Compound organic fertilizer for apple planting and preparation system thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a compound organic fertilizer for apple planting and a preparation system thereof.The compound organic fertilizer for apple planting is characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 3-5 parts of charcoal powder, 20-25 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.2-0.5 part of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of sheep manure, 0.5-0.8 part of sodium tetraborate and 1-2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1 to 3 parts of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1.5 to 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.08 to 0.15 part of xanthomonas campestris, 1.2 to 1.5 parts of rhizopus arrhizus, 0.1 to 0.3 part of mucor microsporus, 5 to 10 parts of oyster shell powder, 15 to 30 parts of corn straw and 0.5 to 1.5 parts of bacillus siamensis. The soil pollution is less, the fertility is rich, and other trace elements such as boron can be easily absorbed by plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to a composite organic fertilizer for apple planting and a preparation system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fertilization is an essential step in apple cultivation. Due to excessive input of chemical fertilizers and aggravated soil pollution, the promotion of organic fertilizers is very necessary. Organic fertilizers refer to fertilizers made from animal excrement or animal and plant residues and other byproduct resources rich in organic matter as the main raw materials, which are fermented and decomposed. Commonly used organic fertilizers are made from animal feces and agricultural waste. However, some trace elements in the soil are often missing, which affects the growth of apples, especially the lack of boron, which will lead to low fruit setting rate and reduced yield of apples, as well as tissue necrosis, resulting in a decrease in yield. In addition, the lack of boron will also affect the taste of apples, and excessive addition of boron will cause yellow-brown spots due to "yellow fruit disease". Boron is currently added to organic fertilizers by directly adding sodium tetraborate, but this method is difficult to ensure that boron is continuously absorbed during the growth process of apples, and there are also cases of excessive addition and soil pollution. In the process of preparing organic fertilizers, due to the complex types of organic fertilizer raw materials, it is difficult to fully process the organic fertilizer raw materials into fertilizers that can be fully utilized. Therefore, the existing technology needs further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compound organic fertilizer for apple planting, which has less soil pollution, rich fertility, and other trace elements such as boron that are easily absorbed by plants, and a preparation system thereof that can fully process organic fertilizer raw materials into fertilizers that are fully utilized.

[0004] Based on the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A composite organic fertilizer for apple planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of biochar powder, 20-25 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.2-0.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of sheep manure, 0.5-0.8 parts of sodium tetraborate, 1-2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1.5-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.08-0.15 parts of Xanthomonas campestris, 1.2-1.5 parts of Rhizopus arrhizus, 0.1-0.3 parts of Mucor tenuisporus, 5-10 parts of oyster shell powder, 15-30 parts of corn stalks and 0.5-1.5 parts of Bacillus siamese.

[0005] A method for preparing a composite organic fertilizer for apple planting comprises the following steps: (1) crushing recycled mangosteen shells and corn stalks, adding water, then adding cellulase, performing enzymolysis at 40-50° C. for 30-50 min, then adding sheep manure and oyster shell powder to obtain an enzymolysis solution; (2) Add Rhizopus arrhizus and Mucor tenuissporus to the enzymatic hydrolysate and ferment at 30-35°C for 1-1.5h. Then add Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris and continue to ferment with stirring for 2-2.5h. Then add sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and zinc sulfate and mix well. Ferment for 2-3h. Then, dry with hot air at 35-40°C until the moisture content accounts for 10%-15% of the total mass. Then stir into powder and add biochar powder and mix well to obtain the finished product.

[0006] Furthermore, in the step (1), the mass volume ratio of mangosteen shell to water is 20-25g:500-600ml.

[0007] Furthermore, it includes an enzymolysis tank, the discharge port of the enzymolysis tank is connected to the feeding tank, the discharge port of the feeding tank is connected to the fermentation device, the discharge port of the fermentation device is connected to the hot air drying device, and the discharge port of the hot air drying device is connected to the packaging system.

[0008] Furthermore, a first feed port and a second feed port are provided at the upper end of the enzymolysis tank, and an openable and closable electromagnetic valve is provided on the first feed port and the second feed port. A filter plate is provided in the middle of the enzymolysis tank, and the filter plate divides the enzymolysis tank into an upper crushing chamber and a lower enzymolysis chamber. A stirring device and an air vent are provided on the top wall of the crushing chamber. The filter plate is made of a heat-conducting material. Several water filter ports are provided on the filter plate, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the water filter port. A heater that can heat the filter plate is provided on the lower surface of the filter plate. A high-pressure air pump is also provided on the upper surface of the filter plate. A first hydraulic cylinder is provided in the enzymolysis chamber, and the base of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enzymolysis chamber. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is connected to the second motor. The base of the second motor is connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating end of the second motor is connected to a cross bar. The length direction of the cross bar is parallel to the bottom of the enzymolysis tank. The gravity column is connected to the bottom of the cross bar through a connecting rod. The length direction of the connecting rod is parallel to the length direction of the cross bar in the same plane. The openings of the first feed port and the second feed port face upward and are higher than the top of the enzymolysis tank. The air inlet of the high-pressure air pump is connected to the ventilation pipe, one end of the ventilation pipe is fixed below the first feed port or the second feed port, and the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure air pump. An enzymolysis tank outlet is provided at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank, and a solenoid valve is provided on the enzymolysis tank outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a first motor, which is arranged on the top wall of the crushing chamber, the first motor base is connected to the top wall of the crushing chamber, the first motor output end is connected to the upper end of the rotating column, the lower end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to the filter plate through a rotating bearing, and a plurality of cutting blades are provided on the rotating column.

[0010] Furthermore, the fermentation device comprises several fermentation tanks, which are rotatably connected to the fixed frame and are arranged evenly and equidistantly along the length direction of the fixed frame, the fermentation tanks comprise a first rotating drum with an opening on one side, the opening of the first rotating drum is detachably connected through a first cover body, a second rotating drum is arranged in the first rotating drum, the outer wall of the second rotating drum is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first rotating drum through a connecting block, the second rotating drum is cylindrical with an opening on one side, a sealing plate movable along the length direction of the second rotating drum is provided on the opening of the second rotating drum, the second hydraulic cylinder is respectively connected to the second hydraulic cylinder on both sides of the plate surface facing the opening, the second hydraulic cylinder base is detachably connected to the inner wall of the second rotating drum at the opening position, the second hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod is connected to the plate surface of the sealing plate, the plate surface edge of the sealing plate is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second rotating drum, the first cover body and the sealing plate pass through the first feeding pipe, the first feeding pipe is provided with an electric A magnetic valve, a sealing plate is provided with a first through hole for a first feed pipe to pass through, an outer wall of the first feed pipe is tightly fitted with an edge of the first through hole, a first discharge pipe is passed through the bottom surface of the second drum and the bottom surface of the first drum, a solenoid valve is provided on the first discharge pipe, one end of the first discharge pipe is connected to a gravity ball through a first conduit, the gravity ball is a hollow ball and a suction hole is provided on the hollow ball, the first discharge pipe is rotatably connected to the first drum and the second drum through a bearing, one end of the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe extends into the second drum and has a gap, the other end of the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe extends out of the first drum, a synchronous gear is fixedly sleeved on the first feed pipe, a synchronous toothed belt is provided on the outer surface of the synchronous gear of several fermentation tanks, the synchronous toothed belt is driven to rotate by the rotation of the sixth motor, forming a fermentation tank self-rotating structure, a liquid discharge port is also provided on the side wall of the first drum, and a heater is provided in the second drum.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the second rotating drum and the sealing plate are provided with rubber protrusions, and the height of the rubber protrusions is greater than the diameter of the gravity ball.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed frame includes two vertically arranged support plates, the bottoms of the two support plates are connected by a fixed plate, the surface of the fixed plate is perpendicular to the surface of the support plate, the first feed pipe passes through one support plate and is connected to the discharge port of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank through the first liquid guide pipe, and the first discharge pipe passes through the other support plate and is connected to the feed port of the hot air drying tank through the second liquid guide pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the hot air drying tank includes a hot air drying tank body, a plurality of hot air blowers are arranged on the top wall of the hot air drying tank body, a hot air drying tank feed port and a feeding port are arranged on the tank body, a third motor is arranged in the tank body, a third motor base is connected to the top wall of the tank body, an output end of the third motor is connected to a first rotating plate, a lower plate surface of the first rotating plate is respectively connected to a fourth motor and a fifth motor through two vertical rods, an output end of the fourth motor and an output end of the fifth motor are both downward and respectively connected to a second rotating plate, a plurality of strip cutting blades are connected to the lower plate surface of the second rotating plate, a length direction of the plurality of strip cutting blades is the same as a length direction of the hot air drying tank body, and a hot air drying tank discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the hot air drying tank body.

[0014] The present invention recycles mangosteen shells and corn stalks. The mangosteen shells contain proanthocyanidins, which can reduce nitrogen in the soil after fertilization. 2 O, however, proanthocyanidins have antibacterial effects, and sheep manure is used to cultivate the growth of Xanthomonas campestris, Rhizopus arrhizus, Mucor fine spores, and Bacillus siamitis. Xanthomonas campestris, Rhizopus arrhizus, Mucor fine spores, and Bacillus siamitis can absorb the elements such as boron, molybdenum, zinc, and potassium added in sodium tetraborate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate, and potassium sulfate to fix trace elements. After fertilization, Xanthomonas campestris, Rhizopus arrhizus, Mucor fine spores, and Bacillus siamitis can prevent soil compaction and can also release their trace elements into the soil through their growth, which is beneficial to soil absorption and promotes the growth of apples. After fermentation, the boron element in the fertilizer is more conducive to the absorption of leaves and fruits, greatly improving the quality of apples.

[0015] The preparation system used in the present invention includes an enzymolysis tank, and since there are mangosteen shells and sheep manure in the formula of the present invention, there are more particles in the crushing and stirring process, and the cutting blade is set in the enzymolysis tank to effectively cut the mangosteen shells and sheep manure, and then the fiber in the mangosteen shell is enzymolyzed using cellulase, and then the gravity column is also set to further break the sheep manure therein, and after stirring and mixing, the particles and fibers in the enzymolysis solution are reduced, and the fluency of the enzymolysis solution delivery is increased, and it can also ensure that the strains are easy to decompose the nutrients therein during the fermentation process, absorb and transform the nutrients, and accelerate the expansion and cultivation of the strains. The present invention also provides a fermentation device, and the fermentation device includes multiple fermentation tanks, and multiple fermentation tanks can be rotated synchronously for fermentation, and during the fermentation process, multiple fermentation tanks are used for independent fermentation, which can make the heating uniform, and the nutrients will not be deposited in the lower layer due to gravity, causing the strains to survive only above the fermentation liquid, and it can be ensured that it is fully fermented, and the fertilizer prepared by the equipment in the present invention improves the sweetness and taste of apples after use. There are few chemical components in the fertilizer prepared by the present invention, which can not only increase soil fertility, but also ensure that soil organic matter continues to grow while increasing yield and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank; Figure 3 is a position relationship diagram of the synchronous belt and the sixth motor; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fermentation device; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hot air drying device; Figure 6 It is the structural diagram of the gravity ball; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example

[0017] A composite organic fertilizer for apple planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of biochar powder, 20 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.2 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of sheep manure, 0.5 parts of sodium tetraborate, 1 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.08 parts of Xanthomonas campestris, 1.2 parts of Rhizopus arrhizus, 0.1 parts of Mucor tenuisporus, 5 parts of oyster shell powder, 15 parts of corn stalks and 0.5 parts of Bacillus siamese.

[0018] A method for preparing a composite organic fertilizer for apple planting comprises the following steps: (1) crushing recycled mangosteen shells and corn stalks, adding water, then adding cellulase, performing enzymolysis at 40-50° C. for 30-50 min, then adding sheep manure and oyster shell powder to obtain an enzymolysis solution; the mass volume ratio of the mangosteen shells to water is 20-25 g:500-600 ml.

[0019] (2) Add Rhizopus arrhizus and Mucor tenuissporus to the enzymatic hydrolysate and ferment at 30-35°C for 1-1.5h. Then add Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris and continue to ferment with stirring for 2-2.5h. Then add sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and zinc sulfate and mix well. Ferment for 2-3h. Then, dry with hot air at 35-40°C until the moisture content accounts for 10%-15% of the total mass. After stirring into powder, add biochar powder and mix well to obtain the finished product.

[0020] like Figure 1-7 A system using the preparation method shown includes an enzymolysis tank 1, the discharge port of the enzymolysis tank 1 is connected to a feeding tank 5, the discharge port of the feeding tank 5 is connected to a fermentation device 2, the discharge port of the fermentation device 2 is connected to a hot air drying device 3, and the discharge port of the hot air drying device 3 is connected to a packaging system 4.

[0021] The upper end of the enzymolysis tank 1 is provided with a first feed port 101 and a second feed port 102, and the first feed port 101 and the second feed port 102 are provided with an openable and closable electromagnetic valve. A filter plate 103 is provided in the middle of the enzymolysis tank 1, and the filter plate 103 divides the enzymolysis tank 1 into an upper crushing chamber 104 and a lower enzymolysis chamber 105. A stirring device and an air vent 108 are provided on the top wall of the crushing chamber 104. The filter plate 103 is made of a heat-conducting material, and two water filter ports 119 are provided on the filter plate 103. The water filter port 119 is provided with an electromagnetic valve. The lower plate surface of the filter plate 103 is provided with a heater 110 that can heat the filter plate 103, and the upper plate surface of the filter plate 103 is also provided with a high-pressure air pump. 111, a first hydraulic cylinder 112 is provided on the bottom surface of the enzymolysis chamber 105, the base of the first hydraulic cylinder 112 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enzymolysis chamber 105, the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 112 faces upward and is connected to the second motor 113, the base of the second motor 113 is connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 112, the rotating end of the second motor 113 is connected to the cross bar 114, the length direction of the cross bar 114 is parallel to the bottom of the enzymolysis tank 1, the gravity column 117 is connected to the cross bar 114 through a connecting rod 118 below, the length direction of the connecting rod 118 is parallel to the length direction of the cross bar 114 in the same plane, and the openings of the first feed port 101 and the second feed port 102 face upward and are higher than the top of the enzymolysis tank 1. The air inlet of the high-pressure air pump 111 is connected to the ventilation pipe 115, one end of the ventilation pipe 115 is fixed below the first feed port 1 or the second feed port 102, and the other end of the ventilation pipe 115 is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure air pump 111. An enzymolysis tank outlet 116 is provided at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank 1, and a solenoid valve is provided on the enzymolysis tank outlet 116.

[0022] The stirring device includes a first motor, the first motor 106 is arranged on the top wall of the crushing chamber 104, the base of the first motor 106 is connected to the top wall of the crushing chamber 104, the output end of the first motor 106 is connected to the upper end of the rotating column 107, the lower end of the rotating column 107 is rotatably connected to the filter plate 103 through a rotating bearing 25, and a plurality of cutting blades 109 are provided on the rotating column 107.

[0023] The fermentation device 2 includes a plurality of fermentation tanks 21, which are rotatably connected to a fixed frame 22 and are evenly and evenly spaced along the length direction of the fixed frame 22. The fermentation tank 21 includes a first rotating drum 211 with an opening on one side. The opening of the first rotating drum 211 is detachably connected through a first cover 212. The first rotating drum 211 and the first cover 212 can be detachably connected by a locking member or the like, but not limited to this method. A second rotating drum 213 is arranged in the first rotating drum 211. The outer wall of the second rotating drum 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first rotating drum 211 through a connecting block 214. The second rotating drum 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first rotating drum 211 through a connecting block 214. The rotating drum 213 is cylindrical with an opening on one side. A sealing plate 215 that can move along the length direction of the second rotating drum 213 is provided on the opening of the second rotating drum 213. The sealing plate 215 is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 219 on both sides of the plate surface facing the opening. The base of the second hydraulic cylinder 219 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the second rotating drum 213 at the opening position. The telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 219 is connected to the plate surface of the sealing plate 215. The plate edge of the sealing plate 215 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second rotating drum 213. The first cover 212 and the sealing plate 215 pass through the first feed pipe 216. The first feed pipe 216 is connected to the sealing plate 215. The tube 216 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the sealing plate 215 is provided with a first through hole 217 for the first feed tube 216 to pass through, the outer wall of the first feed tube 216 is tightly fitted with the edge of the first through hole 217, the bottom surface of the second rotating cylinder 213 and the bottom surface of the first rotating cylinder 211 pass through the first discharge tube 218, the first discharge tube 218 is provided with an electromagnetic valve, one end of the first discharge tube 218 is connected to the gravity ball 28 through the first conduit, the gravity ball 28 is a hollow ball and the hollow ball is provided with a suction hole 281, the first discharge tube 218 is connected to the first rotating cylinder 211 and the second rotating cylinder 213 through the bearing 25 The first feed pipe 216 and the first discharge pipe 218 are dynamically connected, one end of the first feed pipe 216 and the first discharge pipe 218 extend into the second rotating drum 213 and have a gap, the other end of the first feed pipe 216 and the first discharge pipe 218 extend out of the first rotating drum 211, a synchronous gear 23 is fixedly mounted on the first feed pipe 216, the first feed pipe 216 is fixedly connected to the first cover body 212, a synchronous belt 26 is arranged outside the synchronous gear 23 of several fermentation tanks 21, the synchronous belt 26 is driven to rotate by the sixth motor 27, thereby forming a structure for the fermentation tank 21 to rotate, and a discharge port 24 is also provided on the side wall of the first rotating drum 211.

[0024] The bottom surface of the second rotating drum 213 and the sealing plate 215 are provided with rubber protrusions 29, and the height of the rubber protrusions 29 is greater than the diameter of the gravity ball 28. The fixed frame 22 includes two vertically arranged support plates 221, the bottoms of the two support plates 221 are connected by a fixed plate 222, the plate surface of the fixed plate 222 is perpendicular to the plate surface of the support plate 221, the first feed pipe 216 passes through one support plate 221 and is connected to the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116 through the first liquid guide pipe 223, and the first discharge pipe 218 passes through the other support plate 221 and is connected to the hot air drying tank feed port through the second liquid guide pipe 224.

[0025] The hot air drying tank 3 comprises a hot air drying tank body 301, a plurality of hot air blowers 312 are arranged on the top wall of the hot air drying tank body 301, a hot air drying tank feed port 302 and a feeding port 303 are arranged on the tank body, a third motor 304 is arranged in the tank body 301, a base of the third motor 304 is connected to the top wall of the tank body 301, an output end of the third motor 304 is connected to a first rotating plate 305, a lower plate surface of the first rotating plate 305 is respectively connected to a fourth motor 307 and a fifth motor 308 through two vertical rods 306, an output end of the fourth motor 307 and an output end of the fifth motor 308 are both downward and respectively connected to a second rotating plate 309, a plurality of strip cutting blades 310 are connected to the lower plate surface of the second rotating plate 309, a length direction of the plurality of strip cutting blades 310 is the same as that of the hot air drying tank body 301, and a hot air drying tank discharge port 311 is arranged at the bottom of the hot air drying tank body 301. The feed tank 5 is provided with a feed inlet 501 and a feed outlet 502, a feed inlet 503 is provided on the top of the feed tank 5, and a stirrer 504 is also provided in the feed tank 5. A heater 6 is provided in the second rotating drum.

[0026] During the preparation process, the electromagnetic valves of the first feed port 101 and the second feed port 102 are first opened, and then the recycled mangosteen shells and corn stalks are introduced from the first feed port 101, and the first motor 106 in the stirring device is turned on. The first motor 106 drives the cutting blade to crush the mangosteen shells and corn stalks, and water is added. After the water and mangosteen shells are mixed with the corn stalks, cellulase is added, and stirring is continued. Then, sheep manure and oyster shell powder are added from the second feed port 102, and stirred evenly. While stirring, the heater 110 is turned on, the filter plate starts to heat, and the liquid inside the crushing chamber 104 is heated. After continuing to stir for 30-40 minutes, the filter port 109 is opened. The enzymolysis solution after enzymolysis in the crushing chamber 104 enters the enzymolysis chamber 105, and then the first hydraulic cylinder 112 is opened to control the gravity column 117 to move up and down, pressing the unbroken plant fibers and sheep dung particles in the enzymolysis solution to fully crush them, and then the second motor 113 is opened, the first hydraulic cylinder 112 is closed, the gravity column 117 rotates, and then the first hydraulic cylinder 112 is opened to move the gravity column 117 up and down, pressing the unbroken plant fibers and other large particles in the enzymolysis solution. Then, the second motor 113 and the first hydraulic cylinder 112 are alternately opened, and after stirring and pressing for 30-50 minutes, the feeding tank 5 is opened, and the feeding port is added from the feeding tank. 503 add Rhizopus arrhizae and Mucor microspore powder, open the solenoid valve of the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116, a small amount of enzymolysis solution in the enzymolysis tank enters the feeding tank 5, close the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116, mix the Rhizopus arrhizae and Mucor microspore powder with the enzymolysis solution, then open the first discharge pipe 218 and the solenoid valve of the first feed pipe 216 of several fermentation tanks 21 in turn, the Rhizopus arrhizae and Mucor microspore powder mixed with the enzymolysis solution enter the second drum 213, a flow meter and a pressure pump are also provided between the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116 and the feeding tank feed port 501, then open the enzymolysis tank discharge port, the enzymolysis solution enters the second drum 213, and the added liquid level is not high. At the height of the first feed pipe 218 and the first feed pipe 216, if the liquid level is high, the space size in the second drum 213 can be adjusted by adjusting the second hydraulic cylinder 219, and then the electromagnetic valves of the first discharge pipe 218 and the first feed pipe 216 are closed, and the sixth motor 27 is turned on. The sixth motor 27 drives the fermentation tank 21 to rotate. The fermentation tank 21 rotates to mix the fermentation liquid inside, and then stops, and the electromagnetic valve of the first discharge port 218 is opened. The fermentation liquid is fermenting, and the electromagnetic valve of the first discharge pipe 218 is closed again to rotate the fermentation tank 21 to ensure that the internal fermentation liquid is mixed evenly. Ferment at 30-35°C for 1-1.5h, then add Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris into the feeding tank 5, open the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116, so that Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris are evenly mixed with a small amount of enzymolysis liquid, close the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116, and then open the first discharge pipe 218 and the solenoid valve of the first feed pipe 216, so that the enzymolysis liquid and the mixed liquid of Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris are flushed into the second rotating drum 213, and then close the first discharge pipe 218 and the solenoid valve of the first feed pipe 216, rotate the second rotating drum, mix the fermentation liquid with Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris evenly, stop the rotation of the sixth motor 27 again, open the solenoid valve of the first discharge pipe 218, after fermentation for a period of time, close the solenoid valve of the first discharge pipe 218, open the sixth motor 27 again and rotate for 5min, repeat the opening and closing of the motor 27 several times, and ferment for 2-2 .5h later, sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, and zinc sulfate are added to the feed tank 5, the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116 is opened to mix it evenly with a small amount of enzymolysis solution, the enzymolysis tank discharge port 116 is closed, and the first discharge pipe 218 and the electromagnetic valve of the first feed pipe 216 are opened to mix the enzymolysis solution with sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, and zinc sulfate, and then the first discharge pipe 218 and the electromagnetic valve of the first feed pipe 216 are closed, and then the motor 27 is turned on to rotate the second drum, stir and mix evenly, and use a pressure pump to suck the fermentation liquid of the second drum out of the suction hole 281 and enter the hot air drying tank 3, the first rotating plate 305 and the second rotating plate 309 rotate, and the hot air blower dries and cuts to prevent agglomeration, and then it is discharged from the hot air drying tank discharge port 311 and enters the packaging system. . Example

[0027] A composite organic fertilizer for apple planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of biochar powder, 23 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of sheep manure, 0.6 parts of sodium tetraborate, 1.5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1 parts of Xanthomonas campestris, 1.3 parts of Rhizopus arrhizus, 0.2 parts of Mucor tenuisporus, 8 parts of oyster shell powder, 20 parts of corn stalks and 1 part of Bacillus siamese. Example

[0028] A composite organic fertilizer for apple planting is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of biochar powder, 25 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of sheep manure, 0.8 parts of sodium tetraborate, 2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.15 parts of Xanthomonas campestris, 1.5 parts of Rhizopus arrhizus, 0.3 parts of Mucor tenuisporus, 10 parts of oyster shell powder, 30 parts of corn stalks and 1.5 parts of Bacillus siamese.

[0029] The fertilizer prepared by the equipment and method of Example 1 was used to fertilize apple trees. Fertilization was performed on 10 mu of land in February, June and October, with 15 kg of fertilizer applied per mu each time. Then, the boron and molybdenum contents in the leaves and fruits were tested in March, July, October and December, respectively. The fertilizer made by mixing biochar powder, potassium sulfate, sheep manure, sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate, oyster shell powder, and corn stalks was used as a control group to fertilize apple trees. Fertilizer was applied to 10 mu of land in February, June, and October, with 15 kg of fertilizer applied per mu each time. Then, the boron and molybdenum content in its leaves and fruits was tested in March, July, October, and December respectively.

[0030] Experimental methods: 10g of fresh leaves or fruits were picked, crushed, added with deionized water, stirred at 22-26°C for 20h, filtered to obtain the first filtrate and leaf residue, then 10ml of 1mol sodium chloride was added to the leaf residue, stirred at 22-26°C for 20h, filtered to obtain the second filtrate and leaf residue, then 10ml of 1mol hydrochloric acid was added to the leaf residue, filtered to obtain the third filtrate and leaf residue, and the curcumin colorimetric method was used to determine the boron content (mg / kg). The fruit was harvested on September 16.

[0031] The test results are shown in Table 1 below: March July October December Example 1 19.387 19.963 20.657 21.961 Comparison group 6.468 7.352 7.117 6.622 As can be seen from the above, the leaves are more easily absorbed after using the fertilizer prepared by the present invention, and the boron content is still very high after a period of time after fertilization. Therefore, the fertilizer of the present invention still has good slow-release properties after a period of time after fertilization.

[0032] Table 2 shows the content of apple fruit on September 16 (mg / kg) September 16 Apple Fruit Example 1 4.129 Comparison group 1.697 It can be seen from the above that the fruit is more easily absorbed after using the fertilizer prepared by the present invention.

[0033] Detection of fruit sweetness 10 g of the pulp of Example 1 and the control group in Test Example 1 were weighed respectively, and two groups, Group A1 (10 g of the pulp of Example 1), Group A2 (10 g of the pulp of Example 1), Group B1 (10 g of the pulp of Example 2) and Group B2 (10 g of the pulp of Example 2) were taken respectively, 500 ml of deionized water was added to the pulp, and the pulp was crushed into slurry. After heating at 55-60° C. for 2 h in a closed environment, the supernatant was taken after centrifugation, and the soluble sugar content (%) was determined by the anthrone method. The results of the determination are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3 Soluble sugar content A1 23.8% A2 21.1% B1 9.4% B2 8.3% As can be seen from the above, the soluble sugar content of the fruit obtained by using the fertilizer prepared by the present invention is much higher than that in the prior art, and the sweetness of the apple is greatly improved.

[0034] Detection of fruit acidity Weigh 10 g of the pulp of Example 1 and the control group in Test Example 1, respectively, and take two groups A1 (10 g of the pulp of Example 1), A2 (10 g of the pulp of Example 1), B1 (10 g of the pulp of Example 2), and B2 (10 g of the pulp of Example 2), add 500 ml of deionized water to the pulp, crush it into slurry, heat it at 55-60°C in a closed environment for 2 h, take 50 ml of the slurry and use 0.1 mol L -1 Titrate with NaOH standard solution, record the acidity of the titrant, calculate the acidity, The acidity (%) = sodium hydroxide standard solution concentration × sodium hydroxide standard solution dosage × malic acid acidity coefficient (malic acid 0.067) × (500ml / 50ml) × 100 / sample mass, The test results are shown in Table 4 below: Table 4 acidity(%) A1 0.106 A2 0.124 B1 0.397 B2 0.412 It can be seen from the above that the fruits grown after fertilizing with the fertilizer prepared by the present invention have lower acidity and better quality.

[0035] Fruit yield comparison The fertilizer prepared by the equipment and method of Example 1 was used to fertilize apple trees. Fertilizer was applied to 5 mu of land in February, June and October respectively, with 15 kg of fertilizer applied per mu each time. The average yield per mu was calculated to be about 7566 catties.

[0036] The fertilizer directly prepared by mixing biochar powder, potassium sulfate, sheep manure, sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate, oyster shell powder, and corn stalks was used as a control group to fertilize apple trees. Fertilization was performed on 10 acres of land in February, June, and October, respectively, with 15 kg of fertilizer applied per acre each time. The average yield per acre was calculated to be about 4249 catties. Therefore, the use of the fertilizer prepared in Example 1 for fertilization has greatly improved yield.

Claims

1. A compound organic fertilizer for apple planting, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of biochar powder, 20-25 parts of mangosteen shells, 0.2-0.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-8 parts of sheep manure, 0.5-0.8 parts of sodium tetraborate, 1-2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1.5-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.08-0.15 parts of Xanthomonas campestris, 1.2-1.5 parts of Rhizopus arrhizus, 0.1-0.3 parts of Mucor tenuisporus, 5-10 parts of oyster shell powder, 15-30 parts of corn stalks and 0.5-1.5 parts of Bacillus siamese.

2. A method for preparing the composite organic fertilizer for apple planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the recovered mangosteen shells and corn stalks, adding water, then adding cellulase, performing enzymolysis at 40-50° C. for 30-50 min, and then adding sheep manure and oyster shell powder to obtain enzymolysis solution; (2) Add Rhizopus arrhizus and Mucor tenuissporus to the enzymatic hydrolysate and ferment at 30-35°C for 1-1.5h. Then add Bacillus siamese and Xanthomonas campestris and continue to ferment with stirring for 2-2.5h. Then add sodium tetraborate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate and zinc sulfate and mix well. Ferment for 2-3h. Then, dry with hot air at 35-40°C until the moisture content accounts for 10%-15% of the total mass. Then stir into powder and add biochar powder and mix well to obtain the finished product.

3. The method for preparing composite organic fertilizer for apple planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass volume ratio of mangosteen shell to water is 20-25g:500-600ml.

4. A system using the preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enzymolysis tank comprises an enzymolysis tank, the discharge port of the enzymolysis tank is connected to a feeding tank, the discharge port of the feeding tank is connected to a fermentation device, the discharge port of the fermentation device is connected to a hot air drying device, and the discharge port of the hot air drying device is connected to a packaging system.

5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the enzymolysis tank is provided with a first feed port and a second feed port, and the first feed port and the second feed port are provided with an openable and closable electromagnetic valve. A filter plate is provided in the middle of the enzymolysis tank, and the filter plate divides the enzymolysis tank into an upper crushing chamber and a lower enzymolysis chamber. A stirring device and an air vent are provided on the top wall of the crushing chamber. The filter plate is made of heat-conducting material, and a plurality of water filter ports are provided on the filter plate. The water filter ports are provided with an electromagnetic valve. A heater that can heat the filter plate is provided on the lower plate surface of the filter plate. A high-pressure air pump is also provided on the upper plate surface of the filter plate. A first hydraulic cylinder is provided in the enzymolysis chamber, and the base of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the enzymolysis chamber. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder faces upward and is connected to the second motor. The base of the second motor is connected to the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder, and the rotating end of the second motor is connected to a cross bar. The length direction of the cross bar is parallel to the bottom of the enzymolysis tank. The gravity column is connected to the bottom of the cross bar through a connecting rod. The length direction of the connecting rod is parallel to the length direction of the cross bar in the same plane. The openings of the first feed port and the second feed port face upward and are higher than the top of the enzymolysis tank. The air inlet of the high-pressure air pump is connected to the ventilation pipe, one end of the ventilation pipe is fixed below the first feed port or the second feed port, and the other end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the air inlet of the high-pressure air pump. An enzymolysis tank outlet is provided at the bottom of the enzymolysis tank, and a solenoid valve is provided on the enzymolysis tank outlet.

6. The system of the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring device includes a first motor, which is arranged on the top wall of the crushing chamber. The first motor base is connected to the top wall of the crushing chamber. The output end of the first motor is connected to the upper end of the rotating column. The lower end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to the filter plate through a rotating bearing. Several cutting blades are provided on the rotating column.

7. The system of the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation device comprises several fermentation tanks, which are rotatably connected to a fixed frame and are arranged uniformly and equidistantly along the length direction of the fixed frame. The fermentation tank comprises a first rotating drum with an opening on one side, the opening of the first rotating drum is detachably connected through a first cover body, a second rotating drum is arranged in the first rotating drum, the outer wall of the second rotating drum is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first rotating drum through a connecting block, the second rotating drum is cylindrical with an opening on one side, a sealing plate movable along the length direction of the second rotating drum is arranged on the opening of the second rotating drum, the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder base at both sides of the plate surface facing the opening, the second hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod is connected to the sealing plate surface, the plate edge of the sealing plate is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the second rotating drum, the first cover body and the sealing plate pass through the first feeding pipe, the first feeding pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, The sealing plate is provided with a first through hole for the first feed pipe to pass through, and the outer side wall of the first feed pipe is tightly fitted with the edge of the first through hole. The first discharge pipe passes through the bottom surface of the second rotating drum and the bottom surface of the first rotating drum, and the first discharge pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve. One end of the first discharge pipe is connected to the gravity ball through the first conduit. The gravity ball is a hollow ball and the hollow ball is provided with a suction hole. The first discharge pipe is rotatably connected with the first rotating drum and the second rotating drum through a bearing. One end of the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe extends into the second rotating drum and has a gap, and the other end of the first feed pipe and the first discharge pipe extends out of the first rotating drum. A synchronous gear is fixedly sleeved on the first feed pipe, and a synchronous toothed belt is arranged on the outer surface of the synchronous gear of several fermentation tanks. The synchronous toothed belt is driven to rotate by the rotation of the sixth motor to form a fermentation tank self-rotating structure. A liquid discharge port is also provided on the side wall of the first rotating drum, and a heater is provided in the second rotating drum.

8. The system of the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the second rotating drum and the sealing plate are provided with rubber protrusions, and the height of the rubber protrusions is greater than the diameter of the gravity ball.

9. The system of the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed frame includes two vertically arranged support plates, the bottoms of the two support plates are connected by a fixed plate, the surface of the fixed plate is perpendicular to the surface of the support plate, the first feed pipe passes through one support plate and is connected to the discharge port of the enzymolysis tank through the first liquid guide pipe, and the first discharge pipe passes through the other support plate and is connected to the feed port of the hot air drying tank through the second liquid guide pipe.

10. The system of the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hot air drying tank comprises a hot air drying tank body, a plurality of hot air blowers are arranged on the top wall of the hot air drying tank body, a hot air drying tank feed port and a feeding port are arranged on the tank body, a third motor is arranged in the tank body, a third motor base is connected to the top wall of the tank body, an output end of the third motor is connected to a first rotating plate, a lower plate surface of the first rotating plate is respectively connected to a fourth motor and a fifth motor through two vertical rods, an output end of the fourth motor and an output end of the fifth motor are both downward and respectively connected to a second rotating plate, a plurality of strip cutting blades are connected to the lower plate surface of the second rotating plate, a length direction of the plurality of strip cutting blades is the same as a length direction of the hot air drying tank body, and a hot air drying tank discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the hot air drying tank body.

Images