Multi-element solid waste-based unfired water permeable brick and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-element solid waste-based unfired water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method sequentially comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment of solid wastes; s2, mixing the materials; and S3, forming. The nickel slag and the waste concrete are used as the aggregate of the water-permeable brick to replace the skeleton function of gravel, so that the use strength is met, and the water-permeable brick has an enough water-permeable effect and relatively high wear resistance; meanwhile, the cement prepared by taking the nickel slag and the steel slag as raw materials is relatively high in activity; the baking-free water permeable brick prepared from multiple solid wastes is simple in process and excellent in performance, meets the construction quality requirement, and has important significance on solid waste recycling, reduction and ecological environment protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, and in particular to a multi-solid waste-based unfired permeable brick and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the construction of cities in my country, the road surface is mostly covered by impermeable materials such as concrete and asphalt, and it is difficult for surface water to penetrate into the ground. Especially when the rainy season comes, it is very easy to form typical urban problems such as urban waterlogging and "heat island effect". The construction of "sponge city" can effectively solve these problems. The use of permeable bricks is one of the important measures to build sponge cities. As a new type of green and environmentally friendly material, permeable bricks can greatly alleviate the many problems caused by the hardening of urban cement surfaces and create a high-quality natural living environment.

[0003] As my country's modernization process continues to accelerate, my country's natural resource consumption and the amount of waste generated are both ranked first in the world. Among them, industrial solid waste is the largest type of solid waste generated and stored in my country. Under the background of the national green development strategy and ecological civilization construction, the comprehensive resource utilization of industrial solid waste is not only an important way to achieve a circular economy, but also a key measure to promote the sustainable development of industry. Domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on the resource utilization of industrial solid waste and proposed a variety of utilization methods, such as building materials production, mine filling, soil improvement, etc., but the overall resource utilization rate is still low. The existing treatment methods can no longer meet the growing environmental protection and economic needs, and there is an urgent need to explore more efficient solid waste resource utilization technologies.

[0004] In combination with the construction of sponge cities and the country's increased efforts to recycle solid waste, the use of solid wastes such as steel slag, nickel slag, tailings, and construction waste to prepare unfired permeable bricks can not only reduce environmental pollution and production costs, but also improve the ecological environment and promote the construction and development of sponge cities. Based on this, this application proposes a multi-solid waste-based unfired permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, in order to provide a certain reference for the large-scale production of unfired permeable bricks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-solid waste-based unfired permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a multi-solid waste-based unfired permeable brick, characterized in that its raw materials include, by weight: 300 to 400 parts of nickel slag, 250 to 300 parts of waste concrete, 100 to 150 parts of tailings, 200 to 250 parts of cement, 80 to 130 parts of water, and 2 to 6 parts of early strength agent.

[0007] The present invention also provides a multi-solid waste-based unfired water-permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Put the required weight of nickel slag, waste concrete, tailings and cement into a mixing device and stir for 5 to 15 minutes; add water and early strength agent in sequence and continue stirring for 5 to 15 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, press and shape it, and then maintain it.

[0008] Preferably, the nickel slag is dried to a constant weight, and has a particle size of 1.35 to 16 mm, of which particles with a size of 1.35 to 9.5 mm account for 40%, and particles with a size of 9.5 to 16 mm account for 60%.

[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the waste concrete is 4.5 to 16 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the tailings are one or more of iron tailings, bauxite tailings, and silica sand tailings, and the particle size is <0.8 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the cement is one or more of C42.5 nickel slag silicate cement, steel slag silicate cement, and slag silicate cement.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring speed in step S2 is 250-400 r / min.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing process in step S3 is: pressure 15-25 MPa, and holding time 1-2 min.

[0014] Preferably, the curing process in step S3 is: environmental curing at a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95%.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. Nickel slag has volcanic ash activity, and the silicate, aluminate and other minerals it contains make it have potential gelling activity. It is added to cement clinker as a mixed material to prepare cement with better activity. At the same time, nickel slag has a dense structure, high mineral crystallinity and contains a certain amount of iron minerals, which replaces the skeleton of sand and gravel, and has both sufficient strength and sufficient water permeability. 2. Waste concrete is more porous than limestone aggregate. Using it as coarse aggregate will form a porous structure in the permeable brick, increasing its permeability; 3. Tailings and cement, as cementitious materials, can form better adhesion with nickel slag and waste concrete; early strength agent can improve the early strength of unfired permeable bricks without affecting the strength in the later stage of curing, reduce the curing time of unfired permeable bricks, and improve the efficiency of static pressure molding to prepare unfired permeable bricks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. Example 1

[0017] S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Weigh 350 parts of nickel slag (of which 40% are particles with a diameter of 1.35-9.5 mm and 60% are particles with a diameter of 9.5-16 mm), 250 parts of waste concrete, 100 parts of tailings, and 220 parts of cement, and put them into a mixing device, and stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 minutes; add 88 parts of water and 2.5 parts of early strength agent in turn and continue stirring for 5 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, maintain the pressure at 15 MPa for 1.5 min, and send it to an environment with a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95% for curing. Comparative Example 1

[0018] Except for reducing the early strength agent in step S2, the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1. Example 2

[0019] S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Weigh 300 parts of nickel slag (of which 40% are particles with a diameter of 1.35-9.5 mm and 60% are particles with a diameter of 9.5-16 mm), 300 parts of waste concrete, 150 parts of tailings, and 180 parts of cement, and put them into a mixing device, and stir at a speed of 350 r / min for 5 minutes; add 90 parts of water and 3 parts of early strength agent in turn and continue stirring for 5 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, maintain the pressure at 18 MPa for 1 min, and send it to an environment with a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95% for curing. Example 3

[0020] S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Weigh 400 parts of nickel slag (of which 40% are particles with a diameter of 1.35-9.5 mm and 60% are particles with a diameter of 9.5-16 mm), 200 parts of waste concrete, 120 parts of tailings, and 230 parts of cement, and put them into a mixing device, and stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 8 minutes; add 100 parts of water and 3 parts of early strength agent in turn and continue stirring for 5 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, maintain the pressure at 20 MPa for 1 min, and send it to an environment with a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95% for curing. Example 4

[0021] S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Weigh 350 parts of nickel slag (of which 40% are particles with a diameter of 1.35-9.5 mm and 60% are particles with a diameter of 9.5-16 mm), 250 parts of waste concrete, 150 parts of tailings, and 200 parts of cement, and put them into a mixing device, and stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 minutes; add 95 parts of water and 3 parts of early strength agent in turn and continue stirring for 5 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, maintain the pressure at 20 MPa for 1 min, and send it to an environment with a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95% for curing.

[0022] The permeable bricks obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance testing according to the relevant provisions of GB / T25993-2010 "Permeable Pavement Bricks and Permeable Road Slabs" and JC / T945-2005 "Permeable Bricks", and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1: This implementation mode is only an exemplary description of this patent and does not limit its protection scope. Personnel in this field may also make partial changes to it. As long as it does not exceed the spirit of this patent, it shall be regarded as an equivalent replacement of this patent and shall be within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A multi-solid waste-based unfired permeable brick, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 300-400 parts of nickel slag, 250-300 parts of waste concrete, 100-150 parts of tailings, 200-250 parts of cement, 80-130 parts of water, and 2-6 parts of early strength agent.

2. The method for preparing a water-permeable brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1 Pretreatment of solid waste: crushing and screening nickel slag, waste concrete and tailings; S2 Mixing: Put nickel slag, waste concrete, tailings and cement into a mixing device according to weight, and stir for 5 to 15 minutes; add water and early strength agent in sequence and continue stirring for 5 to 15 minutes to obtain mortar; S3 Molding: Pour the mortar obtained in S2 into a permeable brick mold, press and shape it, and then maintain it.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nickel slag is dried to a constant weight, and has a particle size of 1.35 to 16 mm, of which the particle size of 1.35 to 9.5 mm accounts for 40%, and the particle size of 9.5 to 16 mm accounts for 60%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the waste concrete is 4.5 to 16 mm.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tailings are one or more of iron tailings, bauxite tailings, and silica sand tailings, and the particle size is less than 0.8 mm.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cement is one or more of C42.5 nickel slag silicate cement, steel slag silicate cement and slag silicate cement.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring speed in step S2 is 250-400 r / min.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing process in step S3 is: pressure 15-25 MPa, holding time 1-2 min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curing process in step S3 is: curing in an environment with a temperature of 22±2°C and a humidity greater than 95%.

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