Method and device for preparing dirty high-salinity wet snow using components of atmospheric dust fall

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for configuring dirty high-salinity wet snow by using sand dust atmospheric sediment components, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage external insulation. The method comprises the following steps: collecting environmental atmospheric particulates, saline-alkali land samples and sand dust samples at a monitoring point; performing component analysis on the collected saline-alkali land samples, sand dust samples and environmental atmospheric particulates by using a chemiluminescence technology to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt; determining the contribution proportion of high-salinity dirt from different samples by using a Bayesian mixture model; performing component simulation on atmospheric aerosols according to the component characteristics and the contribution proportion to configure the atmospheric aerosols; crushing the atmospheric aerosols and mixing them with artificial snow, and combining a wet deposition method to obtain dirty high-salinity wet snow with the same components as sand dust atmospheric sediments; removing dirty high-salinity wet snow that does not meet the index to obtain finally qualified dirty high-salinity wet snow, which is used for simulating the formation of ice on a dust climate insulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage external insulation technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for preparing dirty, high-salt wet snow using the components of sand and dust atmospheric sediment. Background Technology

[0002] Dust deposition refers to the process by which dust particles, after being transported through the atmosphere, settle to the ground due to gravity or precipitation. These deposits not only contain the mineral components of the dust itself but may also carry pollutants from industrial emissions, traffic exhaust, and other sources. Dust storms are an extreme form of dust deposition and have a significant impact on the environment and human activities.

[0003] For example, during spring dust storms, research analyzing the pollution characteristics and sources of atmospheric aerosols of different particle sizes in Beijing shows that the mass concentration of particulate matter increases significantly during dust storms, including water-soluble organic carbon, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and water-soluble inorganic ions. This increase in components leads to a decline in air quality and adversely affects human health. Dust storm activity has a significant impact on the concentration of nutrients in atmospheric wet deposition, and the wet deposition of these nutrients has been a hot research topic both domestically and internationally. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow by utilizing the components of sand and dust atmospheric deposition to solve the problem of surface contamination of insulators on power transmission lines caused by sand and dust atmospheric deposition.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] S1: A fixed number of monitoring points are set in the area affected by sandstorms; when the sandstorm is severe or not severe, a predetermined number of ambient atmospheric particulate matter samples are collected from the surrounding area of ​​the monitoring points.

[0007] S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples at the monitoring points;

[0008] S3: Utilize chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of collected dust atmospheric sediments and determine the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric sediments include: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0009] S4: Using a Bayesian mixture model, determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0010] S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments.

[0011] S6: The prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet deposition method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as sand and dust atmospheric deposition.

[0012] S7: Test the atmospheric aerosols of dirty, high-salinity wet snow, remove the dirty, high-salinity wet snow that does not meet the standards, and obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0013] S8: Simulate the formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate by using finally qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0014] Optionally, step S3 includes:

[0015] S31: Input high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas and test the airtightness of the gas path;

[0016] The nitrate solution is injected through the inlet of the device into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas.

[0017] NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C.

[0018] S32: Input the NO gas purified by sodium hydroxide solution into the NOx Analyzer detector;

[0019] In the NOx Analyzer detector, NO gas reacts with excess ozone generated by the detector, transforming it into an excited state. The signal from the NOx Analyzer detector is obtained;

[0020] S33: Convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combine it with the scanning spectrum method to obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple sets of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter, thereby determining the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt.

[0021] Optionally, step S7 includes: determining the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in atmospheric aerosols from dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0022] Optionally, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosols can be measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrophotometer.

[0023] Optionally, the anions and cations of atmospheric aerosols can be tested.

[0024] A device for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the composition of atmospheric dust deposition, the device comprising: a data acquisition device, a NO generation module, a NOx Analyzer detector, a data processing module, a dirty, high-salinity wet snow preparation device, and a dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing device;

[0025] The NO generation module, NOx Analyzer detector, and data processing module are connected in sequence.

[0026] The data acquisition equipment is used to collect samples of saline-alkali land, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter.

[0027] The NO generation module and NOx Analyzer detector are used to perform component analysis on the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt.

[0028] The data processing module is used to convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, to obtain multiple sets of nitrate concentration values ​​of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0029] The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources by employing a Bayesian mixture model.

[0030] The dirty, high-salinity wet snow preparation equipment is used to prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments by simulating the composition of atmospheric aerosols according to the composition characteristics and contribution ratios; the prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet sedimentation method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments.

[0031] The dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty, high-salinity wet snow to obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0032] Optionally, the dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and an ion chromatography module.

[0033] A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, perform a method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using components of atmospheric dust deposition.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application are:

[0035] 1. At a fixed number of monitoring points in the dust storm-affected area, environmental atmospheric particulate matter, saline-alkali land samples, and dust samples are collected from the monitoring points. The convenience of sample data collection, the representativeness of the samples, and the richness of the data samples are greatly improved compared with the mainstream evaluation method of offline sampling and detection.

[0036] 2. The salt composition characteristics of atmospheric dust deposition were analyzed using chemiluminescence technology and a Bayesian model. Applying a Bayesian model effectively combines prior knowledge with new sampling data, thereby updating the estimates of unknown parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a step diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the chemiluminescence method for determining the concentration of ions such as halide salts and nitrates in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the mixture of atmospheric aerosols and artificial snowfall obtained after component simulation in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this application, the specific embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition, as described in this application embodiment, including:

[0044] S1: A fixed number of monitoring points are set in the area affected by sandstorms; when the sandstorm is severe or not severe, a predetermined number of ambient atmospheric particulate matter samples are collected from the surrounding area of ​​the monitoring points.

[0045] S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples at the monitoring points;

[0046] S3: Utilize chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of collected dust atmospheric sediments and determine the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric sediments include: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0047] Step S3 includes:

[0048] S31: Input high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas into the entire device and test the airtightness of the gas path;

[0049] Specifically, the detailed model of the device is NOx ANALYAER-MODEL T200U, manufactured by Teledyne in the United States.

[0050] The nitrate solution is injected through the inlet of the device into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas.

[0051] NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C.

[0052] Specifically, NO gas (nitrogen oxides) will pass through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C along with the carrier gas, reducing the gas temperature and absorbing the hydrochloric acid volatilized during the absorption process, thereby preventing corrosion of subsequent device components.

[0053] S32: Input the NO gas purified by sodium hydroxide solution into the NOx Analyzer detector;

[0054] In the NOx Analyzer detector, NO gas reacts with excess ozone generated by the detector, transforming it into an excited state. The signal from the NOx Analyzer detector is obtained;

[0055] Specifically, the generated excited states During the return to the ground state, photons are emitted, resulting in chemiluminescence. When the ozone content is excessive, the number of photons emitted by the reaction is proportional to the NO concentration. This also means that the signal strength in the NOx Analyzer detector is proportional to the concentration of salts in the sample.

[0056] S33: Convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combine it with the scanning spectrum method to obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple sets of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter, thereby determining the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt.

[0057] In one embodiment, chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the nitrate concentration (e.g., in saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter) in samples from saline-alkali land, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter. Figure 2(As shown): High-purity nitrogen is introduced as the carrier gas into the entire device to test the airtightness of the gas path. Then, using a disposable syringe, a nitrate solution is injected through the device's inlet into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath. This causes the nitrate to undergo a reduction reaction with the vanadium trichloride, generating NO gas. The NO gas then passes through a 0°C 2M sodium hydroxide solution with the carrier gas. This step lowers the gas temperature and absorbs the hydrochloric acid volatilized during the absorption process, thus preventing corrosion of subsequent device components. The NO gas purified by the sodium hydroxide solution then reaches the NOx Analyzer detector. In the NOx Analyzer detector, the NO gas reacts with excess ozone generated by the detector, transforming it into an excited state. The generated excited state During the return to the ground state, photons are emitted, resulting in chemiluminescence. When the ozone content is excessive, the number of photons emitted by the reaction is directly proportional to the NO concentration, which also means that the signal strength in the detector is directly proportional to the salt concentration in the sample.

[0058] S4: Using a Bayesian mixture model, determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0059] S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments.

[0060] S6: The prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet deposition method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as sand and dust atmospheric deposition.

[0061] Specifically, the wet deposition method is used so that the mixed snow particles will further absorb atmospheric aerosol particles and trace salt components in atmospheric aerosol particles during the descent process, resulting in dirty, high-salinity wet snow with a composition that is basically the same as that of dust atmospheric deposition.

[0062] S7: Test the atmospheric aerosols of dirty, high-salinity wet snow, remove the dirty, high-salinity wet snow that does not meet the standards, and obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0063] Step S7 includes: determining the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in atmospheric aerosols from dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0064] Specifically, the organic carbon, organic nitrogen, and inorganic salt contents of wet sedimentation samples (atmospheric aerosols) were measured using TOC-L and TNM-L analyzers (Shimadzu, Japan). Different gradient standard solutions were prepared using potassium hydrogen phthalate and potassium nitrate, and corresponding standard curves were plotted using the analyzer. Finally, the external standard method was used for quantitative analysis of the actual samples. For the determination of water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts, the samples were filtered beforehand using a 0.22 μm hydrophilic PTFE filter (Anpu, China) before analysis.

[0065] Step S7 also includes: testing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of atmospheric aerosols using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrophotometer.

[0066] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum (excitation-emission matrix, EEM) of the wet-sedimentation sample was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (U3900H, Hitachi) and a fluorometer (Fluoromax-4, Horiba). Before testing, the sample was filtered using a 0.22 μm hydrophilic PTFE filter (Anpu, China). Ultrapure water was used as a blank sample to calibrate the EEM spectral intensity.

[0067] Step S7 also includes testing the anions and cations of atmospheric aerosols.

[0068] Specifically, the cations and anions in the wet-sedimented samples were analyzed using an ion chromatography system (Dionex Aquion, Thermo Scientific, America). The samples were pre-filtered using a 0.22 μm hydrophilic PTFE filter (Anpu, China) before being placed into the autosampler (Dionex AS-DV) for analysis. Test parameters included: Standards for each ion were used. Different gradient standard solutions were prepared for the substance, and the final quantitative analysis was performed using the external standard method. Ultrapure water was used as a process control blank sample during the analytical testing to ensure accuracy.

[0069] Specifically, having Source contribution Salt-like Bayes The model formula for the mixture is as follows:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] in, It is a mixture Salt-like Vector, mixture middle Salt-like measurement values, It is the source upper mixture Salt value Vector It is the source upper mixture Nutrient enrichment factor value Vector It is a mixture with a covariance matrix The residual term vector.

[0075] k-source contribution: refers to the contribution of k different sources to a mixture.

[0076] Type j salts: This may refer to the j different types of salts contained in the mixture.

[0077] Bayesian N-mixture: A Bayesian mixture model is a statistical model used to estimate the proportion of contributions from different sources to a mixture. N may refer to the number of components in the mixture or the sample size.

[0078] The overall meaning is: use a Bayesian mixture model to estimate the contribution of k different sources to a mixture containing j kinds of salts.

[0079] S8: Simulate the formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate by using finally qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0080] In one embodiment, dust storm activity significantly impacts the concentration of nutrients in atmospheric wet deposition, a topic that has been a hot research area both domestically and internationally. When considering the use of dust atmospheric deposition components to prepare contaminated, high-salinity wet snow, the various pollutants and nutrients that these depositions may contain must be taken into account. These components are crucial to the physical and chemical properties of wet snow, as well as its environmental impact. Methods for preparing contaminated, high-salinity wet snow require a comprehensive consideration of the compositional characteristics and sources of dust atmospheric deposition, as well as its potential impacts on the environment and human activities. Such research is of significant value for understanding the environmental impact of dust storms, improving air quality, and protecting insulators from high-salinity contamination.

[0081] In one embodiment, Figure 3 This is a flowchart showing the mixture of atmospheric aerosols and artificial snowfall obtained after component simulation.

[0082] A device for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the composition of atmospheric dust deposition, the device comprising: a data acquisition device, a NO generation module, a NOx Analyzer detector, a data processing module, a dirty, high-salinity wet snow preparation device, and a dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing device;

[0083] The NO generation module, NOx Analyzer detector, and data processing module are connected in sequence.

[0084] The data acquisition equipment is used to collect samples of saline-alkali land, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter.

[0085] The NO generation module and NOx Analyzer detector are used to perform component analysis on the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt.

[0086] The data processing module is used to convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, to obtain multiple sets of nitrate concentration values ​​of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter;

[0087] The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources by employing a Bayesian mixture model.

[0088] The dirty, high-salinity wet snow preparation equipment is used to prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments by simulating the composition of atmospheric aerosols according to the composition characteristics and contribution ratios; the prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet sedimentation method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments.

[0089] The dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty, high-salinity wet snow to obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

[0090] The dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and an ion chromatography module.

[0091] This application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted for loading by a processor to execute the above-described method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the composition of atmospheric dust deposition.

[0092] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily conceive of those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and the disclosure of practical truths.

[0093] This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described in this disclosure. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of this disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: A fixed number of monitoring points are set in the area affected by sandstorms; when the sandstorm is severe or not severe, a predetermined number of ambient atmospheric particulate matter samples are collected from the surrounding area of ​​the monitoring points. S2: Collect a preset number of saline-alkali land samples and a preset number of dust samples at the monitoring points; S3: Utilize chemiluminescence technology to analyze the composition of collected dust atmospheric sediments and determine the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt; dust atmospheric sediments include: saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S4: Using a Bayesian mixture model, determine the contribution ratios of saline-alkali land samples, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; S5: Based on the composition characteristics and contribution ratio, atmospheric aerosols are used to simulate the composition and prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments. S6: The prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet deposition method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as sand and dust atmospheric deposition. S7: Test the atmospheric aerosols of dirty, high-salinity wet snow, remove the dirty, high-salinity wet snow that does not meet the standards, and obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow. S8: Simulate the formation of ice on insulators in a dusty climate by using finally qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

2. The method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: S31: Input high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas and test the airtightness of the gas path; The nitrate solution is injected through the inlet of the device into a 0.1M acidic vanadium trichloride solution heated to a constant temperature of 95°C in a water bath, so that the nitrate reacts with the vanadium trichloride to generate NO gas. NO gas was passed through a 2M sodium hydroxide solution at 0°C. S32: Input the NO gas purified by sodium hydroxide solution into the NOx Analyzer detector; In the NOx Analyzer detector, NO gas reacts with excess ozone generated by the detector, transforming it into an excited state. The signal from the NOx Analyzer detector is obtained; S33: Convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combine it with the scanning spectrum method to obtain the nitrate concentration values ​​of multiple sets of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter, thereby determining the compositional characteristics of high-salinity dirt.

3. The method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 includes: determining the water-soluble organic carbon and total water-soluble inorganic salts in atmospheric aerosols from dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

4. The method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 also includes: testing the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of atmospheric aerosols using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrophotometer.

5. The method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S7 also includes testing the anions and cations of atmospheric aerosols.

6. A device for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using components of atmospheric dust deposition, for realizing the method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The device includes: a data acquisition device, a NO generation module, a NOx Analyzer detector, a data processing module, a dirty and high-salinity wet snow preparation device, and a dirty and high-salinity wet snow testing device. The NO generation module, NOx Analyzer detector, and data processing module are connected in sequence. The data acquisition equipment is used to collect samples of saline-alkali land, dust samples, and ambient atmospheric particulate matter. The NO generation module and NOx Analyzer detector are used to perform component analysis on the collected saline-alkali land samples, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter to determine the component characteristics of high-salinity dirt. The data processing module is used to convert the signal from the NOx Analyzer detector into a voltage signal, and combined with the scanning spectrum method, to obtain multiple sets of nitrate concentration values ​​of saline-alkali land, dust samples and ambient atmospheric particulate matter; The data processing module is also used to determine the contribution ratio of high-salinity dirt from different sample sources by employing a Bayesian mixture model. The dirty, high-salinity wet snow preparation equipment is used to prepare atmospheric aerosols with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments by simulating the composition of atmospheric aerosols according to the composition characteristics and contribution ratios; the prepared atmospheric aerosols are crushed and mixed with artificial snowfall, and combined with wet sedimentation method to obtain dirty, high-salinity wet snow with the same composition as dust atmospheric sediments. The dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment is used to test dirty, high-salinity wet snow to obtain the final qualified dirty, high-salinity wet snow.

7. The method for preparing dirty, high-salinity wet snow using the components of atmospheric dust deposition as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The dirty, high-salinity wet snow testing equipment includes: a TOC-L analyzer, a TNM-L analyzer, a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and an ion chromatography module.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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