A method for preparing soil-improving microbial fertilizer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer. The method is used to solve the problems that most microbial fertilizers have poor water retention and microbial activity, and the preparation process is complicated and costly, which restricts the effect of the fertilizer in practical applications. The preparation method provides rich nutrients for the soil-improving microbial fertilizer through the rational compounding of multiple raw materials, and a loaded composite bacterial agent is added to the soil-improving microbial fertilizer, which can achieve the synergistic effect of multiple beneficial microorganisms, thereby effectively improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting plant growth. The method also has the advantages of good fertilizer retention and degradability, as well as water and fertilizer saving, ultimately improving the yield and quality of crops and achieving the purpose of protecting the agricultural ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural production faces challenges such as declining soil fertility and environmental pollution. Improving soil nutrient utilization and improving soil structure and the ecological environment are urgent needs. While traditional chemical fertilizers can significantly improve soil fertility in the short term, long-term or excessive use can easily lead to soil damage, environmental pollution, and ecological impacts.

[0003] Replacing traditional chemical fertilizers with microbial fertilizers has become an important approach for soil improvement. Microbial fertilizers can promote plant growth, inhibit pathogen growth, improve soil structure, and enhance soil fertility. However, most existing microbial fertilizers suffer from poor water retention and microbial activity, and their complex and costly preparation processes limit their effectiveness in practical applications.

[0004] Therefore, developing a method for preparing soil-improving microbial fertilizer has important practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing soil-improving microbial fertilizer, which solves the problems that most microbial fertilizers have poor water retention capacity and microbial activity, and the preparation process is complicated and costly, which restricts their effectiveness in practical applications.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Weigh 50-60 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of corn bran, 8-14 parts of shell powder, 5-9 parts of attapulgite, 2.5-5.5 parts of urea, 1.7-2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6-1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5-7.5 parts of loaded composite bacterial agent, 0.4-0.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.3 parts of zinc sulfate and 45-55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0009] Step 2: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer;

[0010] The loaded composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0011] The composite bacterial agent powder and deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen protection is introduced. The reaction is stirred for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 20-25°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min. Then, the enhanced wine lees biochar is added and the stirring reaction is continued for 2-3 hours. Then, the cellulose coating agent is added and the stirring reaction is continued for 30-40 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 30-35°C for 3-5 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the composite bacterial agent powder, deionized water, enhanced vinasse biochar and cellulose coating agent is 1-5g:50-60mL:10g:1.5-3.5g.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the composite bacterial agent powder is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder, and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5:1-2.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥ 20 billion CFU / g.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the enhanced vinasse biochar is prepared by the following steps:

[0018] Step a1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the vinasse at a temperature of 600-620°C under nitrogen protection for 3-4 hours, then cooling the vinasse with the furnace, washing the vinasse with distilled water 2-3 times, and then placing the vinasse in a vacuum drying oven, drying the vinasse at a temperature of 80-85°C for 3-5 hours, and then pulverizing the vinasse through an 80-100 mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar;

[0019] Step a2: Add vinasse biochar, potassium permanganate and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 20-25°C and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min, then raise the temperature to 50-55°C and continue stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, cool the reaction product to room temperature and then centrifuge it. Wash the precipitate with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water 2-3 times in sequence, then place it in a vacuum drying oven and dry it at a temperature of 80-85°C for 3-4 hours to obtain enhanced vinasse biochar.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the vinasse biochar, potassium permanganate and deionized water in step a2 is 5g:9-15g:100mL.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the cellulose coating agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0022] Step b1: adding corn straw powder and nitric acid solution to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min for 20-30 minutes, then heating to 90-100° C. and continuing to stir and react for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is washed with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water 2-3 times in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 70-75° C. for 2-3 hours to obtain straw cellulose;

[0023] Step b2: Add straw cellulose, acrylic acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium persulfate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 20-25°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heat to 70-75°C and continue stirring and reacting for 8-10 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then rotary evaporated to remove the solvent, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 60-65°C for 3-5 hours, and then crushed through a 40-50 mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the corn straw powder and the nitric acid solution in step b1 is 1 g: 20-25 mL.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: the mass fraction of the nitric acid solution in step b1 is 10-15%.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention: the usage ratio of the straw cellulose, acrylic acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium persulfate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and deionized water in step b2 is 10g:1.5-3.5g:0.4-0.8g:1-2g:0.5-0.9g:100-110mL.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, a loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly; and then granulating the mixture through a granulator to obtain the soil-improving microbial fertilizer. The preparation method provides rich nutrients for the soil-improving microbial fertilizer through reasonable compounding of multiple raw materials, and the loaded composite bacterial agent is added to the soil-improving microbial fertilizer, which can achieve the synergistic effect of multiple beneficial microorganisms, thereby effectively improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and promoting plant growth. The method also has the advantages of good fertilizer retention, degradability, and water and fertilizer saving, thereby ultimately improving the yield and quality of crops and achieving the purpose of protecting the agricultural ecological environment.

[0029] In the process of preparing soil-improving microbial fertilizer, a loaded composite bacterial agent is first prepared. First, distiller's grains are carbonized as raw materials to form distiller's grains biochar. Then, the distiller's grains biochar is treated with potassium permanganate, which significantly increases the roughness of the surface of the distiller's grains biochar and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups, thereby improving the adsorption capacity of the distiller's grains biochar, and obtaining enhanced distiller's grains biochar. Then, corn straw powder is used as raw material for extraction to obtain straw cellulose. Then, the hydroxyl groups on the straw cellulose are grafted with the carboxyl groups on the acrylic acid, and the alkenyl groups are polymerized to form polyacrylic acid, and cross-linking is achieved under the action of N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide to form a cellulose coating agent with a high degree of cross-linking. Finally, the enhanced distiller's grains biochar is used to adsorb the composite bacterial agent powder, and the composite bacterial agent powder is introduced into the internal micropores and surface pits of the enhanced distiller's grains biochar, and then coated under the action of the cellulose coating agent to obtain Loaded composite bacterial agent; distiller's grains are a by-product produced during the production of white wine. They are rich in organic matter and a variety of nutrients. Their comprehensive utilization can achieve the purpose of turning waste into treasure, energy saving and environmental protection. In addition, distiller's grains biochar has a rich pore structure, which can improve the air permeability and water retention of the soil and prevent the soil from becoming compacted. It can also carry a large number of beneficial microorganisms, providing a good habitat for microorganisms, which is beneficial to protecting the activity of microorganisms and prolonging the survival time of the bacteria in the soil. The synergistic effect of multiple beneficial microorganisms can promote the transformation and absorption of nutrients in the soil and improve soil fertility. Afterwards, a cellulose coating agent is coated on its surface. The cellulose coating agent contains a large number of hydrophilic groups, which gives it excellent water absorption and water retention properties, can improve the soil's water retention capacity, provide sufficient water for the growth of crops, and can effectively promote the root development and nutrient absorption of crops, thereby improving crop yield and quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] This embodiment is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the vinasse at 600°C under nitrogen protection for 3 hours, cooling the vinasse with the furnace, washing the vinasse twice with distilled water, drying the vinasse in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 3 hours, and then crushing the vinasse through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar;

[0034] Step S2: 5 g of vinasse biochar, 9 g of potassium permanganate, and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stirred at 20° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 20 min. The mixture was then heated to 50° C. and stirred for 4 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 80° C. for 3 h to obtain enhanced vinasse biochar.

[0035] Step S3: 1 g of corn straw powder and 20 mL of a 10% mass fraction nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 20° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 20 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 90° C. and stirred for 4 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 70° C. for 2 hours to obtain straw cellulose.

[0036] Step S4: 10 g of straw cellulose, 1.5 g of acrylic acid, 0.4 g of potassium hydroxide, 1 g of potassium persulfate, 0.5 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The mixture was stirred at 20°C and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 20 minutes, and then the temperature was raised to 70°C and the stirring reaction was continued for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. The reaction product was then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60°C for 3 hours. The product was then crushed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent;

[0037] Step S5: adding 1 g of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder, and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 to a composite bacterial agent powder and 50 mL of deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and an air guide tube, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 20° C. and a stirring rate of 300 r / min for 20 minutes, then adding 10 g of enhanced lees biochar and continuing to stir and react for 2 hours, then adding 1.5 g of cellulose coating agent and continuing to stir and react for 30 minutes, after which the reaction is completed, placing the reaction product in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 30° C. for 3 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0038] Step S6: Weigh 50 parts of peat, 20 parts of corn bran, 8 parts of shell powder, 5 parts of attapulgite, 2.5 parts of urea, 1.7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5 parts of a loaded composite bacterial agent, 0.4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1 parts of zinc sulfate, and 45 parts of water according to weight, and set aside;

[0039] Step S7: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] This embodiment is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing at a temperature of 610°C under nitrogen protection for 3.5 hours, then cooling with the furnace, washing with distilled water twice, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven, drying at a temperature of 82°C for 4 hours, and then crushing through a 90-mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar;

[0043] Step S2: 5 g of vinasse biochar, 12 g of potassium permanganate, and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 22° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min for 25 min. The mixture was then heated to 52° C. and stirred for 4.5 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 82° C. for 3.5 h to obtain enhanced vinasse biochar.

[0044] Step S3: 1 g of corn straw powder and 22 mL of 12% nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 22° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min for 25 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 95° C. and stirred for 4.5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 72° C. for 2.5 hours to obtain straw cellulose.

[0045] Step S4: 10 g of straw cellulose, 2.5 g of acrylic acid, 0.6 g of potassium hydroxide, 1.5 g of potassium persulfate, 0.7 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 105 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The mixture was stirred at a temperature of 22°C and a stirring rate of 350 r / min for 25 minutes, and then the temperature was raised to 72°C and the stirring reaction was continued for 9 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. The reaction product was then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 62°C for 4 hours, and then crushed through a 45-mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent;

[0046] Step S5: adding 3 g of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder, and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:1.5 to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and an air guide tube, and introducing nitrogen protection. Stirring and reacting for 25 minutes at a temperature of 22° C. and a stirring rate of 350 r / min, then adding 10 g of enhanced lees biochar and continuing to stir and react for 2.5 hours, then adding 2.5 g of cellulose coating agent and continuing to stir and react for 35 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 32° C. for 4 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0047] Step S6: Weigh 55 parts of peat, 25 parts of corn bran, 11 parts of shell powder, 7 parts of attapulgite, 4 parts of urea, 1.9 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.9 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of supported composite bacterial agent, 0.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.2 parts of zinc sulfate and 50 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0048] Step S7: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] This embodiment is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the vinasse at 620°C under nitrogen protection for 4 hours, cooling the vinasse with the furnace, washing the vinasse with distilled water three times, drying the vinasse in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 5 hours, and then crushing the vinasse through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar;

[0052] Step S2: 5 g of vinasse biochar, 15 g of potassium permanganate, and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stirred at 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 min. The mixture was then heated to 55° C. and stirred for 5 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 85° C. for 4 h to obtain enhanced vinasse biochar.

[0053] Step S3: 1 g of corn straw powder and 25 mL of a 15% mass fraction nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 100° C. and stirred for 5 hours. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 75° C. for 3 hours to obtain straw cellulose.

[0054] Step S4: 10 g of straw cellulose, 3.5 g of acrylic acid, 0.8 g of potassium hydroxide, 2 g of potassium persulfate, 0.9 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 110 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The mixture was stirred at 25 ° C and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes, and then the temperature was raised to 75 ° C and the stirring reaction was continued for 10 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. Then, the reaction product was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 65 ° C for 5 hours, and then crushed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent;

[0055] Step S5: adding 5 g of a composite bacterial agent powder prepared by mixing 5 g of Bacillus subtilis powder, 5 g of Bacillus megaterium powder, and 5 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2 and 60 mL of deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and an air guide tube, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes, then adding 10 g of enhanced lees biochar and continuing to stir and react for 3 hours, then adding 3.5 g of a cellulose coating agent and continuing to stir and react for 40 minutes, after which the reaction is completed, placing the reaction product in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at a temperature of 35° C. for 5 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0056] Step S6: Weigh 60 parts of peat, 30 parts of corn bran, 14 parts of shell powder, 9 parts of attapulgite, 5.5 parts of urea, 2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 7.5 parts of supported composite bacterial agent, 0.6 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate and 55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0057] Step S7: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0058] Comparative Example 1:

[0059] This comparative example is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step S1: Weigh 60 parts of peat, 30 parts of corn bran, 14 parts of shell powder, 9 parts of attapulgite, 5.5 parts of urea, 2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 0.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate and 55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0061] Step S2: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0062] Comparative Example 2:

[0063] This comparative example is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: Weigh 60 parts of peat, 30 parts of corn bran, 14 parts of shell powder, 9 parts of attapulgite, 5.5 parts of urea, 2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 7.5 parts of a composite bacterial agent powder mixed with Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder, and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2, 0.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate, and 55 parts of water, and set aside; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0065] Step S2: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, composite bacterial agent powder, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0066] Comparative Example 3:

[0067] This comparative example is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step S1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the vinasse at 620°C under nitrogen protection for 4 hours, cooling the vinasse with the furnace, washing the vinasse with distilled water three times, drying the vinasse in a vacuum drying oven at 85°C for 5 hours, and then crushing the vinasse through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar;

[0069] Step S2: 5 g of vinasse biochar, 15 g of potassium permanganate, and 100 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and stirred at 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 min. The mixture was then heated to 55° C. and stirred for 5 h. After the reaction, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 85° C. for 4 h to obtain enhanced vinasse biochar.

[0070] Step S3: adding 5 g of a composite bacterial agent powder prepared by mixing 5 g of Bacillus subtilis powder, 5 g of Bacillus megaterium powder, and 5 g of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2 and 60 mL of deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and an air guide tube, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes, then adding 10 g of enhanced lees biochar and continuing to stir and react for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 35° C. for 5 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0071] Step S4: Weigh 60 parts of peat, 30 parts of corn bran, 14 parts of shell powder, 9 parts of attapulgite, 5.5 parts of urea, 2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 7.5 parts of supported composite bacterial agent, 0.6 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate and 55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0072] Step S5: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0073] Comparative Example 4:

[0074] This comparative example is a method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0075] Step S1: 1 g of corn straw powder and 25 mL of a 15% mass fraction nitric acid solution were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 100° C. and stirred for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate was washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 75° C. for 3 hours to obtain straw cellulose.

[0076] Step S2: 10 g of straw cellulose, 3.5 g of acrylic acid, 0.8 g of potassium hydroxide, 2 g of potassium persulfate, 0.9 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 110 mL of deionized water were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen was introduced for protection. The mixture was stirred at 25 ° C and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 30 minutes, and then the temperature was raised to 75 ° C and the stirring reaction was continued for 10 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction product was cooled to room temperature, and then the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. Then, the reaction product was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 65 ° C for 5 hours, and then crushed through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent;

[0077] Step S3: adding 5 g of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder, and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2 to a composite bacterial agent powder and 60 mL of deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, and an air guide tube, introducing nitrogen protection, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 25° C. and a stirring rate of 400 r / min for 3 hours, then adding 3.5 g of a cellulose coating agent and continuing to stir and react for 40 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 35° C. for 5 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g;

[0078] Step S4: Weigh 60 parts of peat, 30 parts of corn bran, 14 parts of shell powder, 9 parts of attapulgite, 5.5 parts of urea, 2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 7.5 parts of supported composite bacterial agent, 0.6 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate and 55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside;

[0079] Step S5: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer.

[0080] Performance testing:

[0081] In the same test area, 8 standard test fields were divided, each with an area of 1 mu. One of the standard test fields was used as a control group, and the remaining 7 standard test fields were used as test groups. The soil-improving microbial fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were respectively applied as base fertilizers to the standard test fields of the 7 test groups, with an application rate of 100 kg. 150 g of Chinese cabbage seeds (variety: early maturing No. 5) were evenly planted in the 8 standard test fields, and the seeds were weighed and tested after harvest.

[0082] The test results are shown in the following table:

[0083] sample Yield of control group, kg Yield increase rate (compared with the control group), % Example 1 4116 20.18 Example 2 4204 22.75 Example 3 4284 25.09 Comparative Example 1 3741 9.22 Comparative Example 2 3951 15.35 Comparative Example 3 4038 17.89 Comparative Example 4 4087 19.34 control group 3425

[0084] Referring to the data in the above table, based on the comparison between Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-4 and the control group, it can be seen that the soil-improving microbial fertilizer of the present application has an excellent effect of increasing production and volume.

[0085] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0086] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in similar ways. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined in this application, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Weigh 50-60 parts of peat, 20-30 parts of corn bran, 8-14 parts of shell powder, 5-9 parts of attapulgite, 2.5-5.5 parts of urea, 1.7-2.1 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6-1.2 parts of potassium chloride, 0.5-7.5 parts of loaded composite bacterial agent, 0.4-0.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.3 parts of zinc sulfate and 45-55 parts of water according to weight parts, and set aside; Step 2: adding peat, corn bran, shell powder, attapulgite, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, loaded composite bacterial agent, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and water into a mixer and mixing them evenly, and then granulating them in a granulator to obtain a soil-improving microbial fertilizer; The loaded composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following steps: The composite bacterial agent powder and deionized water are added to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, and nitrogen protection is introduced. The mixture is stirred at a temperature of 20-25°C and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min for 20-30 minutes. Then, the enhanced lees biochar is added and the stirring reaction is continued for 2-3 hours. Then, the cellulose coating agent is added and the stirring reaction is continued for 30-40 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 30-35°C for 3-5 hours to obtain a loaded composite bacterial agent. The enhanced vinasse biochar is prepared by the following steps: Step a1: placing the vinasse in a tubular furnace, pyrolyzing and carbonizing the vinasse at a temperature of 600-620°C under nitrogen protection for 3-4 hours, then cooling the vinasse with the furnace, washing the vinasse with distilled water 2-3 times, and then placing the vinasse in a vacuum drying oven, drying the vinasse at a temperature of 80-85°C for 3-5 hours, and then pulverizing the vinasse through an 80-100 mesh sieve to obtain vinasse biochar; Step a2: adding distiller's grains biochar, potassium permanganate and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min for 20-30 minutes, then heating to 50-55° C. and continuing to stir and react for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is washed with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water 2-3 times in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 80-85° C. for 3-4 hours to obtain enhanced distiller's grains biochar; The cellulose coating agent is prepared by the following steps: Step b1: adding corn straw powder and nitric acid solution to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 20-25° C. and a stirring rate of 300-400 r / min for 20-30 minutes, then heating to 90-100° C. and continuing to stir and react for 4-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature and then centrifuged. The precipitate is washed with anhydrous ethanol and distilled water 2-3 times in sequence, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at a temperature of 70-75° C. for 2-3 hours to obtain straw cellulose; Step b2: Add straw cellulose, acrylic acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium persulfate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and deionized water to a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air guide tube, introduce nitrogen protection, stir and react for 20-30 minutes at a temperature of 20-25°C and a stirring rate of 300-400r / min, then heat to 70-75°C and continue stirring and reacting for 8-10 hours. After the reaction is completed, the reaction product is cooled to room temperature, and then rotary evaporated to remove the solvent, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven, dried at a temperature of 60-65°C for 3-5 hours, and then crushed through a 40-50 mesh sieve to obtain a cellulose coating agent.

2. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the composite bacterial agent powder, deionized water, enhanced vinasse biochar and cellulose coating agent is 1-5g:50-60mL:10g:1.5-3.5g.

3. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent powder is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis powder, Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus mucilaginosus powder in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5:1-2.

4. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥20 billion CFU / g; The effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus megaterium powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g; The effective viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis powder is ≥10 billion CFU / g.

5. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the vinasse biochar, potassium permanganate and deionized water in step a2 is 5g:9-15g:100mL.

6. A method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the corn straw powder and nitric acid solution in step b1 is 1 g: 20-25 mL.

7. The method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The mass fraction of the nitric acid solution in step b1 is 10-15%.

8. The method for preparing a soil-improving microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The usage ratio of the straw cellulose, acrylic acid, potassium hydroxide, potassium persulfate, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and deionized water in step b2 is 10g:1.5-3.5g:0.4-0.8g:1-2g:0.5-0.9g:100-110mL.