Explosion-proof battery compartment for hybrid ship

Abstract

The present invention discloses an explosion-proof battery compartment for a hybrid power ship, and relates to the technical field of marine power battery compartments. The explosion-proof battery compartment comprises an energy storage room, a control power room, and an electric control room, which are separated and independent of each other. Each compartment is provided with an independent automatically closable door. The energy storage room is provided with a battery pack, the control power room is provided with a backup battery, the electric control room is provided with electrical components, and a temperature control unit, a fire sensing mechanism and a fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism of a fire management unit, and an inspection and fool-proofing unit are provided, thereby realizing multiple protection mechanisms and intelligent control of fire classification processing and multi-level fool-proofing during inspections, effectively improving the safety of power batteries in use on ships, solving the problem that battery explosion on ships threatens the safety of ships, optimizing equipment maintenance, inspection, and emergency response mechanisms, and providing strong technical support and safety guarantees for the safe and stable operation of hybrid power ships.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine power battery compartments, and in particular to an explosion-proof battery compartment for a hybrid power ship. Background Art

[0002] Traditional commercial vessels, such as container ships and passenger ships (or floating structures), use fuel oils such as heavy fuel oil, marine diesel, or marine gasoil as propulsion engines. However, due to rising oil prices and stricter emission standards, there is a growing trend for ships equipped with propulsion engines fueled by cheaper, cleaner energy sources such as LNG. Furthermore, since LNG prices are 50% lower in the summer than in the winter, it can be purchased and stored cheaply, making it a very cost-effective energy source.

[0003] By installing a generator on board to generate electricity using LNG hot gas, and then using electricity to drive the ship, compared to directly using gas engines to burn the transported LNG gas to propel the ship, the ship is first powered by gas to generate electricity, then stored, and then used to propel the ship. This has a higher energy efficiency ratio and a higher energy utilization rate of gas. In addition, the gas can burn stably when burning to generate electricity, avoiding wasting gas energy due to fluctuations in power demand, which leads to reduced gas energy efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, driven by the above-mentioned demand, hybrid ships have emerged. By operating the generator and engine under the conditions of achieving optimal fuel consumption efficiency, excess electricity is stored while propelling the ship. When the stored electricity reaches more than 95%, the electric motor is activated to propel the ship with pure electricity. When the electric energy drops to 15%, gas combustion is activated, and the engine propels the ship, while driving the generator to generate electricity and charge the battery that provides electricity, forming a hybrid power; thereby, the utilization rate of gas energy can be greatly improved, while reducing the transportation cost of transport ships.

[0005] However, if batteries are to be used on ships, it is necessary to overcome, avoid and prevent thermal runaway, fire, and even explosion of batteries used for energy storage before they can be safely used in the transportation industry. Moreover, if a battery burns, the only effective fire extinguishing method currently available is to reduce the intensity of the combustion by flushing and cooling with water, but it is impossible to directly extinguish the fire.

[0006] In summary, an explosion-proof battery compartment is needed to prevent the power battery from exploding on board the ship and threatening the safety of the ship. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof battery compartment for a hybrid power ship, so as to solve the problem that explosion of power batteries on board the ship threatens the safety of the ship.

[0008] The various technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical solutions among the various technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present invention provides an explosion-proof battery compartment for a hybrid power ship, comprising a split battery compartment, the battery compartment being detachably mounted in a power compartment of the ship, a lifting door being provided on one side of the power compartment for entering, installing, or unloading and removing the battery compartment; a separately arranged energy storage compartment, a control power compartment, and an electric control compartment being provided in the battery compartment, a fully sealable inspection door being provided on one side of the battery compartment for entering the energy storage compartment, and a fully sealable power supply inspection door being provided on the other side for entering the control power compartment and an electric control inspection door being provided for entering the electric control compartment;

[0011] and a battery pack consisting of a power battery and a protective shell; a plurality of the battery packs are installed in the energy storage room to power the ship's drive motor; a backup battery is installed in the control power room to independently power the electric control room;

[0012] and a temperature control unit, the temperature control unit comprising a heat pump unit, a first heat exchange plate, a second heat exchange plate, and a radiator, the first heat exchange plate being installed in the energy storage chamber, the control power supply chamber, and the electric control chamber; the second heat exchange plate being installed in the protective housing and being used to control the temperature of the power battery;

[0013] and a fire control unit, which includes a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a pressure sensor, and a fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism;

[0014] The temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, and the pressure sensor constitute a fire sensing mechanism, and are respectively arranged in the multiple battery packs, the energy storage chamber, the control power supply chamber, and the electric control chamber, and are respectively used to monitor the fire conditions of the power battery inside a single battery pack, the multiple battery packs in the energy storage chamber, the backup battery, and the electronic components in the electric control chamber;

[0015] The fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism is installed outside the battery compartment and is connected to the battery compartment assembly; the water inlet side and the drainage side of the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism are respectively connected to the energy storage chamber, the protective shell of a single battery pack and the control power supply chamber, and are used to gradedly supply water to the single battery pack, the energy storage chamber, and the control power supply chamber to extinguish the fire and drain away the by-products and heat of combustion when a fire occurs; the drainage side is connected to a filtering device;

[0016] and an inspection fool-proofing unit, the energy storage room, the control power room, and the electric control room are all equipped with the inspection fool-proofing unit, which is used to prevent the inspection door, the power supply maintenance door, and the electric control maintenance door from automatically closing when the inspection personnel enter the energy storage room, the control power room, and the electric control room for inspection or maintenance, and to identify fire information and transmit the fire information to the controller;

[0017] The controller of the electrical control room is electrically connected to the battery pack, the temperature control unit, the fire control unit, the filtering device and the inspection and anti-foolproofing unit respectively, and is used to control and supply power to the ship's drive motor, monitor the status of the power battery, the backup battery and the electrical control room, manage the fire conditions of the battery pack, the energy storage room, the control power room and the electrical control room, and avoid explosion in the battery compartment.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism includes a water inlet pump, a fire extinguishing water pipe, a main water valve, a sub-water valve, a drain pipe, a drain valve, a drain pump and the filtering device; the water outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the main water valve, and the main water valve is connected to multiple sub-water valves; the sub-water valve is connected to the fire extinguishing water pipe; the nozzles of multiple fire extinguishing water pipes are respectively arranged at the top of the energy storage chamber, the bottom of the protective shell and the top of the control power supply room; the water suction ports of multiple drain pipes are respectively arranged at the bottom of the energy storage chamber, the top of the protective shell and the bottom of the control power supply room; the drain pipe is connected to the drain valve, multiple drain valves are all connected to the drain pump, and the drain pump is connected to the water inlet of the filtering device.

[0019] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing liquid drawn into the water inlet of the water inlet pump is seawater, and the fire extinguishing water pipe sprays the seawater onto a single battery pack where a fire occurs, onto multiple battery packs causing a fire in the energy storage chamber, or onto a fire in the control power supply chamber. After the fire is extinguished, the wastewater contains harmful substances released by the power battery or the backup battery. The drainage pump pumps the wastewater out to the filtering device, which is used to filter the harmful substances in the wastewater and store the harmful substances. The filtered water is discharged into the sea.

[0020] In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism is further provided with a fire extinguishing water tank, in which fresh water or pure water is stored; the water suction port of the water inlet pump is connected to the water outlet of the fire extinguishing water tank, and the water outlet of the filtering device is connected to one of the water inlets of the fire extinguishing water tank; when a thermal runaway fire occurs in a single battery pack, a fire occurs in the energy storage chamber due to multiple battery packs, or a fire occurs in the control power supply room, the controller controls the water inlet pump to extract the fresh water or pure water from the fire extinguishing water tank, which is sprayed out from the fire extinguishing water pipe to extinguish the fire and avoid explosion. The drainage pump is also started to discharge waste water to the filtering device, which filters harmful substances in the waste water and stores the harmful substances, and re-injects the filtered water into the fire extinguishing water tank to prepare for providing fire extinguishing water supply for the next round of fire.

[0021] In one embodiment, the wall of the battery compartment is composed of a fireproof plate, a bottom plate and a composite explosion-proof plate from the inside to the outside. The bottom plate and the composite explosion-proof plate are detachably connected. When a fire occurs and the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire, the bottom plate can be removed for inspection.

[0022] In one embodiment, the wall of the protective shell is composed of a composite of steel plate and glass fiber board from the outside to the inside, and the inner surface of the glass fiber board adjacent to the power battery is sprayed with fire retardant paint.

[0023] In one embodiment, the inspection and fool-proofing unit is composed of a visual camera and a key inspection switch, and the visual camera has a thermal imaging function; the energy storage room, the control power room and the electric control room are all equipped with the visual camera for identifying the battery pack or the backup battery where a fire occurs, and transmitting the fire information to the controller; the visual camera is also used to identify the maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room, the control power room and the electric control room, and feed back the personnel information to the controller; a plurality of the key inspection switches are respectively installed on the inspection door, the power maintenance door and the electric control maintenance door.

[0024] In one embodiment, a shock-absorbing mechanism with controllable fulcrum lifting is installed between the bottom of the battery compartment and the power compartment; an electric locking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the battery compartment, and the controller controls the unlocking or locking of the electric locking mechanism; the battery compartment is installed on the shock-absorbing mechanism and is locked to the shock-absorbing mechanism by the electric locking mechanism; the shock-absorbing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the power compartment; when the battery compartment needs to be replaced or an uncontrollable fire occurs in the battery compartment, the controller completely seals all the doors of the battery compartment, and controls the various fulcrums of the shock-absorbing mechanism to tilt the battery compartment toward the lifting door at different lifting heights, and then controls the electric locking mechanism to unlock and unload the battery compartment out of the ship.

[0025] A method for preventing explosion and extinguishing fire by stages is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1, Normal operating temperature control stage: The controller controls the temperature control unit, and controls the room temperature of the energy storage room, power supply room, and electronic control room through the first heat exchange plate, so that the operating temperature of the backup battery is maintained at 20-30°C. The temperature inside the battery pack is controlled through the second heat exchange plate, thereby providing heat dissipation or heating for the power battery, and regulating the temperature of the power battery at 20-30°C.

[0027] S2, normal working inspection stage:

[0028] When opening the inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door, the key needs to be inserted into the corresponding key inspection switch. At this time, the key inspection switch will send the door opening information to the controller, and the controller will determine that the door is open. When the inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door are opened, the unlocking key cannot be pulled out. The key inspection switch will feed back the opening information to the controller, controlling the corresponding inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door to be unable to be closed, preventing the inspection personnel from being locked in the energy storage room, control power room, and electric control room, thereby achieving the first-level anti-error prevention of the inspection;

[0029] The visual camera identifies maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room, power supply room, and electric control room, and feeds the personnel information back to the controller, which controls the corresponding inspection doors, power supply maintenance doors, and electric control maintenance doors to prevent them from being locked in the energy storage room, power supply room, and electric control room, thus achieving secondary anti-error prevention for inspections.

[0030] S3, Fire handling stage:

[0031] The visual camera, the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor of the fire control unit identify the fire in the battery pack or backup battery, and transmit the fire information to the controller. The controller increases the cooling power of the temperature control unit according to the fire level, shields and cuts off the power to the battery pack and backup battery, and finally activates the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire and control the fire, thus achieving fire prevention.

[0032] S3.1. When the temperature sensor detects an increase in the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack's protective housing, the backup battery in the control power room, or the electronic components in the electrical control room, the controller controls the second heat exchange plate to increase the heat exchange power, rapidly reducing the temperatures in the protective housing, the control power room, and the electrical control room, and issues a fire warning.

[0033] S3.2. When the smoke sensor and pressure sensor detect the presence of smoke and rising pressure, or the power battery in the battery pack's protective housing or the backup battery in the control power room experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing and extraction mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire. When the smoke sensor detects the presence of smoke or the burning of electronic components in the electrical control room, the controller issues a fire notification for the electrical control room, unlocks the electrical control access door, and personnel extinguish the fire.

[0034] S3.21. When a single battery pack or power battery in the control power room catches fire, close the inspection door and the power access door, activate the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire in the protective housing of the single battery pack and the control power room, and the controller issues a primary fire notification.

[0035] S3.22: When multiple battery packs explode, the inspection door is closed and the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire in the protective shell and energy storage room of each battery pack. The controller issues a medium-level fire notification.

[0036] S3.3: When more than 70% of the battery packs in the energy storage room are experiencing thermal runaway and burning, close the inspection door, power supply maintenance door, and electrical control maintenance door, activate the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire, and use visual cameras to collect fire images and thermal imaging to collect temperature distribution images;

[0037] S3.31. When the controller determines that the fire is controllable based on the collected fire image, temperature distribution image, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, it issues a high-level fire notification and deactivates all battery packs in the energy storage compartment.

[0038] S3.32. If the controller determines, based on the collected fire images, temperature distribution images, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, that the fire is spreading further and there is a risk of explosion, it will issue a maximum fire alert, activate the damping mechanism to tilt the entire battery compartment toward the hoisting door, and unlock the electric locking mechanism to release the battery compartment outside the ship, preventing the battery compartment from exploding and sinking the ship.

[0039] S4, battery compartment release stage: When floating on the ocean, the battery compartment as a whole remains pressure-sealed. The fire-fighting and filtration mechanism uses the power of the backup battery in the control power room to extract seawater for continuous fire extinguishing. The filtration device collects harmful substances. The controller determines whether the fire is extinguished based on the collected fire images, temperature distribution images, smoke information collected by the smoke sensor, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, and sends a salvage signal to the satellite.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] The hybrid ship explosion-proof battery compartment proposed in this invention significantly improves the active and passive safety of power batteries used in ships, mainly in the following aspects:

[0042] Improving ship safety: The battery compartment's structure and multiple protective mechanisms effectively address the potential safety hazard of battery explosions on ships. Specifically, a temperature control unit regulates the battery's temperature, preventing overheating, thermal runaway, and even explosions, which could lead to fires. A fire control unit within the battery compartment uses temperature, smoke, and pressure sensors to detect fires and automatically trigger fire extinguishing mechanisms, effectively reducing the probability and risk of fire.

[0043] The battery compartment features a modular and removable design: The split design facilitates maintenance and control of batteries and electrical equipment. The battery compartment can be quickly installed and removed as a whole through the power compartment's lifting door, improving the efficiency and convenience of battery compartment installation.

[0044] Accurate Fire Monitoring and Emergency Response: The battery compartment is equipped with fire detection systems including temperature, smoke, and pressure sensors, which provide timely monitoring and data support at the initial stage of a fire. A fire control unit, combined with a fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism, enables precise, graded extinguishing of fires upon occurrence. By draining away combustion byproducts and heat, the spread of the fire is controlled, thereby protecting the battery pack, battery compartment, and hull. The fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism is particularly designed to ensure efficient and safe firefighting without damaging the battery system.

[0045] Optimized Inspection and Safety Management: The energy storage room, power supply room, and electrical control room within the battery compartment are each equipped with a fully sealable door. This, combined with the inspection foolproofing unit, prevents misoperation during inspections, ensuring that each compartment's door is not accidentally closed, enhancing safety during inspections and maintenance. This unit also features real-time fire information recognition, promptly transmitting it to the electrical control system, triggering appropriate temperature control units, fire extinguishing and filtration mechanisms, and emergency response mechanisms to ensure personnel safety.

[0046] Intelligent Control and Remote Monitoring: The controller in the control power room is electrically connected to various units (such as the battery pack, temperature control unit, and fire control unit), enabling real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the battery pack, energy storage room, control power room, and electrical control room. This intelligent control system not only effectively ensures the stable operation of the battery compartment but also responds quickly to abnormal situations, implementing measures such as cooling, fire extinguishing, and compartment sealing to prevent battery explosions.

[0047] Environmentally friendly and comprehensive protection: Through effective fire extinguishing and filtration device design, byproducts and heat from fire are discharged from the battery compartment. While draining away heat, harmful substances are not discharged into the ocean. Instead, they are stored by the filtration device and taken to a battery hazardous material treatment station located on land for treatment, preventing environmental pollution caused by harmful substances leaking from the batteries. Furthermore, through multiple safety measures, the probability of safety accidents during the long-term use of the battery compartment is reduced, enhancing the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the ship's electric propulsion system.

[0048] In summary, the technical solution of the present invention effectively improves the safety of power batteries on ships through innovative design, multiple protections and intelligent control. It not only solves the threat of battery explosion, but also optimizes equipment maintenance, inspection and emergency response mechanisms, providing strong technical support and safety guarantees for the safe and stable operation of hybrid power ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0050] Figure 1 is a top perspective view of an explosion-proof battery compartment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 is a side perspective view of an explosion-proof battery compartment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic side view of a battery compartment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 is a schematic side view of a battery compartment according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a side view of a battery compartment according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] The accompanying drawings are numerals as follows:

[0056] 1. Battery compartment; 11. Inspection door;

[0057] 2. Energy storage room;

[0058] 3. Control power room; 31. Power supply maintenance door; 32. Backup battery;

[0059] 4. Electric control room; 41. Electric control maintenance door; 42. Controller;

[0060] 5. Battery pack;

[0061] 6. Fire control unit; 61. Temperature sensor; 62. Smoke sensor; 63. Pressure sensor; 64. Fire extinguishing filtration mechanism; 641. Fire extinguishing water pipe; 642. Drain pipe; 65. Fire extinguishing water tank; 66. Filter device;

[0062] 7. Inspection foolproof unit; 71. Key inspection switch; 72. Visual camera;

[0063] 8. Temperature control unit; 81. Heat pump unit; 82. First heat exchange plate; 83. Second heat exchange plate; 84. Radiator;

[0064] 91. Shock-absorbing mechanism; 92. Electric locking mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] In a specific embodiment, an explosion-proof battery compartment of a hybrid power ship is provided, which includes an energy storage room, a control power room and an electric control room separated by independent intervals. Each compartment is provided with an independent automatically closable door. The energy storage room is equipped with a battery pack, the control power room is equipped with a backup battery, and the electric control room is equipped with electrical components. In addition, through the provision of a temperature control unit, a fire sensing mechanism and a fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism of a fire management unit, and an inspection and fool-proofing unit, a multiple protection mechanism and intelligent control of fire classification processing and multi-level fool-proofing during inspections are realized, thereby effectively improving the safety of power batteries in use on ships and effectively solving the problem of power battery explosion on ships threatening ship safety.

[0067] In addition, all the contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not necessarily essential as the solution to the invention described in the claims.

[0068] The first implementation of a hybrid ship explosion-proof battery compartment is Figures 1 to 3As shown, it includes a split battery compartment 1, which is installed in the power compartment of the ship in a detachable manner, and a lifting door is provided on one side of the power compartment for entering, installing or unloading the battery compartment 1; the battery compartment 1 is provided with a split energy storage room 2, a control power room 3 and an electric control room 4, and a completely sealed inspection door 11 is provided on one side of the battery compartment 1 for entering the energy storage room 2, and a completely sealed power inspection door 31 for entering the control power room 3 and an electric control inspection door 41 for entering the electric control room 4 are provided on the other side; and a battery pack 5 consisting of a power battery and a protective shell; multiple battery packs 5 are installed in the energy storage room 2 to supply power to the ship's drive motor; the control The control power supply room 3 is equipped with a backup battery 32 to independently power the electric control room 4; and a temperature control unit 8, which includes a heat pump unit 81, a first heat exchange plate 82, a second heat exchange plate 83 and a radiator 84. The energy storage room 2, the control power supply room 3 and the electric control room 4 are all equipped with a first heat exchange plate 82; the second heat exchange plate 83 is installed in a protective shell to regulate the temperature of the power battery; and a fire control unit 6, which includes a temperature sensor 61, a smoke sensor 62, a pressure sensor 63 and a fire extinguishing filter mechanism 64; the temperature sensor 61, the smoke sensor 62 and the pressure sensor 63 constitute a fire sensing mechanism and are respectively arranged in multiple battery packs 5, the energy storage room 2 , control power room 3 and electric control room 4, respectively used to monitor the power battery inside a single battery pack 5, multiple battery packs 5 in the energy storage room 2, backup battery 32, and fire conditions of electronic components in the electric control room 4; the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 is installed outside the battery compartment 1 and is connected to the battery compartment 1 in combination; the water inlet side and the drainage side of the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 are respectively connected to the energy storage room 2, the protective shell of the single battery pack 5 and the control power room 3, and are used to grade the water intake and drainage to the single battery pack 5, the energy storage room 2, and the control power room 3 to extinguish the fire and take away the by-products and heat of the combustion when a fire occurs; the drainage side is connected to the filtering device 66; and the inspection and foolproofing unit 7, the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3 and the electric control room The control rooms 4 are all equipped with inspection and anti-foolproofing units 7, which are used to prevent the inspection door 11, power maintenance door 31 and electric control maintenance door 41 from automatically closing when the inspection personnel enter the energy storage room 2, control power room 3 and electric control room 4 for inspection or maintenance, and to identify fire information and transmit the fire information to the controller 42; the controller 42 of the electric control room 4 is electrically connected to the battery pack 5, temperature control unit 8, fire control unit 6, filter device 66 and inspection and anti-foolproofing unit 7 respectively, and is used to control and supply power to the ship's drive motor, monitor the power battery, backup battery 32 and the status of the electric control room 4, control the fire conditions of the battery pack 5, energy storage room 2, control power room 3 and electric control room 4, and avoid explosion of the battery compartment 1.

[0069] When applying, Figure 1 The arrow is the patrol direction arrow for inspection inside the battery compartment 1.

[0070] As one optional implementation method,

[0071] The specific structure and function of the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 are as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 includes a water inlet pump, a fire extinguishing water pipe 641, a main water valve, a sub-water valve, a drain pipe 642, a drain valve, a drain pump and a filtering device 66; the water outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the main water valve, and the main water valve is connected to multiple sub-water valves; the sub-water valve is connected to the fire extinguishing water pipe 641; the nozzles of multiple fire extinguishing water pipes 641 are respectively arranged at the top of the energy storage chamber 2, the bottom of the protective shell and the top of the control power supply chamber 3; the water suction ports of multiple drain pipes 642 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the energy storage chamber 2, the top of the protective shell and the bottom of the control power supply chamber 3; the drain pipe 642 is connected to the drain valve, and multiple drain valves are all connected to the drain pump, and the drain pump is connected to the water inlet of the filtering device 66.

[0072] The sub-water valve is used to control the water spraying action of a single fire extinguishing water pipe 641 .

[0073] Furthermore, a sub-drain valve is provided between the drain valve and the drain pipe 642 , and the sub-drain valve is used to control the drainage action of a single drain pipe 642 .

[0074] During application, the main water valve, sub-water valve and drain valve are all electrically controlled valves, and are controlled to open and close by the controller 42. In conjunction with the control of the water inlet pump and the drain pump by the controller 42, independent fire extinguishing or coordinated fire extinguishing at multiple locations can be achieved for a single or multiple battery packs 5, the energy storage room 2, and the control power supply room 3 according to the location of the fire. Secondary harmful substances generated by thermal runaway of the power battery or the backup battery 32 are filtered and stored through the filtering device 66, and then the waste water is discharged. In this way, when the battery has thermal runaway, it is possible to achieve fixed-point, independent and coordinated fire extinguishing, handle the fire, achieve precise fire control, and implement graded fire extinguishing, thereby achieving an anti-explosion effect when the battery has thermal runaway; solving the problems of slow and imprecise fire control and difficulty in avoiding battery explosion.

[0075] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fire extinguishing liquid drawn into the water inlet of the water inlet pump is seawater, which is sprayed by the fire extinguishing water pipe 641 to the single battery pack 5 where the fire occurs, multiple battery packs 5 causing fire in the energy storage room 2 and the control power supply room 3. After the fire is extinguished, the wastewater contains harmful substances released by the power battery or the backup battery 32. The drainage pump pumps the wastewater out to the filter device 66, which is used to filter the harmful substances in the wastewater and store the harmful substances. The filtered water is discharged into the sea.

[0076] Regarding the explosion-proof structure of the above-mentioned battery compartment 1, the wall of the battery compartment 1 is composed of a fireproof plate, a bottom plate and a composite explosion-proof plate from the inside to the outside. The bottom plate and the composite explosion-proof plate are detachably connected. When a fire occurs, the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 is activated to extinguish the fire. The bottom plate can be removed for inspection.

[0077] Since the layout of the battery compartment 1 is split, the power battery, the controller 42 and the backup battery 32 powered by the controller 42 are separated one by one in the battery compartment 1. When a fire occurs in the battery or the control element, they can be sealed independently to prevent the spread of the fire, thereby avoiding the dangerous phenomenon of the entire battery compartment 1 exploding. In addition, when a fire occurs, the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3 or the electric control room 4 where the fire occurs can be independently extinguished, so that the fire control is more accurate, the development of the fire is more effectively controlled, and the explosion-proof effect is achieved from the root of the battery.

[0078] When used, the composite explosion-proof panel includes a glass fiber plate layer arranged on the inner side, an aluminum alloy plate layer arranged on the outer side, and a carbon fiber layer arranged between the glass fiber plate layer and the aluminum alloy plate layer.

[0079] Regarding the explosion-proof structure of the protective shell of the above-mentioned battery pack 5, the wall of the protective shell is composed of a composite of steel plate and fiberglass plate from the outside to the inside, and the inner surface of the fiberglass plate adjacent to the power battery is sprayed with fire retardant paint.

[0080] Since multiple battery packs 5 need to be set up in the energy storage room 2 to form a complete set of power battery clusters to power the ship's motors, the batteries in the entire compartment are separated to form battery packs 5. Each battery pack 5 is equipped with an independent protective shell, a second heat exchange plate 83 for temperature control, and a water inlet and drain pipe 642 for fire extinguishing. When an abnormal temperature rise or fire occurs in a single or multiple power batteries in the battery pack 5, it can be quickly detected by the temperature sensor 61, the smoke sensor 62, and the pressure sensor 63, and point-to-point temperature control or fire extinguishing can be performed, thereby realizing hierarchical fire extinguishing and realizing the anti-explosion function starting from a single battery pack 5.

[0081] Regarding the composition structure of the above-mentioned inspection foolproof unit 7, Figure 1 As shown, the inspection and foolproofing unit 7 consists of a visual camera 72 and a key inspection switch 71, and the visual camera 72 has a thermal imaging function; the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3 and the electric control room 4 are all equipped with visual cameras 72 for identifying the battery pack 5 or the backup battery 32 where a fire occurs, and transmitting the fire information to the controller 42; the visual camera 72 is also used to identify the maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3 and the electric control room 4, and feed back the personnel information to the controller 42; multiple key inspection switches 71 are respectively installed on the inspection door 11, the power maintenance door 31 and the electric control maintenance door 41.

[0082] When in use, the first-level anti-error inspection of the inspection is achieved through the key inspection switch 71: when opening the inspection door 11, the power inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41, the key needs to be inserted into the corresponding key inspection switch 71. At this time, the key inspection switch 71 sends the door opening information to the controller 42, and the controller 42 determines that the door is open; and when the inspection door 11, the power inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41 are opened, the unlocking key cannot be pulled out. The key inspection switch 71 feeds back the opening information to the controller 42, controlling the corresponding inspection door 11, the power inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41 to be unable to be closed, thereby preventing the inspection personnel from being locked in the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4;

[0083] The visual camera 72 is used to realize secondary anti-error during inspection: the visual camera 72 identifies maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4, and feeds back the personnel information to the controller 42, which controls the corresponding inspection door 11, the power maintenance door 31, and the electric control maintenance door 41 to prevent them from being closed, thereby preventing the inspection personnel from being locked in the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4, thereby realizing secondary anti-error during inspection;

[0084] Through the visual camera 72, temperature sensor 61, smoke sensor 62 and pressure sensor 63, the battery status and fire data are comprehensively and accurately acquired, and the hierarchical fire control algorithm of the controller 42 is cooperated to realize fire prevention: the visual camera 72, the temperature sensor 61, smoke sensor 62 and pressure sensor 63 of the fire control unit 6 recognize that a fire has occurred in the battery pack 5 and the backup battery 32, and the fire information is transmitted to the controller 42. The controller 42 increases the cooling power of the temperature control unit 8 according to the fire classification, shields and cuts off the power to the battery pack 5 and the backup battery 32, and finally starts the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64 to extinguish the fire and control the fire.

[0085] The hybrid ship explosion-proof battery compartment 1 proposed by the present invention has significant improvements in active and passive safety when power batteries are used on ships, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0086] (1) Improving ship safety: The structure of the battery compartment 1 and multiple protective mechanisms or units effectively address the potential safety hazards of power batteries on ships that may cause explosions. In particular, the temperature control unit 8 regulates the temperature of the power battery to avoid thermal runaway, excessive fire, and even explosions caused by overheating of the battery. The fire control unit 6 installed in the battery compartment 1 uses the temperature sensor 61, smoke sensor 62, and pressure sensor 63 to promptly detect the fire situation and automatically trigger the fire extinguishing mechanism, effectively reducing the probability and risk of fire.

[0087] (2) The battery compartment 1 has a modular and detachable design: The battery compartment 1 adopts a split design, which facilitates the maintenance and control of batteries and electrical equipment. Through the lifting door of the power compartment, the battery compartment 1 can be quickly installed and uninstalled as a whole, improving the operational efficiency and convenience of the battery compartment 1 installation.

[0088] (3) Accurate fire monitoring and emergency response: The fire sensing mechanism equipped in the battery compartment 1 includes temperature, smoke and pressure sensors 63, which can monitor and provide data support in the early stage of the fire. Through the fire control unit 6, combined with the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64, it is possible to accurately extinguish the fire in stages when it occurs, and to remove the by-products and heat of the combustion by draining away the water, thereby controlling the speed of the fire spread and protecting the safety of the battery pack 5, the battery compartment 1 and the hull in turn. In particular, the design of the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64 can ensure the efficiency and safety of the fire extinguishing operation without damaging the battery system.

[0089] (4) Optimize inspection and safety management: At the same time, the energy storage room 2, control power room 3 and electric control room 4 in the battery compartment 1 are each equipped with a fully sealed door. In conjunction with the inspection foolproof unit 7, it can avoid misoperation during the inspection process, ensure that the doors of each compartment are not accidentally closed, and improve the safety of the inspection and maintenance process. The unit also has a real-time recognition function for fire information, which can promptly transmit fire information to the electric control system, thereby triggering the corresponding use of the temperature control unit 8, the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64, and the emergency response mechanism to ensure personnel safety.

[0090] (5) Intelligent control and remote monitoring: The controller 42 in the control power room 3 is electrically connected to each unit (such as the battery pack 5, temperature control unit 8, fire control unit 6, etc.), which can realize real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the battery pack 5, energy storage room 2, control power room 3 and electric control room 4. Through the intelligent control system, not only can the stable operation of the battery compartment 1 be effectively guaranteed, but also a quick response can be made in abnormal situations, taking measures such as cooling, extinguishing fires, and sealing the compartment to avoid battery explosions in the battery compartment 1.

[0091] (6) Environmental friendliness and comprehensive protection: Through the effective fire extinguishing and filtering device 66 design, the by-products and heat of the fire are discharged from the battery compartment 1. While the water removes the heat, the harmful substances are not discharged into the ocean. Instead, the harmful substances are stored by the filtering device 66 and taken to the battery harmful substance treatment station set up on land for treatment, thereby preventing the harmful substances leaked from the battery from polluting the environment. At the same time, through multiple safety measures, the probability of safety accidents occurring in the battery compartment 1 during long-term use is reduced, thereby improving the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the ship's electric propulsion system.

[0092] (7) The technical solution of the present invention effectively improves the safety of power batteries on ships through innovative design, multiple protection and intelligent control. It not only solves the threat of battery explosion, but also optimizes equipment maintenance, inspection and emergency response mechanisms, providing strong technical support and safety guarantees for the safe and stable operation of hybrid power ships.

[0093] The second embodiment of the explosion-proof battery compartment of the hybrid ship is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the fire extinguishing filtration mechanism 64 is further provided with a fire extinguishing water tank 65, in which fresh water or pure water is stored; the water suction port of the water inlet pump is connected to the water outlet of the fire extinguishing water tank 65, and the water outlet of the filtering device 66 is connected to one of the water inlets of the fire extinguishing water tank 65.

[0094] During application, when a single battery pack 5 has a thermal runaway fire, multiple battery packs 5 cause a fire in the energy storage room 2, or a fire in the control power supply room 3, the controller 42 controls the water inlet pump to pump out fresh water or pure water from the fire extinguishing water tank 65, which is sprayed out from the fire extinguishing water pipe 641 to extinguish the fire and avoid explosion. The drainage pump also starts to discharge waste water to the filter device 66. The filter device 66 filters the harmful substances in the waste water and stores the harmful substances, and re-injects the filtered water into the fire extinguishing water tank 65 to prepare for providing fire extinguishing water supply for the next round of fire.

[0095] A third embodiment of the explosion-proof battery compartment of a hybrid ship is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a shock-absorbing mechanism 91 with controllable fulcrum lifting is installed between the bottom of the battery compartment 1 and the power compartment; an electric locking mechanism 92 is provided at the bottom of the battery compartment 1, and the controller 42 controls the unlocking or locking of the electric locking mechanism 92; the battery compartment 1 is installed on the shock-absorbing mechanism 91 and is locked to the shock-absorbing mechanism 91 by the electric locking mechanism 92 shown; the shock-absorbing mechanism 91 is installed at the bottom of the power compartment; when the battery compartment 1 needs to be replaced or an uncontrollable fire occurs in the battery compartment 1, the controller 42 completely seals all the doors of the battery compartment 1, and controls the various fulcrums of the shock-absorbing mechanism 91 to tilt the battery compartment 1 toward the lifting door at different lifting heights, and then controls the electric locking mechanism 92 to unlock, and unload the battery compartment 1 out of the ship.

[0096] When applying, Figure 5 The arrows in FIG. 9 are the lifting and lowering arrows of the shock absorbing mechanism 91 .

[0097] Based on the above embodiment of the explosion-proof battery compartment of a hybrid ship, a method for explosion-proof graded fire extinguishing is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0098] S1, normal operating temperature control stage: The controller 42 controls the temperature control unit 8, and controls the room temperature of the energy storage chamber 2, the power supply chamber 3, and the electric control chamber 4 through the first heat exchange plate 82, so that the operating temperature of the backup battery 32 is maintained at 20-30°C. The temperature inside the battery pack 5 is controlled through the second heat exchange plate 83, thereby providing heat dissipation or heating for the power battery, and regulating the temperature of the power battery to 20-30°C.

[0099] S2, normal working inspection stage:

[0100] When opening the inspection door 11, the power supply inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41, it is necessary to insert the key into the corresponding key inspection switch 71. At this time, the key inspection switch 71 sends the door opening information to the controller 42, and the controller 42 determines that the door is open; and when the inspection door 11, the power supply inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41 are opened, the unlocking key cannot be pulled out. The key inspection switch 71 feeds back the opening information to the controller 42, controlling the corresponding inspection door 11, the power supply inspection door 31, and the electric control inspection door 41 to be unable to be closed, thereby preventing the inspection personnel from being locked in the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4, thereby realizing the first-level anti-foolproofing of the inspection;

[0101] The visual camera 72 identifies the maintenance personnel who enter the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4, and feeds back the personnel information to the controller 42, which controls the corresponding inspection door 11, the power maintenance door 31, and the electric control maintenance door 41 to prevent them from being locked in the energy storage room 2, the control power room 3, and the electric control room 4, thereby achieving secondary anti-error prevention for inspections;

[0102] S3, Fire handling stage:

[0103] The visual camera 72, the temperature sensor 61 and the smoke sensor 62 of the fire control unit 6 recognize that a fire has occurred in the battery pack 5 and the backup battery 32, and transmit the fire information to the controller 42. The controller 42 increases the cooling power of the temperature control unit 8 according to the fire level, shields and cuts off the power to the battery pack 5 and the backup battery 32, and finally activates the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 to extinguish the fire and control the fire, thereby achieving fire prevention.

[0104] S3.1. When temperature sensor 61 detects an increase in the temperature of the power battery within the protective housing of battery pack 5, the backup battery 32 within the control power supply compartment 3, or the electronic components within the electrical control compartment 4, controller 42 controls second heat exchange plate 83 to increase the heat exchange power, rapidly reducing the temperatures within the protective housing, control power supply compartment 3, and electrical control compartment 4, and issues a fire warning.

[0105] S3.2. When the smoke sensor 62 and the pressure sensor 63 detect the presence of smoke and rising pressure, indicating thermal runaway of the power battery within the protective housing of the battery pack 5 or thermal runaway of the backup battery 32 within the control power supply room 3, the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 is activated to extinguish the fire. When the smoke sensor 62 detects the presence of smoke and combustion of electronic components within the electrical control room 4, the controller 42 issues a fire notification for the electrical control room 4, unlocks the electrical control access door 41, and personnel extinguish the fire.

[0106] S3.21. If a fire occurs in a single battery pack 5 or in the power battery in the control power supply room 3, the inspection door and power supply maintenance door 31 are closed, and the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64 is activated to extinguish the fire in the protective housing of the single battery pack 5 and in the control power supply room 3, respectively. The controller 42 issues a primary fire notification.

[0107] S3.22. When multiple battery packs 5 explode, the inspection door 11 is closed, and the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism 64 is activated to extinguish the fire in the protective housing of each battery pack 5 and the energy storage chamber 2. The controller 42 issues an intermediate fire notification.

[0108] S3.3: When more than 70% of the battery packs 5 in the energy storage chamber 2 are experiencing thermal runaway and burning, the inspection door 11, power supply maintenance door 31, and electrical control maintenance door 41 are closed, the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64 is activated to extinguish the fire, and the visual camera 72 collects images of the fire and uses thermal imaging to collect images of the temperature distribution.

[0109] S3.31. When controller 42 determines that the fire is controllable based on the collected fire image, temperature distribution image, and pressure data collected by pressure sensor 63, controller 42 issues a high-level fire notification and deactivates all battery packs 5 in energy storage chamber 2.

[0110] S3.32: If controller 42 determines, based on the collected fire image, temperature distribution image, and pressure data collected by pressure sensor 63, that the fire is spreading further and there is a risk of explosion, controller 42 issues a highest-level fire notification, activates cushioning mechanism 91, tilts the entire battery compartment 1 toward the hoisting door, and unlocks the electric locking mechanism, releasing battery compartment 1 outside the ship to prevent the battery compartment 1 from exploding and sinking the ship.

[0111] S4, battery compartment 1 release stage: When floating on the ocean, the battery compartment 1 as a whole remains pressure-sealed, the fire-extinguishing and filtration mechanism 64 uses the power of the backup battery 32 of the control power supply room 3 to extract seawater for continuous fire extinguishing, the filtering device 66 collects harmful substances, and the controller 42 determines whether the fire is extinguished based on the collected fire image, temperature distribution image, smoke information collected by the smoke sensor 62, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor 63, and sends a salvage signal to the satellite.

[0112] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof battery compartment for a hybrid ship, characterized in that: The battery compartment comprises a split type, which is detachably mounted in the power compartment of the ship. A lifting door is provided on one side of the power compartment for entering, installing, or unloading the battery compartment. The battery compartment is provided with a separate energy storage room, a control power room and an electric control room. A completely sealed inspection door is provided on one side of the battery compartment for entering the energy storage room, and a completely sealed power supply inspection door for entering the control power room and an electric control inspection door for entering the electric control room are provided on the other side. and a battery pack consisting of a power battery and a protective shell; a plurality of the battery packs are installed in the energy storage room to power the ship's drive motor; a backup battery is installed in the control power room to independently power the electric control room; and a temperature control unit, the temperature control unit comprising a heat pump unit, a first heat exchange plate, a second heat exchange plate, and a radiator, the first heat exchange plate being installed in the energy storage chamber, the control power supply chamber, and the electric control chamber; the second heat exchange plate being installed in the protective housing and being used to control the temperature of the power battery; and a fire control unit, which includes a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a pressure sensor, and a fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism; The temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, and the pressure sensor constitute a fire sensing mechanism, and are respectively arranged in the multiple battery packs, the energy storage chamber, the control power supply chamber, and the electric control chamber, and are respectively used to monitor the fire conditions of the power battery inside a single battery pack, the multiple battery packs in the energy storage chamber, the backup battery, and the electronic components in the electric control chamber; The fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism is installed outside the battery compartment and is connected to the battery compartment assembly; the water inlet side and the drainage side of the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism are respectively connected to the energy storage chamber, the protective shell of a single battery pack and the control power supply chamber, and are used to gradedly supply water to the single battery pack, the energy storage chamber, and the control power supply chamber to extinguish the fire and drain away the by-products and heat of combustion when a fire occurs; the drainage side is connected to a filtering device; and an inspection fool-proofing unit, the energy storage room, the control power room, and the electric control room are all equipped with the inspection fool-proofing unit, which is used to prevent the inspection door, the power supply maintenance door, and the electric control maintenance door from automatically closing when the inspection personnel enter the energy storage room, the control power room, and the electric control room for inspection or maintenance, and to identify fire information and transmit the fire information to the controller; The controller of the electrical control room is electrically connected to the battery pack, the temperature control unit, the fire control unit, the filtering device and the inspection and anti-foolproofing unit respectively, and is used to control and supply power to the ship's drive motor, monitor the status of the power battery, the backup battery and the electrical control room, manage the fire conditions of the battery pack, the energy storage room, the control power room and the electrical control room, and avoid explosion in the battery compartment.

2. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism includes a water inlet pump, a fire extinguishing water pipe, a main water valve, a sub-water valve, a drain pipe, a drain valve, a drain pump and the filtering device; The water outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the main water valve, and the main water valve is connected to the plurality of sub-water valves; the sub-water valves are connected to the fire extinguishing water pipe; The nozzles of the plurality of fire extinguishing water pipes are respectively arranged on the top of the energy storage chamber, the bottom of the protective shell and the top of the control power supply chamber; The water extraction ports of the plurality of drainage pipes are respectively arranged at the bottom of the energy storage chamber, the top of the protective shell and the bottom of the control power supply chamber; The drain pipe is communicated with the drain valve, a plurality of drain valves are communicated with the drain pump, and the drain pump is communicated with the water inlet of the filter device.

3. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing liquid drawn into the water inlet of the water inlet pump is seawater, which is sprayed by the fire extinguishing water pipe onto the single battery pack where fire occurs, the multiple battery packs causing fire in the energy storage room, and the control power supply room. After the fire is extinguished, the wastewater contains harmful substances released by the power battery or the backup battery. The drainage pump pumps the wastewater out to the filtering device, which is used to filter the harmful substances in the wastewater and store the harmful substances. The filtered water is discharged into the sea.

4. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism is further provided with a fire extinguishing water tank, in which fresh water or pure water is stored; the water inlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the water outlet of the fire extinguishing water tank, and the water outlet of the filtering device is connected to one of the water inlets of the fire extinguishing water tank; When a single battery pack has a thermal runaway fire, multiple battery packs cause a fire in the energy storage room, or a fire in the control power supply room, the controller controls the water inlet pump to pump out fresh water or pure water from the fire extinguishing water tank, which is sprayed out from the fire extinguishing water pipe to extinguish the fire and avoid explosion. The drainage pump also starts to discharge waste water to the filter device. The filter device filters harmful substances in the waste water and stores the harmful substances, and re-injects the filtered water into the fire extinguishing water tank to prepare for providing fire extinguishing water supply for the next round of fire.

5. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall of the battery compartment is composed of a fireproof plate, a bottom plate and a composite explosion-proof plate from the inside to the outside. The bottom plate and the composite explosion-proof plate are detachably connected. After the fire extinguishing and filtering mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire in the event of a fire, the bottom plate can be removed for inspection.

6. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the protective shell is composed of a composite of steel plates and glass fiber boards from the outside to the inside, and the inner surface of the glass fiber board adjacent to the power battery is sprayed with fire retardant paint.

7. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection and foolproofing unit is composed of a visual camera and a key inspection switch, and the visual camera has a thermal imaging function; The energy storage room, the control power room and the electric control room are all equipped with the visual camera for identifying the battery pack or the backup battery where a fire occurs and transmitting the fire information to the controller; The visual camera is also used to identify maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room, the control power room and the electric control room, and feed back personnel information to the controller; A plurality of key inspection switches are respectively installed on the inspection door, the power supply inspection door and the electric control inspection door.

8. The explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing mechanism capable of controlling the lifting and lowering of a fulcrum is installed between the bottom of the battery compartment and the power compartment; An electric locking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the battery compartment, and the controller controls the unlocking or locking of the electric locking mechanism; the battery compartment is mounted on the shock absorbing mechanism and is locked to the shock absorbing mechanism by the electric locking mechanism; The shock absorbing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the power compartment; When the battery compartment needs to be replaced or an uncontrollable fire occurs in the battery compartment, the controller completely seals all the doors of the battery compartment, controls the various fulcrums of the shock-absorbing mechanism to tilt the battery compartment toward the lifting door at different lifting heights, and then controls the electric locking mechanism to unlock and unload the battery compartment out of the ship.

9. A method for explosion-proof and graded fire extinguishing of an explosion-proof battery compartment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, Normal operating temperature control stage: The controller controls the temperature control unit, and controls the room temperature of the energy storage room, power supply room, and electronic control room through the first heat exchange plate, so that the operating temperature of the backup battery is maintained at 20-30°C. The temperature inside the battery pack is controlled through the second heat exchange plate, thereby providing heat dissipation or heating for the power battery, and regulating the temperature of the power battery at 20-30°C. S2, normal working inspection stage: When opening the inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door, the key needs to be inserted into the corresponding key inspection switch. At this time, the key inspection switch will send the door opening information to the controller, and the controller will determine that the door is open. When the inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door are opened, the unlocking key cannot be pulled out. The key inspection switch will feed back the opening information to the controller, controlling the corresponding inspection door, power supply inspection door, and electric control inspection door to be unable to be closed, preventing the inspection personnel from being locked in the energy storage room, control power room, and electric control room, thereby achieving the first-level anti-error prevention of the inspection; The visual camera identifies maintenance personnel entering the energy storage room, power supply room, and electric control room, and feeds the personnel information back to the controller, which controls the corresponding inspection doors, power supply maintenance doors, and electric control maintenance doors to prevent them from being locked in the energy storage room, power supply room, and electric control room, thus achieving secondary anti-error prevention for inspections. S3, Fire handling stage: The visual camera, the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor of the fire control unit identify the fire in the battery pack or backup battery, and transmit the fire information to the controller. The controller increases the cooling power of the temperature control unit according to the fire level, shields and cuts off the power to the battery pack and backup battery, and finally activates the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire and control the fire, thus achieving fire prevention. S3.

1. When the temperature sensor detects an increase in the temperature of the power battery in the battery pack's protective housing, the backup battery in the control power room, or the electronic components in the electrical control room, the controller controls the second heat exchange plate to increase the heat exchange power, rapidly reducing the temperatures in the protective housing, the control power room, and the electrical control room, and issues a fire warning. S3.

2. When the smoke sensor and pressure sensor detect the presence of smoke and rising pressure, or when the power battery in the battery pack's protective housing or the backup battery in the control power room experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire. When the smoke sensor detects the presence of smoke or the burning of electronic components in the electrical control room, the controller issues a fire notification for the electrical control room, unlocks the electrical control access door, and personnel extinguish the fire. S3.

21. When a single battery pack or power battery in the control power room catches fire, close the inspection door and the power access door, activate the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire in the protective housing of the single battery pack and the control power room, and the controller issues a primary fire notification. S3.22: When multiple battery packs explode, the inspection door is closed and the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism is activated to extinguish the fire in the protective shell of each battery pack and the energy storage room. The controller issues a medium-level fire notification. S3.3: When more than 70% of the battery packs in the energy storage room are experiencing thermal runaway and burning, close the inspection door, power supply maintenance door, and electrical control maintenance door, activate the fire extinguishing and filtration mechanism to extinguish the fire, and use visual cameras to collect fire images and thermal imaging to collect temperature distribution images; S3.

31. When the controller determines that the fire is controllable based on the collected fire image, temperature distribution image, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, it issues a high-level fire notification and deactivates all battery packs in the energy storage compartment. S3.

32. If the controller determines, based on the collected fire images, temperature distribution images, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, that the fire is spreading further and there is a risk of explosion, it will issue a maximum fire alert, activate the damping mechanism to tilt the entire battery compartment toward the hoisting door, and unlock the electric locking mechanism to release the battery compartment outside the ship, preventing the battery compartment from exploding and sinking the ship. S4, battery compartment release stage: When floating on the ocean, the battery compartment as a whole remains pressure-sealed. The fire-fighting and filtration mechanism uses the power of the backup battery in the control power room to extract seawater for continuous fire extinguishing. The filtration device collects harmful substances. The controller determines whether the fire is extinguished based on the collected fire images, temperature distribution images, smoke information collected by the smoke sensor, and pressure data collected by the pressure sensor, and sends a salvage signal to the satellite.

Images