Crop inter-row weed mowing and ectopic covering all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a crop inter-row weed mowing and ectopic covering all-in-one machine in the field of field weeding machinery, and the crop inter-row weed mowing and ectopic covering all-in-one machine comprises a mowing and weed dividing assembly, the mowing and weed dividing assembly comprises a middle-position reciprocating cutter and two weed dividing guide plates, and side-position reciprocating cutters are arranged on the two sides of the rear portion of the middle-position reciprocating cutter; the side reciprocating cutters cut weeds on the two sides of the walking path of the middle reciprocating cutter; the grass dividing guide plate extends from the middle of the middle reciprocating cutter to the tail end of the side reciprocating cutter, and two rows of grass collecting brushes are arranged on the frame above the grass dividing guide plate. When the frame walks forwards between planting rows, complete weed branches and leaves mowed by the middle reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter are guided to the two sides of the side reciprocating cutter through the weed dividing guide plate, weeds mowed in the middle of the crop planting rows are guided under the action of the weed collecting brush and cover the crop root zone in a concentrated mode, weed competition in the zone is restrained, and the crop root zone is protected. The purpose of treating grass with grass is achieved, the application amount of herbicides and chemical fertilizers is reduced, and the agricultural greening level is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of field weeding machinery, and in particular relates to an integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical mowing is one of the important non-chemical methods for controlling weeds in farmland. At present, when mechanical mowing is used globally, the mowed weed branches and leaves are usually crushed in situ and then dispersed for mulching. However, the mulching thickness is usually thin and the integrity of the branches and leaves is poor, which leads to the inability to effectively play the ecological role of weed branch and leaf mulching, such as protecting the surface soil structure, increasing soil moisture, and inhibiting weed growth. More importantly, when crushing and mulching in situ, the mulching location is far away from the crop growing area, making it difficult to achieve the purpose of resource conversion and utilization based on the utilization of weed biomass and promoting crop growth and yield.

[0003] Therefore, a method is invented to move the weeds between rows to the vicinity of the root zone of the crop after mowing, so that the above-ground part of the weeds covers the vicinity of the root zone of the crop, effectively playing the role of covering and controlling weeds, and utilizing the weed branches and leaves between rows that have less impact on crop growth to inhibit the germination and growth of weeds in the root zone of the crop on the planting row that have a greater impact on crop competition, thereby inhibiting weed competition in the area, and at the same time improving the soil moisture conditions and comprehensive fertility in the root zone of the crop, promoting crop growth, reducing or even avoiding the excessive application of herbicides and fertilizers, which is of great significance to increasing crop yields and achieving the purpose of biological resource utilization and green non-chemical control of weeds. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is intended to provide an integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, weeds between crop rows are mowed and crushed before being covered in situ, but the mowed branches and leaves are not effectively used to suppress weed competition through covering, thereby improving the role of soil water and fertilizer conservation, realizing resource utilization of weeds, reducing the application amount of herbicides and fertilizers, and improving the level of green agricultural production.

[0005] The present invention provides an integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows, including a frame, a mowing and dividing grass component at the front end of the frame, the mowing and dividing grass component including a central reciprocating cutter and two grass dividing guide plates, side reciprocating cutters are arranged on both sides behind the central reciprocating cutter, the angle between the side reciprocating cutter and the central reciprocating cutter is adjustable, and the side reciprocating cutters mow the weeds on both sides of the walking path of the central reciprocating cutter; the two grass dividing guide plates extend from the middle of the central reciprocating cutter to At the end of the side reciprocating cutter, the top of the grass separating guide plate is higher than the top of the middle reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter. When the frame moves forward between the planting rows, the weeds cut by the middle reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter are guided to the crop root areas on both sides of the side reciprocating cutter through the grass separating guide plate. Two rows of grass collecting brushes are provided on the frame above the grass separating guide plate. The grass collecting brushes include a brush shaft and brush wires evenly distributed on the brush shaft. The brush shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, and the brush shaft is connected to a driving mechanism for driving it to rotate.

[0006] The working principle of this solution is: when the all-in-one machine of this solution moves between the planting rows, the central reciprocating cutter mows the weeds in the middle of the planting row, and the side reciprocating cutter mows the weeds close to the crops on both sides of the central reciprocating cutter. The lower end of the mowed weeds is pushed forward, and the upper end is tilted backward onto the grass-separating guide plate under the action of gravity. As the front end continues to mow, the tilted weeds are pushed and guided backward. Combined with the two rows of grass-collecting brushes rotating in opposite directions arranged above the grass-separating guide plate in this solution, the rotating grass-collecting brushes give thrust to the weed branches and leaves, and the weed branches and leaves on the grass-separating guide plate are assisted to be pushed backward and sideways, and the mowed weed branches and leaves are concentrated and cover the crop root growth area on the planting row.

[0007] The beneficial technical effects of this solution are:

[0008] 1. Cover the crop rows with the branches and leaves obtained after mowing the weeds between the rows, and make full use of the weed cover between the rows to suppress the weeds on the rows, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling weeds with weeds. At the same time, it also improves the water and fertilizer conditions of the crop root zone soil by regulating the evaporation of surface soil water and increasing the organic matter content, greatly reducing the amount of herbicides and fertilizers, avoiding the pollution of the environment and crops caused by the residues of agricultural chemicals, and improving the level of green agricultural production.

[0009] 2. By reducing and avoiding the use of herbicides and maintaining the growth of weeds between crop rows, we can effectively increase the plant diversity of farmland, give full play to the role of agricultural biodiversity in controlling pests and diseases, increase the stability and high productivity of farmland ecosystems, achieve high and stable crop yields, and reduce the use of pesticides other than herbicides, thereby further promoting green and efficient agricultural production.

[0010] 3. By maintaining the slow and limited growth of weeds between crop rows, soil organic matter accumulation can be achieved, soil carbon storage and carbon pool capacity can be increased, agricultural carbon emissions can be effectively reduced on a larger scale, and the level of low-carbon agricultural technology can be improved.

[0011] 4. The machine tools of the present invention are highly adjustable and combinable. When operating, independent working tools can be used as small agricultural machinery in mountainous conditions according to the scale of the plot. In plain areas, each tool can be used as a unit and combined into a large agricultural machinery in a row to improve operating efficiency. The operating width can also be adjusted to adapt to different crop types, growth conditions and planting row layouts.

[0012] Furthermore, the central reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter are mainly composed of a cutter housing, a toothed blade, and a power mechanism located in the cutter housing to drive the blade to reciprocate at high frequency, and the cutter housing is provided with an escape opening for the teeth on the toothed blade to pass through. The reciprocating cutter can improve the integrity of weeds and branches after mowing, ensuring that the coverage effect is exerted.

[0013] Furthermore, the teeth on the toothed blade on the middle reciprocating cutter are conical teeth, and the teeth on the toothed blade on the side reciprocating cutter are crescent teeth. The middle reciprocating cutter faces the weeds in front, and the conical teeth can concentrate the mowing force to promote the cutting of the weeds. The crescent teeth of the side reciprocating cutter help to ensure that the blade of the oblique cutter has positive directionality, improve the interception and suction speed of the weeds, increase the mowing force, and thus improve the overall working efficiency of the equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the grass separating guide plate is arc-shaped, the lower edge of the grass separating guide plate is connected to the blade housing of the side reciprocating cutter, and the grass separating guide plate is bent toward the side where the blade housing of the side reciprocating cutter is located. The grass separating guide plate is bent into an arc shape to form a semi-pipe shape, which is conducive to concentrating the cut weeds at the center of the grass separating guide plate, and preventing some weeds from being squeezed out and dispersed in the upward and downward directions.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a driving pulley connected to the motor output shaft, the driving pulley is connected to a driven pulley through a belt drive, and the driven pulley is connected to one of the brush shafts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of an integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0019] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: chassis 1, grass dividing guide plate 2, connecting block 3, driven pulley 4, belt 5, driving pulley 6, brush shaft 7, brush wire 8, blade housing 9, side toothed blade 10, middle toothed blade 11, and motor 12.

[0020] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: an integrated machine for mowing weeds between crop rows and covering weeds in different positions, including a frame (omitted in the figure), the front end of the frame is connected to a chassis 1 through a telescopic mechanism (such as a cylinder, an oil cylinder or a hydraulic jack), and the telescopic mechanism drives the chassis 1 to move closer to or away from the ground, thereby adjusting the height of the mowing and dividing grass component on the chassis 1 from the ground, that is, the mowing height of the middle toothed blade 11 and the side toothed blade 10 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The chassis 1 is provided with a mowing and dividing grass component, which includes a middle reciprocating tool and two grass dividing guide plates 2. The middle reciprocating tool includes a blade housing 9, a middle toothed blade 11 and a power mechanism located in the blade housing 9 that drives the middle toothed blade 11 to reciprocate at high frequency. The blade housing 9 is provided with an avoidance opening for the teeth on the toothed blade to pass through, and the teeth on the middle toothed blade 11 are conical teeth. Side reciprocating cutters are arranged on both sides behind the central reciprocating cutter, and the angle between the side reciprocating cutter and the central reciprocating cutter is adjustable. The side reciprocating cutters mow the weeds on both sides of the walking path of the central reciprocating cutter. The side reciprocating cutter comprises a cutter housing 9, a side toothed blade 10 and a power mechanism located in the cutter housing 9 for driving the side toothed blade 10 to reciprocate at high frequency. The cutter housing 9 is provided with an avoidance opening for the teeth on the toothed blade to pass through, and the teeth on the side toothed blade 10 are crescent-shaped teeth.

[0021] The two grass separating guide plates 2 extend from the middle part of the middle reciprocating tool to the end of the side reciprocating tool. The top of the grass separating guide plate 2 is higher than the top of the middle reciprocating tool and the side reciprocating tool. The grass separating guide plate 2 is arc-shaped. The lower end edge of the grass separating guide plate 2 is connected to the blade housing 9 of the side reciprocating tool. The grass separating guide plate 2 bends toward the side where the blade housing 9 of the side reciprocating tool is located. Two rows of grass collecting brushes are arranged on the frame above the grass separating guide plate 2. The grass collecting brushes include a brush shaft 7 and brush wires 8 evenly distributed on the brush shaft 7. The two ends of the brush shaft 7 are rotatably connected with connecting blocks 3. The connecting blocks 3 are fixedly connected to the frame above the grass separating guide plate 2. The brush shaft 7 is connected with a driving mechanism for driving it to rotate. The driving mechanism includes a motor 12, a driving pulley 6 connected to the output shaft of the motor 12, the motor 12 and the driving pulley 6 are located in the chassis 1, the driving pulley 6 is connected to the driven pulley 4 through the belt 5, and the driving pulley 6 and the driven pulley 4 are respectively connected with a brush shaft 7. When the frame moves forward between the planting rows, the weeds cut by the middle reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter are guided to the crop root area located on both sides of the side reciprocating cutter through the grass separating guide plate 2.

[0022] The specific implementation process is as follows: When the inter-row weed cutting and off-site covering integrated machine of the present invention moves between the planting rows, the middle reciprocating cutter cuts the weeds in the middle of the planting row, and the side reciprocating cutters cut the weeds close to the crops on both sides of the middle reciprocating cutter. The lower ends of the cut weeds are pushed forward by the force, and the upper ends are tilted backward on the grass dividing guide plate 2 under the action of gravity. As the front end continues to cut, the tilted weeds are pushed and guided backward, as well as the backward boost force under the rotation of the grass collecting brush. This scheme can guide the weed branches and leaves cut in the middle of the crop planting row and concentrate them on the root area of ​​the crop, and use the weeds between the rows that have less impact on the crops to suppress the weeds in the root area of ​​the crop growth row, effectively utilize and improve the covering effect of the weeds, suppress the competition of the weeds in this area, and achieve the purpose of controlling the weeds with grass. At the same time, it improves the water and fertilizer conditions of the soil, promotes crop growth, reduces the application amount of herbicides and fertilizers, and improves the level of green agriculture.

Claims

1. An integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows, characterized in that: The vehicle frame comprises a mowing and dividing grass component at the front end of the frame, wherein the mowing and dividing grass component comprises a central reciprocating cutter and two grass dividing guide plates, and side reciprocating cutters are arranged on both sides behind the central reciprocating cutter, and the angle between the side reciprocating cutter and the central reciprocating cutter is adjustable, and the side reciprocating cutters mow the weeds on both sides of the walking path of the central reciprocating cutter; the two grass dividing guide plates extend from the middle of the central reciprocating cutter to the end of the side reciprocating cutter, and the grass dividing The top of the guide plate is higher than the top of the median reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter. When the frame moves forward between the planting rows, the weeds cut by the median reciprocating cutter and the side reciprocating cutter are guided to the crop root areas on both sides of the side reciprocating cutter through the grass separating guide plate. Two rows of grass collecting brushes are provided on the frame above the grass separating guide plate. The grass collecting brushes include a brush shaft and brush wires evenly distributed on the brush shaft. The brush shaft is rotatably connected to the frame, and the brush shaft is connected to a driving mechanism for driving it to rotate.

2. The integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central reciprocating tool and the side reciprocating tool are mainly composed of a tool housing, a toothed blade and a power mechanism located in the tool housing and driving the blade to move back and forth at high frequency. The tool housing is provided with an avoidance opening for the teeth on the toothed blade to pass through.

3. The integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to claim 2, characterized in that: The teeth on the toothed blade on the center reciprocating tool are conical teeth, and the teeth on the toothed blade on the side reciprocating tool are crescent teeth.

4. The integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grass separating guide plate is arc-shaped, and the lower end edge of the grass separating guide plate is connected to the blade housing of the side reciprocating tool. The grass separating guide plate bends toward the side where the blade housing of the side reciprocating tool is located.

5. The integrated machine for mowing and covering weeds between crop rows according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a motor, a driving pulley connected to the output shaft of the motor, the driving pulley is connected to a driven pulley via a belt transmission, and the driven pulley is connected to one of the brush shafts.

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