Mud dice breeding and breeding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mud dice breeding, and particularly discloses a mud dice breeding and breeding method which comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting a site of a mud dice breeding farm; 2, building a culture pond; building a culture pond according to the terrain, including ditching, ridging, soil turning and leveling, and burying a water inlet and drainage pipeline on the mud flat; 3, cleaning the pond and applying a base fertilizer; 4, fry stocking; step 5, breeding management; according to the method, the acre yield of mud dice culture can be increased, the weight of a single mud dice is increased, the death rate and the disease and pest rate are reduced, the income is increased, the reproduction rate of the mud dice can be increased, the method is very simple in the mud dice culture process, and enemies can be prevented from entering the culture pond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mudskipper breeding, and in particular to a mudskipper breeding and breeding method. Background Art

[0002] Mud trevally, scientifically known as Phascolosoma esculenta, belongs to the phylum Echinozoa, class Phascolosoma, order Phascolosoma, family Phascolostomidae, and is distributed in muddy coastal beaches. Mud trevally is delicious, nutritious, and a tonic treasure with high economic value. It has a large market demand and is in short supply. Mud trevally is prone to diseases and insect pests such as hematogenous frost and pythium during breeding, resulting in a high mortality rate of mud trevally and high breeding costs. In addition, the existing breeding methods cannot increase the individual weight of mud trevally, nor can they increase the per-acre yield of mud trevally, nor can they improve the breeding rate of mud trevally. Therefore, a method for breeding and cultivating mud trevally is provided. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding and cultivating mudskippers in view of the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for breeding and raising mudskippers, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0005] Step 1: Site selection for mud ding farm;

[0006] Choose a muddy and sandy beach with a pH value of 7.5 to 8.5, a salinity of 5 to 22, a water temperature of 18 to 29°C, sheltered from wind and waves, and convenient for tidal drainage;

[0007] Step 2: Construction of breeding ponds: Building breeding ponds according to the terrain, including digging trenches and ridges on the tidal flats, turning the soil and leveling it, and burying water inlet and outlet pipes;

[0008] Step 3: Clean the pond and apply basal fertilizer;

[0009] Before stocking, bleaching powder (150 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond, or quicklime (1125 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond while it is still hot, and then exposed to high temperature to kill germs, remove harmful organisms and improve the bottom quality. One week after the pond is cleaned, water is added to the beach surface to a water level of 10 cm, and 4500 kg of fermented farmyard manure is applied per hectare and evenly spread on the breeding field.

[0010] The fermented farmyard manure includes 20-35 parts of animal manure, 28-35 parts of fermented compost of food waste, 20-30 parts of insects and zooplankton, 10-15 parts of corn residue, 2-6 parts of oxalic acid, 12-16 parts of activated carbon, 4-6 parts of yeast, 7-10 parts of animal bone meal, 4-8 parts of cake fertilizer, and 6-8 parts of plant ash;

[0011] Step 4: Stocking of seedlings;

[0012] Select natural seedlings, the specification of seedlings is 700-1000 pieces / kg. When purchasing, select intact, undamaged, vigorous, flexible, and light brown insect bodies, and avoid purchasing seedlings soaked in seawater or even fresh water. The seedlings collected on the same day are released at 350 kg / mu, and the seedlings are evenly sown on the surface of the pond to allow them to naturally drill into the mud.

[0013] Step 5: Farming management;

[0014] Step 51: Fertilization and feeding; after the seedlings are released, the mud dicers are judged to see whether they have adapted to the environment according to the morphology of the holes in the pond. One and a half months after the seedlings are released, biological fertilizers and oxalic acid are applied, and the oxalic acid and biological fertilizers are added in a ratio of 1:9;

[0015] Step 52: water storage and dew drying;

[0016] During the breeding period of mud minnows, the surface of the pond needs to be kept moist; choose to dry it out during the hot noon, and store water in the evening to facilitate the mud minnows to come out of the cave to find food. The water storage time is 3-4 hours;

[0017] Step 53: adjusting the salinity of the pool water;

[0018] In the early stage of aquaculture, the salinity of the pond water is controlled above 15, and the salinity is appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages to facilitate the rapid growth of mud shrimp; the water level is raised during typhoons or rainstorms to prevent excessive changes in the salinity of the pond water. After the rain, the pond water is drained in time and fresh seawater with appropriate salinity is injected;

[0019] Step 54: Pest control: A gate and filter should be installed at the water inlet of the breeding pond to prevent fish, shrimp and crabs from entering the breeding pond with the tide.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of the cultivation pond construction in step 2 are as follows:

[0021] Step 21: Turn the soil: Use a sea hoe and a four-toothed rake to turn the mudflat to a depth of 20 to 25 cm;

[0022] Step 22: Soaking: After turning the soil, drain it into seawater and soak it for 1-2 days until the soil becomes soft, then drain the seawater;

[0023] Step 23: Raking the soil: Use a dense-toothed rake to rake and comb the mudflats to make the soil fine and knot-free;

[0024] Step 24: Level the court: Use a hoe to flatten and smooth the court surface, and pile it up from the periphery to the center to form a "road shape" with a width of 1.2m. Form a 20-30cm wide and 20cm deep ditch around the court surface to ensure that there is no water accumulation on the court surface;

[0025] Step 25: Bury water supply and drainage pipes in the constructed breeding pond.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the biofertilizer applied in step 51 is fermented organic fertilizer, fish fertilizer, soybean powder, bran, and the amount of fertilizer applied is adjusted according to seasonal water temperature and soil fertility.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the criterion for judging whether the mud has adapted to the environment in step 51 is: if the mud hole is a vertical hole, it indicates that it has fully adapted, and if the mud hole is a horizontal hole, it indicates that it has not yet fully adapted.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of fermented farmyard manure in step 3 is as follows:

[0029] Step 31: Mix animal manure, insects and zooplankton, corn residue, activated carbon, yeast, animal bone meal, cake fertilizer and wood ash in proportion.

[0030] Step 32: Pile the mixed raw materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an unlimited length. The pile should be full and covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist;

[0031] Step 33: Turn the pile regularly: Turn the pile every 15 days to prevent overheating and promote uniform fermentation. When turning the pile, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the pile between 70-80℃; the humidity of the fermented material should be controlled at 60%-70%, that is, it can be held in a ball by hand and will fall apart when it falls to the ground;

[0032] Step 34: After multiple compost turnings, a semi-finished farmyard manure product is obtained, and then the semi-finished farmyard manure product is mixed with fermented kitchen waste compost and oxalic acid in a certain proportion to obtain fermented farmyard manure.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method of the present invention can not only increase the per-acre yield of mudskipper farming, but also increase the weight of a single mudskipper, reduce the mortality rate and disease and insect rate, increase the income, and also increase the reproduction rate of mudskippers. The method is very simple in the process of mudskipper farming and can also prevent pests from entering the farming pond. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding and cultivating mudskippers, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Site selection for mud ding farm;

[0037] Choose a muddy and sandy beach with a pH value of 7.5 to 8.5, a salinity of 5 to 22, a water temperature of 18 to 29°C, sheltered from wind and waves, and convenient for tidal drainage;

[0038] Step 2: Construction of breeding ponds: Building breeding ponds according to the terrain, including digging trenches and ridges on the tidal flats, turning the soil and leveling it, and burying water inlet and outlet pipes;

[0039] Step 21: Turn the soil: Use a sea hoe and a four-toothed rake to turn the mudflat to a depth of 20 to 25 cm;

[0040] Step 22: Soaking: After turning the soil, drain it into seawater and soak it for 1-2 days until the soil becomes soft, then drain the seawater;

[0041] Step 23: Raking the soil: Use a dense-toothed rake to rake and comb the mudflats to make the soil fine and knot-free;

[0042] Step 24: Level the court: Use a hoe to flatten and smooth the court surface, and pile it up from the periphery to the center to form a "road shape" with a width of 1.2m. Form a 20-30cm wide and 20cm deep ditch around the court surface to ensure that there is no water accumulation on the court surface;

[0043] Step 25: burying water inlet and outlet pipes in the constructed breeding pond;

[0044] Step 3: Clean the pond and apply basal fertilizer;

[0045] Before stocking, bleaching powder (150 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond, or quicklime (1125 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond while it is still hot, and then exposed to high temperature to kill germs, remove harmful organisms and improve the bottom quality. One week after the pond is cleaned, water is added to the beach surface to a water level of 10 cm, and 4500 kg of fermented farmyard manure is applied per hectare and evenly spread on the breeding field.

[0046] The fermented farmyard manure includes 20 parts of animal manure, 28 parts of fermented food waste compost, 20 parts of insects and zooplankton, 10 parts of corn residue, 2 parts of oxalic acid, 12 parts of activated carbon, 4 parts of yeast, 7 parts of animal bone meal, 4 parts of cake fertilizer, and 6 parts of plant ash;

[0047] The preparation method of fermented farmyard manure is as follows:

[0048] Step 31: Mix animal manure, insects and zooplankton, corn residue, activated carbon, yeast, animal bone meal, cake fertilizer and wood ash in proportion.

[0049] Step 32: Pile the mixed raw materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an unlimited length. The pile should be full and covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist;

[0050] Step 33: Turn the pile regularly: Turn the pile every 15 days to prevent overheating and promote uniform fermentation. When turning the pile, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the pile between 70-80℃; the humidity of the fermented material should be controlled at 60%-70%, that is, it can be held in a ball by hand and will fall apart when it falls to the ground;

[0051] Step 34: After multiple compost turnings, a semi-finished farmyard manure product is obtained, and then the semi-finished farmyard manure product is mixed with the fermented compost of kitchen waste and oxalic acid in a certain proportion to obtain fermented farmyard manure;

[0052] Step 4: Stocking of seedlings;

[0053] Select natural seedlings, the specification of seedlings is 700-1000 pieces / kg. When purchasing, select intact, undamaged, vigorous, flexible, and light brown insect bodies, and avoid purchasing seedlings soaked in seawater or even fresh water. The seedlings collected on the same day are released at 350 kg / mu, and the seedlings are evenly sown on the surface of the pond to allow them to naturally drill into the mud.

[0054] Step 5: Farming management;

[0055] Step 51: Fertilization and feeding; after the seedlings are released, the mud dicers are judged to be adapted to the environment according to the shape of the holes in the pond. The judgment criteria for whether the mud dicers are adapted to the environment are: vertical holes in the mud dicers indicate that they have fully adapted, and horizontal holes indicate that they have not yet fully adapted. One and a half months after the seedlings are released, biological fertilizers and oxalic acid are applied, and oxalic acid and biological fertilizers are applied at a ratio of 1:9; the biological fertilizers applied are fermented organic fertilizers, fish fertilizers, soybean powder, and bran, and the amount of fertilizer is adjusted according to the seasonal water temperature and soil fertility;

[0056] Step 52: water storage and dew drying;

[0057] During the breeding period of mud minnows, the surface of the pond needs to be kept moist; choose to dry it out during the hot noon, and store water in the evening to facilitate the mud minnows to come out of the cave to find food. The water storage time is 3-4 hours;

[0058] Step 53: adjusting the salinity of the pool water;

[0059] In the early stage of aquaculture, the salinity of the pond water is controlled above 15, and the salinity is appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages to facilitate the rapid growth of mud shrimp; the water level is raised during typhoons or rainstorms to prevent excessive changes in the salinity of the pond water. After the rain, the pond water is drained in time and fresh seawater with appropriate salinity is injected;

[0060] Step 54: Pest control: A gate and filter should be installed at the water inlet of the breeding pond to prevent fish, shrimp and crabs from entering the breeding pond with the tide.

[0061] Embodiment 2: The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding and cultivating mudskippers, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Site selection for mud ding farm;

[0063] Choose a muddy and sandy beach with a pH value of 7.5 to 8.5, a salinity of 5 to 22, a water temperature of 18 to 29°C, sheltered from wind and waves, and convenient for tidal drainage;

[0064] Step 2: Construction of breeding ponds: Building breeding ponds according to the terrain, including digging trenches and ridges on the tidal flats, turning the soil and leveling it, and burying water inlet and outlet pipes;

[0065] Step 21: Turn the soil: Use a sea hoe and a four-toothed rake to turn the mudflat to a depth of 20 to 25 cm;

[0066] Step 22: Soaking: After turning the soil, drain it into seawater and soak it for 1-2 days until the soil becomes soft, then drain the seawater;

[0067] Step 23: Raking the soil: Use a dense-toothed rake to rake and comb the mudflats to make the soil fine and knot-free;

[0068] Step 24: Level the court: Use a hoe to flatten and smooth the court surface, and pile it up from the periphery to the center to form a "road shape" with a width of 1.2m. Form a 20-30cm wide and 20cm deep ditch around the court surface to ensure that there is no water accumulation on the court surface;

[0069] Step 25: burying water inlet and outlet pipes in the constructed breeding pond;

[0070] Step 3: Clean the pond and apply basal fertilizer;

[0071] Before stocking, bleaching powder (150 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond, or quicklime (1125 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond while it is still hot, and then exposed to high temperature to kill germs, remove harmful organisms and improve the bottom quality. One week after the pond is cleaned, water is added to the beach surface to a water level of 10 cm, and 4500 kg of fermented farmyard manure is applied per hectare and evenly spread on the breeding field.

[0072] The fermented farmyard manure includes 30 parts of animal manure, 30 parts of fermented compost of food waste, 25 parts of insects and zooplankton, 13 parts of corn residue, 4 parts of oxalic acid, 14 parts of activated carbon, 5 parts of yeast, 9 parts of animal bone meal, 6 parts of cake fertilizer, and 7 parts of plant ash;

[0073] The preparation method of fermented farmyard manure is as follows:

[0074] Step 31: Mix animal manure, insects and zooplankton, corn residue, activated carbon, yeast, animal bone meal, cake fertilizer and wood ash in proportion.

[0075] Step 32: Pile the mixed raw materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an unlimited length. The pile should be full and covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist;

[0076] Step 33: Turn the pile regularly: Turn the pile every 15 days to prevent overheating and promote uniform fermentation. When turning the pile, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the pile between 70-80℃; the humidity of the fermented material should be controlled at 60%-70%, that is, it can be held in a ball by hand and will fall apart when it falls to the ground;

[0077] Step 34: After multiple compost turnings, a semi-finished farmyard manure product is obtained, and then the semi-finished farmyard manure product is mixed with the fermented compost of kitchen waste and oxalic acid in a certain proportion to obtain fermented farmyard manure;

[0078] Step 4: Stocking of seedlings;

[0079] Select natural seedlings, the specification of seedlings is 700-1000 pieces / kg. When purchasing, select intact, undamaged, vigorous, flexible, and light brown insect bodies, and avoid purchasing seedlings soaked in seawater or even fresh water. The seedlings collected on the same day are released at 350 kg / mu, and the seedlings are evenly sown on the surface of the pond to allow them to naturally drill into the mud.

[0080] Step 5: Farming management;

[0081] Step 51: Fertilization and feeding; after the seedlings are released, the mud dicers are judged to be adapted to the environment according to the shape of the holes in the pond. The judgment criteria for whether the mud dicers are adapted to the environment are: vertical holes in the mud dicers indicate that they have fully adapted, and horizontal holes indicate that they have not yet fully adapted. One and a half months after the seedlings are released, biological fertilizers and oxalic acid are applied, and oxalic acid and biological fertilizers are applied at a ratio of 1:9; the biological fertilizers applied are fermented organic fertilizers, fish fertilizers, soybean powder, and bran, and the amount of fertilizer is adjusted according to the seasonal water temperature and soil fertility;

[0082] Step 52: water storage and dew drying;

[0083] During the breeding period of mud minnows, the surface of the pond needs to be kept moist; choose to dry it out during the hot noon, and store water in the evening to facilitate the mud minnows to come out of the cave to find food. The water storage time is 3-4 hours;

[0084] Step 53: adjusting the salinity of the pool water;

[0085] In the early stage of aquaculture, the salinity of the pond water is controlled above 15, and the salinity is appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages to facilitate the rapid growth of mud shrimp; the water level is raised during typhoons or rainstorms to prevent excessive changes in the salinity of the pond water. After the rain, the pond water is drained in time and fresh seawater with appropriate salinity is injected;

[0086] Step 54: Pest control: A gate and filter should be installed at the water inlet of the breeding pond to prevent fish, shrimp and crabs from entering the breeding pond with the tide.

[0087] Embodiment 3: The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding and cultivating mudskippers, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: Site selection for mud ding farm;

[0089] Choose a muddy and sandy beach with a pH value of 7.5 to 8.5, a salinity of 5 to 22, a water temperature of 18 to 29°C, sheltered from wind and waves, and convenient for tidal drainage;

[0090] Step 2: Construction of breeding ponds: Building breeding ponds according to the terrain, including digging trenches and ridges on the tidal flats, turning the soil and leveling it, and burying water inlet and outlet pipes;

[0091] Step 21: Turn the soil: Use a sea hoe and a four-toothed rake to turn the mudflat to a depth of 20 to 25 cm;

[0092] Step 22: Soaking: After turning the soil, drain it into seawater and soak it for 1-2 days until the soil becomes soft, then drain the seawater;

[0093] Step 23: Raking the soil: Use a dense-toothed rake to rake and comb the mudflats to make the soil fine and knot-free;

[0094] Step 24: Level the court: Use a hoe to flatten and smooth the court surface, and pile it up from the periphery to the center to form a "road shape" with a width of 1.2m. Form a 20-30cm wide and 20cm deep ditch around the court surface to ensure that there is no water accumulation on the court surface;

[0095] Step 25: burying water inlet and outlet pipes in the constructed breeding pond;

[0096] Step 3: Clean the pond and apply basal fertilizer;

[0097] Before stocking, bleaching powder (150 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond, or quicklime (1125 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond while it is still hot, and then exposed to high temperature to kill germs, remove harmful organisms and improve the bottom quality. One week after the pond is cleaned, water is added to the beach surface to a water level of 10 cm, and 4500 kg of fermented farmyard manure is applied per hectare and evenly spread on the breeding field.

[0098] The fermented farmyard manure includes 35 parts of animal manure, 35 parts of fermented compost of food waste, 30 parts of insects and zooplankton, 15 parts of corn residue, 6 parts of oxalic acid, 16 parts of activated carbon, 6 parts of yeast, 10 parts of animal bone meal, 8 parts of cake fertilizer, and 8 parts of plant ash;

[0099] The preparation method of fermented farmyard manure is as follows:

[0100] Step 31: Mix animal manure, insects and zooplankton, corn residue, activated carbon, yeast, animal bone meal, cake fertilizer and wood ash in proportion.

[0101] Step 32: Pile the mixed raw materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an unlimited length. The pile should be full and covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist;

[0102] Step 33: Turn the pile regularly: Turn the pile every 15 days to prevent overheating and promote uniform fermentation. When turning the pile, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the pile between 70-80℃; the humidity of the fermented material should be controlled at 60%-70%, that is, it can be held in a ball by hand and will fall apart when it falls to the ground;

[0103] Step 34: after multiple compost turning, a semi-finished farmyard manure product is obtained, and then the semi-finished farmyard manure product is mixed with the fermented compost of kitchen waste and oxalic acid in a certain proportion to obtain fermented farmyard manure;

[0104] Step 4: Stocking of seedlings;

[0105] Select natural seedlings, the specification of seedlings is 700-1000 pieces / kg. When purchasing, select intact, undamaged, vigorous, flexible, and light brown insect bodies, and avoid purchasing seedlings soaked in seawater or even fresh water. The seedlings collected on the same day are released at 350 kg / mu, and the seedlings are evenly sown on the surface of the pond to allow them to naturally drill into the mud.

[0106] Step 5: Farming management;

[0107] Step 51: Fertilization and feeding; after the seedlings are released, the mud dicers are judged to be adapted to the environment according to the shape of the holes in the pond. The judgment criteria for whether the mud dicers are adapted to the environment are: vertical holes in the mud dicers indicate that they have fully adapted, and horizontal holes indicate that they have not yet fully adapted. One and a half months after the seedlings are released, biological fertilizers and oxalic acid are applied, and oxalic acid and biological fertilizers are applied at a ratio of 1:9; the biological fertilizers applied are fermented organic fertilizers, fish fertilizers, soybean powder, and bran, and the amount of fertilizer is adjusted according to the seasonal water temperature and soil fertility;

[0108] Step 52: water storage and dew drying;

[0109] During the breeding period of mud minnows, the surface of the pond needs to be kept moist; choose to dry it out during the hot noon, and store water in the evening to facilitate the mud minnows to come out of the cave to find food. The water storage time is 3-4 hours;

[0110] Step 53: adjusting the salinity of the pool water;

[0111] In the early stage of aquaculture, the salinity of the pond water is controlled above 15, and the salinity is appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages to facilitate the rapid growth of mud shrimp; the water level is raised during typhoons or rainstorms to prevent excessive changes in the salinity of the pond water. After the rain, the pond water is drained in time and fresh seawater with appropriate salinity is injected;

[0112] Step 54: Pest control: A gate and filter should be installed at the water inlet of the breeding pond to prevent fish, shrimp and crabs from entering the breeding pond with the tide.

[0113] Comparative Example: Using the method of the present invention, conventional farmyard manure was selected, and only biological fertilizer was applied after one and a half months;

[0114]

[0115] In summary, the method of the present invention can not only increase the per-acre yield of mudskipper farming, but also increase the weight of individual mudskippers, reduce mortality and disease and insect rates, increase profits, and increase the reproduction rate of mudskippers. The method is very simple in the process of mudskipper farming and can also prevent pests from entering the farming pond.

[0116] The above embodiments only express the implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding and cultivating mud shrimps, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Site selection for mud ding farm; Choose a muddy and sandy beach with a pH value of 7.5 to 8.5, a salinity of 5 to 22, a water temperature of 18 to 29°C, sheltered from wind and waves, and convenient for tidal drainage; Step 2: Construction of breeding ponds: Building breeding ponds according to the terrain, including digging trenches and ridges on the tidal flats, turning the soil and leveling it, and burying water inlet and outlet pipes; Step 3: Clean the pond and apply basal fertilizer; Before stocking, bleaching powder (150 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond, or quicklime (1125 kg / ha) is sprayed all over the pond while it is still hot, and then exposed to high temperature to kill germs, remove harmful organisms and improve the bottom quality. One week after the pond is cleaned, water is added to the beach surface to a water level of 10 cm, and 4500 kg of fermented farmyard manure is applied per hectare and evenly spread on the breeding field. The fermented farmyard manure includes 20-35 parts of animal manure, 28-35 parts of fermented compost of food waste, 20-30 parts of insects and zooplankton, 10-15 parts of corn residue, 2-6 parts of oxalic acid, 12-16 parts of activated carbon, 4-6 parts of yeast, 7-10 parts of animal bone meal, 4-8 parts of cake fertilizer, and 6-8 parts of plant ash; Step 4: Stocking of seedlings; Select natural seedlings, the specification of seedlings is 700-1000 pieces / kg. When purchasing, select intact, undamaged, vigorous, flexible, and light brown insect bodies, and avoid purchasing seedlings soaked in seawater or even fresh water. The seedlings collected on the same day are released at 350 kg / mu, and the seedlings are evenly sown on the surface of the pond to allow them to naturally drill into the mud. Step 5: Farming management; Step 51: Fertilization and feeding; after the seedlings are released, the mud dicers are judged to see whether they have adapted to the environment according to the morphology of the holes in the pond. One and a half months after the seedlings are released, biological fertilizers and oxalic acid are applied, and the oxalic acid and biological fertilizers are added in a ratio of 1:9; Step 52: water storage and dew drying; During the breeding period of mud minnows, the surface of the pond needs to be kept moist; choose to dry it out during the hot noon, and store water in the evening to facilitate the mud minnows to come out of the cave to find food. The water storage time is 3-4 hours; Step 53: adjusting the salinity of the pool water; In the early stage of aquaculture, the salinity of the pond water is controlled above 15, and the salinity is appropriately reduced in the middle and late stages to facilitate the rapid growth of mud shrimp; the water level is raised during typhoons or rainstorms to prevent excessive changes in the salinity of the pond water. After the rain, the pond water is drained in time and fresh seawater with appropriate salinity is injected; Step 54: Pest control: A gate and filter should be installed at the water inlet of the breeding pond to prevent fish, shrimp and crabs from entering the breeding pond with the tide.

2. The method for breeding and cultivating mud shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for the construction of the breeding pond in step 2 are as follows: Step 21: Turn the soil: Use a sea hoe and a four-toothed rake to turn the mudflat to a depth of 20 to 25 cm; Step 22: Soaking: After turning the soil, drain it into seawater and soak it for 1-2 days until the soil becomes soft, then drain the seawater; Step 23: Raking the soil: Use a dense-toothed rake to rake and comb the mudflats to make the soil fine and knot-free; Step 24: Level the court: Use a hoe to flatten and smooth the court surface, and pile it up from the periphery to the center to form a "road shape" with a width of 1.2m. Form a 20-30cm wide and 20cm deep ditch around the court surface to ensure that there is no water accumulation on the court surface; Step 25: Bury water supply and drainage pipes in the constructed breeding pond.

3. The method for breeding and cultivating mud shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 51, the biofertilizer applied is fermented organic fertilizer, fish fertilizer, soybean powder, bran, and the amount of fertilizer applied is adjusted according to the seasonal water temperature and soil fertility.

4. The method for breeding and cultivating mud shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The criterion for judging whether the mud has adapted to the environment in step 51 is: if the mud hole is a vertical hole, it indicates that it has fully adapted, and if the mud hole is a horizontal hole, it indicates that it has not yet fully adapted.

5. The method for breeding and cultivating mud shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of fermented farmyard manure in step 3 is as follows: Step 31: Mix animal manure, insects and zooplankton, corn residue, activated carbon, yeast, animal bone meal, cake fertilizer and wood ash in proportion. Step 32: Pile the mixed raw materials into a pile with a height of 1.5-2 meters, a width of 2 meters, and an unlimited length. The pile should be full and covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist; Step 33: Turn the pile regularly: Turn the pile every 15 days to prevent overheating and promote uniform fermentation. When turning the pile, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the pile between 70-80℃; the humidity of the fermented material should be controlled at 60%-70%, that is, it can be held in a ball by hand and will fall apart when it falls to the ground; Step 34: After multiple compost turnings, a semi-finished farmyard manure product is obtained, and then the semi-finished farmyard manure product is mixed with fermented kitchen waste compost and oxalic acid in a certain proportion to obtain fermented farmyard manure.

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