Method for determining underwater drilling blasting air coupling vibration reduction hole parameters
Through numerical simulation and equivalent verification experiments, the parameters of underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration damping holes were determined, which solved the problem of lack of data support in the existing technology, and achieved better vibration damping effects and construction guidance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411477810.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
The prior art lacks quantitative impact data on vibration damping hole parameters in underwater blasting operations, resulting in the inability to achieve the optimal vibration damping effect.
Through numerical simulation and equivalent verification experiments, the parameters of underwater drilling blasting air-coupled vibration damping holes are determined, including hole distance, row distance, number of rows and relative distances. The simulation test is performed using ANSYS-DYNA finite element software to record and analyze vibration data to calculate the vibration damping rate.
The parameters of underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration damping holes were accurately determined, which effectively reduced the vibration impact on the protection area, improved the vibration damping effect, and provided data support to guide on-site construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN119647306A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater drilling and blasting, and in particular relates to a method for determining parameters of air-coupled vibration-reducing holes for underwater drilling and blasting. Background Art
[0002] Underwater blasting is a commonly used method in waterway dredging, seaports, bridges and other projects. Due to its low cost, fast construction speed and high reliability, it has been widely used in the fields of ports and waterway dredging. The rapid development of blasting technology has brought great benefits and convenience to society, but it has also produced many harmful effects. From past blasting engineering accidents, the consequences of accidents caused by blasting vibration are very serious, which will cause damage and destruction to surrounding buildings. Therefore, a series of problems caused by blasting vibration have received widespread attention from researchers.
[0003] The hazards caused by blasting vibration are usually controlled from several angles, such as the explosion source and the propagation process. First, by adjusting the corresponding blasting parameters and detonation methods, the intensity of seismic waves can be reduced from the source; second, appropriate vibration reduction and protection measures are adopted to block the propagation of blasting seismic waves and accelerate the attenuation of explosion energy during the propagation process. In order to control the blasting vibration during its propagation process, measures such as excavating vibration reduction holes and vibration reduction trenches are often taken to reduce the harmful effects of blasting vibration on the protective body. When the explosion seismic waves pass through the vibration reduction holes and vibration reduction trenches, reflection, diffraction and other phenomena will occur, thereby effectively attenuating the energy of the seismic waves; however, the parameters of the vibration reduction holes have a great influence on the vibration reduction effect. It is particularly important to determine the parameters of the vibration reduction holes through numerical simulation and experimental research for on-site construction; therefore, it is necessary to design a method to determine the parameters of the air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling blasting to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for determining the parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting. The method aims to solve the problem that in the underwater blasting operation in the prior art, there is a lack of quantitative influence data of the vibration reduction hole parameters on the vibration reduction effect, resulting in a lack of data support during actual construction and an inability to achieve the best vibration reduction effect. The method has the characteristic of effectively reducing the vibration influence of underwater drilling and blasting on the protected area through numerical simulation tests.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for determining parameters of an air-coupled vibration reduction hole for underwater drilling and blasting comprises the following steps: S1, through numerical simulation, the parameters of the hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distances from the explosion zone and the protection zone are obtained; S2, based on the parameters obtained in step S1, selecting a concrete specimen for an equivalent verification experiment, and setting monitoring points on the concrete specimen, where vibration sensors are set to collect vibration amplitude signals; S3, using ansys-DYNA finite element software to set multiple groups of working conditions, arrange and combine different working conditions, and conduct underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation tests, and record the peak values of the vibration amplitude signals of the monitoring points during the tests under all working conditions; the working conditions include the vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distance parameters from the blasting area and the protection area; S4, for the test data of step S3, the vibration reduction rate of the monitoring point under different vibration reduction hole parameters is calculated, and a comparison analysis is performed on multiple groups of vibration reduction rates.
[0006] Preferably, in step S3, the method for the underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation test of the i-th group is: Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole, and obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 0) at this distance without a vibration reduction hole; Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole to obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 1) at this distance under this working condition; The vibration reduction rate K(i,1)=[Vmax(i,0)-Vmax(i,1)] / Vmax(i, 0) is calculated.
[0007] Preferably, in step S2, a concrete specimen having a structure similar to that of the rock to be blasted underwater is selected for an equivalent verification test.
[0008] The beneficial effects of the method for determining the parameters of the air-coupled vibration reduction hole for underwater drilling and blasting provided by the present invention are as follows: The present invention can accurately determine the parameters of the air-coupled vibration damping holes for underwater drilling blasting, and accurately guide the on-site construction; it verifies the effectiveness of the numerical simulation technology for determining the parameters of the air-coupled vibration damping holes for underwater drilling blasting, and provides guidance for the subsequent study of other parameters of the air-coupled vibration damping holes for underwater drilling blasting; in the equivalent explosion test, the present invention adopts the same rock structure and equivalent charge as the underwater drilling blasting. The underwater drilling equivalent explosion test is simulated as much as possible, and the vibration data measured can truly reflect the vibration damping effect of the air-coupled vibration damping hole, and the result is true and reliable with high confidence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the position distribution of the first group of blast holes and vibration reduction holes in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the position distribution of the second group of blast holes and vibration reduction holes in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the position distribution of the third group of blast holes and vibration reduction holes in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the vibration monitoring point of the present invention; In the figure: blast hole 1, vibration reduction hole 2, vibration monitoring point 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0010] Embodiment 1: A method for determining parameters of an air-coupled vibration reduction hole for underwater drilling and blasting comprises the following steps: S1, through numerical simulation, the parameters of the hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distances from the explosion zone and the protection zone are obtained; S2, based on the parameters obtained in step S1, selecting a concrete specimen for an equivalent verification experiment, and setting monitoring points on the concrete specimen, where vibration sensors are set to collect vibration amplitude signals; S3, using ansys-DYNA finite element software to set multiple groups of working conditions, arrange and combine different working conditions, and conduct underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation tests, and record the peak values of the vibration amplitude signals of the monitoring points during the tests under all working conditions; the working conditions include the vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distance parameters from the blasting area and the protection area; S4, for the test data of step S3, the vibration reduction rate of the monitoring point under different vibration reduction hole parameters is calculated, and a comparison analysis is performed on multiple groups of vibration reduction rates.
[0011] Preferably, in step S3, the method for the underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation test of the i-th group is: Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole, and obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 0) at this distance without a vibration reduction hole; Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole to obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 1) at this distance under this working condition; The vibration reduction rate K(i,1)=[Vmax(i,0)-Vmax(i,1)] / Vmax(i, 0) is calculated.
[0012] Preferably, in step S2, a concrete specimen having a structure similar to that of the rock to be blasted underwater is selected for an equivalent verification test.
[0013] Furthermore, the numerical simulation uses the nonlinear dynamic finite element software ANSYS / LS-DYNA to establish a three-dimensional calculation model, and systematically analyzes the effects of different parameters of vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distance between vibration reduction holes and blast holes on the vibration reduction efficiency, and obtains the effects of different vibration reduction hole parameters on the vibration reduction effect, providing a basis for the design parameters of vibration reduction holes; the fluid-solid coupling algorithm is used in the simulation to transfer the energy generated by the explosion of explosives to the rock mass through the fluid domain; the effects of different vibration reduction hole parameters on the vibration reduction rate are simulated and calculated, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1. With other parameters remaining unchanged, as the hole spacing of the air-coupled vibration reduction holes decreases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal hole spacing. When the hole spacing of the vibration reduction holes is greater than the optimal hole spacing, the vibration reduction rate will not increase significantly and will tend to a stable value. Therefore, a reasonable hole spacing of the vibration reduction holes can improve the vibration reduction rate, achieve a good vibration reduction effect, and reduce the required drilling amount.
[0014] 2. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the spacing of air-coupled vibration reduction holes decreases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal spacing. When the spacing of vibration reduction holes is greater than the optimal spacing, the vibration reduction rate will not increase significantly and will tend to a stable value. Therefore, a reasonable spacing of vibration reduction holes can improve the vibration reduction rate, achieve a good vibration reduction effect, and reduce the required drilling amount.
[0015] 3. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the number of air-coupled vibration reduction holes increases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal number of rows. When the hole spacing of the vibration reduction holes is greater than the optimal number of rows, the vibration reduction rate will not increase significantly and will tend to a stable value. Therefore, a reasonable number of vibration reduction holes can improve the vibration reduction rate, achieve a good vibration reduction effect, and reduce the required drilling amount.
[0016] 4. When other parameters remain unchanged, the vibration reduction rate and the distance between the vibration reduction hole and the blast hole are negatively correlated. Therefore, reasonably reducing the distance between the vibration reduction hole and the blast hole can effectively improve the vibration reduction rate.
[0017] Furthermore, the equivalent verification experiment is carried out by digging a foundation pit on the ground and pouring concrete specimens to simulate underwater drilling and blasting. The physical and mechanical parameters of the selected concrete are similar to the rock structure at the blasting site, and an equivalent amount of explosives is installed for testing to obtain the vibration reduction rate of different vibration reduction hole parameters. This verification scheme of model testing on the ground is equivalent, can greatly reduce costs, and is highly efficient and safe.
[0018] Embodiment 2: like Figure 1~Figure 3As shown, the hole spacings selected in this embodiment are 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, and 6cm respectively, the row spacings are 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, and 7cm respectively, the number of rows are 1 row, 2 rows, and 3 rows respectively, the relative distances between the vibration reduction holes and the explosion area and the protection area are 20cm, 40cm, and 60cm respectively, and 11 groups of working conditions are set for testing.
[0019] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0020] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 3 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0021] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 5 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0022] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 6 cm, a row spacing of 4 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0023] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 4 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0024] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 6 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0025] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 7 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0026] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, a row number of 1, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0027] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, two rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 20 cm.
[0028] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 40 cm.
[0029] Furthermore, the vibration reduction holes have a hole spacing of 4 cm, a row spacing of 5 cm, three rows, and a relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes of 60 cm.
[0030] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, in each group of tests, three vibration monitoring points were set for each working condition, and two groups of blasting tests were carried out each time, for a total of 6 underwater drilling and blasting equivalent tests. Finally, the effects of the air coupling vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and the relative distance between the vibration reduction hole and the blast hole on the vibration reduction effect were obtained, as follows: A vibration monitor was installed at a set distance of 100 cm from the blast hole, and an equivalent explosion test was carried out to obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 0) at this distance without a vibration reduction hole.
[0031] A vibration monitor was installed at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole, and an equivalent explosion test was carried out to obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax(i,1) at this distance under this working condition. The vibration reduction rate K(i,1)=[Vmax(i,0)-Vmax(i,1)] / Vmax(i,0) was calculated.
[0032] The vibration monitoring equipment uses a vibration monitor and a matching Isv-416 vibration sensor. Each measuring point is bonded to the measuring point with gypsum powder. This installation method can be approximately equivalent to the bedrock after the gypsum powder solidifies, and ensures that the vibration sensor measures the vibration parameters of the bedrock, reducing the measurement error.
[0033] The test results show that: The numerical simulation results are similar to the model test results, with an error of only 10%, indicating that the numerical simulation method can effectively reflect the vibration reduction effect of the air-coupled vibration reduction hole, which can provide a reference for subsequent research and save costs.
[0034] When the hole spacing of the vibration reduction holes is gradually reduced from 6 cm to 3 cm, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes is increased from 26% to 45%. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the hole spacing of the air-coupled vibration reduction holes decreases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal hole spacing. Considering the cost issue, the optimal hole spacing of the vibration reduction holes is selected as 4 cm.
[0035] When the row spacing of the vibration reduction holes is gradually reduced from 7cm to 44cm, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes is increased from 23% to 36%. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the row spacing of the air-coupled vibration reduction holes decreases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal row spacing. Considering the cost issue, the optimal vibration reduction hole spacing is selected as 5cm.
[0036] When the number of vibration reduction holes is gradually increased from 1 row to 3 rows, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes increases from 16% to 56%. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the number of air-coupled vibration reduction holes increases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction holes will increase, but the improvement efficiency will slow down. There is an optimal number of rows. Considering the cost issue, the optimal number of vibration reduction holes is selected as 2 rows.
[0037] When the relative distance between the vibration reduction hole and the blast hole gradually decreases from 60 cm to 20 cm, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction hole increases from 24% to 43%. When other parameters remain unchanged, as the relative distance between the air-coupled vibration reduction hole and the blast hole decreases, the vibration reduction rate of the vibration reduction hole will increase. Considering the cost issue, the optimal relative distance between the vibration reduction hole and the blast hole is selected as 20 cm.
Claims
1. A method for determining the parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, through numerical simulation, the parameters of the hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distances from the explosion zone and the protection zone are obtained; S2, based on the parameters obtained in step S1, selecting a concrete specimen for an equivalent verification experiment, and setting monitoring points on the concrete specimen, where vibration sensors are set to collect vibration amplitude signals; S3, using ansys-DYNA finite element software to set multiple groups of working conditions, arrange and combine different working conditions, and conduct underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation tests, and record the peak values of the vibration amplitude signals of the monitoring points during the tests under all working conditions; the working conditions include the vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distance parameters from the blasting area and the protection area; S4, for the test data of step S3, the vibration reduction rate of the monitoring point under different vibration reduction hole parameters is calculated, and a comparison analysis is performed on multiple groups of vibration reduction rates.
2. A method for determining the parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the method for the underwater drilling and blasting air-coupled vibration reduction hole simulation test of the i-th group is: Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole, and obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 0) at this distance without a vibration reduction hole; Extract the solid unit vibration time history curve data at a set distance of 100 cm from the blasthole to obtain the maximum vibration velocity Vmax (i, 1) at this distance under this working condition; The vibration reduction rate is calculated: ； In the formula, Vmax (i, 0) represents the maximum vibration velocity at this distance without vibration-damping holes; Vmax (i, 1) represents the maximum vibration velocity at this distance under this working condition; Indicates the vibration reduction rate.
3. A method for determining parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a concrete specimen with a structure similar to that of the underwater blasting rock is selected for an equivalent verification test.
4. A method for determining parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The numerical simulation of the equivalent verification test uses the nonlinear dynamic finite element software ANSYS / LS-DYNA to establish a three-dimensional calculation model. The influence of different parameters of vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and relative distance between vibration reduction holes and blast holes on the vibration reduction efficiency is systematically analyzed. The influence of different vibration reduction hole parameters on the vibration reduction effect is obtained, providing a basis for the design parameters of the vibration reduction holes. The fluid-solid coupling algorithm is used in the simulation to transfer the energy generated by the explosion of the explosive to the rock part through the fluid domain. The influence of different vibration reduction hole parameters on the vibration reduction rate is simulated and calculated.
5. A method for determining parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that: In each set of tests, three vibration monitoring points were set up for each working condition, and two sets of blasting tests were carried out each time, totaling 6 underwater drilling and blasting equivalent tests. Finally, the influence of the air-coupled vibration reduction hole spacing, row spacing, number of rows, and the relative distance between the vibration reduction holes and the blast holes on the vibration reduction effect were obtained.
6. A method for determining parameters of air-coupled vibration reduction holes for underwater drilling and blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration monitoring equipment uses a vibration monitor and a vibration sensor. Each measuring point is bonded to the measuring point with gypsum powder. After the gypsum powder solidifies, it is approximately equivalent to the bedrock, and ensures that the vibration sensor measures the vibration parameters of the bedrock.