Device and method for measuring geometric error of rotating shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of error measuring equipment, and provides a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device and a measuring method.The rotating shaft geometric error measuring device comprises at least one standard part, a displacement measuring module and a standard part tool, and the displacement measuring module is installed on a machine tool spindle or a workbench; the displacement measurement module is used for collecting displacement data of the standard component; the standard component tool is installed on a rotary table or a swing head, a plurality of installation holes are formed in the outer vertical face of the standard component tool, and the standard component is installed in any installation hole. All ten geometric errors of the rotating shaft are measured, the measurement efficiency is high, and the whole stroke of the rotating shaft can be covered; the size of a machine tool is not required, the tool is simple, the motion range is wide, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of error measurement equipment, and in particular to a rotating shaft geometric error measurement device and a measurement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The geometric accuracy of CNC machine tools is a key indicator for measuring the machining accuracy of machine tools. In order to improve the machining accuracy of machine tools, error compensation methods have been widely used and studied due to their economical and effective characteristics. Error measurement and identification of CNC machine tools, so as to obtain the spatial distribution of geometric errors, is a key step in implementing error compensation. Existing geometric error measurement methods mainly include laser interferometers, ballbar interferometers, ballbars and R-TEST instruments. Among them, laser interferometers can only measure angular positioning errors, and cannot measure all ten geometric errors; the cost of ballbar interferometers is very high, and the measurement efficiency is low. To avoid interference, the range of motion can only be limited to a fixed area, and the full stroke cannot be measured; and there are requirements for the size of the machine tool. The minimum volume of the ballbar is fixed, and a machine tool that is too small cannot be placed; the tooling design of ballbars and R-TEST instruments is complex, and the motion measurement position is limited. The identification method needs to rely on the installation accuracy of the tooling. If it does not rely on repeated installation, motion interference must be considered, resulting in a limited initial measurement position, which is very susceptible to interference from other errors. The identification of all ten geometric errors is difficult and has low accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device and a measuring method thereof, which are used to solve the defect that the geometric error measuring method in the prior art cannot accurately measure ten geometric errors, and realizes the measurement of all ten geometric errors, with high measurement efficiency and the ability to cover the full stroke of the rotating shaft; and has no requirements on the size of the machine tool, simple tooling, a wide range of motion and low cost.

[0004] The present invention provides a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device, comprising: At least one standard part; A displacement measurement module, which is installed on a machine tool spindle or a workbench and is used to collect displacement data of the standard part; A standard parts tooling is installed on a turntable or a swing head. A plurality of mounting holes are provided on the outer surface of the standard parts tooling, and the standard parts are installed on any one of the mounting holes.

[0005] According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the standard part tooling includes a base plate and a pad block, the base plate is connected to the turntable or the swing head, the pad block is movably connected to the base plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the outer facade of the pad block.

[0006] According to a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the standard part tooling includes a plurality of the cushion blocks, and the plurality of the cushion blocks are stacked and arranged in a direction away from the base plate.

[0007] According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, a slide groove is provided on the side of the base plate facing the pad, and the standard part tooling also includes a slider, which is slidably arranged in the slide groove, the slider is connected to the pad, and the slider is used to drive the pad to slide in the slide groove.

[0008] According to a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the cushion block is arranged in a columnar shape, and the plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the outer peripheral side wall of the cushion block and the end surface of the cushion block away from the base plate.

[0009] According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the rotating axis geometric error measuring device further comprises a straight rod, one end of which is connected to the standard part, and the other end of which is detachably connected to the mounting hole.

[0010] According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the displacement measuring module includes any one of a probe or a displacement sensor.

[0011] According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention, the shape of the standard part includes at least one of a cube, a cylinder or a sphere.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for measuring a rotation axis geometric error, comprising the following steps: S1: Clamp the displacement measurement module on the main shaft of the machine tool, and install the standard part tooling on the turntable (30) of the machine tool; or clamp the displacement measurement module on the workbench of the machine tool, install the standard part tooling on the swing head of the machine tool, and install the standard part in any mounting hole on the standard part tooling; S2: calibrate the initial position of the standard part and measure the coordinates of the standard part when the rotation axis is rotated to different angles; S3: Calculate the coordinate error values ​​at multiple measurement angles at the initial position according to the measured standard part coordinates and the theoretical standard part coordinates; S4: Install the standard part in different mounting holes at different positions or directions, repeat steps S2 and S3, and obtain the coordinate error values ​​of the standard part in different mounting holes until the measurement is completed.

[0013] According to a method for measuring the geometric error of a rotating axis provided by the present invention, in step S3, when measuring the C axis, the ideal spherical center coordinates of the standard part are: The actual coordinates of the standard part are: Among them, the initial coordinates of other axes when measuring the C axis are: , let the other axes be at 0° during measurement, and calculate the coordinate value of the C axis when it contains the above error; the center coordinate error of the C axis is expressed as (CX, CY, CZ), then the ideal machine tool coordinate obtained by rotating the coordinates (X, Y, Z) around the C axis in the machine tool coordinate system by θ is ; If there is only a vertical error (EB(OY)C, EA(OX)C), then the machine tool coordinates obtained after rotating C degrees around the C axis are , TCS is used to represent the corresponding verticality error matrix, represents the number of spatial measurement points after the position of a single standard part is rotated, let , , When the machine tool coordinate spindle is θ, the six errors of the C axis are EXC, EYC, EZC, EAC, EBC, and ECC, which are expressed as follows: Due to the existence of C-axis angle error, additional deviations will occur in the X, Y, and Z directions. The error matrix simplified according to the small angle error is EC. Combining all the above errors, the actual machine coordinates obtained after the C-axis rotates by θ are: , we get the following system of equations: Solving the above equations, we can obtain the ten errors of the C-axis.

[0014] The rotating shaft geometric error measuring device and the measuring method provided by the present invention can obtain the geometric error information of the rotating shaft at multiple angles and positions by installing standard parts at different positions and collecting their displacement data using a displacement measurement module. Since the standard parts can be flexibly adjusted in different mounting holes of the tooling, all necessary measurement points can be covered, thereby realizing comprehensive measurement of all ten geometric errors of the rotating shaft.

[0015] The multiple mounting holes on the standard parts fixture allow users to quickly change the position of the standard parts without complicated disassembly and assembly processes. After each change of position, new measurements can be made directly, greatly shortening the preparation time and improving measurement efficiency; compared with traditional methods, this solution is easier to operate, does not require complex path planning or programming, and reduces the time cost of preliminary preparation work.

[0016] Since the standard parts can be installed at any position on the tooling, the measurement range is no longer limited to a fixed area, but can be extended to the entire axis stroke. This allows even large machine tools to be fully measured, ensuring the integrity of the measurement results.

[0017] The tooling structure is simple and lightweight, easy to carry and install, and will not be limited by the size of the machine tool space.

[0018] The tooling adopts modular design, simple structure, easy to manufacture and maintain. The installation holes are distributed on the facade of the standard tooling, making the installation and adjustment of standard parts very convenient and lowering the threshold for use.

[0019] Standard parts can be freely installed on different mounting holes of the tooling, providing a wide range of motion. Accurate measurement can be achieved in both horizontal and vertical directions, enhancing the adaptability and application range of the system.

[0020] Compared with high-precision measuring equipment such as laser interferometers, the cost of this solution is mainly composed of standard parts, displacement measurement modules and tooling, which significantly reduces the overall cost. At the same time, due to its simple operation, it reduces labor costs and technical training requirements, further improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of an embodiment of a rotating shaft geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation of standard parts in different mounting holes in the rotating shaft geometric error measurement device.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of another embodiment of the rotating shaft geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of another embodiment of the rotating shaft geometric error measuring device provided by the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 10. Rotating axis geometric error measuring device; 100. Standard parts; 200, straight bar; 300, probe; 400, displacement sensor; 500, standard tooling; 510, bottom plate; 511, slideway; 520, cushion block; 521, mounting hole; 530, slide block; 20. Machine tool spindle; 30. Turntable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0032] Combine the following Figures 1 to 4 , the rotating axis geometric error measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 includes at least one standard part 100, a displacement measurement module and a standard part fixture 500. The displacement measurement module is installed on the machine tool spindle 20 or the workbench, and the displacement measurement module is used to collect the displacement data of the standard part 100; the standard part fixture 500 is installed on the turntable 30 or the swing head, and a plurality of mounting holes 521 are provided on the outer surface of the standard part fixture 500, and the standard part 100 is installed on any one of the mounting holes 521.

[0034] The standard part 100 is used as a reference point or a reference object for measurement. The standard part 100 usually has a known and precise geometric shape (such as a sphere, a cylinder, etc.), and its position and size are fixed, so it can be used to calibrate and verify the accuracy of the probe 300 or the displacement measurement module. By installing the standard part 100 at different positions and measuring, the geometric error data of the rotating axis at different angles and positions can be obtained.

[0035] The displacement measurement module is used to collect displacement data of the standard component 100. The module can detect the position change of the standard component 100, thereby providing accurate coordinate information.

[0036] The standard part fixture 500 provides a mounting platform for the standard part 100 and ensures that it can be stably fixed at multiple preset positions. The standard part fixture 500 can be adapted to machine tools of different models and sizes.

[0037] A plurality of mounting holes 521 are provided on the outer surface to allow the user to select a suitable position to install the standard component 100 as required, thereby increasing the diversity and coverage of the measurement.

[0038] One of the standard part fixture 500 and the displacement measurement module is installed on the turntable 30 or the swing head. When the displacement measurement module is set on the machine tool spindle 20, the standard part fixture 500 is correspondingly set on the turntable 30. When the displacement measurement module is set on the workbench, the standard part fixture is correspondingly set on the swing head.

[0039] The standard part 100 is installed on any mounting hole 521. The user can select the most suitable installation position of the standard part 100 according to specific needs, thereby optimizing the measurement path and reducing unnecessary repeated operations. Data can be obtained at more locations, which improves the representativeness and comprehensiveness of the measurement results. For certain situations where there may be interference inside certain specific machine tools, flexible selection of installation positions can help avoid obstacles and ensure smooth measurement.

[0040] The rotating shaft geometric error measuring device 10 and the measuring method thereof provided by the present invention can obtain geometric error information of the rotating shaft at multiple angles and positions by installing the standard part 100 at different positions and collecting its displacement data using the displacement measurement module. Since the standard part 100 can be flexibly adjusted in position on different mounting holes 521 of the tooling, it can cover all necessary measurement points, thereby realizing comprehensive measurement of all ten geometric errors of the rotating shaft (including position error, angle error, rotation center coordinate error, etc.).

[0041] The multiple mounting holes 521 on the standard part fixture 500 allow the user to quickly change the position of the standard part 100 without complicated disassembly and assembly process. After each change of position, a new measurement can be directly performed, which greatly shortens the preparation time and improves the measurement efficiency. Compared with the traditional method, the operation of this solution is simpler, does not require complicated path planning or programming, and reduces the time cost of preliminary preparation work.

[0042] Since the standard part 100 can be installed at any position on the tooling, the measurement range is no longer limited to a fixed area, but can be extended to the entire axis stroke. This allows even large machine tools to be fully measured, ensuring the integrity of the measurement results.

[0043] The tooling structure is simple and lightweight, easy to carry and install, and will not be limited by the size of the machine tool space.

[0044] The tooling adopts modular design, has a simple structure, and is easy to manufacture and maintain. The mounting holes 521 are distributed on the outer surface of the standard component tooling 500, making the installation and adjustment of the standard component 100 very convenient and reducing the threshold for use.

[0045] The standard part 100 can be freely installed on different mounting holes 521 of the tooling, providing a wide range of motion. Accurate measurement can be achieved in both horizontal and vertical directions, enhancing the adaptability and application range of the system.

[0046] Compared with high-precision measuring equipment such as laser interferometers, the cost of this solution is mainly composed of standard parts 100, displacement measurement modules and tooling, which significantly reduces the overall cost. At the same time, due to its simple operation, it reduces labor costs and technical training requirements, further improving economic benefits.

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 4 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, a standard part tooling 500 includes a base plate 510 and a cushion block 520, the base plate 510 is connected to the turntable 30 or the swing head, the cushion block 520 is movably connected to the base plate 510, and a plurality of mounting holes 521 are opened on the outer surface of the cushion block 520.

[0048] It is understandable that the base plate 510 is directly connected to the rotating shaft, providing a stable basic platform to ensure that the entire standard part fixture 500 remains fixed during the measurement process, reducing the influence of external vibration and displacement. The base plate 510 serves as a connecting bridge to accurately transmit the rotational motion of the rotating shaft to the pad 520, ensuring the synchronization and accuracy during the measurement process. Through the stable connection of the base plate 510, the measurement error caused by the unstable base is reduced, and the reliability of the measurement result is improved.

[0049] The pad 520 is movably connected to the bottom plate 510, allowing the pad 520 to adjust its position and angle as needed. This flexibility enables the pad 520 to adapt to different types of measurement requirements, thereby improving the versatility and applicability of the device.

[0050] The movable connection of the spacer block 520 allows for fine position adjustment, ensuring that a measuring tool (such as a sensor) can be accurately aligned with a target position, thereby reducing errors caused by manual adjustment.

[0051] A plurality of mounting holes 521 are provided on the outer surface of the pad 520, allowing selection of a suitable mounting position according to different measurement tasks. The technician can quickly adjust the position of the standard component 100 according to actual needs to cover a wider measurement range.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, a standard part tooling 500 includes a plurality of pads 520, and the plurality of pads 520 are stacked in a direction away from a base plate 510, and two adjacent pads 520 are detachably connected.

[0053] It is understandable that the stacking of multiple pads 520 allows the overall height to be flexibly adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of pads 520. This enables measurements to be made at different heights, especially when the measurement objects (such as different cross sections of a rotating shaft) are located at different heights. By increasing or decreasing pads 520, more precise height adjustments can be made, ensuring that the measuring tool (such as a sensor) can be accurately aligned with the target position, reducing errors caused by manual adjustments. Different combinations of pads 520 can support the installation of different types of measuring tools, enhancing the functionality and flexibility of the device.

[0054] Two adjacent cushion blocks 520 are detachably connected, so that technicians can quickly add or remove cushion blocks 520 as needed, which simplifies the operation process and improves work efficiency.

[0055] Reference Figures 1 to 4 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, a slide groove 511 is provided on the side of the base plate 510 facing the cushion block 520, and the standard part tooling 500 also includes a slider 530, which is slidably arranged in the slide groove 511. The slider 530 is connected to the cushion block 520, and the slider 530 is used to drive the cushion block 520 to slide in the slide groove 511.

[0056] It is understandable that the slide 511 provides a track for the pad 520 to move, so that the pad 520 can perform precise linear motion along a specific direction on the base plate 510. The design of the slide 511 increases the adjustment range of the standard part tooling 500, allowing the user to adjust the position of the pad 520 according to measurement requirements.

[0057] The slider 530 is a moving part. After being connected to the cushion block 520, the cushion block 520 can be driven to move by sliding in the slide groove 511. The slider 530 makes the adjustment of the cushion block 520 simple and quick, and the position adjustment can be achieved without disassembling the entire tooling.

[0058] The connection between the slider 530 and the cushion block 520 ensures that when the slider 530 moves in the slide groove 511 , the cushion block 520 can move accurately to a new position accordingly.

[0059] By sliding the slider 530 , the user can easily adjust the position of the pad 520 , thereby changing the installation height of the standard component 100 to adapt to different measurement tasks, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the measurement.

[0060] Reference Figures 1 to 4 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, the pad 520 is arranged in a columnar shape, and a plurality of mounting holes 521 are distributed on the outer peripheral side wall of the pad 520 and the end surface of the pad 520 away from the base plate 510.

[0061] It is understandable that the design of the columnar spacer 520 facilitates the layout of the mounting holes 521 in multiple directions, and the columnar structure has high mechanical strength and stability.

[0062] The columnar spacer 520 can provide uniform support in the radial and axial directions of the rotating shaft, ensuring that the standard component 100 maintains the correct position and direction during the measurement process.

[0063] The mounting holes 521 are distributed on the outer peripheral side wall, so that the standard component 100 can be installed at different positions in the radial direction of the rotating shaft, so as to measure the geometric errors of the rotating shaft at different radial positions, increase the measurement angles and positions, and help to more comprehensively evaluate the geometric errors of the rotating shaft.

[0064] A mounting hole 521 is provided on the end surface of the cushion block 520 to allow the standard component 100 to be installed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, so that the geometric errors of the rotating shaft at different axial positions can be measured.

[0065] Reference Figures 1 to 4 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, the rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 also includes a straight rod 200, one end of the straight rod 200 is connected to the standard part 100, and the other end is detachably connected to the mounting hole 521.

[0066] It is understandable that the straight rod 200 is used as a connecting element to connect the standard part 100 with the tooling structure to form a measurement reference. The straight rod 200 ensures the position stability of the standard part 100 during the measurement process and reduces the measurement error caused by unstable connection.

[0067] One end of the straight rod 200 is connected to the standard component 100 . The connection between the straight rod 200 and the standard component 100 provides a direct reference point for measurement, thereby ensuring the correct position and direction of the standard component 100 .

[0068] The other end of the straight rod 200 is detachably connected to the mounting hole 521. The detachable connection provides a convenient installation and adjustment method, so that the standard part 100 can be quickly replaced or repositioned according to different measurement requirements, thereby improving the use efficiency and convenience of the measuring device.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 According to a rotating axis geometric error measuring device 10 provided by the present invention, the displacement measuring module includes any one of a probe 300 or a displacement sensor 400.

[0070] It is understandable that the probe 300 is a commonly used displacement measurement tool, which can directly contact the surface of the standard part 100 and measure the geometric error through the change of relative displacement. The probe 300 usually has high sensitivity and resolution, and can accurately detect tiny displacement changes, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the geometric error of the rotating axis.

[0071] The displacement sensor 400 can be of contact type or non-contact type. The present invention uses a contact displacement sensor 400, which can measure the position change of the standard part 100 through electromagnetic, optical or other principles. The displacement sensor 400 can perform measurements without contacting the standard part 100, which reduces the measurement error caused by the contact force and can perform measurements in harsh environments, such as high temperature or polluted environments.

[0072] This embodiment provides two options, namely, the probe 300 or the displacement sensor 400 , so that the most suitable measuring tool can be selected according to the specific measuring environment and requirements, thereby increasing the flexibility of the measuring device.

[0073] Of course, in other embodiments, the displacement measurement module may also be a laser rangefinder, a photoelectric sensor, or other types of precision measurement tools, which are not specifically limited herein.

[0074] In some embodiments, the shape of the standard component 100 includes at least one of a cube, a cylinder, or a sphere.

[0075] It is understandable that by providing standard parts 100 of different shapes, the most suitable standard part 100 can be selected according to the specific measurement requirements of the rotating shaft and the tooling conditions of the machine tool. Different shapes of standard parts 100 can adapt to different measurement scenarios, improving the versatility and adaptability of the measurement device.

[0076] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a method for measuring a rotation axis geometric error, which is applied to the above-mentioned rotation axis geometric error measuring device 10 and comprises the following steps: S1: Install the displacement measurement module and the standard part fixture 500.

[0077] The displacement measurement module is clamped on the machine tool spindle 20 or the workbench, and the displacement measurement module (such as the probe 300 or the displacement sensor 400) is firmly mounted on the machine tool spindle 20, and its position is adjusted to ensure the appropriate contact or detection distance with the standard part 100. A stable measurement tool is provided for subsequent precise measurement to ensure the accuracy and consistency of data collection.

[0078] The standard part fixture 500 is installed on the turntable 30 of the machine tool or the swing head of the machine tool, and the standard part fixture 500 (including the bottom plate 510, the cushion block 520, etc.) is fixed on the turntable 30 of the machine tool to ensure that it is stable and will not move or tilt. A stable support platform is provided for the standard part 100 to ensure that the standard part 100 remains fixed during the measurement process at different angles.

[0079] Install the standard part 100 in any mounting hole 521 on the standard part fixture 500, select a suitable mounting hole 521, install the standard part 100 (such as a cube, cylindrical or spherical standard part 100) in place, and align it with the displacement measurement module by controlling the movement of the machine tool. Provide a clear reference point for the initial measurement to ensure the consistency of subsequent measurement data.

[0080] S2: Calibrate the initial position of the standard part 100 and measure the coordinates.

[0081] The initial position of the calibration standard 100 is recorded using a displacement measurement module to ensure that its coordinate information is accurate, providing a reference point for subsequent measurements at different angles to ensure that all measurement data are based on the same reference system.

[0082] Measure the coordinates of the standard part 100 when the rotation axis rotates to different angles. By controlling the rotation axis to rotate to a predetermined angle (such as 0°, 45°, 90°, etc.), use the displacement measurement module to record the coordinate information of the standard part 100 at each angle. Obtain the actual coordinates of the standard part 100 at different rotation angles to provide data support for subsequent error calculations.

[0083] S3: Calculate the coordinate error value.

[0084] According to the measured standard part 100 coordinates and the theoretical standard part 100 coordinates, the coordinate error values ​​at multiple measurement angles in the initial position are calculated, and the measured standard part 100 coordinates are compared with the theoretical coordinates (i.e. the coordinates that the standard part 100 should have in an ideal state) to calculate the coordinate error value at each angle. Determine the geometric error of the rotating axis at different angles and evaluate its accuracy and stability.

[0085] S4: Repeat the measurement to cover different positions and orientations.

[0086] Install the standard component 100 in different mounting holes 521 at different positions or directions, repeat steps S2 and S3, select different mounting holes 521, reinstall the standard component 100, and repeat the calibration of the initial position and the measurement of coordinates at different angles to calculate the coordinate error value. Ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement results, covering the geometric errors of the standard component 100 at different positions and directions, until all necessary measurements are completed.

[0087] Until the measurement is completed, according to the measurement requirements, the measurement tasks in all mounting holes 521 are gradually completed to ensure that no key positions or directions are missed. Ensure that the final result can fully reflect the geometric error of the rotating axis and provide reliable data support for subsequent analysis and improvement.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, taking the C axis of a machine tool as an example, the initial coordinates of the other axes when measuring the C axis are: To simplify the model, the B axis is required to be at 0° during measurement, and the coordinate value of the C axis is calculated when the above error is present. The coordinate error of the C axis rotation center is expressed as (CX, CY, CZ), and the ideal machine tool coordinate obtained after the coordinates (X, Y, Z) in the machine tool coordinate system rotate around the C axis by θ is If there is only a vertical error (EB(OY)C, EA(OX)C), then the machine tool coordinates obtained after rotating C degrees around the C axis (the difference between the current angle and the initial angle) are , TCS is used to represent the corresponding verticality error matrix, where represents the number of spatial measurement points after the position of a single standard ball is rotated, let , Then the theoretical coordinates after C-axis rotation are The actual coordinates are When the machine tool coordinate C axis is θ (the current fixed axis coordinate), the six errors of the C axis are EXC, EYC, EZC, EAC, EBC, and ECC, which are expressed as Due to the existence of C-axis angle error, additional deviations will occur in the X, Y, and Z directions. The error matrix simplified according to the small angle error is EC Combining all the above errors, the actual machine coordinates obtained after the C-axis rotates by θ are: , we can get the following system of equations: By solving the above equations, we can get the ten errors of the C axis.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotating axis geometric error measuring device, characterized in that: include: At least one standard part; A displacement measurement module, which is installed on a machine tool spindle or a workbench and is used to collect displacement data of the standard part; A standard parts tooling is installed on a turntable or a swing head. A plurality of mounting holes are provided on the outer surface of the standard parts tooling, and the standard parts are installed on any one of the mounting holes.

2. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard parts tooling includes a base plate and a cushion block, the base plate is connected to the turntable or the swing head, the cushion block is movably connected to the base plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the outer facade of the cushion block.

3. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The standard part tooling comprises a plurality of the cushion blocks, and the plurality of the cushion blocks are stacked in a direction away from the base plate.

4. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slide groove is provided on one side of the bottom plate facing the cushion block, and the standard tooling also includes a slider, which is slidably arranged in the slide groove, the slider is connected to the cushion block, and the slider is used to drive the cushion block to slide in the slide groove.

5. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cushion block is arranged in a columnar shape, and the plurality of mounting holes are distributed on the outer peripheral side wall of the cushion block and the end surface of the cushion block away from the bottom plate.

6. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft geometric error measuring device also includes a straight rod, one end of which is connected to the standard component, and the other end of which is detachably connected to the mounting hole.

7. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The displacement measurement module includes any one of a probe or a displacement sensor.

8. The rotating axis geometric error measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shape of the standard part includes at least one of a cube, a column or a sphere.

9. A method for measuring a rotation axis geometric error, using the rotation axis geometric error measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Clamp the displacement measurement module on the spindle of the machine tool, and install the standard part tooling on the turntable of the machine tool; or clamp the displacement measurement module on the workbench of the machine tool, install the standard part tooling on the swing head of the machine tool, and install the standard part in any mounting hole on the standard part tooling; S2: calibrate the initial position of the standard part and measure the coordinates of the standard part when the rotation axis is rotated to different angles; S3: Based on the measured standard part coordinates and the theoretical standard part coordinates, the coordinate error values ​​of the rotating axis at multiple measuring angles at different initial positions are calculated; S4: Install the standard part in different mounting holes at different positions or directions, repeat steps S2 and S3, and obtain coordinate error values ​​of the standard part in different mounting holes until the measurement is completed.

10. The method for measuring the geometric error of a rotating axis according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, taking the measurement of the C axis as an example, the ideal spherical center coordinates of the standard part are: The actual coordinates of the standard part (100) are: Among them, the initial coordinates of other axes when measuring the C axis are: , let the other axes be at 0° during measurement, and calculate the coordinate value of the C axis when it contains the above error; the center coordinate error of the C axis is expressed as (CX, CY, CZ), then the ideal machine tool coordinate obtained by rotating the coordinates (X, Y, Z) around the C axis in the machine tool coordinate system by θ is ; If there is only a vertical error (EB(OY)C, EA(OX)C), then the machine tool coordinates obtained after rotating C degrees around the C axis are , TCS is used to represent the corresponding verticality error matrix, represents the number of spatial measurement points after the position of a single standard part is rotated, let ， ， When the machine tool coordinate spindle is θ, the six errors of the C axis are EXC, EYC, EZC, EAC, EBC, and ECC, which are expressed as follows: Due to the existence of C-axis angle error, additional deviations will occur in the X, Y, and Z directions. The error matrix simplified according to the small angle error is EC. Combining all the above errors, the actual machine coordinates obtained after the C-axis rotates by θ are: , we get the following system of equations: Solving the above equations, we can obtain the ten errors of the C-axis.

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