along the fluid flow channel to the chamber corresponding to the front screw plug 18, ensuring the stability of the cylinder during the return process.

[0033] See Figure 4In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a temperature rise regulator 32 is connected to the front end of the cylinder body. The temperature rise regulator 32 includes an adjusting valve body 33 and a core rod 34. The adjusting valve body 33 is connected between the pressure ring 1 and the front end screw plug 18. The core rod 34 is axially fixed inside the adjusting valve body 33 and connected to the front end screw plug 18. A receiving cavity 35 is provided between the adjusting valve body 33 and the core rod 34. An adjusting spring 36 and an adjusting piston 37 located in the receiving cavity 35 are sleeved on the core rod 34. The adjusting piston 37 is located close to the front end screw plug 18. The front end screw plug 18 is provided with an adjusting hole that connects the liquid receiving cavity 20 and the receiving cavity 35. When the cannon is... During continuous firing, a large amount of heat is generated, and the anti-retrograde fluid will rapidly heat up and expand. The purpose of setting the temperature rise regulator 32 is to achieve adaptive adjustment of the anti-retrograde fluid volume. That is, the heated and expanded liquid will enter the receiving cavity 35 from the adjustment hole and push the adjustment piston 37 to move axially away from the end screw plug, squeezing the adjustment spring 36. After the liquid heats up and retracts, the adjustment spring 36 resets under its own restoring force and drives the adjustment piston 37 to reset. The adjustment piston 37 squeezes the anti-retrograde fluid in the receiving cavity 35 from the adjustment hole into the anti-retrograde fluid cavity, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the anti-retrograde fluid volume.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the adjusting spring 36 is in contact with the adjusting piston 37, and the other end is fixed relative to the adjusting valve body 33 and is provided with a stop ring 38. The stop ring 38 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod 34. When the liquid is heated and expands, it enters the receiving cavity 35 from the adjusting hole and pushes the adjusting piston 37 to move towards the stop ring 38. The adjusting spring 36 is compressed and generates a restoring force, making room for the liquid to self-adjust. The end of the adjusting spring 36 connected to the stop ring 38 remains stationary. When the liquid is cooled and retracts, the adjusting spring 36 resets under its own restoring force and drives the adjusting piston 37 to reset. The adjusting piston 37 pushes the cooled liquid into the adjusting hole, so that the liquid returns to the receiving cavity 20.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guide cylinder 39 is provided between the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder 3. One end of the guide cylinder 39 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the other end is in clearance fit with the connecting cylinder 3. The guide cylinder 39 is sleeved on the outer side of both the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder 3. When the cylinder body recoils, it will drive the guide cylinder 39 to recoil. The guide cylinder 39 slides axially along the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 3 and provides guidance for the recoil of the cylinder body, so as to avoid axial displacement of the cylinder body and affect the firing trajectory of the artillery.

[0036] See Figures 5 to 6The recoil mechanism for the rapid-fire artillery of the present invention operates as follows: In the initial state, before the artillery fires, the locking sleeve 16 is screwed onto the end of the buffer sleeve 5, and a preload is applied to the buffer spring 4. When the artillery's automatic mechanism fires the artillery, the resulting recoil force directly acts on the cylinder. Under the action of the recoil force, the cylinder moves backward along the axial direction of the damping piston 12, causing the front screw plug 18 and the rear screw plug 19 to move synchronously. The front screw plug 18 squeezes the recoil fluid in the corresponding chamber, causing the recoil fluid to flow along two paths. That is, a portion of the recoil fluid is squeezed into the damping hole 21 and pushes open the valve plate 24 to flow into another chamber, while a portion of the recoil fluid is... The fluid is squeezed into the damping hole 21 and flows along the fluid channel to another chamber. Under the combined action of the two paths, the recoil force on the cylinder is gradually reduced and the cylinder can recoil smoothly. At the same time, since the buffer sleeve 5 is connected to the outer connector 9 of the rear screw plug 19, the recoil force on the cylinder is transmitted to the buffer sleeve 5 through the rear screw plug 19. At the same time, the recoil of the cylinder will drive the buffer sleeve 5 to recoil synchronously through the rear screw plug 19. At this time, the preload of the buffer spring 4 provides a large buffer force for the recoil force on the buffer sleeve 5, which can quickly reduce the recoil force on the buffer sleeve 5. At the same time, the buffer spring 4 is further compressed, and the recoil energy absorbed by the buffer spring 4 is converted into recoil energy.

[0037] As the recoil energy gradually decreases to less than the recoil energy, the buffer spring 4 begins to recoil, driving the buffer sleeve 5 and the cylinder connected to the buffer sleeve 5 via the rear end screw plug 19 to recoil in the opposite direction. During this process, the rear end screw plug 19 connected to the buffer sleeve 5 squeezes the recoil fluid in the corresponding chamber. At this time, the valve disc 24 cannot open, and the recoil fluid can only flow in the opposite direction from the fluid flow channel to the chamber away from the buffer sleeve 5. The flow of the recoil fluid will gradually weaken the recoil force of the buffer spring 4, allowing the cylinder to recoil smoothly until the recoil force of the buffer spring 4 disappears, and the cylinder returns to its initial position, preparing for the next firing of the cannon.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recoil mechanism for a rapid-fire artillery piece, comprising a pressure ring for connecting to the artillery's automatic mechanism and an elastic buffer for connecting to the cradle, characterized in that: The elastic damper includes a connecting cylinder, a buffer spring installed inside the connecting cylinder, and a buffer sleeve passing through the buffer spring. The rear end of the buffer spring is fixed relative to the connecting cylinder, and the front end is abutted against the connecting cylinder. The buffer sleeve has a shoulder for pressing the front end of the buffer spring backward. A support rod is radially fixedly mounted on the connecting cylinder. The support rod has a forward-facing inner connector located inside the buffer sleeve. The front end of the buffer sleeve has an outer connector, and an elongated hole is provided after the outer connector to avoid the support rod. A damping damper is connected to the front end of the elastic damper. The damping damper includes a cylinder and a damping piston. The piston rod of the damping piston is fixedly connected to the inner connector, and the rear end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer connector. The cylinder includes an outer cylinder and front and rear end screw plugs sealed and installed on the outer cylinder. The rear end screw plug is fixedly connected to the outer connector. The damping piston is installed inside the outer cylinder, and the rear end of the piston rod passes through the rear end plug and is fixed to the inner connector. The outer cylinder has a liquid-holding chamber divided into two chambers by the damping piston. The damping piston has multiple axial damping holes that connect the two chambers. The rear end of the damping piston is connected to a valve disc that corresponds to the damping holes. A spring retaining ring is fixed on the piston rod, and a valve spring is provided between the spring retaining ring and the valve disc. The piston rod has a front throttling hole and a rear throttling hole that penetrate the piston rod radially. It also has an axial hole that extends axially and communicates with both the front and rear throttling holes. A needle valve rod is assembled in the axial hole. The piston rod serves as the valve body of the needle valve rod and together with the needle valve rod, they form a regulating needle valve. There is a gap between the needle tip of the needle valve rod and the wall of the axial hole, which together form a liquid flow channel with the front and rear throttling holes.

2. The recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer sleeve is provided with a front retaining ring and a rear retaining ring. The buffer spring is located between the front retaining ring and the rear retaining ring. The front retaining ring is engaged with the shoulder of the buffer sleeve. The rear end of the buffer sleeve is threaded with a locking sleeve. The front end of the locking sleeve is mounted on the rear retaining ring and forms a preload on the buffer spring.

3. The recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the cylinder is connected to a temperature rise regulator, which includes an adjusting valve body and a core rod. The adjusting valve body is connected between the pressure ring and the front end screw plug. The core rod is axially fixed in the adjusting valve body and connected to the front end screw plug. A receiving cavity is provided between the adjusting valve body and the core rod. An adjusting spring and an adjusting piston located in the receiving cavity are sleeved on the core rod. The adjusting piston is located close to the front end screw plug. The front end screw plug is provided with an adjusting hole that connects the liquid receiving cavity and the receiving cavity.

4. The recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the adjusting spring is in contact with the adjusting piston, and the other end is fixed relative to the valve body and equipped with a stop ring, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the core rod.

5. The recoil device for a rapid-fire artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide tube is provided between the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder. One end of the guide tube is fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and the other end is clearance-fitted with the connecting cylinder. The guide tube is sleeved on the outside of both the cylinder body and the connecting cylinder.

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