Variable non-coupling charging structure and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable non-coupling charging structure and a using method, and relates to the technical field of deep hole blasting. Comprising a mine tunnel deep hole, a blast hole is formed in the bottom of the mine tunnel deep hole, a closed end is installed in the mine tunnel deep hole, a cartridge bag is installed on the closed end, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the cartridge bag, a limiting column is upwards arranged on the connecting plate, and the length of the limiting column is larger than that of the cartridge bag. The end part of the limiting column is movably connected with a movable filling body; a liquid return pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline are mounted in the movable filling body; the closed end comprises a position plate and a fixing plate, an air channel pipeline is arranged between the position plate and the fixing plate, the air channel pipeline is filled with a child air bag and a connecting pipe, a mother air bag is installed on the side, back to the position plate, of the fixing plate, and the child air bag and the mother air bag are communicated through the connecting pipe; and a hinged pull plate is arranged between the fixed plate and the position plate. The technical problems that at present, blast hole bottom building is not stable, and the decoupling coefficient is difficult to adjust are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole blasting, and in particular to a variable uncoupled charge structure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are mainly the following types of charging methods for mine blasting:

[0003] 1) Continuous charging structure: Explosives are loaded from the bottom of the hole until the designed charge is reached, and then plugged. This structure is simple to construct, but it is easy to have a long section (blocked section) without charge at the top of the blasthole, which leads to an increase in the proportion of large blocks at the top of the rock mass.

[0004] 2) Interval charging structure: In the borehole, the explosive is divided into several sections and separated by inert materials (such as sand, rock powder, air or water). This structure can make the energy of the explosive evenly distributed in the rock.

[0005] 3) Uncoupled charge structure: a charge structure with an air gap between the charge and the hole wall, and the charge diameter is smaller than the hole diameter. Function: the detonation wave first compresses the air and then acts on the hole wall, reducing the energy of the shock wave transmitted to the rock and reducing the damage to the hole wall.

[0006] Relatively speaking, the uncoupling coefficient of the uncoupled charge structure is related to the diameter of the blasthole and the diameter of the charge, and is also related to the characteristics of the medium and the explosive. Theoretically, the best blasting effect can be obtained when the uncoupling coefficient is 1, that is, the diameter of the deep hole is exactly the same as the diameter of the charge. However, in actual operation, the diameter of the deep hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the charge, so it is difficult to obtain an ideal blasting effect. Moreover, when the blasthole is drilled, the bottom may not be closed, and a bottom needs to be built to support the charge structure.

[0007] To this end, we provide a variable uncoupled charge structure and a method of use to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a variable uncoupled charge structure and a method of use to solve the current technical problems of unstable bottoming of blastholes and difficulty in adjusting the uncoupled coefficient.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A variable uncoupled charge structure comprises a deep hole in a mine tunnel, a blast hole is arranged at the bottom of the deep hole in the mine tunnel, a closed end is installed in the deep hole in the mine tunnel, a medicine bag is installed on the closed end, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the medicine bag, and a limiting column is arranged upwardly from the connecting plate, and the length of the limiting column is greater than the length of the medicine bag;

[0011] The end of the limiting column is movably connected with a movable filling body, and the movable filling body is suitable for filling the fluid outside the medicine bag; and a liquid return pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are installed in the movable filling body;

[0012] The closed end includes a position plate and a fixed plate, an air path pipeline is arranged between the position plate and the fixed plate, a sub-airbag and a connecting pipe are filled in the air path pipeline, and a main airbag is installed on the side of the fixed plate facing away from the position plate, and the sub-airbag and the main airbag are connected through the connecting pipe;

[0013] A hinged pull plate is installed between the fixed plate and the position plate. The hinged pull plate is suitable for expanding and pushing the hinged pull plate to rotate when the sub-airbag is inflated. The hinged pull plate is suitable for being inserted into a deep hole in a mine tunnel.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the top of the air path pipeline extends to the top of the position plate and is provided with a connection port, and the sub-airbag is connected to the connection port;

[0015] A side groove is provided on the air pipeline, a sliding plate is provided at the bottom port of the sub-airbag, the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the sub-airbag, and a support plate is integrally provided on the outside of the sliding plate and extends out of the side groove;

[0016] The hinged pull plate comprises a movable cover cylinder, the movable cover cylinder is sleeved on the air pipeline, and the sliding plate is suitable for movably abutting against the movable cover cylinder.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the hinged pull plate includes a bending plate, the end of which is hinged to a fixed plate, and a connecting rod is installed between the body of the bending plate and the movable cover cylinder; a fork is installed at the end of the bending plate away from the fixed plate, and the fork is suitable for inserting into a deep hole in the mine tunnel.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the volume of the cavity of the mother airbag is larger than that of the daughter airbag; the mother airbag is suitable for filling and blocking deep holes in mine tunnels.

[0019] In a further technical solution, a concrete layer and a fine sand layer are laid on top of the position plate.

[0020] In a further technical solution, the movable filling body comprises a cylinder shell, and a liquid outlet cylinder and a liquid return cylinder are provided at the bottom of the cylinder shell, which are respectively connected to the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe;

[0021] A pipeline cavity is provided in the limiting column, and a flow opening is provided at the bottom.

[0022] In a further technical solution, a closing column and a transition tube are arranged in the cylinder shell, and two groups of the closing column and the transition tube are arranged at intervals in a diamond shape; the transition tube is suitable for passing a liquid outlet pipe or a liquid return pipe;

[0023] A limiting airbag is also installed in the cylinder shell, and an air connection pipe is provided at the upper end of the limiting airbag, and the air connection pipe is suitable for inflating or exhausting air into the limiting airbag;

[0024] The limiting airbag is cross-shaped, and the end thereof movably abuts against the limiting member, and the limiting member is installed on the cylinder shell.

[0025] In a further technical solution, the limiting component includes a movable cap head, a limiting hole is opened in the cylinder shell, and the movable cap head is installed in the limiting hole; the end of the movable cap head is movably abutted against the limiting airbag; a limiting abutment is installed on the end of the movable cap head facing away from the limiting airbag, and the outer side surface of the limiting abutment is movably abutted against the inner wall of the deep hole in the mine tunnel.

[0026] In a further technical solution, a limiting ring is fixedly installed in the limiting hole, the movable cap head includes a cap body and a limiting ring, and the ring side plate is installed in the limiting hole;

[0027] A return spring is installed between the ring edge plate and the limiting ring, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the ring edge plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting ring; the return spring is sleeved on the cap body.

[0028] A method for using a variable uncoupled charge structure comprises the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Use a closed end head to seal the bottom of the deep hole in the drilled mine tunnel; hoist the closed end head to a specified depth position;

[0030] Step 2, the air pipe is connected to the air pipeline and lowered along the closed end, and the filling gas enters the sub-airbag, and the sub-airbag expands under the influence of the gas flow and stretches along the air pipeline; the sliding plate is pushed to move along the air pipeline, and the movable cover cylinder is pushed to move along the side strip groove;

[0031] Step 3, the mobile cover cylinder moves to drive the connecting rods on both sides to rotate, and realizes the rotation of the bending plate hinged on the fixed plate, so that the bending plate is rotatably connected or plugged into the deep hole of the mine tunnel;

[0032] Step 4, synchronously with step 2, after the sub-airbag is inflated, it continues to expand along the air pipeline until the movable cover reaches the limit position on the air pipeline; at this time, the bending plate is clamped and cannot rotate; the gas continues to pass through the connecting pipe to the mother airbag, and the mother airbag is inflated until it is fully filled; the mother airbag expands to block the deep hole of the mine tunnel at the position; the air pipeline, the sub-airbag and the mother airbag are all located on the central axis of the fixed plate; and the position plate and the fixed plate are arranged coaxially;

[0033] Step 5, fill the position plate with concrete until it solidifies to form a concrete layer; apply a release agent on the surface of the air pipe in advance; after the concrete solidifies, remove the air pipe; lay a fine sand layer on the concrete layer;

[0034] Step 6, laying the medicine bag, which is fixed on the connecting plate in a columnar shape;

[0035] Step 7, installing the movable filling body, and connecting the liquid outlet cylinder and the liquid return cylinder to the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe respectively through lowering the guide;

[0036] Step 8, the air pipe is pre-connected with the limiting airbag, and the gas is filled into the limiting airbag, so that the limiting airbag is limited to move toward the movable cap head at the end and abuts, driving the limiting abutting head connected to the movable cap body outward to achieve active abutment with the inner wall of the deep hole of the mine tunnel;

[0037] Step 9, fill the fluid into the space between the connecting plate and the cylinder shell, and complete the internal compression by changing the fluid pressure, thereby changing the diameter of the medicine bag and realizing the change of the uncoupling coefficient; the fluid flows from the liquid outlet pipe to the liquid return pipe, and the fluid is taken out.

[0038] Step 10, complete the installation of the charge structure.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention achieves the effect of closing the deep hole of the mine tunnel by using inflatable sub-airbags and mother airbags, wherein the mother airbag is inflated by continuous inflation, and the gas fills the expanded mother airbag to achieve a layer of plugging; the inflation of the sub-airbag drives the sliding plate and the moving cover tube to push downward, and the bending plate hinged on the fixed plate is forced to bend, and the rotation amplitude does not need to be too large, and the fork head is squeezed downward to the inner wall of the deep hole of the mine tunnel, so as to achieve the bottom structure fixing effect. The bottom plugging is fixed by casting concrete, and the secondary plugging is completed.

[0041] The present invention realizes the driving effect of the limiter by a cross-shaped limit airbag, the limiter comprises a retractable movable cap head and a limit abutment head, the limit airbag squeezes the movable cap head and the limit abutment head after being inflated to realize the abutment effect, and the connection effect is realized by the limit abutment head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable uncoupled charge structure of the present invention in a deep hole of a mine tunnel;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the closed end of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a closed end of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medicine package installation location of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding plate in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 AA cross-section diagram;

[0048] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B.

[0049] In the figure:

[0050] 1. Deep hole in the mine tunnel; 2. Blast hole; 3. Closed end; 4. Powder bag; 5. Mobile filling body; 6. Liquid return pipe; 7. Liquid outlet pipe; 8. Sub-airbag; 9. Main airbag; 11. Concrete layer; 12. Fine sand layer;

[0051] 31. Position plate; 32. Fixed plate; 33. Air pipeline; 34. Connecting pipe; 35. Sliding plate; 36. Moving cover tube; 37. Bending plate; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Fork head; 310. Support plate;

[0052] 41. Connecting plate; 42. Limiting column;

[0053] 51. Cylinder shell; 52. Liquid outlet cylinder; 53. Liquid return cylinder; 54. Closing column; 55. Transition cylinder; 56. Limiting airbag; 57. Limiting member; 571. Movable cap head; 572. Limiting abutment head; 573. Limiting ring; 574. Ring side plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution, a variable uncoupled charge structure, comprising a mine tunnel deep hole 1, a blast hole 2 is arranged at the bottom of the mine tunnel deep hole 1, a closed end 3 is installed in the mine tunnel deep hole 1, a medicine bag 4 is installed on the closed end 3, a connecting plate 41 is fixedly installed at the end of the medicine bag 4, and a limiting column 42 is arranged upward on the connecting plate 41, and the length of the limiting column 42 is greater than the length of the medicine bag 4; a movable filling body 5 is movably connected to the end of the limiting column 42, and the movable filling body 5 is suitable for filling fluid outside the medicine bag 4; and a return liquid pipeline 6 and a liquid outlet pipeline 7 are installed in the movable filling body 5;

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, the closed end 3 includes a position plate 31 and a fixing plate 32, an air path pipe 33 is arranged between the position plate 31 and the fixing plate 32, the air path pipe 33 is filled with a sub-airbag 8 and a connecting pipe 34, and a main airbag 9 is installed on the side of the fixing plate 32 facing away from the position plate 31, and the sub-airbag 8 and the main airbag 9 are connected through the connecting pipe 34;

[0058] A hinged pull plate is installed between the fixed plate 32 and the position plate 31 . The hinged pull plate is suitable for expanding and pushing the hinged pull plate to rotate when the sub-airbag 8 is inflated. The hinged pull plate is suitable for being inserted into the deep hole 1 of the mine tunnel.

[0059] The top of the air path pipe 33 extends to the top of the position plate 31 and is provided with a connection port, and the sub-airbag 8 is connected to the connection port;

[0060] A side groove is provided on the gas pipeline 33, and a sliding plate 35 is provided at the bottom port of the sub-airbag 8. The sliding plate 35 is fixedly connected to the sub-airbag 8, and a support plate 310 is integrally provided on the outside of the sliding plate 35 and extends out of the side groove; the hinged pull plate includes a movable cover tube 36, which is sleeved on the gas pipeline 33, and the sliding plate 35 is suitable for movably abutting against the movable cover tube 36. The hinged pull plate includes a bending plate 37, the end of which is hinged to the fixed plate 32, and a connecting rod 38 is installed between the plate body of the bending plate 37 and the movable cover tube 36; a fork head 39 is installed at the end of the bending plate 37 away from the fixed plate 32, and the fork head 39 is suitable for inserting into the deep hole 1 of the mine tunnel.

[0061] The volume of the cavity of the mother airbag 9 is larger than that of the child airbag 8; the mother airbag 9 is suitable for filling and plugging the deep hole 1 in the mine tunnel. A concrete layer 11 and a fine sand layer 12 are laid on the top of the position plate 31. The present invention achieves the effect of closing the deep hole in the mine tunnel by adopting inflatable child airbags and mother airbags, wherein the mother airbag is inflated by continuous inflation, and the gas fills the expanded mother airbag to achieve a layer of plugging; the inflation of the child airbag drives the sliding plate and the moving cover tube to push downward, and causes the bending plate hinged on the fixed plate to bend under force, and the rotation amplitude does not need to be too large, and it is sufficient to produce a downward squeezing fork head toward the inner wall of the deep hole in the mine tunnel, thereby achieving the effect of fixing the bottom structure. The bottom plugging has been formed by casting concrete, and the secondary plugging is completed.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 6 and 7 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention is based on Example 1, wherein Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a midline horizontal cross-section of a movable filling body, wherein the movable filling body 5 includes a cylindrical shell 51, and a liquid outlet cylinder 52 and a liquid return cylinder 53 are provided at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 51, which are respectively connected to the liquid return pipe 6 and the liquid outlet pipe 7; a pipe cavity 43 is opened in the limiting column 42, and a flow port is provided at the bottom.

[0064] A closing column 54 and a transition tube 55 are arranged in the cylinder shell 51, and two groups of the closing column 54 and the transition tube 55 are arranged at intervals in a diamond shape; the transition tube 55 is suitable for passing the liquid outlet pipe 7 or the liquid return pipe 6; a limiting air bag 56 is also installed in the cylinder shell 51, and an air connecting pipe is arranged at the upper end of the limiting air bag 56, and the air connecting pipe is suitable for inflating or exhausting air into the limiting air bag 56; the limiting air bag 56 is cross-shaped, and the end portion movably abuts against the limiting member 57, and the limiting member 57 is installed on the cylinder shell 51.

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, the limiting member 57 includes a movable cap head 571, a limiting hole is opened in the cylinder shell 51, and the movable cap head 571 is installed in the limiting hole; the end of the movable cap head 571 is movably abutted against the limiting airbag 56; a limiting abutment 572 is installed at the end of the movable cap head 571 facing away from the limiting airbag 56, and the outer side surface of the limiting abutment 572 is movably abutted against the inner wall of the deep hole 1 in the mine tunnel.

[0066] A limiting ring 573 is fixedly installed in the limiting hole, and the movable cap head 571 includes a cap body and a limiting ring 574, and the ring edge plate 574 is installed in the limiting hole; a return spring is installed between the ring edge plate 574 and the limiting ring 573, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the ring edge plate 574, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting ring 573; the return spring is sleeved on the cap body.

[0067] A method for using a variable uncoupled charge structure comprises the following steps:

[0068] Step 1, in the deep hole 1 of the drilled mine tunnel, the bottom is sealed with a closed end head 3; the closed end head 3 is hoisted and placed at a specified depth position;

[0069] Step 2, the air pipe is connected to the air pipeline 33 and lowered along the closed end 3, and the filling gas enters the sub-airbag 8, and the sub-airbag 8 expands under the influence of the gas flow and stretches along the air pipeline 33; the sliding plate 35 is pushed to move along the air pipeline 33, and the movable cover tube 36 is pushed to move along the side strip groove;

[0070] Step 3, the mobile cover tube 36 moves to drive the connecting rods 38 on both sides to rotate, and realizes the rotation of the bending plate 37 hinged on the fixed plate 32, so that the bending plate 37 is rotatably connected or plugged into the deep hole 1 of the mine tunnel;

[0071] Step 4, synchronous step 2, after the sub-airbag 8 is inflated, it continues to expand along the air pipeline 33 until the movable cover tube 36 reaches the limit position on the air pipeline 33; at this time, the bending plate 37 is completely engaged and cannot rotate; the gas continues to pass through the connecting pipe 34 to the main airbag 9, and the main airbag 9 is inflated until it is fully filled; the main airbag 9 expands to block the deep hole 1 of the mine tunnel at the position; the air pipeline 33, the sub-airbag 8 and the main airbag 9 are all located on the central axis of the fixed plate 32; and the position plate 31 and the fixed plate 32 are arranged coaxially;

[0072] Step 5, filling the position plate 31 with concrete until it solidifies to form a concrete layer 11; applying a release agent on the surface of the air pipe in advance; after the concrete solidifies, taking out the air pipe; laying a fine sand layer 12 on the concrete layer 11;

[0073] Step 6, laying the medicine bag 4, which is fixed on the connecting plate 41 and is in a columnar shape;

[0074] Step 7, installing the movable filling body 5, and guiding the liquid outlet cylinder 52 and the liquid return cylinder 53 to abut and communicate with the liquid return pipe 6 and the liquid outlet pipe 7 respectively;

[0075] Step 8, the air pipe is pre-connected with the limiting airbag 56, and the filling gas enters the limiting airbag 56, the limiting airbag 56 is limited to move toward the end of the movable cap head 571 to abut, drive the limiting abutting head 572 connected to the movable cap body outward, and realize the movable abutment with the inner wall of the deep hole 1 of the mine tunnel;

[0076] Step 9, fill the fluid into the space between the connecting plate 41 and the cylinder shell 51, and complete the internal compression by changing the fluid pressure, thereby changing the diameter of the medicine bag 4 and realizing the change of the uncoupling coefficient; the fluid flows from the liquid outlet pipe 7 to the liquid return pipe 6, and the fluid is taken out.

[0077] Step 10, complete the installation of the charge structure.

[0078] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0079] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A variable uncoupled charge structure, comprising a mine tunnel deep hole (1), a blast hole (2) being arranged at the bottom of the mine tunnel deep hole (1), characterized in that: A closed end head (3) is installed in a deep hole (1) in a mine tunnel, a medicine bag (4) is installed on the closed end head (3), a connecting plate (41) is fixedly installed at the end of the medicine bag (4), and a limiting column (42) is arranged upward on the connecting plate (41), and the length of the limiting column (42) is greater than the length of the medicine bag (4); The end of the limiting column (42) is movably connected to a movable filling body (5), and the movable filling body (5) is suitable for filling the outside of the medicine bag (4) with fluid; and a liquid return pipe (6) and a liquid outlet pipe (7) are installed in the movable filling body (5); The closed end (3) comprises a position plate (31) and a fixing plate (32), an air path pipe (33) is arranged between the position plate (31) and the fixing plate (32), a sub-air bag (8) and a connecting pipe (34) are filled in the air path pipe (33), and a main air bag (9) is installed on a side of the fixing plate (32) facing away from the position plate (31), and the sub-air bag (8) and the main air bag (9) are connected via the connecting pipe (34); A hinged pull plate is installed between the fixed plate (32) and the position plate (31), and the hinged pull plate is suitable for expanding and pushing the hinged pull plate to rotate when the sub-airbag (8) is inflated. The hinged pull plate is suitable for being inserted into the deep hole (1) of the mine tunnel.

2. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the air path pipeline (33) extends to the top of the position plate (31) and is provided with a connection port, and the sub-airbag (8) is connected to the connection port; A side groove is provided on the air path pipe (33), a sliding plate (35) is provided at the bottom port of the sub-airbag (8), the sliding plate (35) is fixedly connected to the sub-airbag (8), and a support plate (310) is integrally provided on the outside of the sliding plate (35) and extends out of the side groove; The hinged pull plate comprises a movable cover cylinder (36), the movable cover cylinder (36) is sleeved on the gas pipeline (33), and the sliding plate (35) is suitable for movably abutting against the movable cover cylinder (36).

3. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hinged pull plate comprises a bending plate (37), the end of which is hinged to the fixed plate (32), and a connecting rod (38) is installed between the plate body of the bending plate (37) and the movable cover tube (36); a fork (39) is installed at the end of the bending plate (37) away from the fixed plate (32), and the fork (39) is suitable for being inserted into a deep hole (1) in a mine tunnel.

4. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The volume of the cavity of the mother airbag (9) is greater than the volume of the cavity of the child airbag (8); the mother airbag (9) is suitable for filling and blocking a deep hole (1) in a mine tunnel.

5. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A concrete layer (11) and a fine sand layer (12) are laid on top of the position plate (31).

6. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable filling body (5) comprises a cylinder shell (51), and a liquid outlet cylinder (52) and a liquid return cylinder (53) are provided at the bottom of the cylinder shell (51), which are respectively connected to the liquid return pipe (6) and the liquid outlet pipe (7); A pipeline cavity (43) is provided in the limiting column (42), and a flow opening is provided at the bottom.

7. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cylinder shell (51) is provided with a closing column (54) and a transition cylinder (55), and the closing column (54) and the transition cylinder (55) are provided in two groups and are arranged at intervals in a rhombus shape; the transition cylinder (55) is suitable for passing a liquid outlet pipe (7) or a liquid return pipe (6); A limiting airbag (56) is also installed in the cylinder shell (51), and an air connection pipe is provided at the upper end of the limiting airbag (56), and the air connection pipe is suitable for inflating or exhausting air into the limiting airbag (56); The limiting airbag (56) is cross-shaped, and its end is movably abutted against a limiting member (57), and the limiting member (57) is mounted on the cylinder shell (51).

8. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting member (57) comprises a movable cap head (571), a limiting hole is provided in the cylinder shell (51), and the movable cap head (571) is installed in the limiting hole; the end of the movable cap head (571) is movably abutted against the limiting airbag (56); a limiting abutting head (572) is installed at one end of the movable cap head (571) facing away from the limiting airbag (56), and the outer side surface of the limiting abutting head (572) is movably abutted against the inner wall of the deep hole (1) of the mine tunnel.

9. A variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting ring (573) is fixedly installed in the limiting hole, the movable cap head (571) comprises a cap body and a limiting ring (574), and the ring side plate (574) is installed in the limiting hole; A return spring is installed between the ring edge plate (574) and the limiting ring (573), one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the ring edge plate (574), and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting ring (573); the return spring is sleeved on the cap body.

10. A method for using the variable uncoupled charge structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, in a deep hole (1) of a drilled mine tunnel, a closed end head (3) is used to seal the bottom; the closed end head (3) is hoisted and placed at a designated depth position; Step 2, using an air pipe connected to the air pipeline (33) and lowered along the closed end (3), filling gas enters the sub-airbag (8), the sub-airbag (8) expands under the influence of gas flow and stretches along the air pipeline (33); pushing the sliding plate (35) to move along the air pipeline (33), and pushing the movable cover cylinder (36) to move along the side strip groove; Step 3, the mobile cover cylinder (36) moves to drive the connecting rods (38) on both sides to rotate, and realizes the rotation of the bending plate (37) hinged on the fixed plate (32), so that the bending plate (37) is rotatably connected or plugged into the deep hole (1) of the mine tunnel; Step 4, synchronously with step 2, after the sub-airbag (8) is inflated, it continues to expand along the air pipeline (33) until the movable cover tube (36) reaches the limit position on the air pipeline (33); at this time, the bending plate (37) is completely engaged and cannot rotate; the gas continues to pass through the connecting pipe (34) to the main airbag (9), and the main airbag (9) is inflated until it is completely full; the main airbag (9) expands to block the deep hole (1) of the mine tunnel at the position; the air pipeline (33), the sub-airbag (8) and the main airbag (9) are all located on the central axis of the fixed plate (32); and the position plate (31) and the fixed plate (32) are coaxially arranged; Step 5, filling the position plate (31) with concrete until it solidifies to form a concrete layer (11); applying a release agent on the surface of the air pipe in advance; after the concrete solidifies, removing the air pipe; laying a fine sand layer (12) on the concrete layer (11); Step 6, laying the medicine bag (4), the medicine bag (4) is fixed on the connecting plate (41) and is in a columnar shape; Step 7, installing the movable filling body (5), and guiding the liquid outlet cylinder (52) and the liquid return cylinder (53) to contact and communicate with the liquid return pipe (6) and the liquid outlet pipe (7) respectively; Step 8, the air pipe is pre-connected with the limiting airbag (56), and the gas is filled into the limiting airbag (56), so that the limiting airbag (56) is limited to move toward the movable cap head (571) at the end to abut against the limiting head (572) connected to the movable cap body outward to achieve active abutment with the inner wall of the deep hole (1) of the mine tunnel; Step 9, the filling fluid enters between the connecting plate (41) and the cylinder shell (51), and the internal compression is completed by changing the fluid pressure, thereby changing the diameter of the medicine bag (4) and realizing the change of the uncoupling coefficient; the fluid flows from the liquid outlet pipe (7) to the liquid return pipe (6), and the fluid is taken out. Step 10, complete the installation of the charge structure.

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