Partition coupling vegetation recovery method for drought and barren difficult site in earth-rock mountainous area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, and discloses an earth-rock mountainous area drought and barren difficult site partition coupling vegetation recovery method. According to the method, a composite fuzzy matter element-entropy weight method is adopted for calculation, and vegetation growth influence indexes on subdivided land parcels serve as independent variables; a similar drought and barren difficult site of a formed stable vegetation community area is used as a reference system, so that the type of an apical community formed by a certain subarea after vegetation is fully recovered is judged, and the European fitting degree is obtained when the plant biomass on a subdivided plot of the formed stable vegetation community area is used as a dependent variable; and measuring potential plant biomass of different partitions of the difficult site according to the Euclidean fitting degree. And judging which plants are suitable for growing in the partition according to the type of the apical community, and formulating a manual intervention means in a targeted manner, so as to ensure that the manual intervention means are suitable at each position. And then a specific plant combination and mixing mode is adopted to ensure that the mode of adopting different manual intervention means in different subareas is feasible in actual operation and mutual promotion among the subareas is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, and in particular to a method for restoring vegetation in arid, barren and difficult sites in soil and rock mountainous areas by coupling zoning. Background Art

[0002] Difficult site refers to a soil site type with extremely harsh natural environment such as soil infertility, acidification, salinization, desertification, etc. due to harsh environment or serious interference.

[0003] There are many types of difficult sites, and arid and barren slopes are one of them. Mountain slopes with good natural conditions (abundant rainfall, thick soil in some areas, and less soil erosion) can be restored through afforestation. However, many arid and barren steep slopes do not have the conditions for afforestation. Even if the conditions are met, they will suffer from severe soil erosion for a long time before the vegetation recovers due to the lack of vegetation protection. Therefore, arid and barren steep slopes are difficult sites, and artificial intervention is usually needed to speed up vegetation recovery, such as artificial land preparation, sowing seeds, transplanting seedlings, etc., to make vegetation grow quickly.

[0004] For the same difficult site, different intervention methods are usually not used for different locations during artificial intervention. Generally, different artificial intervention methods are used for slopes at different heights only when the mountain is high and spans multiple vertical vegetation zones. For mountains with small altitude gradients and located in the same vertical vegetation zone, the site conditions are consistent and the same artificial intervention method is used at different locations.

[0005] However, even in areas where the natural environment is intact and the site conditions are the same, some places can grow trees while others can only grow grass. A typical case is the Tianmu Mountain Forest Farm in Xinyang, where there are some slopes that can only grow meadows dominated by centipedegrass and a small amount of shrubs, while the surrounding areas are dominated by oak and pine trees. If the same tree planting or broadcast afforestation methods are used on plots with similar conditions, the gains will inevitably outweigh the losses.

[0006] For mountain slopes with intact vegetation, the vegetation conditions can be used to determine what specific vegetation can grow on a plot of land. However, there is no intact vegetation on the damaged mountain slopes, and there is no judgment method in the prior art that can accurately predict what plants can grow on a piece of land. Take the Xiong'an New Area Basin Ecological Health Protection and Quality Improvement Technology System Project involved in the present invention: Serving the Comprehensive Management of Small Watersheds and Difficult Site Ecological Restoration Technology Demonstration as an example. The damaged mountain slopes involved in the project have suffered vegetation destruction due to historical logging and grazing. At the same time, due to the increase in precipitation in recent years, the problem of soil erosion has also become serious. The local mountains have a small altitude difference, are all located in the same vegetation vertical zone, and climatic conditions allow vegetation to grow, so it is planned to use artificial afforestation for restoration, but the initial afforestation operation is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0007] The invention provides a method for restoring vegetation by zoning coupling in arid, barren and difficult sites in soil and rock mountain areas.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved is that the same mountain slope located in the same vegetation vertical zone is repaired by the same artificial intervention method in the existing technology, which does not match its actual natural endowment.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for zoning coupled vegetation restoration of arid and barren difficult sites in soil and rock mountainous areas, which is used for vegetation restoration of difficult sites of damaged mountain slopes, wherein the arid and barren difficult sites are located in the same vegetation vertical zone, and the vegetation restoration method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Zoning the same difficult site based on topography and soil properties; Step 2: Classify each partition based on the potential plant aboveground biomass, where the potential plant aboveground biomass is the plant aboveground biomass after the vegetation is fully restored. Partitions of the same level will form the same type of climax community after the vegetation is fully restored, and the smaller the potential plant aboveground biomass, the lower the level; Step 3: Design corresponding plant combinations for each level of partition, and the plant combinations meet the following conditions: Condition 3.1: The plant combination of each level of partition contains all the dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at that level; Condition 3.2: The lowest level of zoning is to design plant assemblages based on climax communities containing the largest proportion of pioneer plants among the dominant species; Condition 3.3: Except for the highest level, the plant combinations in each level are transitional species of the climax community in the higher level; Condition 3.4: All herbaceous plants can be sown from seeds; and if the plant combination of each sub-division includes shrubs, at least one shrub can be sown from seeds; Step 4: Mix the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition according to the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community, and the mixture of the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition is recorded as graded seed; Step 5: Take appropriate land preparation measures based on the climax communities corresponding to each partition; mix the graded seeds of the different levels of partitions and sow them in difficult sites, and transplant plants that cannot be sown from seeds.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 1, a continuous area with the same slope, aspect and soil thickness is a partition.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit with slope, slope aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass as dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the aboveground biomass of plants is the aboveground biomass of plants in the plots with the same independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method in the area adjacent to the difficult site and where the vegetation is not damaged; In step 2, when classifying, first determine the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass of the climax community corresponding to each level of the partition except the lowest level. The Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass is recorded as the lower limit fit. If the Euclidean fit of a partition is not less than at least one lower limit fit, its level is the level corresponding to the maximum value of the lower limit fits smaller than it; otherwise, it is the lowest level.

[0013] Furthermore, if the plant combination corresponding to the highest-level partition includes at least one tree that can only be transplanted, then when grading in step 2, the partition that is classified as the highest level and whose slope does not belong to the platform will be downgraded by one level.

[0014] Furthermore, if the climax community corresponding to the highest-level partition is arbor forest, then in step 2, the partition is divided into four levels, which are recorded as agricultural and forestry land, non-economic forest land, potential forest land, and land without arbor trees from high to low; In step five, agricultural and forestry land is prepared in the same way as cultivated land and / or economic forest, non-economic forest land and land without trees are not prepared, potential forest land is prepared in the way of fish scale pits, and high molecular water retaining agent is added to the soil.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 4, the proportion of the number of seeds constituting the graded seed is the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community divided by the germination rate; In step five, the graded seeds of different grades of partitions are mixed in equal mass ratio, and shrub seeds accounting for at least 10% of the total mass are additionally added.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4, the graded seeds of the same grade of partitions are mixed and prepared into seed capsules or pelletized seeds.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the method for restoring vegetation by zoning coupled with difficult sites in arid and barren soil and rocky mountainous areas of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit when the index affecting vegetation growth on the subdivided plots is used as the independent variable and the aboveground biomass of plants in the area adjacent to the difficult site and where the vegetation is not damaged is used as the dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to measure the potential aboveground biomass of plants in different partitions of the difficult site. The potential aboveground biomass of plants is used to judge the type of climax community formed in a certain partition after the vegetation is fully restored, and then the climax community type is used to judge which plants are suitable for growing in the partition, and artificial intervention means are formulated accordingly to ensure that the artificial intervention means are suitable in each position. Then, a specific plant combination and mixing method is used to ensure that the method of using different artificial intervention means in different partitions is feasible in actual operation and that the partitions promote each other (the seeds of the low-level partitions sown in the high-level partitions accelerate the early succession, and the seeds of the high-level partitions sown in the low-level partitions accelerate the succession after the environment is improved and supplement the seeds below). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for zoning-coupled vegetation restoration in arid, barren and difficult sites in soil and rocky mountainous areas according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Taking the Xiong'an New Area Basin Ecological Health Protection and Quality Improvement Technology System Project: Serving the Comprehensive Management of Small Watersheds and Difficult Site Ecological Restoration Technology Demonstration as an example, Figure 1 As shown, a method for zoning coupled vegetation restoration of arid and barren difficult sites in soil and rock mountainous areas is used for vegetation restoration of difficult sites of damaged mountain slopes. The arid and barren difficult sites are in the same vegetation vertical zone. The vegetation restoration method includes the following steps: Step 1: Zoning the same difficult site based on topography and soil properties; When partitioning, an index with obvious characteristics should be used to distinguish the boundaries of each partition, because the area of ​​each partition may be as small as only a few dozen square meters. If there is no obvious feature to distinguish, it will bring difficulties to the subsequent manual intervention process. In this embodiment, when measuring the aboveground biomass of potential plants, some indicators with large weights and obvious characteristics are found as distinguishing features. See the subsequent weight calculation process for details.

[0020] Step 2: Classify each sub-area based on the potential plant aboveground biomass. The potential plant aboveground biomass is the plant aboveground biomass after the vegetation is fully restored. Sub-areas of the same level will form the same type of climax community after the vegetation is fully restored, and the smaller the potential plant aboveground biomass, the lower the level; It is difficult to predict which plants can grow in each partition based on its natural endowment, but another idea is used here to solve this problem. Since the plant population type is related to the aboveground biomass of the plant, different types of populations have different aboveground biomass of the plant, and there is a step-by-step change between each other. The potential aboveground biomass of plants (that is, after the vegetation of a piece of wasteland is fully restored, its natural endowment allows the growth of a certain mass of plants per unit area of ​​the surface) can be calculated with the help of the method we will mention later, so as to predict which plants can grow. That is: natural endowment-Euclidean fit-potential aboveground biomass of plants-climax community type-plant type in the community. Note that after the partitioning is completed, markers should be placed in each partition, such as wooden stakes with marking rings.

[0021] Step 3: Design corresponding plant combinations for each level of partition. The plant combinations must meet the following conditions: Condition 3.1: The plant combination of each level of partition contains all the dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at that level; When restoring vegetation, it is impossible to plant all the plants in a community, but if the dominant species are cultivated artificially, they can have most of the functions of an ecosystem that includes all plants. The reason for selecting the dominant species in the climax community is to ensure that the community can reach a stable state in the future.

[0022] Condition 3.2: The lowest level of zoning is to design plant assemblages based on climax communities containing the largest proportion of pioneer plants among the dominant species; When carrying out succession on wasteland, pioneer plants are first needed to ensure that the ground has a certain amount of vegetation cover. The lowest level of the subdivision has a relatively harsh environment, so there may be many pioneer plants in its climax community. The seeds of different subdivisions are subsequently mixed, which not only increases biodiversity, but also ensures that each subdivision has pioneer plants.

[0023] Condition 3.3: Except for the highest level, the plant combinations in each level are transitional species of the climax community in the higher level; There are two biggest bottlenecks that affect the succession rate during the succession process, one is the formation of soil, and the other is the acquisition of seeds. For the difficult site in the present invention, the soil has already been formed. Therefore, the plants of the climax community of the lower-level partition are directly used as transitional species for each stage of the succession process in the higher-level partition, ensuring that each partition can obtain the seeds of the climax community and can obtain seeds at each stage of succession.

[0024] Condition 3.4: All herbaceous plants can be sown from seeds; and if the plant combination of each sub-division includes shrubs, at least one shrub can be sown from seeds; When designing, plant types from adjacent areas with the same natural endowments and intact vegetation are generally selected, and fine-tuning is performed while meeting the above four conditions.

[0025] Since the present invention requires not only the plants belonging to the climax community of the partition to be planted in a partition, but also the transitional species in the succession process to be planted, in order not to increase the workload extra, it is necessary to ensure that these extra species can be planted by sowing. Arbors and large shrubs are generally plants in the climax community of the partition, and their planting work is an inherent part of the workload, which needs to be carried out even if the transitional species are not planted.

[0026] The plant combinations designed in this embodiment are as follows: Table 1: Plant combinations Step 4: Mix the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition according to the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community, and the mixture of the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition is recorded as graded seed; The number of seeds is mixed according to the number of plants to ensure that the plant ratio of the formed community is just right.

[0027] Step 5: Take appropriate land preparation measures based on the climax communities corresponding to each partition; mix the graded seeds of the partitions of different levels and sow them in difficult sites, and transplant plants that cannot be sown from seeds.

[0028] For the most advanced partitions, the seeds sown in this way are either transitional species in the succession process or seeds in the climax community, which are all needed by the partition. But for the remaining partitions, it seems that the seeds sown in this way contain some seeds that are not needed by the partition, but in fact these seeds can also play a role: First of all, for the soil and rock mountain area, its geometric shape determines that the higher its position, the worse the natural endowment, and the lower the level of the partition. That is to say, the lower-level partition is generally located above the higher-level partition. Even if the seeds sown in the lower-level partition at a higher position are useless for the partition (in many cases, they cannot even germinate successfully), they can gradually migrate and supplement to the higher-level partition below. In the early stages of succession, the transitional species in the higher-level partition below are in a dominant position. At this time, the seeds in the germinating climax community do not grow well, and some will die. The ungerminated seeds in the lower-level partition above are subsequently supplemented to the lower part to fill the gap and play a role in preserving seeds.

[0029] Secondly, artificial intervention measures such as land preparation and changes in precipitation in recent years will change the natural endowment of the partition, enabling it to further succeed. At this time, additional advanced partition seeds can greatly accelerate the process of further succession.

[0030] In step 1, a continuous area with consistent slope, aspect and soil thickness is a partition.

[0031] The slope, slope direction and soil thickness have large weights and obvious characteristics, which facilitates positioning during actual construction and ensures that the boundaries of each zone can be clearly distinguished.

[0032] In step 2, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit with slope, aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass as dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass.

[0033] This method takes into account the distribution and uncertainty of each indicator data, and can comprehensively consider the diversity of data; it can effectively avoid the influence of subjective factors on weights, and calculate weights through the characteristics of the data itself; it has a wide range of applications, does not require linear relationships between indicators, and can handle nonlinear multi-indicator evaluation problems. The fuzzy matter-element method can handle situations where there is fuzziness and uncertainty between indicators, and is more suitable for fuzzy and unclear situations in practical problems; it can better handle the correlation between indicators, and has better applicability for indicators with strong correlation; it can better simulate practical problems through the combined use of fuzzy sets and matter-element, and improve the applicability and accuracy of comprehensive evaluation.

[0034] The specific implementation process of the law is as follows: 1. Composite fuzzy matter-element 1.1 Fuzzy matter-element and compound fuzzy matter-element In matter-element analysis, a matter-element R (M, c, x) consists of the name of the thing M, its feature c and its value. (Kang Wenni et al., 2020) If a given thing M consists of n features and their corresponding fuzzy values, then these m n-dimensional fuzzy matter-elements can constitute a composite fuzzy matter-element R mn (Tang Shuo et al., 2012), the specific formula is as follows: (1) 1.2 According to the principle of optimal membership, describe the membership degree of the fuzzy values ​​corresponding to each evaluation indicator.

[0035] The bigger the better indicator (positive indicator): (2) The smaller the better indicator (reverse indicator): (3) Where: u ij For the i Type j The value corresponding to each indicator; for i Type j The maximum and minimum values ​​of all the values ​​corresponding to an indicator.

[0036] Thus, we can construct the optimal membership fuzzy matter-element R' mn (4) 1.3 Standard fuzzy matter-element and squared difference composite fuzzy matter-element R' mn The maximum or minimum value of the optimal membership of each index in the standard fuzzy matter element R is established 0n If the square of the difference between the standard fuzzy matter-element and the optimal membership fuzzy matter-element is Δ ij , that is, Δ ij =(μ 0j -μ ij ) 2 , then the difference square composite fuzzy element R Δ , which can be expressed as: (5) 2. Entropy Weight Method 2.1 Constructing the original judgment matrix R of m evaluation objects and n evaluation indicators R= (i=1, 2,…m; j=1, 2,…n) (6) 2.2 Normalize the judgment matrix to obtain the normalized judgment matrix A.

[0037] Positive indicators (7) Reverse Indicator (8) In the formula, a ij For r ij After normalization, the data ij ∈[0,1] 2.3 Calculate the index entropy value (9) in (10) 2.4 Calculation of index entropy weight W (11) In the formula, , w j ≥0 2.5 European closeness and comprehensive evaluation Closeness ρ Hi Indicates the closeness between the sample and the standard sample. The larger the value, the closer it is to the optimal value: (12) By cleaning the data, processing missing values ​​and standardizing the data, and then calculating the weight of each indicator through the standardized data, the information entropy and entropy weight are further calculated, and finally the weight of each indicator is obtained: Table 2: Weight table The weight can reflect the degree of influence of each indicator on the evaluation process. The larger the weight, the greater the impact of its fluctuation on the result. The weights of slope, aspect and soil thickness are large and have obvious characteristics. Therefore, these three indicators are combined to name the partitions, which is convenient for positioning during actual construction and ensures that the boundaries of each partition can be distinguished (if these three indicators are consistent and located in the same partition, then there will be no obvious differences in other indicators). Then calculate the Euclidean fit and classify it. The results are shown in the following table: Table 3: Grading table slope Slope aspect Soil thickness site name European fit Sorting Grading platform Shady slope Moderate The platform has a moderate shady slope 0.646 1 A platform Shady slope Thin The shady slope of the platform is relatively thin 0.624 2 A platform Half shade half sun slope Moderate The platform is half shaded and half sunny with moderate slope 0.5883 3 A platform Shady slope Thin Thin shady slope of platform 0.5725 4 A platform Shady slope Extremely thin The shady slope of the platform is extremely thin 0.5535 5 A platform Half shade half sun slope Thin The platform is half shaded and half sunny, and the slope is thin 0.5524 6 A Slope Half shade half sun slope Moderate Slope: Half shade, half sun, moderate slope 0.5283 7 B platform Sunny slope Moderate The platform has a moderate sunny slope 0.527 8 A platform Half shade half sun slope Extremely thin The platform is half shaded and half sunny, with a very thin slope 0.5194 9 A platform Half shade half sun slope Thin The platform is half shaded and half sunny with thin slope 0.5161 10 A Slope Shady slope Thin The shady slope of the slope is thin 0.5156 11 B platform Sunny slope Extremely thin Thin sunny slope of platform 0.5125 12 A platform Sunny slope Thin The sunny slope of the platform is extremely thin 0.5025 13 A Slope Sunny slope Moderate Moderately sloping sunny slope 0.4916 14 B Slope Sunny slope Thin The sunny slope is thin 0.491 15 B Slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Slope is half shade and half sun, the slope is thin 0.4724 16 B steep slope Sunny slope Moderate Steep slope, sunny slope, moderate 0.4696 17 B platform Sunny slope Thin The sunny slope of the platform is relatively thin 0.464 18 B Slope Shady slope Extremely thin Slope with extremely thin shady slope 0.4535 19 B Slope Sunny slope Thin Thin sunny slope 0.444 20 B steep slope Half shade half sun slope Moderate Steep slope, half shade, half sun, moderate slope 0.4437 21 B Slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Slope is half shade and half sun, thin 0.4321 22 B steep slope Shady slope Thin Steep slope, thin shady slope 0.4315 23 B steep slope Shady slope Moderate Steep slope moderate shade slope 0.42 24 B Steep slope Half shade half sun slope Moderate Steep slope, half shade, half sun, moderate slope 0.416 25 B Slope Half shade half sun slope Extremely thin The slope is half shaded and half sunny, and the slope is very thin 0.4156 26 B Steep slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, thin slope 0.4118 27 B Slope Sunny slope Moderate The slope is very thin 0.408 28 B Slope Shady slope Thin Flat slope with thin shady slope 0.402 29 B Slope Shady slope Extremely thin Slope with extremely thin shady slope 0.3967 30 B steep slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, thin slope 0.3933 31 C Steep slope Sunny slope Thin steep slope, thin sunny slope 0.3779 32 C Steep slope Sunny slope Moderate Steep slope, sunny slope, moderate 0.3759 33 C Steep slope Shady slope Extremely thin The steep slope is extremely thin 0.3756 34 C Steep slope Half shade half sun slope Extremely thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, very thin slope 0.3748 35 C Steep slope Shady slope Thin Steep slope, thin shady slope 0.3746 36 C Steep slope Shady slope Thin Steep slope and shady slope are thin 0.3639 37 D steep slope Sunny slope Thin Steep slope, sunny slope, thin 0.361 38 D steep slope Sunny slope Thin Steep slope and sunny slope are thin 0.3602 39 D Steep slope Sunny slope Thin Steep slope and sunny slope are thin 0.3601 40 D steep slope Half shade half sun slope Extremely thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, very thin slope 0.3573 41 D steep slope Shady slope Thin Steep slope, shady slope, thin 0.3553 42 D Steep slope Shady slope Moderate Steep slope, moderate shady slope 0.3478 43 D steep slope Sunny slope Extremely thin Steep slope with extremely thin sunny slope 0.3425 44 D Steep slope Sunny slope Extremely thin The steep slope is very thin 0.3414 45 D steep slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, thin slope 0.3387 46 D Steep slope Half shade half sun slope Thin Steep slope, half shade, half sun, thin slope 0.3379 47 D steep slope Shady slope Extremely thin Steep slope with very thin shady slope 0.3141 48 D In step 2, the aboveground biomass of plants is the aboveground biomass of plants in the plots with the same independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method in the area adjacent to the difficult site and where the vegetation is not damaged; The difficult site is bare land with no aboveground plant biomass, so the aboveground plant biomass of adjacent sites with the same conditions is used to calculate step 2.

[0038] In step 2, when classifying, first determine the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass of the climax community corresponding to each level of the partition except the lowest level. The Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass is recorded as the lower limit fit. The lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass is generally obtained at the boundary position of the partition.

[0039] If the Euclidean fit of a partition is not less than at least one lower limit fit, its level is the level corresponding to the maximum value of the lower limit fits smaller than it; otherwise, it is the lowest level.

[0040] In this embodiment, there are three lower limit fit degrees: 0.5025 (corresponding to aboveground plant biomass of 19.76 kg / m 2 ); Partitions with a European fit not lower than this value are classified as Class A; 0.3967 (corresponding to aboveground plant biomass of 10.32 kg / m2 ); Partitions with a European fit not less than this value and less than 0.5025 are classified as Class B; 0.3746 (corresponding to aboveground plant biomass of 6.94 kg / m 2 ); Partitions with a European fit not less than this value and less than 0.3967 are classified as Class C; partitions with a European fit less than this value are classified as Class D.

[0041] If the plant combination corresponding to the highest-level partition contains at least one tree that can only be transplanted, then when grading in step 2, the partition that is classified as the highest level and whose slope does not belong to the platform will be downgraded by one level.

[0042] The highest level of zones are generally used for certain economic production activities. The uneven terrain of these zones will affect economic production activities, so they need to be lowered to a lower level.

[0043] If the climax community corresponding to the highest-level partition is a tree forest, then in step 2, the partition is divided into four levels, from high to low, recorded as agricultural and forestry land (A), non-economic forest land (B), potential forest land (C), and land without trees (D); In step five, agricultural and forestry land is prepared in the same way as cultivated land and / or economic forest, non-economic forest land and land without trees are not prepared, potential forest land is prepared in the way of fish scale pits, and high molecular water retaining agent is added to the soil.

[0044] Both levels AB can grow trees, but level C has difficulty growing trees before artificial intervention, and level D is also unable to grow trees after artificial intervention.

[0045] In step 4, the proportion of the number of seeds constituting the graded seed is the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community divided by the germination rate; In step five, the graded seeds of different grades of partitions are mixed in equal mass ratio, and shrub seeds accounting for at least 10% of the total mass are additionally added.

[0046] Shrubs are more effective in suppressing soil erosion, and their period of existence is longer during the succession process, so their proportion here is appropriately increased.

[0047] In step 4, the graded seeds of the same grade are mixed and prepared into seed capsules or pelletized seeds, and some plant growth regulators, water retaining agents, and organic fertilizers are added here to improve the survival rate.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for zoning coupled vegetation restoration of arid and barren difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas, which is used for vegetation restoration of arid and barren difficult sites on slopes, where the difficult sites are located in the same vegetation vertical belt spectrum, and is characterized by: The vegetation restoration method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Zoning the same difficult site based on topography and soil properties; Step 2: Classify each partition based on the potential plant aboveground biomass, where the potential plant aboveground biomass is the plant aboveground biomass after the vegetation is fully restored. Partitions of the same level will form the same type of climax community after the vegetation is fully restored, and the smaller the potential plant aboveground biomass, the lower the level; Step 3: Design corresponding plant combinations for each level of partition, and the plant combinations meet the following conditions: Condition 3.1: The plant combination of each level of partition contains all the dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at that level; Condition 3.2: The lowest level of zoning is to design plant assemblages based on climax communities containing the largest proportion of pioneer plants among the dominant species; Condition 3.3: Except for the highest level, the plant combinations in each level are transitional species of the climax community in the higher level; Condition 3.4: All herbaceous plants can be sown from seeds; and if the plant combination of each sub-division includes shrubs, at least one shrub can be sown from seeds; Step 4: Mix the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition according to the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community, and the mixture of the seeds of the seed-sowing plants in each level of partition is recorded as graded seed; Step 5: Take appropriate land preparation measures based on the climax communities corresponding to each partition; mix the graded seeds of the partitions of different levels and sow them in difficult sites, and transplant plants that cannot be sown from seeds.

2. The method for restoring vegetation in arid, barren and difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, a continuous area with consistent slope, aspect and soil thickness is a partition.

3. The method for restoring vegetation in arid and barren difficult sites in soil and rock mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 2, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit with slope, aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass as dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass.

4. The method for zoning-coupled vegetation restoration in arid, barren and difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step 2, the aboveground biomass of plants is the aboveground biomass of plants in the plots with the same independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method in the area adjacent to the difficult site and where the vegetation is not damaged; In step 2, when classifying, first determine the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass of the climax community corresponding to each level of the partition except the lowest level. The Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the plant aboveground biomass is recorded as the lower limit fit. If the Euclidean fit of a partition is not less than at least one lower limit fit, its level is the level corresponding to the maximum value of the lower limit fits smaller than it; otherwise, it is the lowest level.

5. The method for zoning-coupled vegetation restoration in arid, barren and difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas according to claim 4 is characterized by: If the plant combination corresponding to the highest-level partition contains at least one tree that can only be transplanted, then when grading in step 2, the partition that is classified as the highest level and whose slope does not belong to the platform will be downgraded by one level.

6. The method for restoring vegetation in arid and barren difficult sites in soil and rock mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: If the climax community corresponding to the highest-level partition is arbor forest, then in step 2, the partition is divided into four levels, which are recorded as agricultural and forestry land, non-economic forest land, potential forest land, and land without arbor. In step five, agricultural and forestry land is prepared in the same way as cultivated land and / or economic forest, non-economic forest land and land without trees are not prepared, potential forest land is prepared in the way of fish scale pits, and high molecular water retaining agent is added to the soil.

7. The method for restoring vegetation in arid, barren and difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 4, the proportion of the number of seeds constituting the graded seed is the proportion of the number of plants in the climax community divided by the germination rate; In step five, the graded seeds of different grades of partitions are mixed in equal mass ratio, and shrub seeds accounting for at least 10% of the total mass are additionally added.

8. The method for restoring vegetation in arid, barren and difficult sites in rocky mountainous areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 4, the graded seeds of the same grade of partitions are mixed and prepared into seed capsules or pelletized seeds.

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