Rapid prediction method and system for anode voltage drop of fuel cell

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile structure design, and particularly relates to a rapid prediction method and system for fuel cell anode pressure drop, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a flow field structure parameter of a fuel cell stack; calculating the number of index factors for measuring the anode voltage drop loss according to the structure parameters; judging the structural category of a flow channel of a flow field plate, and further acquiring a bend structure parameter and calculating an index factor number of related pressure drop loss for a non-parallel flow field; obtaining operation working conditions and working medium physical property parameters, and calculating auxiliary intermediate variables based on the parameters; and calculating the voltage drop value of the anode runner by using the index factor and the intermediate variable, and evaluating the voltage drop performance of different electric pile structures. The problem that in the prior art, anode voltage drop prediction depends on complex simulation software or a huge data set is solved, and the technical purpose that the anode voltage drop can be rapidly and accurately predicted without external support is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular, relates to a method and system for quickly predicting anode pressure drop of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] In modern fuel cell technology, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have become one of the ideal candidates for green energy devices due to their high energy efficiency and environmentally friendly characteristics. PEMFC uses hydrogen as fuel and converts hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. The only byproduct is water, which truly achieves zero pollution. With the growing global demand for clean energy, PEMFC has great application potential in transportation, power supply and portable power. However, how to achieve efficient operation and performance optimization of fuel cell systems is still one of the important challenges facing current research and industry.

[0003] In the process of fuel cell industrialization, optimizing its performance and reliability is a must, which includes continuous improvement of flow field design, fault diagnosis and control strategy. Anode pressure drop is a key parameter in the operation of fuel cells, which directly affects the reaction efficiency and stack performance. Accurate prediction of anode pressure drop can not only provide guidance for the optimization of flow channel structure, but also be used to improve the stability of the overall system. However, current technical methods have many limitations:

[0004] 1. Limitations of existing flow channel design methods: For example, patent CN117494593A discloses a fuel cell flow channel design method based on model simulation, which requires the use of a two-phase flow solver to process the bipolar plate model, generate simulation data, and then calculate the dimensionless parameter set. Although this method can provide a theoretical basis for optimal design, its calculation process relies on complex simulation software, which is costly and cannot achieve rapid prediction in the early stages of design, increasing R&D time and cost.

[0005] 2. Insufficient machine learning methods: For example, patent CN118133694A introduces a method for bipolar plate flow channel design through machine learning. This technology requires the establishment of a large-scale database and the use of machine learning algorithms to analyze the mapping relationship between flow channel structure and performance. This method relies on the amount and quality of data. If the data is insufficient or unrepresentative, the reliability of the prediction model will be greatly reduced. Therefore, when there is a lack of sufficient historical data, it is difficult to apply to the actual fuel cell design process. In addition, data training and model optimization are also resource-intensive tasks.

[0006] 3. Limitations of other indirect methods for optimizing pressure drop: For example, patent CN114976099A proposes a method for optimizing bipolar plate flow channels based on cooling water pressure drop. This design method determines the rationality of the flow channel design by calculating the cooling water flow rate and its pressure drop. However, it cannot directly provide a specific predicted value of the anode pressure drop, so it cannot be applied to anode flow field fault diagnosis or control strategy optimization, and only has certain practical value in cooling structure optimization.

[0007] In summary, existing technologies usually rely on external software or a large amount of data support, and cannot quickly and accurately predict the anode voltage drop of fuel cells in the absence of software or data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fast prediction method that does not rely on third-party software or large data sets, and can accurately predict the anode voltage drop through simple mathematical calculations, so as to better meet the needs of fuel cell performance optimization and system reliability improvement. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a method and system for quickly predicting the anode voltage drop of a fuel cell. This method is a fast prediction method that does not rely on third-party software or large data sets. It can accurately predict the anode voltage drop through simple mathematical calculations to better meet the needs of optimizing fuel cell performance and improving system reliability.

[0009] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for quickly predicting anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, the method comprising:

[0010] Step S1: obtaining flow field structure parameters of a fuel cell stack;

[0011] Step S2: calculating an index factor number for measuring anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack based on the obtained flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack;

[0012] Step S3: Determine the flow channel structure type of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, directly proceed to step S10; if it is a non-parallel flow field structure, proceed to step S4;

[0013] Step S4: in the case of a non-parallel flow field, obtaining structural parameters of the flow channel bend angle;

[0014] Step S5: Calculating the index factor of the pressure drop loss in the anode flow channel caused by the bend according to the structural parameters of the bend;

[0015] Step S6: Acquire parameters related to the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack;

[0016] Step S7: obtaining the working fluid physical property parameters on the anode side of the fuel cell stack;

[0017] Step S8: Based on the operating parameters obtained in step 6 and the working fluid physical property parameters obtained in step 7, the index factor number and the auxiliary intermediate variables of the index factor number are calculated;

[0018] Step S9: Calculating the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell based on the auxiliary intermediate variable and the calculated index factor;

[0019] Step S10: If the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, determine whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required, if so, proceed to step S11, otherwise proceed to step S12;

[0020] Step S11: Calculating the pressure drop value of the parallel flow field based on the index factor of the pressure drop loss and the auxiliary intermediate variable;

[0021] Step S12: comparing the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channels of the fuel cell stacks to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S1, the structural parameters of the flow field of the fuel cell stack include: the total length of a single flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the hydraulic diameter, the number of single cells in the stack, and the number of flow channels on the anode side of the single cell.

[0023] Further, in step S2, the index factor Y for measuring the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack is t The number is determined by the following formula:

[0024] Y t =L / (A·d 2 ·N cell ·N chal )

[0025] Where: L represents the total length of the flow channel; A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel; d represents the hydraulic diameter; N cell Indicates the number of single batteries; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S3, the parallel flow field and the non-parallel flow field are classified according to the number of bends in the flow channel and the angle of the bends. When the bend angle is greater than a certain value, it is defined as a non-parallel flow field, otherwise it is regarded as a parallel flow field. The value of this value can be determined according to actual production conditions, and the preferred value is 10.

[0027] Further, in step S5, the index factor L for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack is c The number is determined by the following formula:

[0028] L c =i·N cell / (C w ·C d ·Nchal ) 2

[0029] Where: i represents the number of significant bends in the anode flow channel of a single cell; N cell Represents the total number of cells in the fuel cell stack; C w Indicates the width of the flow channel; C d Indicates the depth of the flow channel; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side of a single cell.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S8, the index factor Y t Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers and the index factor L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers Determined by the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Where: 16 represents the constant for adjusting the fluid friction coefficient in fluid mechanics; I represents the stack current; μ total Indicates the viscosity of the mixture; m vap and Represent the molar mass of steam and hydrogen respectively; P vap and Represent the partial pressures of steam and hydrogen respectively; ρ total represents the density of the mixture; F represents the Faraday constant; γ represents the discrete resistance coefficient; ρ represents the fluid density; λ represents the anode stoichiometric ratio.

[0033] Further, in step S9, the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell is determined by the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the voltage drop loss caused by the DC channel; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variable of number; L c It represents the index factor to measure the additional pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the flow channel; Indicates L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

[0036] Further, in step S11, the pressure drop of the parallel flow channels is determined by the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the pressure drop loss caused by parallel flow channels; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

[0039] Further, in step S12, the process of comparing the detailed pressure drop values ​​based on step S9 includes: extracting P from the result of step 9 总 The value of P of different battery stacks 总 For comparison, the larger the value, the greater the voltage drop loss; the simplified voltage drop value comparison process based on step 10 includes: obtaining the Y of the two stacks from step 2 t Value, directly compare Y t The larger the value, the greater the pressure drop loss.

[0040] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a rapid prediction system for anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0041] A parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack;

[0042] An index factor calculation module, used to calculate the index factor number used to measure the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack according to the flow field structure parameters;

[0043] The flow channel structure judgment module is used to judge the flow channel structure type of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, it directly enters the calculation process of the pressure drop prediction module. If it is a non-parallel flow field structure, it enters the processing of the bend structure parameter acquisition module;

[0044] A bend structural parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the structural parameters of the flow channel bend in the case of a non-parallel flow field;

[0045] A bend pressure drop factor calculation module is used to calculate an index factor number for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack according to the bend structural parameters;

[0046] An operating condition parameter acquisition module, used to acquire parameters related to the operating condition of the fuel cell stack;

[0047] A physical property parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the physical property parameters of the working fluid on the anode side of the fuel cell stack;

[0048] Auxiliary variable calculation module, used to calculate the index factor number and auxiliary intermediate variables based on operating parameters and physical property parameters;

[0049] A pressure drop calculation module, used to calculate the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell according to the auxiliary intermediate variable and the index factor;

[0050] A parallel flow field pressure drop judgment module is used to judge whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required when the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, and execute the corresponding calculation process according to the judgment result;

[0051] A parallel flow field pressure drop calculation module is used to calculate the pressure drop of parallel flow channels based on an index factor for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the straight flow channel and an auxiliary intermediate variable;

[0052] The pressure drop performance evaluation module is used to compare the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0054] First, the rapid prediction method of the fuel cell anode pressure drop of the present invention obtains and analyzes the flow field structure parameters, operating conditions and physical property data, accurately calculates the anode pressure drop loss and optimizes the pressure drop analysis process. It does not need to rely on third-party software or large data sets. It can accurately predict the anode pressure drop only through simple mathematical calculations, thereby effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of the pressure drop prediction, supporting flexible response to different flow field structures, and providing a scientific basis for design optimization, reducing energy loss, and improving the overall performance and operating stability of the fuel cell stack, so as to better meet the needs of performance optimization and system reliability improvement.

[0055] Second, in a preferred implementation, the present invention calculates the index factor Y of the anode pressure drop loss through the flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack. t , which can quickly evaluate and compare the pressure drop performance of different design options, helping to optimize the flow field plate design.

[0056] Third, in a preferred implementation, the present invention can simplify or refine the pressure drop calculation process based on the number of bends in the flow channel.

[0057] Fourth, in a preferred implementation, the present invention calculates the pressure drop loss index factor L caused by the bend in the anode flow channel through step S5. c , which can quantify the effect of bend angle on pressure drop and provide data support for optimizing the flow channel geometry, thereby reducing additional pressure drop loss.

[0058] Fifth, in the preferred implementation, the present invention calculates the index factor Y t and L c Auxiliary intermediate variable α Yt and α Lc , the effect of the discrete resistance caused by the along-the-line resistance and the bend angle on the pressure drop can be accurately quantified. This process comprehensively considers the physical properties of the mixed gas and the operating characteristics of the fuel cell stack, and simplifies the complex fluid dynamics analysis.

[0059] Sixth, in a preferred implementation, the present invention divides the pressure drop of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell into the contributions of the straight flow channel and the curved flow channel, and calculates them separately, which can accurately identify and quantify the impact of different structures on the total pressure drop.

[0060] Seventh, in the preferred implementation, the present invention provides a detailed and simplified pressure drop comparison method, which can flexibly select different fuel cell stack structures for pressure drop analysis as needed. This method can not only perform accurate comparisons to optimize the design when needed, but also accelerate the analysis process in early evaluation, improve design efficiency and guide flow field optimization.

[0061] Eighth, the rapid prediction system of the fuel cell anode pressure drop of the present invention uses a modular design to accurately obtain the flow field and operating parameters, and flexibly select the appropriate pressure drop calculation path to achieve efficient evaluation and optimization analysis of the pressure drop loss, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and performance of the fuel cell design, supporting more accurate flow field optimization, reducing energy loss and improving the overall system stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly predicting anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of flow field structure parameters of an anode plate of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural parameters of the bend angle in the flow field of the anode plate of the fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0066] In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined. Terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0068] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "specific embodiments / methods", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples in a suitable manner.

[0069] As the instruction manual Figure 1 The object of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly predicting anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0070] Step S1: Acquire structural parameters of the flow field of the fuel cell stack.

[0071] The purpose of step S1 is to provide an accurate data basis for pressure drop prediction and stack design optimization by measuring and recording the flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack.

[0072] It should be noted that it is composed of multiple single cells stacked in series, and each single cell consists of the following three main parts: anode flow field plate, membrane electrode (MEA) and cathode flow field plate. This design is intended to ensure that hydrogen and oxygen flow to the anode and cathode catalyst layers respectively and complete the electrochemical reaction. Among them, the anode flow field plate is directly connected to the anode catalyst layer of the MEA, and a specially designed flow channel structure is engraved on the flow field plate to guide and distribute hydrogen. Hydrogen is evenly distributed to the surface of the anode catalyst layer through these flow channels, and electrochemical reactions occur under the action of the catalyst to generate electrons and protons. The anode catalyst layer is coated on one side of the electrolyte membrane of the MEA, and hydrogen molecules are decomposed into electrons and protons on the surface of the catalyst layer. Electrons flow through the external circuit to generate current, while protons migrate toward the cathode through the electrolyte membrane. The cathode flow field plate is directly connected to the cathode catalyst layer, and a flow channel structure is also engraved on it, which is specifically used to guide the flow of oxygen or air. Oxygen is evenly distributed to the cathode catalyst layer in the flow channel, and combines with protons conducted from the anode and electrons returned from the external circuit to generate water and release energy. The cathode catalyst layer is coated on the other side of the electrolyte membrane and cooperates with the flow field plate to complete the electrochemical reaction, ensuring that moisture and heat can be discharged in time to maintain the normal operation of the system. The proton exchange membrane is located between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer. Its main function is to conduct protons and prevent electrons from passing through, thereby ensuring that electrons flow through the external circuit and generate usable current.

[0073] The flow field of a fuel cell stack refers to the flow channel structure designed on the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate, which is used to guide and distribute the reaction gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) on the anode and cathode catalyst layers of the fuel cell unit, while effectively removing the moisture and heat generated by the reaction.

[0074] Therefore, obtaining the structural parameters of the fuel cell stack flow field is a key step in predicting pressure drop and optimizing performance. These parameters include: total length of a single flow channel, flow channel cross-sectional area, hydraulic diameter, number of cells in the stack, and number of flow channels on the anode side of a single cell.

[0075] Specifically, the total length L of a single flow channel refers to the complete path length of a single flow channel from inlet to outlet, including all straight and curved parts, usually in meters (m). It can be obtained from data provided by the supplier or directly measured. The measurement should be carried out along the actual flow path using precision measuring tools such as a ruler or vernier caliper.

[0076] The cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel A is usually expressed in square meters (m 2 ) as a unit. The cross-sectional shapes of the flow channels on the anode flow field plate and cathode flow field plate or bipolar plate include rectangular cross-section, trapezoidal cross-section, semicircular or arc cross-section, wedge-shaped cross-section, etc. Among them, the rectangular cross-section is the most common cross-sectional shape of the flow channel, with a flat top and bottom, and vertical side walls. For a rectangular flow channel, the calculation formula is width multiplied by depth. Use precise measuring tools, such as a vernier caliper or micrometer screw, to measure the width and depth of the flow channel and calculate the cross-sectional area. If necessary, perform multiple measurements and take the average value to improve accuracy.

[0077] The hydraulic diameter d is a parameter of the flow channel characteristics, which is used to calculate the pressure drop and fluid dynamics analysis. The cross-sectional area and wetted perimeter (i.e. the perimeter of the fluid in contact with the boundary of the flow channel section) are calculated based on the measured flow channel width and depth, and then substituted into the formula to calculate the hydraulic diameter. For a rectangular cross-section flow channel, the hydraulic diameter calculation formula is:

[0078] d=(4×A) / P (1)

[0079] Where: A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel; P represents the wet perimeter (for flow channel sections of different shapes, the calculation method of the wet perimeter is different, and the wet perimeter of the rectangular cross-sectional flow channel is 2×(W+H)).

[0080] Number of cells in the battery stack N cell Refers to the number of cells stacked in a fuel cell stack, usually an integer. Obtained directly from the technical data or design drawings provided by the supplier.

[0081] Number of flow channels on the anode side of a single cell N chal Refers to the number of flow channels on the anode side of each single cell, which affects gas distribution and pressure drop. This number can be read from the design drawings or confirmed by actual observation.

[0082] Step S2: Based on the obtained flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack, calculate the index factor Y used to measure the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack t number.

[0083] Specifically, in order to quickly predict and compare the anode pressure drop of different fuel cell stacks, this step proposes an innovative measurement method, namely the "new indicator factor Y t Number".Y t The physical meaning of the number is to characterize the magnitude of the parallel flow field anode voltage drop. By calculating this value, the pressure drop losses of different battery stack structures can be effectively compared to assist in design optimization.

[0084] Y t The number indicates the relative magnitude of the anode voltage drop loss under the same operating conditions. t The larger the number, the more significant the anode voltage drop loss; t The smaller the number, the smaller the pressure drop loss. t The Y-number is an important tool for analyzing and comparing the performance of flow field design solutions, especially in the initial stage of stack design, which can help engineers optimize the flow field design. t Depending on the size of the number, engineers can adjust the flow path length, cross-sectional area or optimize the hydraulic diameter to improve the overall performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0085] As the instruction manual Figure 2 , Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the flow field structure parameters of the anode plate of the fuel cell stack is shown. The index factor Y that measures the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack t The number is determined by the following formula:

[0086] Y t =L / (A·d 2 ·N cell ·N chal ) (2)

[0087] Where: L represents the total length of the flow channel; A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel; d represents the hydraulic diameter; N cell Indicates the number of single batteries; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side.

[0088] It can be seen from formula (2) that the longer the flow channel length, the greater the pressure drop loss during the gas flow process. The larger the flow channel cross-sectional area, the smaller the fluid resistance, so the pressure drop loss is reduced. The larger the hydraulic diameter, the smaller the gas flow resistance, and the pressure drop loss is reduced. The more stacked cells, the smaller the pressure drop contribution of each cell. The more flow channels there are, the less gas flow is shared by each flow channel, and the flow resistance and pressure drop loss are smaller. Therefore, when the calculated Y t When the number is large, it indicates that the pressure drop loss is large. You can try to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel or optimize the hydraulic diameter to reduce the pressure drop, and increase the number of flow channels on the anode side N. chal It can effectively improve gas distribution and reduce pressure drop loss.

[0089] Step S3: Determine the flow channel structure type of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, directly proceed to step S10; if it is a non-parallel flow field structure, proceed to step S4.

[0090] It should be noted that even if the flow field plate is a parallel flow field, step S4 can still be performed if calculation accuracy is required or there are many bends in the flow field. The purpose of step S3 is to select a suitable calculation path according to the structural characteristics of the flow field plate to optimize the efficiency and accuracy of the pressure drop prediction method.

[0091] Specifically, the flow field plate divides the flow channel into parallel flow field and non-parallel flow field based on the geometric structure of the flow channel and the flow characteristics of the fluid in the flow channel. A parallel flow field refers to a flow channel that is mainly composed of straight segments, the gas flow path is parallel and smooth, there are fewer bends or corners in the flow channel, or the angle of the bend is small, which will not significantly affect the flow direction and flow resistance of the gas. Parallel flow fields are usually used to design simpler fuel cell stacks to reduce gas flow resistance and pressure drop. A non-parallel flow field refers to a flow channel that contains multiple significant bends or complex curved paths (such as a serpentine flow field), and the gas flow direction changes frequently, resulting in additional flow resistance and pressure drop. The non-parallel flow field design is used to improve the uniformity of gas distribution and the reaction efficiency of the catalyst layer, but the calculation complexity is high.

[0092] The present invention determines it by the number of bends in the flow channel and the cumulative angle of the bends. When the number of significant bends contained in the flow channel reaches or exceeds 10, it can be classified as a non-parallel flow field. Significant bends refer to bends with an angle greater than 30 degrees, which usually have a significant impact on the gas flow direction and flow resistance. If the cumulative angle of all bends exceeds 360 degrees (i.e., a complete circular angle), it can also be further confirmed as a non-parallel flow field. This standard is used to measure the overall degree of tortuosity of the flow channel and serves as an auxiliary basis for judgment.

[0093] The specific operation method is: using design drawings, 3D models or actual flow field plate structures as input, use CAD software or 3D modeling tools to display the path of the flow channel, and mark straight segments and bend segments. Mark each bend in the flow channel one by one and record its number. Significant bends must meet the standard of an angle greater than 30 degrees. Calculate the cumulative angle of all bends. If the cumulative angle exceeds 360 degrees, it is further confirmed as a non-parallel flow field. When the number of significant bends is less than 10, and the cumulative bend angle is less than 360 degrees, it is determined to be a parallel flow field, and the simplified calculation path step S10 can be directly executed. When the number of significant bends reaches or exceeds 10, or the cumulative bend angle exceeds 360 degrees, it is determined to be a non-parallel flow field, and the complex calculation path step S4 is executed.

[0094] For example: according to the specific operation method of this step, the significant bends and the number of significant bends of the flow channel of the flow field plate are calculated. If the number of significant bends in the flow channel is 6, each bend angle is 20 degrees, the total is 120 degrees, and the flow channel path is mainly a long straight line segment, it can be determined as a parallel flow field, and the pressure drop calculation is simplified. If the number of significant bends in the flow channel is 12, each bend angle is 45 degrees, and the total is 540 degrees, it can be determined as a non-parallel flow field, and complex calculations are required.

[0095] Step S4: In the case of a non-parallel flow field, obtaining structural parameters of the flow channel bend angle.

[0096] The purpose of step S4 is to obtain and calculate the structural parameters related to the channel bend angle to further analyze the influence of the bend angle on the flow resistance and pressure drop. Obtaining these parameters is the basis for the subsequent calculation of the new index factor L c The additional pressure drop loss caused by the bend is accurately evaluated based on the number.

[0097] The bend structure parameters include: the number of bends in the anode flow channel in a single cell, the channel width and the channel depth.

[0098] Specifically, the number of bends in the anode flow channel in a single cell refers to the total number of all significant bends in the anode flow channel in the single cell. Using CAD software or 3D modeling tools to assist, mark each bend one by one on the design drawing, and count the total number of significant bends i.

[0099] Flow channel width C w Refers to the lateral width of the flow channel, usually in meters (m), used to calculate the flow channel cross-section and flow resistance. The width of the flow channel can be measured using a precision vernier caliper, ensuring that the measurement points are evenly distributed and taking the average value to reduce errors.

[0100] Channel depth C d Refers to the vertical depth of the flow channel, which together with the flow channel width determines the cross-sectional area and hydraulic characteristics of the flow channel. The flow channel depth can be measured using a depth measurement tool or a high-precision measuring instrument. Take multiple measurements and record the average value.

[0101] Step S5: Calculate the index factor L of the pressure drop loss in the anode flow channel caused by the bend according to the structural parameters of the bend c number.

[0102] The purpose of step S5 is to calculate L c The additional pressure drop loss caused by the change of direction of the fluid at the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack is quantified and evaluated. c The data focuses on the contribution of turns to gas flow resistance, providing designers with a basis for optimizing the flow channel geometry, thereby reducing energy losses and improving the overall efficiency of the fuel cell stack. cThe number L is another important indicator factor for measuring the anode pressure drop of the fuel cell stack innovatively proposed by the present invention, which specifically characterizes the effect of the bend in the flow channel on the pressure drop. When the flow channel contains multiple significant bends, the gas flow direction changes frequently, generating additional resistance and causing an increase in pressure drop. c The larger the number, the more significant the contribution of the bend angle to the pressure drop.

[0103] As the instruction manual Figure 3 , Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structural parameters of the bend in the flow field of the anode plate of the fuel cell stack is shown. The index factor L that measures the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack c The number is determined by the following formula:

[0104] L c =i·N cell / (C w ·C d ·N chal ) 2 (3)

[0105] Where: i represents the number of significant bends in the anode flow channel of a single cell; N cell Represents the total number of cells in the fuel cell stack; C w Indicates the width of the flow channel; C d Indicates the depth of the flow channel; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side of a single cell.

[0106] From formula (3), we can see that when the number of bends increases, L c The larger the value, the more bends there are, and the greater the additional pressure drop loss caused by the bends. Therefore, in the flow channel design, the number of significant bends should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the pressure drop loss. cell When L increases c The value increases, which indicates that as the number of single cells increases, the pressure drop loss effect caused by the bends in the entire battery stack accumulates and increases. Therefore, when increasing the number of single cells, special attention should be paid to the optimization of the flow channel design. Flow channel width C w , Depth C d and the number of anode side channels N chal In the form of square, when any of these parameters increases, L c The smaller the value, the larger the channel size or the more channels on the anode side, the smaller the pressure drop loss. Optimizing the channel width and depth and increasing the number of channels can effectively reduce the pressure drop loss caused by bends.

[0107] Step S6: Obtain parameters related to the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack.

[0108] The purpose of step S6 is to obtain and define key parameters related to the fuel cell stack operating conditions, which directly affect the calculation of fluid dynamics and anode pressure drop. The operating parameters include stack current, anode stoichiometric ratio, saturated vapor pressure, and hydrogen partial pressure. Accurately measuring and obtaining these parameters is crucial for subsequent pressure drop calculations and optimizing fuel cell performance.

[0109] Specifically, the stack current I refers to the current output by the fuel cell stack during operation. This parameter reflects the electrochemical reaction rate and affects the hydrogen consumption rate and fluid dynamics. Use a high-precision current sensor or ammeter to monitor the stack current in real time, set a suitable sampling frequency (for example, once per second) to capture the dynamic characteristics of current changes, and record current changes under different operating conditions, such as startup, stable operation, and high load conditions. If the design stage is a theoretical calculation, it can be estimated based on the load requirements and application scenarios of the fuel cell stack.

[0110] The anode stoichiometric ratio λ is the ratio of hydrogen supply to actual demand, which affects the anode reaction efficiency and gas flow stability. Ensuring λ>1 can prevent insufficient hydrogen supply. A higher stoichiometric ratio can reduce anode gas shortage, but it will increase system complexity and energy consumption. In actual operation, a mass flow controller (MFC) is used to accurately control and measure the hydrogen flow. By recording the hydrogen flow at different current outputs, the stoichiometric ratio is ensured to be maintained within the design range. During the design stage, the appropriate stoichiometric ratio can be selected according to performance requirements.

[0111] Saturated vapor pressure is the pressure generated by vapor in a hydrogen fluid environment and is significantly affected by temperature. Saturated vapor pressure affects the degree of wetting of the gas in the flow channel, which in turn affects pressure drop and water management performance. Depending on the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack, it can be measured in real time by consulting a standard vapor pressure gauge or using a sensor.

[0112] Hydrogen partial pressure It is the partial pressure of hydrogen on the anode side, which affects the hydrogen transmission rate and electrochemical reaction efficiency. A higher hydrogen partial pressure is usually beneficial to improve the reaction efficiency, but it also affects the pressure drop. In the actual system, the hydrogen partial pressure at the anode inlet can be measured by a pressure sensor to ensure real-time monitoring. If it is in the design stage, it is estimated and set according to the anode gas supply conditions and system requirements.

[0113] Step S7: Obtaining the physical property parameters of the working fluid on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0114] The purpose of step S7 is to obtain the key physical parameters of the working fluid (hydrogen or hydrogen steam mixture) on the anode side of the fuel cell stack, including viscosity, molar mass, density and discrete resistance coefficient. These parameters directly affect the gas flow characteristics and pressure drop loss analysis, and are crucial for accurately calculating the anode pressure drop.

[0115] Specifically, the viscosity of hydrogen (or hydrogen vapor mixture) is μ total Refers to the viscous resistance of hydrogen or hydrogen vapor mixture, which affects the flow resistance and pressure drop loss of the gas in the flow channel. The acquisition methods include experimental measurement or table lookup method. The experimental measurement can use a viscometer to measure the viscosity of hydrogen or hydrogen vapor mixture, especially under different temperature and pressure conditions to adapt to the operating environment of the fuel cell stack. The table lookup method is to obtain the viscosity value by consulting the fluid physical property manual or using professional chemical software (such as Aspen, COMSOL) at known temperature and pressure.

[0116] The molar mass of hydrogen is m H2 is the molecular weight of pure hydrogen and is used to calculate the total molar mass of a gas mixture. The standard molar mass of hydrogen, 2.016 g / mol, can be used directly.

[0117] Molar mass of steam m vap It is the molecular weight of steam and is used for calculations of hydrogen and steam mixtures. The standard molar mass of water vapor, 18.015 g / mol, can be used directly.

[0118] The density of hydrogen (or hydrogen vapor mixture) ρ total It is the density of hydrogen or hydrogen vapor mixture, which affects the gas flow characteristics and dynamic behavior. The total density can be calculated based on the ideal gas equation or the physical properties of the mixed gas:

[0119]

[0120] Where: P represents the gas pressure; M represents the total molar mass of the gas; R represents the ideal gas constant; T represents the absolute temperature of the gas.

[0121] You can also use the table lookup method to obtain the density value from the fluid properties handbook under common operating conditions.

[0122] The discrete resistance coefficient γ is used to characterize the additional resistance generated by the shape of the flow channel and the surface roughness in the gas flow. The acquisition methods include experimental determination, numerical simulation and empirical value. The experimental determination is to determine the discrete resistance coefficient by conducting fluid dynamics experimental measurements in a specific flow channel; numerical simulation: numerical simulation is to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to simulate the gas flow behavior in the flow channel and calculate the resistance coefficient γ; empirical value: researchers in this field can perform empirical value selection based on the values ​​taken in previous research and development designs.

[0123] Step S8: Calculate the index factor Y based on the operating parameters obtained in step 6 and the working fluid physical parameters obtained in step 7 t Number and index factor L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

[0124] The purpose of step S8 is to provide necessary input data for the subsequent calculation of specific pressure drop values ​​by calculating auxiliary intermediate variables. These auxiliary variables combine the flow characteristics and pressure drop loss of the gas, simplifying the complex physical phenomena into numerical expressions, thereby making the analysis, optimization and design processes more convenient and accurate.

[0125] Auxiliary intermediate variables include and They are respectively related to the viscous resistance and discrete resistance of the fluid. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] Where: 16 represents the constant for adjusting the fluid friction coefficient in fluid mechanics (used to normalize physical quantities related to gas flow to ensure that the calculated results are consistent with experimental data); I represents the stack current; μ total Indicates the viscosity of the mixture; m vap and Represent the molar mass of steam and hydrogen respectively; P vap and Represent the partial pressures of steam and hydrogen respectively; ρ total represents the density of the mixture; F represents the Faraday constant; γ represents the discrete resistance coefficient; ρ represents the fluid density; λ represents the anode stoichiometric ratio.

[0129] From formula (5), we can see that the viscosity μ total Combined with the current I, it is a measure of the contribution of the fluid's internal friction to the pressure drop. This term is used to describe the actual flow rate of the mixed gas, which can dynamically adapt to the impact of different operating conditions (such as current changes) on the pressure drop. This method helps to improve the flexibility and accuracy of the calculation and is suitable for analysis under various operating conditions. By taking into account the characteristics of steam and hydrogen, the actual flow behavior of the mixture can be simulated more accurately, helping to optimize the water management system and prevent water blockage or water shortage. Density ρ total The introduction of helps to more accurately evaluate the impact of mixed fluid inertia on system stability. The denser the mixture, the greater the flow resistance. The introduction of this parameter can better predict the pressure drop behavior under different loads and avoid system instability.

[0130] As can be seen from formula (6), the introduction of the discrete resistance coefficient γ can simulate the influence of the actual flow channel geometry and surface roughness on the gas flow. This method makes the calculation closer to the actual working conditions, can more accurately reflect the pressure drop loss under non-ideal flow conditions, and provide strong support for optimizing the flow channel geometry. By adjusting the γ value, the influence of different flow channel designs on the pressure drop can be analyzed, which helps to select the optimal flow channel structure and improve the overall performance. The stoichiometric ratio λ is used to measure whether the hydrogen supply is sufficient to help designers ensure that the electrochemical reaction can proceed fully. This can avoid performance degradation due to insufficient hydrogen supply, and also help reduce unnecessary hydrogen waste. The nonlinear term in the formula The introduction of can capture complex gas dynamics behavior. This can better adapt to dynamic and complex working conditions and provide data support for the stable operation of the system under different conditions. The square term enhances the sensitivity to pressure drop changes and can refine the analysis of fluid dynamics effects, thereby improving the accuracy of design and control.

[0131] Step S9: Calculate the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell based on the auxiliary intermediate variable and the calculated index factor.

[0132] The purpose of step S9 is to provide a direct basis for judging and comparing the pressure drop performance of different flow field plate designs based on the calculated specific pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell.

[0133] The pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell is determined by the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the voltage drop loss caused by the DC channel; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variable of number; L c It represents the index factor to measure the additional pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the flow channel; Indicates L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

[0136] In formula (7), The voltage drop contribution of the DC channel can be obtained by The pressure drop contribution of the channel bend can be obtained. 总 The numerical value of the flow field plate can be used to identify the design scheme with large pressure drop loss, providing a specific direction for the next step of optimizing the flow field plate.

[0137] Step S10: If the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, determine whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required, if so, proceed to step S11, otherwise proceed to step S12.

[0138] The purpose of step S10 is to determine whether it is necessary to perform a prediction calculation of a specific pressure drop value according to the structural characteristics of the flow field plate, thereby simplifying the calculation process or accurately performing pressure drop analysis. This process helps optimize computing resources, improves computing efficiency, and provides flexible analysis options to adapt to different flow field plate design requirements.

[0139] Specifically, when the flow field plate is a parallel structure, that is, the flow channel is composed of straight segments, the number of bends is small or the turning angle is small, the pressure drop loss mainly comes from the straight channel, and there is no need to consider the additional pressure drop caused by the elbow. If the user or design requirements do not require detailed pressure drop values, only the relative size needs to be judged, then directly execute step 12 to compare the pressure drop sizes of the two stacks. This situation is suitable for quickly evaluating the relative advantages and disadvantages of different schemes in the early design stage of the fuel cell stack and shortening the analysis time. If the user or design requirements require precise pressure drop values, continue to step 11 for specific numerical calculations. This situation is suitable for detailed performance optimization of the fuel cell stack to ensure the stability and efficiency of the flow channel design under all working conditions.

[0140] Step S11: Calculate the pressure drop value of the parallel flow field based on the index factor of the pressure drop loss and the auxiliary intermediate variable.

[0141] The voltage drop in the DC channel is determined by the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the voltage drop loss caused by the DC channel; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

[0144] Step S12: comparing the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channels of the fuel cell stacks to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

[0145] Specifically, the detailed pressure drop value comparison process based on step S9 includes: extracting P from the result of step 9 总 The value of P of different battery stacks 总 For comparison, the larger the value, the greater the pressure drop loss. Based on the comparison results, determine which design has a lower pressure drop, and then choose a better design or further optimize the high pressure drop solution.

[0146] The simplified voltage drop value comparison process based on step 10 includes: obtaining the Y of the two stacks from step 2 t Value, directly compare Y tThe larger the value, the greater the pressure drop loss. This method significantly improves the comparison speed and is suitable for rapid evaluation or preliminary design stages, especially when dealing with pressure drop analysis of simple parallel flow fields.

[0147] Another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid prediction system for anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0148] The parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack.

[0149] The index factor calculation module is used to calculate the index factor number used to measure the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack according to the flow field structure parameters.

[0150] The flow channel structure judgment module is used to judge the flow channel structure category of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, it directly enters the calculation process of the pressure drop prediction module. If it is a non-parallel flow field structure, it enters the processing of the bend structure parameter acquisition module.

[0151] The bend angle structural parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the structural parameters of the flow channel bend angle in the case of a non-parallel flow field.

[0152] The bend pressure drop factor calculation module is used to calculate the index factor number for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack according to the bend structural parameters.

[0153] The operating condition parameter acquisition module is used to obtain parameters related to the operating condition of the fuel cell stack.

[0154] The physical property parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the physical property parameters of the working fluid on the anode side of the fuel cell stack.

[0155] The auxiliary variable calculation module is used to calculate the index factor number and auxiliary intermediate variables based on the operating parameters and physical property parameters.

[0156] The pressure drop calculation module is used to calculate the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell based on the auxiliary intermediate variables and the index factor.

[0157] The parallel flow field pressure drop judgment module is used to judge whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required when the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, and execute the corresponding calculation process according to the judgment result.

[0158] The parallel flow field pressure drop calculation module is used to calculate the pressure drop of the parallel flow channel based on the index factor and auxiliary intermediate variables for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the straight flow channel.

[0159] The pressure drop performance evaluation module is used to compare the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

[0160] Example 1

[0161] In this embodiment, the fuel cell stack is composed of 50 cells stacked in series for transportation purposes with high-efficiency energy output. The stack operating parameters include the rated stack current I of 200A, the anode stoichiometric ratio λ of 1.5, the operating temperature of 70°C, and the saturated steam pressure P vap 0.03MPa, hydrogen partial pressure 0.1MPa. Each single cell is equipped with an anode flow field plate to guide and distribute the flow of hydrogen and cooperate with the catalyst layer to achieve efficient electrochemical reaction. This example uses a rectangular cross-section straight channel structure to reduce pressure drop loss and improve gas distribution uniformity. The prediction is made according to the rapid prediction method of fuel cell anode pressure drop.

[0162] First, the structural parameters of the flow field of the fuel cell stack are obtained. In this embodiment, the total length of each flow channel is 1.5 meters (1500 mm), and the measurement path includes all straight lines and necessary bends to ensure that the gas can flow smoothly to the anode catalyst layer. The flow channel width W is 2 mm, and the flow channel depth H is 1 mm. The flow channel cross-sectional area A = W × H = 2 × 10 -6 m 2 For a rectangular cross-section flow channel, the wet perimeter P = 2 × (W + H) = 6 × 10 -3 m, hydraulic diameter d = 4 × A / P = 1.33 × 10 -3 m. The anode side of each single cell is designed with 25 parallel flow channels, evenly distributed on the flow field plate, to balance the hydrogen distribution and reduce pressure drop loss. The number of single cells in the fuel cell stack is 50.

[0163] The measured parameters are used to calculate and obtain the index factor Y used to measure the voltage drop caused by the DC channel. t number, providing a basis for design optimization. In this embodiment, since the flow channel is designed as a linear structure, the number of significant bends is small (less than 10), and the turning angle is also within 30 degrees, a simplified path is used for pressure drop prediction. If the pressure drop loss is large, the cross-sectional area A can be increased by increasing the flow channel width W or depth H, or the hydraulic diameter d can be optimized. If further optimization is required, the gas flow rate can be apportioned and the flow resistance can be reduced by increasing the number of flow channels on the anode side of the single cell. This embodiment provides a specific direction for optimizing the design of the anode flow field plate through precise flow channel parameter measurement and pressure drop calculation, which helps reduce energy loss and improve the overall performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0164] The invention discloses a method and system for quickly predicting the anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, which can accurately evaluate the pressure drop loss through simple mathematical calculations, thereby improving the prediction efficiency and accuracy. The method comprehensively analyzes the flow field parameters, operating conditions and physical property data, quantifies the pressure drop contribution of straight and curved flow channels, supports flexible selection of detailed or simplified analysis paths, and provides a scientific basis for optimizing the flow field design, thereby reducing energy loss and improving system stability.

[0165] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A method for quickly predicting anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, characterized in that: Methods include: Step S1: obtaining flow field structure parameters of a fuel cell stack; Step S2: Based on the obtained flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack, calculate the index factor Y used to measure the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack t number; Step S3: Determine the flow channel structure type of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, directly proceed to step S10; if it is a non-parallel flow field structure, proceed to step S4; Step S4: in the case of a non-parallel flow field, obtaining structural parameters of the flow channel bend angle; Step S5: Calculate the index factor L of the pressure drop loss in the anode flow channel caused by the bend according to the structural parameters of the bend c number; Step S6: Acquire parameters related to the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack; Step S7: obtaining the working fluid physical property parameters on the anode side of the fuel cell stack; Step S8: Calculate the index factor Y based on the operating parameters obtained in step 6 and the working fluid physical parameters obtained in step 7 t Number and index factor L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers; Step S9: Calculating the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell based on the auxiliary intermediate variable and the calculated index factor; Step S10: If the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, determine whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required, if so, proceed to step S11, otherwise proceed to step S12; Step S11: Calculating the pressure drop value of the parallel flow field based on the index factor of the pressure drop loss and the auxiliary intermediate variable; Step S12: comparing the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channels of the fuel cell stacks to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

2. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the structural parameters of the flow field of the fuel cell stack include: the total length of a single flow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the hydraulic diameter, the number of single cells in the stack, and the number of flow channels on the anode side of the single cell.

3. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the index factor Y for measuring the anode voltage drop loss of the fuel cell stack is t The number is determined by the following formula: Y t =L / (A·d 2 ·N cell ·N chal ) Where: L represents the total length of the flow channel; A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel; d represents the hydraulic diameter; N cell Indicates the number of single batteries; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side.

4. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the parallel flow field and the non-parallel flow field are classified according to the number of bends and the angles of the bends in the flow channel.

5. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the index factor L for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack is c The number is determined by the following formula: L c =i·N cell / (C w ·C d ·N chal ) 2 Where: i represents the number of significant bends in the anode flow channel of a single cell; N cell Represents the total number of cells in the fuel cell stack; C w Indicates the width of the flow channel; C d Indicates the depth of the flow channel; N chal Indicates the number of flow channels on the anode side of a single cell.

6. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, the index factor Y t Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers and the index factor L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers Determined by the following formula: Where: 16 represents the constant for adjusting the fluid friction coefficient in fluid mechanics; I represents the stack current; μ total Indicates the viscosity of the mixture; m vap and Represent the molar mass of steam and hydrogen respectively; P vap and Represent the partial pressures of steam and hydrogen respectively; ρ total represents the density of the mixture; F represents the Faraday constant; γ represents the discrete resistance coefficient; ρ represents the fluid density; λ represents the anode stoichiometric ratio.

7. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell is determined by the following formula: Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the voltage drop loss caused by the DC channel; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variable of number; L c It represents the index factor to measure the additional pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the flow channel; Indicates L c Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

8. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S11, the pressure drop value of the parallel flow channel is determined by the following formula: Where: Y t It represents the index factor to measure the pressure drop loss caused by parallel flow channels; Represents Y t Auxiliary intermediate variables of numbers.

9. The method for rapid prediction of anode pressure drop of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the detailed pressure drop value comparison process based on step S9 includes: extracting P from the result of step 9 总 The value of P of different battery stacks 总 For comparison, the larger the value, the greater the voltage drop loss; the simplified voltage drop value comparison process based on step 10 includes: obtaining the Y of the two stacks from step 2 t Value, directly compare Y t The larger the value, the greater the pressure drop loss.

10. A rapid prediction system for anode pressure drop of a fuel cell, characterized in that: include: A parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the flow field structure parameters of the fuel cell stack; An index factor calculation module, used to calculate the index factor number used to measure the anode pressure drop loss of the fuel cell stack according to the flow field structure parameters; The flow channel structure judgment module is used to judge the flow channel structure type of the flow field plate. If it is a parallel flow field structure, it directly enters the calculation process of the pressure drop prediction module. If it is a non-parallel flow field structure, it enters the processing of the bend structure parameter acquisition module; A bend structural parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the structural parameters of the flow channel bend in the case of a non-parallel flow field; A bend pressure drop factor calculation module is used to calculate an index factor number for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the bend in the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack according to the bend structural parameters; An operating condition parameter acquisition module, used to acquire parameters related to the operating condition of the fuel cell stack; A physical property parameter acquisition module, used to obtain the physical property parameters of the working fluid on the anode side of the fuel cell stack; Auxiliary variable calculation module, used to calculate the index factor number and auxiliary intermediate variables based on operating parameters and physical property parameters; A pressure drop calculation module, used to calculate the pressure drop value of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell according to the auxiliary intermediate variable and the index factor; A parallel flow field pressure drop judgment module is used to judge whether pressure drop prediction calculation is required when the flow channel is a parallel flow field structure, and execute the corresponding calculation process according to the judgment result; A parallel flow field pressure drop calculation module is used to calculate the pressure drop of parallel flow channels based on an index factor for measuring the pressure drop loss caused by the straight flow channel and an auxiliary intermediate variable; The pressure drop performance evaluation module is used to compare the pressure drop values ​​of the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack to evaluate the pressure drop performance of different fuel cell stack structures under various operating conditions.

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