Tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring. The tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device comprises a pipeline, a top plate is arranged at the center of the front end face of the pipeline, an integrated detection sensor is fixedly connected to the center of the front end face of the top plate, a wiring hole is formed in the front end face of the top plate at the upper end of the integrated detection sensor, and an energy supply structure is arranged at the rear position in the pipeline. A first partition plate is arranged at the rear position in the pipeline, and a first storage battery is arranged on the front end face of the first partition plate. The six limiting strips on the connecting structure are plugged into the punched hole, then the end, with the energy supply structure, of the equipment is plugged into the hole, the six limiting strips are extruded by the pipeline, the multiple limiting blocks are attached to the inner side wall of the hole, and therefore the friction force between the connecting structure and the hole is increased; and the pipeline and the baffle plate are in threaded connection for fixation, so that the equipment can be conveniently mounted in the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring device and method for geological disasters in tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel engineering is a building built underground or underwater or in a mountain to lay railways or build roads for motor vehicles to pass. According to their location, they can be divided into three categories: mountain tunnel engineering, underwater tunnel engineering and urban tunnel engineering. Mountain tunnel engineering is a tunnel that passes under mountains or hills to shorten the distance and avoid steep slopes. Underwater tunnel engineering is a tunnel that passes under a river or seabed to cross a river or strait. Urban tunnel engineering is a tunnel that passes underground in a city to meet the needs of railways passing through large cities. Among these three types of tunnel engineering, mountain tunnel engineering is the most built. Tunnel engineering geological disaster monitoring is an important part of ensuring safety during tunnel construction and operation. During the construction and operation of tunnels, tunnels are easily affected by various geological disasters, such as landslides, mudslides, ground subsidence, groundwater leakage, earthquakes, etc. These disasters may cause tunnel structure damage, casualties and property losses. Therefore, the tunnel engineering geological disaster monitoring system provides protection for tunnel safety through real-time monitoring, analysis and early warning.

[0003] After searching, a Chinese patent technology discloses an anchor-type tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method (publication number: CN115013061 B). Although this patent technology arranges the sensor component in a placement hole pre-opened in the tunnel in a similar way to an anchor rod, it realizes the intelligent monitoring of geological disasters in the tunnel, does not require various brackets and trolleys, and is easy to operate; at the same time, a sleeve is provided to protect the sensor component, but the device is installed when the tunnel project is under construction. Most of the current tunnels have been built. When installing, some grouting structures affect the installation, and the monitoring range is limited. Therefore, a technician in this field provides a tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring device and method for geological disasters in tunnel engineering, which solves the problem that most of the current tunnels have already been built, and some grouting structures affect the installation during installation, and the monitoring range is limited.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering, comprising a pipeline, a top plate is provided at the center of the front end face of the pipeline, an integrated detection sensor is fixedly connected to the center of the front end face of the top plate, a wiring hole is provided on the front end face of the top plate at the upper end of the integrated detection sensor, an energy supply structure is provided at the rear of the pipeline, a first partition is provided at the rear of the pipeline, a first battery is provided at the front end face of the first partition, a second battery is provided at the front end face of the first battery, a second partition is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipeline at the front end face of the second battery, an integrated chip board is provided on the front end face of the second partition, and a connection structure is threadedly sleeved at the front of the outer wall of the pipeline;

[0008] The energy supply structure includes a detection structure, a piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate is provided on the rear end face of the detection structure, and the detection structure also includes a substrate, six grooves are arranged in a circular shape on the outer wall of the substrate, and microbial sensors, enzyme biosensors, gene biosensors, stress gauge sensors, soil moisture sensors and displacement sensors are provided inside the six grooves.

[0009] Preferably, a slider is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the substrate, a spring is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider, the spring is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first partition, and a rectifier regulator is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end surface of the first partition inside the spring.

[0010] Preferably, the connection structure includes a baffle, which is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pipe, and the rear end face of the baffle is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, and the rear end face of the connecting seat is provided with six limit strips arranged in a circular shape, and the six limit strips are provided with multiple limit blocks arranged front and back near the rear end of the outer side wall.

[0011] Preferably, the integrated detection sensor includes an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor and a gas concentration sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the pipe is made of high-strength steel pipe.

[0013] A tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Position selection: select the center position of the tunnel inner wall, the two ends of the tunnel inner wall and the position of the top of the tunnel for drilling;

[0015] S2. Equipment installation: insert the six limit strips on the connection structure into the punched hole, and then insert the end of the equipment with the energy supply structure into the hole. The pipe squeezes the six limit strips so that multiple limit blocks fit on the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the friction between the connection structure and the hole. Then, the pipe and the baffle are fixed by threaded connection, which facilitates the installation of the equipment inside the hole.

[0016] S3. Intelligent monitoring, monitoring through microbial sensors, enzyme biosensors, gene biosensors, stress gauge sensors, soil moisture sensors and displacement sensors. Microbial sensors monitor microbial activity on the tunnel rock wall and identify changes in microbial communities, which indicate geological risks, soil erosion or groundwater changes. Enzyme biosensors and gene biosensors detect specific chemicals or microbial gene expression to identify potential chemical contamination or changes in biological activity. Stress gauge sensors monitor stress and strain changes in the tunnel surrounding rock and identify the stability of the surrounding rock. Soil moisture sensors monitor soil moisture changes and identify soil erosion and groundwater activity. Displacement sensors monitor displacement changes of small structures in the tunnel.

[0017] S4. Data processing: collect monitoring data from microbial sensors, enzyme biosensors, gene biosensors, stress gauge sensors, soil moisture sensors and displacement sensors through integrated chip boards, clean the collected data, remove noise data, abnormal data and duplicate data, use filtering algorithms to smooth the data, and then transmit it to the system background through wired and wireless transmission for staff to view. Based on the data analysis results, identify potential geological risks, soil erosion, groundwater changes, chemical pollution and surrounding rock stability, store the preprocessed and fused data in the database, and support historical data query and analysis;

[0018] S5. Power supply: The spring pushes the slider, the detection structure and the piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate to move into the hole. The piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate is squeezed to generate electricity, which is rectified and stabilized by a rectifier and voltage stabilizer and then transmitted to the first battery and the second battery for storage to power the monitoring system.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The present invention provides an intelligent monitoring device and method for geological disasters in tunnel engineering, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In the present invention, the six limit bars on the connecting structure are inserted into the punched holes, and then the end of the device with the energy supply structure is inserted into the hole. The six limit bars are squeezed by the pipeline, so that multiple limit blocks are attached to the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the friction between the connecting structure and the hole. The pipeline and the baffle are then fixed by threaded connection, which facilitates the installation of the device inside the hole.

[0022] 2. In the present invention, monitoring is carried out through microbial sensors, enzyme biosensors, gene biosensors, stress gauge sensors, soil moisture sensors and displacement sensors. Microbial sensors monitor microbial activities on the tunnel rock wall and identify changes in microbial communities, which indicate geological risks, soil erosion or groundwater changes. Enzyme biosensors and gene biosensors detect specific chemicals or microbial gene expressions to identify potential chemical pollution or changes in biological activity. Stress gauge sensors monitor stress and strain changes in the tunnel surrounding rock and identify the stability of the surrounding rock. Soil moisture sensors monitor soil moisture changes and identify soil erosion and groundwater activity. Displacement sensors monitor displacement changes of small structures in the tunnel.

[0023] 3. In the present invention, the slider, the detection structure and the piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate are pushed into the hole by the spring. The piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate is squeezed to generate electrical energy, which is rectified and stabilized by the rectifier and voltage stabilizer and then transmitted to the first battery and the second battery for storage, thereby supplying power to the monitoring system.

[0024] 4. In the present invention, all-round monitoring is achieved by installing the device inside the tunnel, at both ends and on the mountain above the tunnel, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of monitoring. In the event of a tunnel collapse or power outage due to a disaster, the first battery and the second battery can be used to supply electricity and continuously monitor geological activities, thereby improving the flexibility of equipment use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the connection structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a stereogram of the detection structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of the detection structure of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. pipeline; 2. energy supply structure; 201. rectifier regulator; 202. spring; 203. slider; 204. detection structure; 2041. substrate; 2042. groove; 2043. microbial sensor; 2044. enzyme biosensor; 2045. gene biosensor; 2046. stress gauge sensor; 2047. soil moisture sensor; 2048. displacement sensor; 205. piezoelectric ceramic power generation board; 3. connection structure; 301. baffle; 302. connection seat; 303. limit block; 304. limit strip; 4. wiring hole; 5. integrated detection sensor; 6. top plate; 7. first partition; 8. first battery; 9. second battery; 10. second partition; 11. integrated chip board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering, including a pipeline 1, a top plate 6 is provided at the center of the front end face of the pipeline 1, an integrated detection sensor 5 is fixedly connected at the center of the front end face of the top plate 6, the data in the air is detected by the integrated detection sensor 5, a wiring hole 4 is opened on the front end face of the top plate 6 at the upper end of the integrated detection sensor 5, the line is connected through the wiring hole 4, an energy supply structure 2 is provided at the rear of the pipeline 1, energy is supplied through the energy supply structure 2 to save electric energy, a first partition 7 is provided at the rear of the pipeline 1, a first battery 8 is provided on the front end face of the first partition 7, a second battery 9 is provided on the front end face of the first battery 8, electric energy is conveniently provided through the first battery 8 and the second battery 9, a second partition 10 is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipeline 1 at the front end face of the second battery 9, an integrated chip board 11 is provided on the front end face of the second partition 10, data is collected, processed and transmitted through the integrated chip board 11, a connection structure 3 is threadedly sleeved at the front of the outer wall of the pipeline 1, the hole and the pipeline 1 are connected through the connection structure 3, which is convenient for installation.

[0035] The energy supply structure 2 includes a detection structure 204, and a piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate 205 is provided on the rear end face of the detection structure 204. The detection structure 204 also includes a substrate 2041. Six grooves 2042 are arranged in a circular shape on the outer wall of the substrate 2041. Microbial sensors 2043, enzyme biosensors 2044, gene biosensors 2045, stress gauge sensors 2046, soil moisture sensors 2047 and displacement sensors 2048 are provided inside the six grooves 2042. The microbial sensor 2043 monitors the microbial activity on the tunnel rock wall and identifies changes in the microbial community, which indicate geological risks, soil erosion or groundwater changes. The enzyme biosensor 2044 and the gene biosensor 2045 detect specific chemicals or microbial gene expressions and identify potential chemical pollution or changes in biological activity. The stress gauge sensor 2046 monitors the stress and strain changes of the tunnel surrounding rock and identifies the stability of the surrounding rock. The soil moisture sensor 2047 monitors the soil moisture changes and identifies soil erosion and groundwater activities. The displacement sensor 2048 monitors the displacement changes of small structures in the tunnel.

[0036] A slider 203 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the substrate 2041, a spring 202 is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider 203, the spring 202 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first partition 7, a rectifier regulator 201 is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end face of the first partition 7 inside the spring 202, the piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate 205 is squeezed to generate electrical energy, which is rectified and stabilized by the rectifier regulator 201 and then transported to the first battery 8 and the second battery 9 for storage, so as to provide power for the monitoring system.

[0037] The connection structure 3 includes a baffle 301, which is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pipe 1. The rear end face of the baffle 301 is fixedly connected to a connection seat 302. The rear end face of the connection seat 302 is provided with six limit strips 304 arranged in a circle. The six limit strips 304 are arranged front and back near the rear end of the outer side wall. A plurality of limit blocks 303 are arranged front and back. By inserting the six limit strips 304 on the connection structure 3 into the punched holes, and then inserting one end of the equipment with the energy supply structure 2 into the hole, the pipe 1 squeezes the six limit strips 304, so that the plurality of limit blocks 303 fit on the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the friction between the connection structure 3 and the hole, and then fixing them by threaded connection between the pipe 1 and the baffle 301, it is convenient to install the equipment inside the hole.

[0038] The integrated detection sensor 5 includes an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor and a gas concentration sensor, which are convenient for monitoring the temperature, humidity and gas concentration in the air, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of monitoring.

[0039] The material of the pipeline 1 is a high-strength steel pipe, which improves the strength and hardness of the pipeline 1 and is convenient for protecting the internal equipment for a long time.

[0040] A tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Position selection: select the center position of the tunnel inner wall, the two ends of the tunnel inner wall and the position of the top of the tunnel for drilling;

[0042] S2. Equipment installation: insert the six limit strips 304 on the connection structure 3 into the punched hole, and then insert the end of the equipment with the energy supply structure 2 into the hole. The pipe 1 squeezes the six limit strips 304, so that the multiple limit blocks 303 fit on the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the friction between the connection structure 3 and the hole. Then, the pipe 1 and the baffle 301 are screwed together to fix them, so that the equipment can be easily installed in the hole.

[0043] S3. Intelligent monitoring, monitoring is carried out through microbial sensors 2043, enzyme biosensors 2044, gene biosensors 2045, stress gauge sensors 2046, soil moisture sensors 2047 and displacement sensors 2048. Microbial sensors 2043 monitor microbial activities on the tunnel rock wall and identify changes in microbial communities, which indicate geological risks, soil erosion or groundwater changes. Enzyme biosensors 2044 and gene biosensors 2045 detect specific chemicals or microbial gene expressions to identify potential chemical pollution or changes in biological activities. Stress gauge sensors 2046 monitor stress and strain changes in the tunnel surrounding rock and identify the stability of the surrounding rock. Soil moisture sensors 2047 monitor soil moisture changes to identify soil erosion and groundwater activities. Displacement sensors 2048 monitor displacement changes of small structures in the tunnel.

[0044] S4. Data processing: collect monitoring data from microbial sensor 2043, enzyme biosensor 2044, gene biosensor 2045, stress gauge sensor 2046, soil moisture sensor 2047 and displacement sensor 2048 through integrated chip board 11, clean the collected data, remove noise data, abnormal data and duplicate data, use filtering algorithm to smooth the data, and then transmit it to the system background through wired and wireless transmission for staff to watch. According to the data analysis results, identify potential geological risks, soil erosion, groundwater changes, chemical pollution and surrounding rock stability, store the pre-processed and fused data in the database, and support historical data query and analysis;

[0045] S5. Power supply: The spring 202 pushes the slider 203, the detection structure 204 and the piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate 205 to move into the hole. The piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate 205 is squeezed to generate electrical energy, which is rectified and stabilized by the rectifier and voltage regulator 201 and then transmitted to the first battery 8 and the second battery 9 for storage to power the monitoring system.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering, comprising a pipeline (1), characterized in that: A top plate (6) is provided at the center of the front end face of the pipeline (1), an integrated detection sensor (5) is fixedly connected at the center of the front end face of the top plate (6), a wiring hole (4) is provided on the front end face of the top plate (6) at the upper end of the integrated detection sensor (5), an energy supply structure (2) is provided at the rear of the pipeline (1), a first partition (7) is provided at the rear of the pipeline (1), a first storage battery (8) is provided at the front end face of the first partition (7), a second storage battery (9) is provided at the front end face of the first storage battery (8), a second partition (10) is fixedly connected to the interior of the pipeline (1) at the front end face of the second storage battery (9), an integrated chip board (11) is provided on the front end face of the second partition (10), and a connection structure (3) is threadedly sleeved at the front of the outer wall of the pipeline (1); The energy supply structure (2) comprises a detection structure (204), the rear end face of the detection structure (204) being provided with a piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate (205), and the detection structure (204) further comprising a substrate (2041), the outer wall of the substrate (2041) being provided with six grooves (2042) arranged in a circular pattern, and the six grooves (2042) being provided with microbial sensors (2043), enzyme biosensors (2044), gene biosensors (2045), stress gauge sensors (2046), soil moisture sensors (2047) and displacement sensors (2048).

2. The intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end surface of the substrate (2041) is fixedly connected to a slider (203), the front end of the slider (203) is fixedly connected to a spring (202), the spring (202) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first partition (7), and a rectifier regulator (201) is fixedly connected to the center of the rear end surface of the first partition (7) inside the spring (202).

3. The intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure (3) comprises a baffle (301), the baffle (301) being threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pipe (1), the rear end face of the baffle (301) being fixedly connected to a connection seat (302), the rear end face of the connection seat (302) being provided with six limit strips (304) arranged in a circular shape, and the six limit strips (304) being provided with a plurality of limit blocks (303) arranged front and rear near the rear end of the outer side wall.

4. The intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated detection sensor (5) comprises an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor and a gas concentration sensor.

5. The intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the pipeline (1) is a high-strength steel pipe.

6. A method for intelligent monitoring of geological disasters in tunnel engineering, using an intelligent monitoring device for geological disasters in tunnel engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Position selection: select the center position of the inner wall of the tunnel, the two ends of the inner wall of the tunnel and the position of the top of the tunnel for drilling; S2. The device is installed by inserting the six limit strips (304) on the connection structure (3) into the punched hole, and then inserting one end of the device with the energy supply structure (2) into the hole. The pipeline (1) squeezes the six limit strips (304) so ​​that the plurality of limit blocks (303) fit on the inner wall of the hole, thereby increasing the friction between the connection structure (3) and the hole. The pipeline (1) and the baffle (301) are then threadedly connected to fix the device, so that the device can be easily installed in the hole. S3. Intelligent monitoring, monitoring is carried out through microbial sensors (2043), enzyme biosensors (2044), gene biosensors (2045), stress gauge sensors (2046), soil moisture sensors (2047) and displacement sensors (2048). Microbial sensors (2043) monitor microbial activities on the tunnel rock wall and identify changes in microbial communities, which indicate geological risks, soil erosion or groundwater changes. Enzyme biosensors (2044) and gene biosensors (2045) detect specific chemicals or microbial gene expressions to identify potential chemical pollution or changes in biological activity. Stress gauge sensors (2046) monitor stress and strain changes in the tunnel surrounding rock and identify the stability of the surrounding rock. Soil moisture sensors (2047) monitor soil moisture changes and identify soil erosion and groundwater activities. Displacement sensors (2048) monitor displacement changes of small structures in the tunnel. S4. Data processing: collecting monitoring data from microbial sensors (2043), enzyme biosensors (2044), gene biosensors (2045), stress gauge sensors (2046), soil moisture sensors (2047) and displacement sensors (2048) through an integrated chip board (11); cleaning the collected data to remove noise data, abnormal data and duplicate data; using a filtering algorithm to smooth the data; and then transmitting the data to the system background through wired and wireless transmission for staff to view. Based on the data analysis results, potential geological risks, soil erosion, groundwater changes, chemical pollution and surrounding rock stability are identified; the preprocessed and fused data are stored in a database to support historical data query and analysis; S5. Power supply: The spring (202) pushes the slider (203), the detection structure (204) and the piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate (205) to move into the hole. The piezoelectric ceramic power generation plate (205) is squeezed to generate electrical energy, which is rectified and stabilized by the rectifier and voltage regulator (201) and then transmitted to the first battery (8) and the second battery (9) for storage, thereby supplying power to the monitoring system.

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