A new method for rapid and high-quality propagation of Vitis quinquangularis

Abstract

The application provides a rapid and high-quality breeding method of Vitis quinquangularis, which comprises six steps of selection and treatment of cuttings, disinfection of cuttings, root induction in an electric hotbed, preparation of a substrate, cutting seedling and transplanting. The single-bud pruning method of the application can obtain the most cuttings, the use of a compound solution of indole acetic acid and indole butyric acid as a rooting agent can make the taproot and lateral roots germinate at the same time, and the growth speed is increased by more than 50%, the application also uses a fermentation substrate nutrient bag for cutting seedling, which ensures balanced nutrition supply, the seedling rate can reach more than 98%, the survival rate can reach more than 95%, and the breeding cycle is short.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grape cultivation technology, specifically relating to a rapid and high-quality propagation method for the Xinyu grape. Background Technology

[0002] The "Xinyu" grape variety was bred by crossing the "Red Globe" natural hybrid E42-6 plant as the female parent and "Rizamat" as the male parent. It was registered with the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Crop Variety Registration Committee in 2005. This variety matures in late September, with oval-shaped berries and a purplish-red skin. The average weight of a single berry is 15.6g. The flesh is crisp, with a sweet and sour taste, a soluble solids content of 16%–19%, and a total acidity of 0.33%–0.39%. It has good storage and transportation performance, excellent quality, and strong adaptability to cultivation. It is a superior variety independently bred and has been widely promoted in southern Xinjiang in recent years.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of grape planting benefits, more and more fruit farmers have planted grapes. Grape seedling propagation methods mainly include tissue culture technology and traditional branch cutting technology. The existing branch cutting methods often have the following problems: (1) Cuttings are pruned with 2 buds, and the bud emergence rate of single cuttings is 50% lower than that of single bud pruning; (2) Cuttings are often disinfected with a single disinfectant, which cannot guarantee thorough disinfection, which will cause the hotbed to be infected with viruses after cutting, reduce the survival rate, and affect the health of the cuttings; (3) A single rooting agent is used to promote root growth, mainly to promote the growth of the main root; (4) Electric heating hotbeds often use a uniform temperature for root promotion, which can easily burn the roots and affect the germination rate; (5) The transplanting time is relatively arbitrary, resulting in a low nursery rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fast and high-quality propagation method suitable for Xinyu grapes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rapid and high-quality propagation method for new grape varieties, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. This method can produce the most cuttings and promote the simultaneous germination of the taproot and lateral roots, resulting in a high germination rate and a high survival rate.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A rapid and high-quality propagation method for the new grape variety, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Selection and processing of inserts

[0008] In early March, select current-year branches of pure variety, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, with uniform internode length and plump buds as cuttings. Each cutting is pruned with a single bud, bud facing upwards. The upper cut is made horizontally 1.5cm above the bud, and the lower cut is made horizontally 7-8cm below the bud to obtain the cuttings.

[0009] S2, Disinfection of cuttings

[0010] Bundle 50 cuttings from S1 into a single bundle and soak them in a carbendazim solution for 3 hours, then soak them in a mancozeb solution for 3 hours to obtain sterilized cuttings.

[0011] S3, Electric Heating Bed for Root Growth

[0012] In mid-to-late March, the sterilized cuttings obtained from S2 were quickly dipped in a mixed solution of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid to promote the simultaneous sprouting of the main root and lateral roots. Then, an electric heating bed was used to promote root growth. The temperature was controlled at 18℃ on the first day and then at 24℃ for 20-24 days to form callus tissue. After 3-4 days of callus tissue appearance, the terminal buds began to sprout and the cuttings could be inserted into nutrient bags.

[0013] S4, Matrix Preparation

[0014] Sheep manure, oil residue, urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate are mixed evenly to obtain a fermentation substrate. Fermentation water is then added to the substrate and stirred evenly. Fermentation begins at the end of June each year, with stirring every 15 days and timely replenishment of water to ensure that the substrate moisture content is 60-70%. After stirring, the substrate is covered tightly with plastic sheeting. Fermentation is complete after 30 days, yielding the fermentation product. The obtained fermentation product is then thoroughly mixed with natural soil to obtain a substrate, which is then placed in nutrient bags.

[0015] S5, Cuttings Propagation

[0016] In early April, when the soil temperature exceeds 12℃ in the morning, insert the cuttings treated with S3 into the nutrient bags obtained with S4 at a depth of 6-8cm, with the top of the cutting exposed above the soil surface and the bud facing upwards. Immediately after inserting the cuttings, water them thoroughly to keep the soil moist. Maintain the ambient temperature at 16-18℃ and the relative humidity at 40-60%. Seedlings in nutrient bags will be obtained after 30 days.

[0017] S6, Transplanting

[0018] In late April or early May, on a cloudy day, transplant the seedlings obtained from the S5 seedling bags.

[0019] Preferably, the concentration of the carbendazim solution in S2 is 0.1-2%, and the concentration of the mancozeb solution is 0.25-0.35%.

[0020] Preferably, the concentrations of both indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid in the mixed solution of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid in S3 are 3 g / L.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of sheep manure, oil residue, urea, diammonium phosphate and superphosphate in S4 is 6:(0.9-1.2):(0.8-1):(0.8-1):(0.5-1).

[0022] Preferably, the fermentation water in S4 is made from yeast and brown sugar water, wherein the mass ratio of yeast to brown sugar water is (0.5-0.8):2, and the concentration of brown sugar water is 2-3%.

[0023] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fermentation product to the natural soil in S4 is (5-10):6.

[0024] Preferably, the nutrient bag in S4 is a non-woven bag.

[0025] This invention, by adopting the above technical solutions, has significant technical effects:

[0026] This invention provides a rapid and high-quality propagation method for *Vitis vinifera*, which achieves a seedling emergence rate of over 98%, a survival rate of over 95%, and a shorter propagation cycle. Compared with existing technologies, this method has the following advantages: (1) Single-bud pruning yields the most cuttings; (2) Disinfection with carbendazim solution and mancozeb solution ensures a low viral infection rate and high survival rate after cutting; (3) Using a compound solution of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid as a rooting agent promotes the simultaneous germination of the main root and lateral roots, increasing the growth rate by over 50%; (4) Using an electric heating bed to control the temperature for rooting not only avoids burning the roots due to uniform temperature but also ensures a high survival rate by taking cuttings when the apical buds begin to sprout 3-4 days after the callus tissue appears; (5) Using nutrient bags with fermented substrate for cutting propagation ensures a balanced nutrient supply.

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment describes a rapid and high-quality propagation method for the new grape variety, which includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. Selection and processing of inserts

[0031] In early March, select current-year branches of pure variety, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, with uniform internode length and plump buds as cuttings. Each cutting is pruned with a single bud, bud facing upwards. The upper cut is made horizontally 1.5cm above the bud, and the lower cut is made horizontally 8cm below the bud to obtain the cutting.

[0032] S2, Disinfection of cuttings

[0033] Bundle 50 cuttings from S1 into a single bundle, soak them in a 2% carbendazim solution for 3 hours, and then soak them in a 0.25% mancozeb solution for 3 hours to obtain sterilized cuttings.

[0034] S3, Electric Heating Bed for Root Growth

[0035] In mid-to-late March, the sterilized cuttings obtained from S2 were quickly dipped in a mixed solution of 3 g / L indoleacetic acid and 3 g / L indolebutyric acid to promote the simultaneous germination of the main root and lateral roots. Then, an electric heating bed was used to promote root growth. The temperature was controlled at 18℃ on the first day and then at 24℃ for 20 days to form callus tissue. Four days after the callus tissue appeared, the terminal buds began to sprout and the cuttings could be inserted into nutrient bags.

[0036] S4, Matrix Preparation

[0037] Sheep manure, oil residue, urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 6:0.9:1:1:1 to obtain the fermentation substrate. Fermentation water was then added to the substrate and stirred evenly. Fermentation began at the end of June each year, with stirring every 15 days and timely replenishment of water to ensure that the substrate moisture content was 60%. After stirring, the substrate was covered tightly with plastic sheeting. Fermentation was completed after 30 days, yielding the fermentation product. The obtained fermentation product was then thoroughly mixed with natural soil in a mass ratio of 3:2 to obtain the substrate, which was then placed in a non-woven fabric nutrient bag with a diameter of 12cm and a height of 18cm. The fermentation water was prepared in a mass ratio of yeast to brown sugar water of 0.6:2, with the brown sugar water made by mixing 2g of brown sugar with 100mL of water.

[0038] S5, Cuttings Propagation

[0039] In early April, when the soil temperature exceeds 12℃ in the morning, insert the cuttings treated with S3 into the nutrient bags obtained with S4, with an insertion depth of 7cm, ensuring that the top of the cutting protrudes above the soil surface and the bud faces upward. Water thoroughly immediately after insertion to keep the soil moist, and maintain an ambient temperature of 16-18℃ and a relative humidity of 40-60%. Seedlings in nutrient bags will be obtained after 25-28 days.

[0040] S6, Transplanting

[0041] In late April or early May, on a cloudy day, transplant the seedlings obtained from the S5 seedling bags.

[0042] In this example, the emergence rate of the new grape variety was 99%, and the survival rate was 96%.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment describes a rapid and high-quality propagation method for the new grape variety, which includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Selection and processing of inserts

[0046] In early March, select current-year branches of pure variety, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, with uniform internode length and plump buds as cuttings. Each cutting is pruned with a single bud, bud facing upwards. The upper cut is made horizontally 1.5cm above the bud, and the lower cut is made horizontally 7cm below the bud to obtain the cutting.

[0047] S2, Disinfection of cuttings

[0048] Bundle 50 cuttings from S1 into a single bundle, soak them in a 1% carbendazim solution for 3 hours, and then soak them in a 0.35% mancozeb solution for 3 hours to obtain sterilized cuttings.

[0049] S3, Electric Heating Bed for Root Growth

[0050] In mid-to-late March, the sterilized cuttings obtained from S2 were quickly dipped in a mixed solution of 3 g / L indoleacetic acid and 3 g / L indolebutyric acid to promote the simultaneous germination of the main root and lateral roots. Then, an electric heating bed was used to promote root growth. The temperature was controlled at 18℃ on the first day and then at 24℃ for 24 days to form callus tissue. Three days after the callus tissue appeared, the terminal buds began to sprout and the cuttings could be inserted into nutrient bags.

[0051] S4, Matrix Preparation

[0052] Sheep manure, oil residue, urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 6:1.2:0.8:0.8:0.5 to obtain the fermentation substrate. Fermentation water was then added to the substrate and stirred evenly. Fermentation began at the end of June each year, with stirring every 15 days and timely replenishment of water to ensure that the substrate moisture content was 65%. After stirring, the substrate was covered tightly with plastic sheeting. Fermentation was completed after 30 days, yielding the fermentation product. The obtained fermentation product was then thoroughly mixed with natural soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain the substrate, which was then placed in a non-woven fabric nutrient bag with a diameter of 20cm and a height of 35cm. The fermentation water was prepared in a mass ratio of yeast to brown sugar water of 0.8:2, with the brown sugar water made by mixing 3g of brown sugar with 100mL of water.

[0053] S5, Cuttings Propagation

[0054] In early April, when the soil temperature exceeds 12℃ in the morning, insert the cuttings treated in S3 into the nutrient bags obtained in S4 at a depth of 6cm, with the top of the cutting protruding above the soil surface and the bud facing upwards. Water thoroughly immediately after insertion to keep the soil moist, and maintain an ambient temperature of 16-18℃ and a relative humidity of 40-60%. Seedlings in nutrient bags will be obtained after 22-27 days.

[0055] S6, Transplanting

[0056] In late April or early May, on a cloudy day, transplant the seedlings obtained from the S5 seedling bags.

[0057] In this example, the emergence rate of the new grape variety was 98%, and the survival rate was 95%.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] A conventional method for propagating the new grape variety includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Selection and processing of inserts

[0061] In early March, select current-year branches of pure variety, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, with uniform internode length and plump buds as cuttings. Each cutting is pruned with 2 buds, buds facing upwards. The upper cut is made horizontally 1.5cm above the bud, and the lower cut is made horizontally 8cm below the bud to obtain the cuttings.

[0062] S2, Disinfection of cuttings

[0063] Bundle 50 cuttings from S1 into a single bundle and soak them in a 0.1% carbendazim solution for 3 hours to obtain sterilized cuttings.

[0064] S3, Electric Heating Bed for Root Growth

[0065] In mid-to-late March, the sterilized cuttings obtained from S2 were quickly dipped in a 3g / L indoleacetic acid solution, and then rooted in an electrically heated bed at a controlled temperature of 24℃ for 20 days to form callus tissue. Four days after the callus tissue appeared, the terminal buds began to sprout and the cuttings were then inserted into nutrient bags.

[0066] S4, Matrix Preparation

[0067] Natural soil, sheep manure, urea, and diammonium phosphate were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:8:1:1 to obtain a substrate, which was then placed into a non-woven fabric nutrient bag with a diameter of 12cm and a height of 18cm.

[0068] S5, Cuttings Propagation

[0069] In early April, the cuttings treated with S3 were inserted into the nutrient bags obtained with S4, with an insertion depth of 8cm, the top of the cutting protruding above the soil surface and the bud facing upwards. After insertion, the cuttings should be thoroughly watered immediately to keep the soil moist, and the ambient temperature should be maintained at 16-18℃ and the relative humidity at 40-60%. Seedlings in nutrient bags will be obtained after 30 days.

[0070] S6, Transplanting

[0071] In late April to early May, the seedlings obtained from the S5 nutrient bags were transplanted.

[0072] In Comparative Example 1, the germination rate of the conventional propagation method for the Xinyu grape was 90%, and the survival rate was 85%.

[0073] The rapid and high-quality propagation method for the new grape variety of this invention can achieve a seedling emergence rate of over 98% and a survival rate of over 95%, with a shorter propagation cycle. Compared with existing methods, it is a significant improvement and has broad prospects for promotion and application.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid and high-quality propagation method for the new grape variety, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Selection and processing of inserts In early March, select current-year branches of pure variety, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, with uniform internode length and plump buds as cuttings. Each cutting is pruned with a single bud, bud facing upwards. The upper cut is made horizontally 1.5cm above the bud, and the lower cut is made horizontally 7-8cm below the bud to obtain the cuttings. S2, Insert disinfection Bundle 50 cuttings from S1 into a 0.1-2% carbendazim solution for 3 hours, then soak them in a 0.25-0.35% mancozeb solution for 3 hours to obtain sterilized cuttings. S3, Electric Heating Bed for Root Growth In mid-to-late March, the sterilized cuttings obtained from S2 were quickly dipped in a mixed solution of indoleacetic acid and indolebutyric acid (IAA) at a concentration of 3 g / L to promote the simultaneous germination of the main root and lateral roots. Then, an electric heating bed was used to promote root growth. The temperature was controlled at 18℃ on the first day and then at 24℃ for 20-24 days to form callus tissue. After 3-4 days of callus formation, the terminal buds began to sprout and the cuttings were then inserted into nutrient bags. S4, Matrix Preparation Sheep manure, oil residue, urea, diammonium phosphate, and superphosphate are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 6:(0.9~1.2):(0.8~1):(0.8~1):(0.5~1) to obtain a fermentation substrate. Fermentation water is then added to the substrate and stirred evenly. The fermentation water is made from yeast and brown sugar water in a mass ratio of (0.5~0.8), with the concentration of brown sugar water being 2~3%. Fermentation begins at the end of June each year, with stirring every 15 days and timely replenishment of water to ensure that the moisture content of the substrate is 60~70%. After stirring, the substrate is covered tightly with plastic sheeting. Fermentation is complete after 30 days, yielding a fermentation product. The obtained fermentation product is then thoroughly mixed with natural soil in a mass ratio of (5~10):6 to obtain a substrate, which is then placed in a nutrient bag. S5, Cuttings Propagation In early April, when the soil temperature exceeds 12℃ in the morning, insert the cuttings treated with S3 into the nutrient bags obtained with S4 at a depth of 6-8cm, with the top of the cutting exposed above the soil surface and the bud facing upwards. Immediately after inserting the cuttings, water them thoroughly to keep the soil moist. Maintain the ambient temperature at 16-18℃ and the relative humidity at 40-60%. Seedlings in nutrient bags will be obtained after 30 days. S6, Transplanting In late April or early May, on a cloudy day, transplant the seedlings obtained from the S5 seedling bags.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient bag mentioned in S4 is a non-woven bag.