Method for testing dynamic characteristics of femtosecond laser modified surface of zirconium alloy

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface dynamic characteristic test experimental device and method, the device can provide simulation test material in nuclear reactor fuel assembly system The real environment where it is located, at least two temperature detection equipment temperature values are obtained in preset period, timing is through the bubble nucleation image of the surface of test material that visual window is shot and the weight value of the test material is recorded, determine the heat transfer coefficient of test material, nucleation quantity and weight change, to determine the dynamic characteristic of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface including dynamic heat transfer characteristic and fouling deposition characteristic, subsequent iteration optimization of laser modification process is facilitated, the real effect after long-term use of modified surface is evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dynamic characteristics testing, and in particular to an experimental device and method for dynamic characteristics testing of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface. Background Art

[0002] In nuclear reactor fuel assembly systems, zirconium alloys with good radiation resistance are often used for the cladding of nuclear fuel elements. In order to improve the local heat transfer capacity of the nuclear reactor core, the heat transfer effect of zirconium alloys has been paid much attention. Femtosecond laser modification technology can produce microstructures on the metal surface. Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrates the microstructure of a zirconium alloy surface modified by femtosecond laser. This microstructure not only increases the contact area, but also serves as cavities for bubble formation, thereby enhancing heat transfer.

[0003] However, in actual use, the microstructures formed by femtosecond lasers are easily deposited by ions or impurities in the solution, causing the microstructures to gradually become infilled and ineffective. During this dynamic process, the heat transfer properties of the femtosecond laser-modified surface also change. Therefore, measuring the dynamic characteristics of heat transfer and fouling on zirconium alloy femtosecond laser-modified surfaces is crucial. Therefore, determining the dynamic characteristics of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser-modified surfaces has become a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides an experimental device for testing the dynamic characteristics of the surface of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified. The device can provide a real environment in which the test material is simulated in a nuclear reactor fuel assembly system. By regularly obtaining the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices within a preset period, regularly photographing the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material through the visual window, and recording the weight value of the test material, the heat transfer coefficient, nucleation number and weight change of the test material are determined, and then the dynamic characteristics of the surface of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface including dynamic heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics are determined, which is convenient for the subsequent iterative optimization of the laser modification process and the evaluation of the real effect of the modified surface after long-term use.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a dynamic characteristics test experimental device for a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface is provided, comprising: a housing, a support frame, a heating assembly, and a gland, wherein the support frame, the heating assembly, and the gland are located inside the housing;

[0006] The heating assembly comprises a heating core and a heating component, the heating component is arranged inside the heating core, an upper end of the heating core is provided with a test material, the test material is attached to the upper end of the heating core through the gland; at least two temperature detection devices are arranged inside the heating core and between the heating component and the test material according to the heat transfer direction of the heating component; the heating core is connected to the shell through the support frame and the shell.

[0007] A visual window is arranged on the shell, and a visual range of the visual window comprises the test material.

[0008] In some embodiments, the heating core comprises a first part and a second part connected to the first part, the heating component is arranged inside the first part; the test material is arranged at an upper end of the second part, the test material is attached to the upper end of the second part through the gland; the at least two temperature detection devices are arranged inside the second part according to the heat transfer direction of the heating component, and the second part is connected to the inner wall of the shell through the support frame.

[0009] In some embodiments, an upper part of the shell is provided with a detachable top cover.

[0010] In some embodiments, the device further comprises an auxiliary heating coil, the auxiliary heating coil is arranged on the support frame and surrounds the test material.

[0011] In some embodiments, the device further comprises an auxiliary heating rod, the auxiliary heating rod is arranged on the support frame.

[0012] In some embodiments, the number of the auxiliary heating rods is two, and the two auxiliary heating rods are centrally symmetric about the center of the test material.

[0013] In some embodiments, silicon grease or liquid metal is arranged between the test material and the upper end of the heating core.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a dynamic characteristic test experiment method of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface is provided, the device is applied, an ionic solution is injected into the shell, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] The heating of the heating component is controlled to make the surface solution of the test material start to boil, and the current heating power of the heating component is recorded;

[0016] The heating power of the heating component is controlled to maintain at the current heating power, the temperature values of the at least two temperature detection devices are recorded at a preset period, the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material is shot through the visual window at a preset period, and the weight value of the test material is recorded.

[0017] determining a heat transfer coefficient based on the temperature value;

[0018] determining the number of bubble nucleations per unit area according to the bubble nucleation image;

[0019] Determining a weight change of the test material based on weight values ​​recorded during adjacent preset cycles;

[0020] The dynamic characteristics of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface are determined based on the heat transfer coefficient, the nucleation quantity and the weight change in multiple preset cycles.

[0021] In some embodiments, the number of the temperature detection devices is three, and the three temperature detection devices arranged according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element are respectively a first temperature detection device, a second temperature detection device, and a third temperature detection device; the step of determining the heat transfer coefficient according to the temperature value includes:

[0022] determining a first heat flux density using a temperature value of the first temperature detecting device, a temperature value of the second temperature detecting device, a distance between the first temperature detecting device and the second temperature detecting device, and a thermal conductivity of the heating core;

[0023] determining a second heat flux density using a temperature value of the second temperature detecting device, a temperature value of the third temperature detecting device, a distance between the second temperature detecting device and the third temperature detecting device, and a thermal conductivity of the heating core;

[0024] determining a heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density;

[0025] determining the temperature of the test material based on the heat flux density, the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, the distance between the third temperature detection device and the test material, and the thermal conductivity of the heating core;

[0026] The heat transfer coefficient is determined based on the thermal conductivity of the heating core, the temperature of the test material, and the boiling point of the solution.

[0027] In some embodiments, the step of determining the heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density comprises:

[0028] An average value is obtained for the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density, and the average value is used as the heat flux density.

[0029] By means of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application provides an experimental device and method for testing the dynamic characteristics of the surface of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified. The device can provide a real environment in which the simulated test material is located in the nuclear reactor fuel assembly system. By regularly obtaining the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices within a preset period, regularly photographing the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material through the visual window, and recording the weight value of the test material, the heat transfer coefficient, nucleation number and weight change of the test material are determined, and then the dynamic characteristics of the surface of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface including dynamic heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics are determined, which is convenient for the subsequent iterative optimization of the laser modification process and the evaluation of the real effect of the modified surface after long-term use.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the microstructure of a zirconium alloy surface modified by femtosecond laser is shown as an example;

[0033] Figure 2 A front view of an experimental device for testing dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplarily shown;

[0034] Figure 3 A side view of an experimental device for testing dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplarily shown;

[0035] Figure 4 illustratively shows the Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section;

[0036] Figure 5 illustratively shows the Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle BB section;

[0037] Figure 6 A flowchart of an experimental method for testing dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplified;

[0038] Figure 7Schematic diagram of a dynamic characteristic curve of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplified;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the device structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0041] In nuclear reactor fuel assembly systems, zirconium alloys with good radiation resistance are often used for the cladding of nuclear fuel elements. In order to improve the local heat transfer capacity of the nuclear reactor core, the heat transfer effect of zirconium alloys has been paid much attention. Femtosecond laser modification technology can produce microstructures on the metal surface. Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrates the microstructure of a zirconium alloy surface modified by femtosecond laser treatment. The microstructure typically has geometric dimensions ranging from 20 to 100 μm. This microstructure not only increases contact area but also serves as cavities for bubble formation, thereby enhancing heat transfer.

[0042] However, in actual use, the microstructures formed by femtosecond lasers are easily deposited by ions or impurities in the solution, causing the microstructures to gradually become infilled and ineffective. During this dynamic process, the heat transfer properties of the femtosecond laser-modified surface also change. Therefore, measuring the dynamic characteristics of heat transfer and fouling on zirconium alloy femtosecond laser-modified surfaces is crucial. Therefore, determining the dynamic characteristics of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser-modified surfaces has become a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art.

[0043] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an experimental device for testing the dynamic characteristics of the surface of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified. The device can provide a real environment in which a simulated test material is located in a nuclear reactor fuel assembly system. By regularly obtaining the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices within a preset period, regularly photographing the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material through the visual window, and recording the weight value of the test material, the heat transfer coefficient, nucleation number and weight change of the test material are determined, and then the dynamic characteristics of the surface of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface including dynamic heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics are determined, which is convenient for subsequent iterative optimization of the laser modification process and evaluation of the real effect of the modified surface after long-term use.

[0044] The present invention provides an experimental device for testing the dynamic characteristics of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface. Figure 2A front view of an experimental device for testing the dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplarily shown. Figure 3 A side view of an experimental device for testing the dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments is exemplarily shown. Figure 4 illustratively shows the Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA section.

[0045] The device comprises: a housing 1, a support frame 2, a heating assembly 3 and a pressure cover 4, wherein the support frame 2, the heating assembly 3 and the pressure cover 4 are located inside the housing 1. For example, the housing 1 can be made of stainless steel.

[0046] The heating assembly 3 includes a heating core 31 and a heating element 32. The heating core can be made of a material with high thermal conductivity, for example copper. The heating element 32 can be an electric heating rod. The heating element is disposed within the heating core. A test material is disposed at the upper end of the heating core and adhered to the upper end of the heating core via a gland. The test material is a zirconium alloy modified by femtosecond laser.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, before the experiment, an ion solution is injected into the shell. An exemplary ion solution can be a solution containing Fe ions or Ni ions. Then the heating element is energized. After energization, the heating element starts to heat and transfers heat to the surface of the test material through the heating core. Then, the temperature of the solution in contact with the surface of the test material will gradually increase. Finally, the solution will reach a boiling state due to surface heating, and the dynamic characteristics test of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface is carried out in the boiling state.

[0048] At least two temperature detection devices are provided in the heating core and between the heating element and the test material according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element. The temperature detection devices may be thermocouples.

[0049] The dynamic properties tested in the embodiments of the present application include dynamic heat transfer properties. Specifically, the heat transfer coefficient of the test material can be determined using temperature data from a temperature detection device, and the dynamic heat transfer properties can be characterized using a heat transfer system. During the experiment, the heating element begins heating after being connected to a power source and conducts heat to the surface of the test material through the heating core. Therefore, the heat transfer direction of the heating element in the embodiments of the present application includes the direction in which the heating element transfers heat to the test material.

[0050] In some embodiments, the heating core 31 includes a first component 311 and a second component 312 connected to the first component 311. In some embodiments, the first component 311 and the second component 312 are integrally formed.

[0051] The heating element 32 is disposed within the first component 311. In some embodiments, a hole is provided within the first component 311, and the heating element 32 is disposed within the hole. Specifically, the conductive portion 321 of the heating element 32 is located outside the hole, while the remaining portion is located within the hole and in contact with the inner wall of the hole.

[0052] The test material is arranged on the upper end of the second component, and the test material is attached to the upper end of the second component through the gland. The second component 312 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through a support frame 2, and the support frame 2 plays a supporting and fixing role.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 5 illustratively shows the Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section BB in the middle. The gland can be an annular structure comprising an inner circle and an outer circle. The inner circle contacts the edge of the test material, securing the test material to the upper end of the second component via the gland. In one example, the test material is circular in shape, and the diameter of the inner circle can be the same as the diameter of the test material, though the inner circle can be smaller. In this case, the edge of the test material is covered by the gland. It should be noted that a portion of the test material must remain uncovered by the gland. This is because prior to the experiment, the housing 1 is filled with an ionic solution, which comes into contact with the heated test material during the experiment to obtain the dynamic properties of the test material. Therefore, the test material must be at least partially exposed to the solution. The outer circle tightly fits the support frame, ultimately securing the gland tightly to the support frame. It is understood that the support frame includes a structure that tightly fits the outer circle, specifically a groove that matches the outer circle. Furthermore, in addition to ensuring a tight fit between the test material and the upper end of the heating core, the gland also prevents the solution from leaking downward, ensuring that the solution only contacts the upper surface of the test material and does not flow onto the side walls of the test material. At least two temperature detection devices 3121 are arranged inside the second component according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element.

[0054] In some embodiments, the number of temperature detection devices is three. Figure 4 ,exist Figure 4 In the figure, heat is transferred from the heating element 32 to the test material 5. As can be seen from the figure, the heat transfer direction is from bottom to top, so the three temperature detection devices 3121 are arranged from bottom to top inside the heating core.

[0055] In some embodiments, silicone grease or liquid metal is disposed between the test material and the upper end of the heating core. The silicone grease or liquid metal can fill the gap between the test material and the upper end of the heating core, thereby enhancing the heat conduction effect between the test material and the heating core.

[0056] In this embodiment of the present application, a viewing window 6 is provided on the housing, the viewing range of which includes the test material. In this embodiment of the present application, a bubble nucleation image of the test material can be captured using the viewing window, and the number of nucleations in the bubble nucleation image can be counted. This nucleation count refers to the number of bubbles formed in the portion of the test material in contact with the solution when the solution in contact with the test material boils. This nucleation count can also be used to characterize dynamic heat transfer characteristics.

[0057] In some embodiments, a removable top cover 7 is provided on the upper portion of the housing. Before the experiment, the removable top cover can be removed, and the test material can be placed on the upper end of the heating core. The test material and the upper end of the heating core can then be tightly fitted together using a gland. The solution can then be poured into the housing, and the removable top cover can be reinstalled on the upper portion of the housing.

[0058] In some embodiments, the device further comprises an auxiliary heating coil 8, which is arranged on the support frame and around the test material. In some embodiments, the device further comprises an auxiliary heating rod 9, which is arranged on the support frame.

[0059] Before the experiment, while controlling the heating of the heating elements, the auxiliary heating coils and / or auxiliary heating rods are also controlled to heat. When the solution in contact with the test material boils, the heating power of the auxiliary heating coils and auxiliary heating rods is recorded and maintained during the subsequent experiment. In this way, the temperature of the solution can be maintained by the auxiliary heating coils and auxiliary heating rods.

[0060] In some embodiments, the number of the auxiliary heating rods is two, and the two auxiliary heating rods are centrally symmetrical about the center of the test material, so as to better maintain the temperature of the solution surrounding the test material.

[0061] The embodiment of the present application also provides an experimental method for testing the dynamic characteristics of the surface of a zirconium alloy modified by femtosecond laser. The device is used, and an ion solution is injected into the shell.

[0062] Figure 6 A flowchart of an experimental method for testing dynamic properties of a zirconium alloy surface modified by femtosecond laser according to some embodiments is shown. The method includes steps S100 to S600.

[0063] S100, control the heating of the heating element to start boiling the surface solution of the test material, and record the current heating power of the heating element.

[0064] Before performing step S100, the overall assembly of the device is first completed, then the test material is assembled in the device, and the gland is installed. A certain concentration of ion solution is injected into the shell through the top cover. Then step S100 is performed. In the embodiment of the present application, after the heating of the heating element, heat is transferred to the test material through the heating core, and then the temperature of the surface solution of the test material also rises, and finally reaches the boiling state, at which time the current heating power of the heating element is recorded.

[0065] S200, control the heating power of the heating element to maintain the current heating power, and record the temperature values of the at least two temperature detection devices, record the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material through the visual window, and record the weight value of the test material at a preset period. In the embodiment of the present application, the heating power of the heating element is controlled to maintain the current heating power, which can keep the solution in contact with the surface of the test material in a boiling state, so as to simulate the real environment of the test material of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface in the nuclear reactor fuel assembly system.

[0066] In some embodiments, the preset period can be 3-5 days, and the temperature values of the at least two temperature detection devices and the bubble nucleation image can be recorded at a preset period. In addition, the weight value of the test material can be recorded at the end of a preset period.

[0067] After a preset period, the heating power of the heating element, the auxiliary heating rod and the auxiliary heating coil can be gradually reduced, and finally the power is turned off. When the temperature of the ion solution is relatively low, i.e. reaches a certain temperature, the ion solution can be discharged from the shell, and the test material can be taken out and weighed. In some embodiments, the test material can be taken out from the detachable top cover and weighed each time the test material is weighed.

[0068] Then the experiment of the next preset cycle can be continued. In the experiment of the next preset cycle, the solution discharged from the shell will continue to be added into the shell. The heating power of the heating components, auxiliary heating rods and auxiliary heating coils used in addition also needs to be the same as the heating power used in the previous preset cycle test experiment. By obtaining the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices recorded in multiple preset cycles, the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material photographed through the visual window and the weight value of the test material, the dynamic heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics are determined, thereby obtaining the dynamic characteristic changes. During the experiment, it is necessary to ensure that the ion concentration of the ion solution in each preset cycle remains unchanged. Specifically, the ion solubility in the solution can be tested every day, and the ion concentration can be ensured to remain unchanged by adding solutes, etc.

[0069] S300: Determine a heat transfer coefficient based on the temperature value. In the embodiment of the present application, the heat transfer coefficient can represent the dynamic heat transfer characteristics of the surface of the test material.

[0070] In some embodiments, the number of the temperature detection devices is three, and the three temperature detection devices arranged according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element are respectively a first temperature detection device, a second temperature detection device, and a third temperature detection device; the step of determining the heat transfer coefficient according to the temperature value includes:

[0071] The first heat flux density is determined using the temperature value of the first temperature detection device, the temperature value of the second temperature detection device, the distance between the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device, and the thermal conductivity of the heating core. Specifically, the first heat flux density can be calculated using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] in, is the first heat flux, is the thermal conductivity of the heating core, is the temperature value of the first temperature detection device, is the temperature value of the second temperature detection device, is the distance between the first temperature detection device and the second temperature detection device.

[0074] The second heat flux density is determined using the temperature value of the second temperature detection device, the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, the distance between the second temperature detection device and the third temperature detection device, and the thermal conductivity of the heating core. Specifically, the second heat flux density can be calculated using the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] in, is the second heat flux, is the thermal conductivity of the heating core, is the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, is the temperature value of the second temperature detection device, is the distance between the second temperature detection device and the third temperature detection device.

[0077] Determine the heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density. In some embodiments, the step of determining the heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density includes averaging the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density, and using the average value as the heat flux density. Specifically, the heat flux density can be calculated using the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Where q is the heat flux, is the first heat flux, is the second heat flux.

[0080] The temperature of the test material is determined based on the heat flux density, the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, the distance between the third temperature detection device and the test material, and the thermal conductivity of the heating core. Specifically, under heat preservation measures, assuming that there is no heat loss between the temperature detection device and the surface of the test material, the temperature of the test material can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] in, is the temperature of the test material, is the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, q is the heat flux density, L is the distance between the third temperature detection device and the test material, is the thermal conductivity of the heating core.

[0083] The heat transfer coefficient is determined based on the thermal conductivity of the heating core, the temperature of the test material, and the boiling point of the solution. Specifically, the heat transfer coefficient can be calculated based on Newton's cooling formula:

[0084]

[0085] Where h is the heat transfer coefficient, q is the heat flux density, is the temperature of the test material, is the boiling point of the solution. For water, under room pressure, is 100℃.

[0086] S400. Determine the number of bubble nucleations per unit area based on the bubble nucleation image. For femtosecond laser-modified surfaces, the ions in the ionic solution continuously deposit on the microstructure of the test material's surface, causing the contact area between the test material's surface and the solution to continuously change, thus changing the heat transfer coefficient h. Simultaneously, the microstructure is continuously filled with dirt, causing the number of boiling bubble formation points to continuously decrease, thus causing the number of nucleations to change. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the dynamically changing number of nucleations and heat transfer coefficient are calculated to evaluate its dynamic heat transfer characteristics.

[0087] Specifically, the nucleation number per unit area can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Where Na is the number of nucleations per unit area, N is the number of bubbles attached to the surface of the test material in the bubble nucleation image, and S is the area of ​​the test material.

[0090] S500: Determine the weight change of the test material according to the weight values ​​recorded in adjacent preset cycles.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the change in the dirt deposition characteristics and the change in the heat transfer characteristics occur at the same time. As the bubbles continue to boil on the surface of the test material, the ions in the solution will undergo chemical changes such as oxidation to form water-insoluble precipitates that adhere to the microstructure of the femtosecond laser-modified surface. Therefore, the dirt deposition characteristics are characterized by the weight change of the test material.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, the ion concentration of the solution in the shell is kept constant during the experiment, and when the ion concentration is found to decrease, the solute needs to be replenished in time. As the microstructure on the surface of the test material increases with the time of immersion in the solution, the microstructure is easily deposited by ions or impurities in the solution environment, causing the microstructure to gradually become filled and ineffective. The dynamic characteristics in the embodiment of the present application also include dynamic dirt deposition characteristics. The weight change of the test material in adjacent preset cycles can be used to evaluate the degree of dirt deposition on the surface of the test material and characterize the dynamic dirt deposition characteristics of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface. Therefore, the weight values ​​recorded in multiple preset cycles are calculated here, and the weight values ​​recorded in two adjacent preset cycles are subtracted to obtain the weight change of the test material.

[0093] S600: Determine the dynamic characteristics of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to the heat transfer coefficient, the nucleation quantity and the weight change in a plurality of preset cycles.

[0094] Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram showing a dynamic characteristic curve of a zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface according to some embodiments.Figure 7 In the figure, the red data points are the heat transfer coefficient h, the red data points are the nucleation number Na per unit area, and the blue data points are the weight change of the test material. For the femtosecond laser modified surface, as the test experiment continues, more and more dirt is deposited, which will lead to a decrease in the surface heat transfer capacity of the test material. Based on the regularly obtained heat transfer coefficient h, the nucleation number Na per unit area, and the weight change You can draw curves, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The unit of the horizontal axis is day.

[0095] The method in the embodiments of the present application can evaluate the dynamic changes in the heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics of the modified surface, and is used to analyze the mutual influence of dirt deposition and heat transfer on the modified surface under real conditions, guide the iterative optimization of the laser modification process, and evaluate the actual effect of the modified surface after long-term use.

[0096] By means of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application provides an experimental device and method for testing the dynamic characteristics of the surface of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified. The device can provide a real environment in which the simulated test material is located in the nuclear reactor fuel assembly system. By regularly obtaining the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices within a preset period, regularly photographing the bubble nucleation image of the surface of the test material through the visual window, and recording the weight value of the test material, the heat transfer coefficient, nucleation number and weight change of the test material are determined, and then the dynamic characteristics of the surface of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface including dynamic heat transfer characteristics and dirt deposition characteristics are determined, which is convenient for the subsequent iterative optimization of the laser modification process and the evaluation of the real effect of the modified surface after long-term use.

[0097] The present application also provides a computer device, which can be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc. Figure 8 As shown, the computer device includes a bus, a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, and may also include an input / output interface and a display device. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store location information. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of each method embodiment are implemented.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0099] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium may be non-volatile or volatile, and stores a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0100] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0101] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0103] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0104] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An experimental method for testing the dynamic characteristics of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surfaces, applied to an experimental device for testing the dynamic characteristics of zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surfaces, characterized in that: The device comprises: a shell, a support frame, a heating assembly and a pressure cover, wherein the support frame, heating assembly and pressure cover are located inside the shell; the heating assembly comprises a heating core and a heating element, wherein the heating element is arranged inside the heating core, a test material is arranged on the upper end of the heating core, and the test material is attached to the upper end of the heating core through the pressure cover; at least two temperature detection devices are arranged in the heating core and between the heating element and the test material in the heat transfer direction of the heating element; the heating core is connected to the shell through the support frame; a visual window is provided on the shell, and the visual range of the visual window includes the test material; an ion solution is injected into the shell, and the method comprises: Controlling the heating element to heat so that the surface solution of the test material begins to boil, and recording the current heating power of the heating element; Controlling the heating power of the heating element to maintain the current heating power, and regularly recording the temperature values ​​of at least two temperature detection devices within a preset period, regularly photographing bubble nucleation images on the surface of the test material through the visual window, and recording the weight value of the test material; determining a heat transfer coefficient based on the temperature value; determining the number of bubble nucleations per unit area according to the bubble nucleation image; Determining a weight change of the test material based on weight values ​​recorded during adjacent preset cycles; The dynamic characteristics of the zirconium alloy femtosecond laser modified surface are determined based on the heat transfer coefficient, the nucleation quantity and the weight change in multiple preset cycles.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that There are three temperature detection devices, and the three temperature detection devices arranged according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element are respectively a first temperature detection device, a second temperature detection device and a third temperature detection device; The step of determining the heat transfer coefficient according to the temperature value includes: determining a first heat flux density using a temperature value of the first temperature detecting device, a temperature value of the second temperature detecting device, a distance between the first temperature detecting device and the second temperature detecting device, and a thermal conductivity of the heating core; determining a second heat flux density using a temperature value of the second temperature detecting device, a temperature value of the third temperature detecting device, a distance between the second temperature detecting device and the third temperature detecting device, and a thermal conductivity of the heating core; determining a heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density; determining the temperature of the test material based on the heat flux density, the temperature value of the third temperature detection device, the distance between the third temperature detection device and the test material, and the thermal conductivity of the heating core; The heat transfer coefficient is determined based on the thermal conductivity of the heating core, the temperature of the test material, and the boiling point of the solution.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of determining the heat flux density transferred from the test material to the solution based on the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density comprises: An average value is obtained for the first heat flux density and the second heat flux density, and the average value is used as the heat flux density.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The heating core includes a first component and a second component connected to the first component, and the heating element is arranged in the first component; the test material is arranged at the upper end of the second component, and the test material is adhered to the upper end of the second component through the pressure cover; the at least two temperature detection devices are arranged inside the second component according to the heat transfer direction of the heating element, and the second component is connected to the inner wall of the shell through a support frame.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein A detachable top cover is provided on the upper portion of the shell.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes an auxiliary heating coil, which is arranged on the support frame and surrounds the test material.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes an auxiliary heating rod, which is arranged on the supporting frame.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that There are two auxiliary heating rods, and the two auxiliary heating rods are centrally symmetrical about the center of the test material.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Silicone grease or liquid metal is provided between the test material and the upper end of the heating core.

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