New energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage power distribution module optimization system

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage power distribution module optimization system which comprises a battery positive end, a battery negative end, a pre-charging circuit, a main drive unit, a main contactor KM1, an auxiliary drive and electric accessory unit and an auxiliary contactor KM3. A first switch selection branch is arranged between the main contactor KM1 and the main drive unit, the positive end of the battery is further connected with the auxiliary drive and electric accessory unit through an auxiliary contactor KM3, and a second switch selection branch is arranged between the auxiliary drive and electric accessory unit and the auxiliary contactor KM3. The first switch selection branch circuit and the second switch selection branch circuit are electrically connected with the positive end of the battery through the pre-charging circuit, the auxiliary drive and electric accessory unit and the main drive unit are further electrically connected with the negative end of the battery, a high-voltage framework is effectively simplified, the pre-charging circuit is saved, safety is improved, meanwhile, active protection can be achieved through high-voltage power distribution, and repeated use can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and in particular relates to a pre-charging circuit and a high-voltage distribution module optimization system for a new energy commercial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the electrical high-voltage architecture of new energy commercial vehicles generally adopts an integrated controller solution, that is, integrating the motor controller, steering controller, air compressor controller, DC / DC converter, high-voltage power distribution, etc. Figure 1 As shown, the pre-charging circuit of the motor controller consists of a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor, and a pre-charging resistor. The auxiliary drive all-in-one pre-charging circuit consists of an electrical accessory contactor, a pre-charging contactor, and a pre-charging resistor. The entire electrical high-voltage architecture consists of two pre-charging contactors and a pre-charging resistor, which makes the high-voltage architecture cumbersome. In addition, during the repeated power on and off of the vehicle, the pre-charging circuit is repeatedly activated, causing serious heat generation of the pre-charging resistor, posing a safety risk of ablation. High-voltage power distribution such as electric defrosting and electric heating uses contactors and fuses. Although passive protection can be achieved in the event of an abnormal load short circuit, active protection cannot be achieved, and the protection is one-time and cannot be reused. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system.

[0004] The specific plan is as follows: A new energy commercial vehicle precharging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system, comprising a battery positive terminal, a battery negative terminal, a precharging circuit, a main drive unit, a main contactor KM1, an auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit and an auxiliary contactor KM3, wherein the battery positive terminal is connected to the main drive unit through the main contactor KM1, a first switch selection branch is arranged between the main contactor KM1 and the main drive unit, the battery positive terminal is also connected to the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit through the auxiliary contactor KM3, a second switch selection branch is arranged between the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit and the auxiliary contactor KM3, the first switch selection branch and the second switch selection branch are both electrically connected to the battery positive terminal through the precharging circuit, and the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit and the main drive unit are also electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0005] The auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit includes an auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, a steering motor EPS, an air compressor ACM, a DC power supply interface, an air conditioner, an electric defroster, an electric heater and a high-voltage distribution module. The electric defroster and the electric heater are connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the high-voltage distribution module, and the steering motor EPS, the air compressor ACM and the DC power supply interface are all electrically connected to the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller. The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, the air conditioner, the electric defroster and the electric heater are also electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the auxiliary contactor KM3.

[0006] The high-voltage power distribution module includes a sampling resistor R2 and a power semiconductor switch tube Q1, the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to the sampling resistor R2, and the electric defroster and the electric heater are both electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 and the sampling resistor R2.

[0007] The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is provided with a first fuse FU5, and the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the first fuse FU5. The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller includes an electric steering motor controller, an electric air compressor controller and a DC / DC controller.

[0008] The charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor KM2 and a pre-charging resistor R1, the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the pre-charging resistor R1 are connected in series, and the pre-charging resistor R1 is a PTC resistor.

[0009] The first switch selection branch is provided with a first switch tube Qhc1, and the second switch selection branch is provided with a second switch tube Qhc2. Both the first switch tube Qhc1 and the second switch tube Qhc2 are semiconductor power switch tubes.

[0010] The main drive unit includes a drive motor controller and a motor, and the motor is electrically connected to the drive motor controller.

[0011] The present invention discloses a new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage power distribution module optimization system. A pre-charging circuit, a first switch selection branch and a second switch selection branch are provided. The first switch selection branch and the second switch selection branch are used to enable the pre-charging circuit to have a time-sharing multiplexing function, effectively simplify the high-voltage architecture, save the pre-charging circuit, and improve safety. At the same time, the high-voltage power distribution can realize active protection and can be reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage architecture of new energy commercial vehicles in the prior art.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage architecture of a new energy commercial vehicle of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first switch selection branch and a second switch selection branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the implementation of the present invention, not all of the implementations. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 2 As shown, a new energy commercial vehicle precharging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system includes a battery positive terminal, a battery negative terminal, a precharging circuit 1, a main drive unit 4, a main contactor KM1, an auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit 5 and an auxiliary contactor KM3. The battery positive terminal is connected to the main drive unit 4 through the main contactor KM1, and a first switch selection branch 2 is arranged between the main contactor KM1 and the main drive unit 4. The battery positive terminal is also connected to the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit 5 through the auxiliary contactor KM3, and a second switch selection branch 3 is arranged between the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit 5 and the auxiliary contactor KM3. The first switch selection branch 2 and the second switch selection branch 3 are both electrically connected to the battery positive terminal through the precharging circuit 1, and the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit 5 and the main drive unit 4 are also electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0017] The auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit 5 includes an auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, a steering motor EPS, an air compressor ACM, a DC power supply interface, an air conditioner, an electric defroster, an electric heater and a high-voltage distribution module. The electric defroster and the electric heater are connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the high-voltage distribution module, and the steering motor EPS, the air compressor ACM and the DC power supply interface are all electrically connected to the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller. The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, the air conditioner, the electric defroster and the electric heater are also electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery through the auxiliary contactor KM3.

[0018] The high-voltage power distribution module includes a sampling resistor R2 and a power semiconductor switch tube Q1, the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 is electrically connected to the sampling resistor R2, and the electric defroster and the electric heater are electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 and the sampling resistor R2. In this embodiment, the switching control of the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 is controlled by the vehicle-mounted controller, and the power semiconductor switch tube Q1 is any one of a MOS tube, a transistor or a field effect tube.

[0019] The high-voltage power distribution module is composed of a power semiconductor switch tube Q1 and a sampling resistor R2 in series, which can realize the contactor disconnection function and the fuse fusing function. At the same time, the current can be monitored by using a resistor. When the current is abnormal, the power semiconductor switch is actively disconnected to achieve active protection without damage and can be reused; because the power semiconductor switch is turned on and off by controlling the carrier, it can further achieve complete physical power off. The high-voltage power distribution module not only includes electric defrosting and electric heating power distribution, but the same method can be extended to resistive loads such as battery heating.

[0020] The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is provided with a first fuse FU5, and the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the first fuse FU5. The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller includes an electric steering motor controller, an electric air compressor controller and a DC / DC controller.

[0021] The charging circuit includes a pre-charging contactor KM2 and a pre-charging resistor R1, which are connected in series. The pre-charging resistor R1 is a PTC resistor. The pre-charging resistor adopts a PTC resistor. During the repeated power on and off of the vehicle, if the temperature rises, the resistance will increase, thereby avoiding damage to the pre-charging resistor due to excessive current caused by repeated power on and off, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first switch tube Qhc1 is provided on the first switch selection branch 2, and a second switch tube Qhc2 is provided on the second switch selection branch 3. The first switch tube Qhc1 and the second switch tube Qhc2 are both semiconductor power switch tubes, and the semiconductor power switch tube is any one of a MOS tube, a transistor or a field effect tube.

[0023] The main drive unit 4 includes a drive motor controller and a motor, and the motor is electrically connected to the drive motor controller.

[0024] The pre-charging contactor KM2 and the pre-charging resistor R1 are time-division multiplexed through the first switch tube Qhc1 and the second switch tube Qhc2 to pre-charge the main drive unit and the auxiliary drive unit respectively. The switching of the first switch tube Qhc1 and the switching of the second switch tube Qhc2 are controlled by the vehicle controller.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the main contactor KM1 and the auxiliary contactor KM3 are connected in parallel; the pre-charging contactor KM2, the pre-charging resistor R1 and the first switch tube Qhc1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main contactor KM1; in addition, the pre-charging contactor KM2, the pre-charging resistor R1 and the second switch tube Qhc2 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the auxiliary contactor KM3.

[0026] The specific working process of the new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system is as follows: When the vehicle is powered on and pre-charging begins, the main contactor KM1 and the auxiliary contactor KM3 are both in the disconnected state. At this time, the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the first switch tube Qhc1 are closed. When the rear end voltage of the main contactor KM1 reaches the set threshold, the main contactor KM1 is closed, and then the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the first switch tube Qhc1 are disconnected to complete the main drive pre-charging; After the main drive pre-charging is completed, the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the second switch tube Qhc2 are closed. When the rear end voltage of the auxiliary contactor KM3 reaches the set threshold, the auxiliary contactor KM3 is closed, and then the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the second switch tube Qhc2 are disconnected to complete the auxiliary drive pre-charging; The vehicle is repeatedly powered on and off, and the pre-charge resistor R1 works frequently, causing the temperature to rise. Since the pre-charge resistor R1 is a PTC resistor, its size increases as the temperature rises, and the pre-charge current decreases to avoid damage to the pre-charge resistor due to excessive current.

[0027] The high-voltage power distribution includes electric defrosting power distribution, electric heating power distribution, sampling resistor R2 and power semiconductor switch Q1, wherein the positive pole of the electric defrosting power distribution and the positive pole of the electric heating power distribution are connected to the rear end of the auxiliary contactor KM3, and the sampling resistor R2 is connected in series with the power semiconductor switch Q1 and then connected to the negative pole; After the electric defrost distribution receives the closing command, the power semiconductor switch Q1 at the electric defrost distribution is closed, and the voltage of the sampling resistor R2 at the electric defrost distribution is detected in real time. When the load is short-circuited or other abnormalities occur, the power semiconductor switch Q1 at the electric defrost distribution is actively cut off to achieve active protection function, and it can be used repeatedly; After the electric heating distribution receives the closing command, the power semiconductor switch Q1 at the electric heating distribution is closed, and the voltage of the sampling resistor R2 at the electric heating distribution is detected in real time. When the load has an abnormality such as a short circuit, the power semiconductor switch Q2 at the electric heating distribution is actively cut off to achieve active protection function, and it can be used repeatedly.

[0028] The present invention discloses a new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage power distribution module optimization system. A pre-charging circuit, a first switch selection branch and a second switch selection branch are provided. The first switch selection branch and the second switch selection branch are used to enable the pre-charging circuit to have a time-sharing multiplexing function, effectively simplify the high-voltage architecture, save the pre-charging circuit, and improve safety. At the same time, the high-voltage power distribution can realize active protection and can be reused.

[0029] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system, characterized in that: It comprises a battery positive terminal, a battery negative terminal, a pre-charging circuit (1), a main drive unit (4), a main contactor (KM1), an auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit (5) and an auxiliary contactor (KM3); the battery positive terminal is connected to the main drive unit (4) through the main contactor (KM1); a first switch selection branch (2) is provided between the main contactor (KM1) and the main drive unit (4); the battery positive terminal is also connected to the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit (5) through the auxiliary contactor (KM3); a second switch selection branch (3) is provided between the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit (5) and the auxiliary contactor (KM3); the first switch selection branch (2) and the second switch selection branch (3) are both electrically connected to the battery positive terminal through the pre-charging circuit (1); the auxiliary drive and electrical accessory unit (5) and the main drive unit (4) are also both electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery.

2. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary drive and electric accessory unit (5) comprises an auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, a steering motor (EPS), an air compressor (ACM), a DC power interface, an air conditioner, an electric defroster, an electric heater and a high-voltage power distribution module, wherein the electric defroster and the electric heater are connected to the negative terminal of the battery via the high-voltage power distribution module, the steering motor (EPS), the air compressor (ACM) and the DC power interface are all electrically connected to the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, and the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller, the air conditioner, the electric defroster and the electric heater are also electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery via an auxiliary contactor (KM3).

3. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-voltage power distribution module comprises a sampling resistor (R2) and a power semiconductor switch tube (Q1), wherein the power semiconductor switch tube (Q1) is electrically connected to the sampling resistor (R2), and the electric defroster and the electric heater are both electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the power semiconductor switch tube (Q1) and the sampling resistor (R2).

4. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is provided with a first fuse (FU5), and the auxiliary drive three-in-one controller is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery through the first fuse (FU5). The auxiliary drive three-in-one controller includes an electric steering motor controller, an electric air compressor controller and a DC / DC controller.

5. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit comprises a pre-charging contactor (KM2) and a pre-charging resistor (R1), wherein the pre-charging contactor (KM2) and the pre-charging resistor (R1) are connected in series, and the pre-charging resistor (R1) is a PTC resistor.

6. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch selection branch (2) is provided with a first switch tube (Qhc1), and the second switch selection branch (3) is provided with a second switch tube (Qhc2), and both the first switch tube (Qhc1) and the second switch tube (Qhc2) are semiconductor power switch tubes.

7. The new energy commercial vehicle pre-charging circuit and high-voltage distribution module optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main drive unit (4) comprises a drive motor controller and a motor, and the motor is electrically connected to the drive motor controller.

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