Artillery ignition system based on primer-free cannonball

Abstract

The invention discloses an artillery ignition system based on a primer-free shell. The artillery ignition system comprises an ignition part, an emission part and a control part, wherein the ignition part comprises a first cannonball ignition part, a gas cylinder and an ignition tube; and the gas cylinder is communicated with the emission part through an ignition tube. Compared with the prior art, shell ignition during continuous shooting is achieved through high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas generated by gunpowder gas, so that shell primer can be removed, resource consumption is reduced, the artillery structure is simplified, and the shooting reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of weapon development, and in particular relates to a cannon ignition system based on a bottomless fire cannon shell. Background Art

[0002] At present, most artillery projectiles use primer technology, and each shell must be equipped with a primer. For fixed-load shells, the projectile and the cartridge are integrated, and the primer is set at the bottom of the cartridge; for split-load shells, the projectile and the cartridge are separated, and the primer is also set at the bottom of the cartridge; for package-filled shells and the latest modular charge shells, the cartridge is removed, and the primer needs to be set in the breech. Setting a primer for each shell increases resource consumption on the one hand, especially for automatic guns with thousands of shells; on the other hand, setting a firing device in the breech makes the structure of the artillery more complicated; in addition, it reduces the reliability of the shells because the primer may fail.

[0003] When a cannon is fired, the chemical energy of the gunpowder is first converted into the internal energy of the gunpowder gas, and then into the kinetic energy of the projectile. The energy utilization rate is only about 30%. A large amount of gunpowder gas flows out from the barrel mouth into the air after the projectile is fired, resulting in a large waste of energy. In order to make full use of the energy of gunpowder gas, the current applications mainly include the following: using the recoil kinetic energy of the barrel or breech block to achieve continuous shooting, that is, a recoil-type automatic machine; opening a hole in the barrel mouth to guide the gunpowder gas to drive the piston movement to achieve continuous shooting of the cannon, that is, a gas-guided automatic machine; setting a muzzle device at the muzzle, and using the gunpowder gas and the muzzle device to achieve the effect of recoil or boost. The present invention is a new way to utilize the energy of gunpowder gas. Since gunpowder gas is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, it can be used to realize the ignition of the shells during continuous shooting, thereby removing the primer of the shells, saving resource consumption, simplifying the structure of the cannon, and improving the shooting reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cannon ignition system based on primerless artillery shells. During the artillery firing process, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of gunpowder is used to realize the ignition of the artillery shells during continuous shooting, thereby achieving the purpose of not setting a primer for the artillery shells, saving resource consumption, simplifying the artillery structure, and improving the shooting reliability.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a cannon ignition system based on a primerless artillery shell, comprising an ignition unit, a launch unit and a control unit; the ignition unit is used to ignite the propellant, the launch unit is used to throw the projectile at high speed, and the control unit is used to control the cannon ignition system as a whole;

[0006] The ignition section includes a first-shot shell ignition section, a gas cylinder and an ignition tube; the gas cylinder is connected to the launching section through the ignition tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the ignition section of the first shell includes an automatic primer loader and a firing device; the gas cylinder is used to provide ignition for continuous shooting; the automatic primer loader in the ignition section of the first shell is connected to the ignition tube through a primer tube, and a primer valve is provided on the primer tube to control the opening and closing of the primer tube.

[0008] Furthermore, an ignition valve is arranged at the position where the ignition tube outlets the combustion cylinder, so as to control the opening and closing of the ignition tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure-resistant valve is provided at the exit of the ignition tube from the gun tube, which is closed after ignition to prevent gas from entering the ignition tube and the fuel cylinder under high pressure. The pressure-resistant valve itself can withstand the higher gas pressure during the shooting process.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas cylinder has a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell inside and a heat-insulating layer outside; the gas cylinder is connected to the chamber cavity of the barrel through the ignition tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the cylinder wall of the gas cylinder is provided with an ignition tube installation hole and a gas pressure and temperature gauge installation hole, which are used to install the ignition tube and the gas pressure and temperature gauge respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the launching part comprises: a projectile, a barrel, a modular charge, a breech block, and a breech block; the inner bore of the barrel is composed of a chamber cavity, a sloped bore portion, and a rifling portion from the back to the front, and the projectile moves forward from the sloped bore; the rear portion of the barrel cooperates with the breech block to achieve sealing of the barrel, and the breech block moves in the breech block.

[0013] Furthermore, the control unit includes a pressure and temperature gauge, a controller, a power supply and cables; a pressure and temperature gauge is arranged on the gas cylinder to measure the air pressure and temperature inside the gas cylinder; the ignition valve, the primer valve, the pressure-resistant valve and the pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller via cables, and the power supply is used to power the entire system.

[0014] Furthermore, the cartridge comprises a cartridge wall and a cartridge bottom, no primer is arranged on the cartridge bottom, and fire transfer holes are arranged circumferentially on the cartridge wall.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a cannon ignition system based on primerless artillery shells, which realizes the primerless design of the artillery shells, realizes the ignition of the artillery shells during continuous shooting through the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the gunpowder gas, and can also realize the ignition of the first-shot artillery shells through the first-shot artillery shell ignition mechanism, thereby saving resource consumption, simplifying the artillery structure, and improving shooting reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a cannon ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a cannon ignition system based on a baseless artillery shell;

[0018] Figure 3It is a new cartridge structure.

[0019] 1-1—first shell ignition unit; 1-1-1—automatic primer loader; 1-1-2—firing device; 1-2—gas cylinder; 1-2-1—pressure-resistant shell; 1-2-2—insulation layer; 1-3—ignition tube; 1-3-1—ignition valve; 1-3-2—pressure-resistant valve; 1-4—primer tube; 1-4-1—primer valve; 2-1—projectile; 2-2—barrel; 2-2-1—chamber cavity; 2-2-2—slope bore; 2-2-3—rifling; 2-3—module charge; 2-4—breech; 2-5—breech; 3-1—barrel temperature gauge; 3-2—controller; 3-3—power supply; 3-4—cable; 4—cartridge; 4-1—cartridge wall; 4-1-1—fire transfer hole; 4-2—cartridge bottom. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The artillery ignition system based on the bottomless artillery shell disclosed in this embodiment is applied to the firing of artillery shells with modular charges.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the artillery ignition system includes an ignition unit, a launching unit and a control unit;

[0024] The ignition section includes a first-launch shell ignition section 1-1, a gas cylinder 1-2 and an ignition tube 1-3; wherein, the first-launch shell ignition section 1-1 includes an automatic primer loader 1-1-1 and a firing device 1-1-2; the gas cylinder 1-2 is used to provide ignition for achieving continuous shooting; the automatic primer loader 1-1-1 in the first-launch shell ignition section 1-1 is connected to the ignition tube 1-3 through the primer tube 1-4, and a primer valve 1-4-1 is provided on the primer tube 1-4 to control the opening and closing of the primer tube 1-4.

[0025] An ignition valve 1-3-1 is provided at the position where the ignition tube 1-3 exits the gas cylinder 1-2, and is used to control the opening and closing of the ignition tube 1-3. A pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 is provided at the position where the ignition tube 1-3 exits the gun tube, and is closed after ignition to prevent gas from entering the ignition tube 1-3 and the gas cylinder 1-2 under high pressure. The pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 itself can withstand the higher air pressure during the shooting process.

[0026] The gas cylinder 1-2 is fixedly mounted on the breech block of the launcher and is a hollow cylindrical structure. The cylinder wall is provided with an ignition tube 1-3 mounting hole and an air pressure temperature gauge mounting hole, which are used to mount the ignition tube 1-3 and the air pressure temperature gauge 3-1 respectively. The air pressure temperature gauge 3-1 is used to measure the air pressure and temperature in the gas cylinder 1-2.

[0027] The fuel gas cylinder 1-2 is a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell 1-2-1 inside and a heat-insulating layer 1-2-2 outside. The fuel gas cylinder 1-2 is connected to the chamber cavity of the barrel through the ignition tube 1-3.

[0028] The launching part includes: a projectile 2-1, a barrel 2-2, a modular charge 2-3, a breech block 2-4, and a breech block 2-5; the inner bore of the barrel 2-2 is composed of a chamber cavity 2-2-1, a sloped bore portion 2-2-2, and a rifling portion 2-2-3 from the back to the front, and the projectile 2-1 moves forward from the sloped bore portion; the rear portion of the barrel cooperates with the breech block 2-4 to achieve sealing of the barrel 2-2, and the breech block 2-4 moves in the breech block 2-5.

[0029] The control unit includes a pressure and temperature gauge 3-1, a controller 3-2, a power supply 3-3 and a cable 3-4; a pressure and temperature gauge is arranged on the gas cylinder 1-2 to measure the gas pressure and temperature inside the gas cylinder 1-2; the ignition valve 1-3-1, the primer valve 1-4-1, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller through cables, and the power supply is used to power the entire system.

[0030] The working principle of a gun ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell disclosed in the present invention is as follows:

[0031] When shooting, turn on the controller switch, load the first round of shells (including projectile 2-1 and modular charge 2-3) and close the latch (latch body 2-4 seals the tail of barrel 2-2), the barometric temperature gauge detects that there is no gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 or the gas pressure and temperature are insufficient, the controller closes the ignition valve 1-3-1, opens the primer valve 1-4-1 and the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2, after firing, the firing device 1-1-2 fires the primer on the automatic primer loader 1-1-1, the flame enters the chamber through the primer tube 1-4 and the ignition tube 1-3, ignites the propellant (module charge 2-3), this process is similar to the traditional primer firing, after firing, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the primer valve 1-4-1 are immediately closed; the module charge 2-3 burns to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which expands behind the projectile 2-1 in the barrel 2-2, pushing the projectile forward, after the projectile leaves the chamber, the controller opens the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve 1-4-1 Valve 1-3-1, the gunpowder gas in the inner chamber of the barrel 2-2 enters the gas cylinder 1-2 through the ignition tube 1-3, and when the gas pressure reaches a certain value (usually greater than the ignition pressure and less than the starting pressure, such as the ignition pressure of a certain type of shell is 3MPa, the starting pressure is 30MPa, and the value can be set to 20-25MPa), the ignition valve 1-3-1 is closed; when the next shell is loaded, the barometric temperature gauge detects that the gas pressure and temperature of the gas cylinder 1-2 meet the requirements (such as the pressure is greater than 10MPa, and the temperature is greater than 400℃), the controller opens the ignition valve 1-3-1, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 enters the chamber to ignite the propellant, and then closes the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve 1-3-1; after the second shell is fired, the pressure-resistant valve 1-3-2 and the ignition valve 1-3-1 are opened again to fill the gas cylinder 1-2 with gas, and this is repeated to ensure that each shell can be reliably ignited during continuous shooting.

[0032] Even if the gun does not fire continuously, if the interval between two gun firings is not long, and the gas pressure and temperature in the gas cylinder 1-2 detected by the pressure and temperature gauge meet the ignition requirements, the gas cylinder 1-2 can be used for ignition. When the gun determines that it will not fire anymore, the controller opens the ignition valve 1-3-1, and the gas in the gas cylinder 1-2 is discharged through the muzzle through the inner bore of the barrel 2-2.

[0033] Generally, the maximum chamber pressure during artillery firing is 250-350MPa, and the chamber pressure when the projectile is discharged is also 80-100MPa, which far exceeds the requirement of charging the fuel cylinder 1-2 with 20-25MPa. The temperature of the gunpowder gas can reach 3000℃ during artillery firing, so it can also ensure that the temperature of the fuel gas in the fuel cylinder 1-2 is higher than the ignition point of the propellant (generally around 300℃).

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The ignition system disclosed in the present invention can also be applied to cartridge-fixed artillery shells and cartridge-separated artillery shells. The artillery ignition system includes an ignition unit, a launching unit and a control unit.

[0036] The launching part includes: a projectile 2-1, a barrel 2-2, a breech block 2-4, a breech block 2-5 and a cartridge 4 (containing propellant); the inner bore of the barrel 2-2 is composed of a chamber cavity 2-2-1, a sloped bore portion 2-2-2 and a rifling portion 2-2-3 from back to front, the projectile 2-2 abuts against the sloped bore portion 2-2-2 and moves forward from the sloped bore portion 2-2-2; the tail of the barrel 2-2 cooperates with the breech block 2-4 to achieve sealing of the barrel 2-2, and the breech block 2-4 moves in the breech block 2-5.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the cartridge 4 comprises a cartridge wall 4-1 and a cartridge bottom 4-2, and no primer is arranged on the cartridge bottom 4-2.

[0038] The cartridge wall 4-1 is provided with a fire transmission hole 4-1-1 in the circumference, and the fire transmission hole 4-1-1 is filled with combustible material;

[0039] The technical solution of the remaining parts in the ignition system is the same as the technical solution in Implementation 1.

[0040] The working principle is: during ignition, the flame enters the chamber through the ignition tube 1-3, ignites the combustible material in the fire transfer hole, and then enters the cartridge to ignite the propellant.

[0041] This invention utilizes gunpowder gas to realize ignition for continuous shooting, which can realize the primer-free design of artillery shells. It is an important innovation in the artillery ignition device. Considering the ignition of the first round of artillery shells, the mature automatic primer loader 1-1-1 and firing device 1-1-2 scheme is adopted.

[0042] In the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A cannon ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell, characterized in that: It includes an ignition unit, a launching unit and a control unit; the ignition unit is used to ignite the propellant, the launching unit is used to throw the projectile at high speed, and the control unit is used to control the gun ignition system as a whole; The ignition unit comprises a first-launch shell ignition unit (1-1), a fuel cylinder (1-2) and an ignition tube (1-3); the fuel cylinder (1-2) is connected to the launch unit via the ignition tube (1-3).

2. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-shot shell ignition unit (1-1) comprises an automatic primer loader (1-1-1) and a firing device (1-1-2); the fuel gas cylinder (1-2) is used to provide ignition for achieving continuous shooting; the automatic primer loader (1-1-1) in the first-shot shell ignition unit is connected to an ignition tube (1-3) via a primer tube (1-4); a primer valve (1-4-1) is provided on the primer tube (1-4) to control the opening and closing of the primer tube (1-4).

3. The artillery ignition system based on bottomless artillery shells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An ignition valve (1-3-1) is arranged at the position where the ignition tube (1-3) exits the combustion cylinder (1-2) and is used to control the opening and closing of the ignition tube (1-3).

4. The artillery ignition system based on bottomless artillery shells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) is arranged at the exit of the ignition tube (1-3) and is closed after ignition to prevent gas from entering the ignition tube (1-3) and the fuel cylinder (1-2) in a high-pressure state. The pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) itself can withstand the relatively high gas pressure during the shooting process.

5. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel gas cylinder (1-2) is a double-layer structure, with a pressure-resistant shell (1-2-1) inside and a heat-insulating layer (1-2-2) outside; the fuel gas cylinder (1-2) is connected to the chamber cavity of the barrel through an ignition tube (1-3).

6. The artillery ignition system based on bottomless artillery shells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylinder wall of the gas cylinder is provided with an ignition tube (1-3) mounting hole and a gas pressure and temperature gauge mounting hole, which are used to mount the ignition tube (1-3) and the gas pressure and temperature gauge (3-1) respectively.

7. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The firing part (2) comprises: a projectile (2-1), a barrel (2-2), a modular charge (2-3), a breech block (2-4), and a breech block (2-5); the inner bore of the barrel (2-2) is composed of a chamber cavity (2-2-1), a ramp bore portion (2-2-2), and a rifling portion (2-2-3) from the back to the front, and the projectile (2-1) moves forward from the ramp bore; the barrel tail portion cooperates with the breech block (2-4) to achieve sealing of the barrel (2-2), and the breech block (2-4) moves in the breech block (2-5).

8. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit comprises a pressure and temperature gauge (3-1), a controller (3-2), a power supply (3-3) and a cable (3-4); a pressure and temperature gauge is arranged on the gas cylinder (1-2) to measure the gas pressure and temperature in the gas cylinder (1-2); an ignition valve (1-3-1), a primer valve (1-4-1), a pressure-resistant valve (1-3-2) and a pressure and temperature gauge are connected to the controller via a cable, and the power supply is used to supply power to the entire system.

9. The artillery ignition system based on a bottomless artillery shell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cartridge (4) comprises a cartridge wall (4-1) and a cartridge bottom (4-2). No primer is arranged on the cartridge bottom (4-2), and a fire transmission hole (4-1-1) is arranged in the circumferential direction of the cartridge wall.

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