Nutrition enhancer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food additives, and particularly relates to a nutrition enhancer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The nutrition enhancer comprises a component I derived from plant polypeptide, a component II derived from iron, a component III derived from calcium, a component IV derived from zinc and an absorption enhancer, the absorption enhancer is composed of spermine and rhizoma atractylodis polysaccharide, wherein the spermine is loaded by silicon dioxide microspheres coated with modified chitosan. Under the action of the absorption enhancer, the nutrition enhancer disclosed by the invention can promote effective absorption of calcium, iron and zinc, and meanwhile, the content of serum antibodies can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of food additives, and in particular, relates to a nutrition enhancer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Nutritional enhancers refer to natural / synthetic food additives that can increase nutritional content and are added to food. In traditional food engineering, the nutritional elements of various foods are not balanced, especially in the process of food processing and cooking, where nutrients are easily lost. The rational use of nutritional enhancers in food can effectively ensure the diversity of nutritional elements and enhance the nutritional value of food. Common nutritional enhancers in food engineering include amino acid additives, vitamin additives, mineral additives and trace element additives.

[0003] The application of nutritional fortifiers in food engineering can not only effectively improve the nutritional quality of food, but also improve the sensory quality of food, enhance the preservation performance of food, and provide more convenience for people. For example, the use of nutritional fortifiers can actively make up for the defects of food, actively prevent malnutrition, and enhance the nutritional value of food.

[0004] The main malnutrition problem currently exists in the low absorption of calcium, iron and zinc, which can easily lead to deficiency in the body. Summary of the invention

[0005] The primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a nutritional enhancer and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to promote the bioavailability of calcium, iron and zinc in food.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention provides a nutritional enhancer, which consists of: component I derived from plant polypeptides, component II derived from iron, component III derived from calcium, component IV derived from zinc, and an absorption enhancer; the absorption enhancer consists of spermine and atractylodes polysaccharide loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition content of the nutritional enhancer is as follows: 10-20 parts of component I from plant polypeptide, 10-15 parts of component II from iron, 10-15 parts of component III from calcium, 10-15 parts of component IV from zinc, and 1-5 parts of absorption enhancer, in parts by weight;

[0009] The absorption enhancer is composed of spermine and atractylodes lancea polysaccharide loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.5.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant polypeptide-derived component I is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of pea peptides, wheat peptides, soybean peptides, peanut peptides, and rice peptides.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the iron source component II is selected from any one of ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate, ferric citrate, ferric pyrophosphate, and ferrous gluconate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calcium source component III is selected from any one of D-calcium pantothenate, calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, and calcium glycerophosphate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the zinc source component IV is selected from any one of zinc citrate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc glycinate, zinc lactate, and zinc fructose diphosphate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified chitosan-coated silica microsphere-loaded spermine is:

[0015] Dissolving a dicarboxylic acid in water to obtain a dicarboxylic acid solution with a concentration of 1 to 3 mol / L, dispersing silicon dioxide with a particle size of 1 to 10 μm in the obtained dicarboxylic acid solution, and ultrasonically treating the solution at 800 to 1000 W for 20 to 30 min, filtering and centrifuging, and drying the obtained solid product to obtain carboxylated silicon dioxide particles;

[0016] Dissolve chitosan in an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 5 to 10% to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 1 to 5 g / L, add fatty acid ester and initiator, and then add carboxylated silica particles with a mass of 1 to 2 times that of chitosan, stir and react at 30 to 100° C. for 2 to 6 hours, stand for 20 to 40 minutes after the reaction, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres;

[0017] The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres are placed in a 4-6 mg / ml spermine solution for 30-50 minutes, then taken out, washed and dried to obtain the modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic carboxylic acid is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fatty acid ester is fatty acid methyl ester and / or fatty acid ethyl ester;

[0020] The added amount of the fatty acid ester is 0.5 to 1 times the mass of chitosan.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the initiator is selected from any one of benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate;

[0022] The added amount of the initiator is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the fatty acid ester.

[0023] The invention also provides a method for preparing the nutrition enhancer, comprising the step of mixing the components.

[0024] The invention also provides application of the nutrition enhancer in preparing food.

[0025] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present invention uses component II derived from iron, component III derived from calcium, and component IV derived from zinc as basic active ingredients derived from iron, calcium, and zinc, component I derived from plant polypeptides as a functional active ingredient, and an absorption enhancer as an absorption enhancer of active ingredients. Through the combined action of the basic active ingredients and the functional active ingredients, it serves as a nutritional enhancer, which not only ensures that it can supplement the nutrients required by the human body, but also has a certain function of enhancing the body's resistance.

[0027] 2. The absorption enhancer of the present invention is rich in a large number of anionic groups, which can promote the chelation of various metal cations in the basic active ingredients, which is beneficial to the absorption of calcium, iron and zinc by the organism, and improves the bioavailability of calcium, iron and zinc. In addition, the absorption enhancer of the present invention can protect the influence of the gastric acid environment on the functional active ingredients, increase the permeability of the intestinal mucosa, promote the absorption of the basic active ingredients and the functional active ingredients in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby improving the absorption and utilization rate of each nutrient element.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the percentage content involved in the present invention refers to mass percentage for solid-liquid mixing and solid-solid mixing, and refers to volume percentage for liquid-liquid mixing.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, the percentage concentrations referred to in the present invention all refer to final concentrations, which refer to the percentage of the added component in the system after the addition of the component.

[0032] The temperature parameters in the present invention, if not specifically limited, allow for both constant temperature treatment and treatment within a certain temperature range. The constant temperature treatment allows the temperature to fluctuate within the precision range controlled by the instrument.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the pea peptide (food grade) used in the following examples was purchased from Nanjing Tongying Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; wheat peptide (food grade) and soybean peptide (food grade) were purchased from Guangzhou Huayu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; peanut peptide (food grade) was purchased from Hubei Haijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; rice peptide (food grade) was purchased from Shenzhen Love Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and Atractylodes polysaccharide (purity ≥98%, food grade) was purchased from Shaanxi Ciyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; other materials, reagents, etc. can be obtained from commercial channels.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] Preparation of modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine: oxalic acid was dissolved in water to obtain an oxalic acid solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L, and then silica with an average particle size of 5 μm was dispersed in the obtained oxalic acid solution, and ultrasonicated at 900 W for 25 min, then filtered and centrifuged, and the obtained solid product was dried to obtain carboxylated silica microparticles. Chitosan was dissolved in an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 7.5% to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3 g / L, fatty acid methyl ester (added in an amount of 0.75 times the mass of chitosan) and benzoyl peroxide (added in an amount of 0.4% the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), and then carboxylated silica microparticles with a mass of 1.5 times the mass of chitosan were added, stirred for reaction at 80°C for 2 h, and the reaction was allowed to stand for 30 min after completion, then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres. The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres were placed in a 5 mg / ml spermine solution for 40 minutes, and then taken out, washed, and dried to obtain spermine-loaded modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

[0037] Preparation of absorption enhancer: Evenly mix spermine loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres and Atractylodes lancea polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0038] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source and 3 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] Preparation of modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine: dissolve malic acid in water to obtain a malic acid solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L, then disperse silica with an average particle size of 5 μm in the obtained malic acid solution, and ultrasonically treat at 800 W for 30 min, then filter and centrifuge, and dry the obtained solid product to obtain carboxylated silica microparticles. Dissolve chitosan in a 5% volume fraction ethanol solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 1 g / L, add fatty acid ethyl ester (the amount added is 1 times the mass of chitosan) and potassium persulfate (the amount added is 0.5% of the mass of fatty acid ethyl ester), and then add carboxylated silica microparticles twice the mass of chitosan, stir and react at 80°C for 6 h, let stand for 20 min after the reaction, then filter, wash and dry to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres. The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres were placed in a 4 mg / ml spermine solution for 50 minutes, and then taken out, washed, and dried to obtain spermine-loaded modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

[0041] Preparation of absorption enhancer: Evenly mix spermine loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres and atractylodes polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0042] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 10 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal weight ratio) from plant polypeptide, 15 parts of component II (ferric citrate) from iron source, 10 parts of component III (calcium citrate) from calcium source, 15 parts of component IV (zinc fructose diphosphate) from zinc source and 1 part of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0043] Embodiment 3:

[0044] Preparation of modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine: succinic acid was dissolved in water to obtain a succinic acid solution with a concentration of 3 mol / L, and then silica with an average particle size of 5 μm was dispersed in the obtained succinic acid solution, and ultrasonicated at 1000 W for 20 min, then filtered and centrifuged, and the obtained solid product was dried to obtain carboxylated silica microparticles. Chitosan was dissolved in an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 10% to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 5 g / L, fatty acid methyl ester (the amount added was 0.5 times the mass of chitosan) and azobisisobutyronitrile (the amount added was 0.3% of the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), and then carboxylated silica microparticles with a mass of 1 times that of chitosan were added, and the reaction was stirred at 65°C for 4 h, and the reaction was allowed to stand for 40 min after completion, and then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres. The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres were placed in a 6 mg / ml spermine solution for 30 minutes, then taken out, washed and dried to obtain the modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine.

[0045] Preparation of absorption enhancer: Evenly mix spermine loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres and Atractylodes lancea polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:0.5.

[0046] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 20 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 10 parts of component II (ferrous gluconate) from iron source, 15 parts of component III (calcium D-pantothenate) from calcium source, 10 parts of component IV (zinc acetate) from zinc source and 5 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0047] Comparative Example 1:

[0048] Preparation of carboxylated silica microspheres loaded with spermine: oxalic acid is dissolved in water to obtain an oxalic acid solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L, and then silica with an average particle size of 5 μm is dispersed in the obtained oxalic acid solution, and ultrasonically treated at 900 W for 25 min, then filtered and centrifuged, and the obtained solid product is dried to obtain carboxylated silica microparticles. The obtained carboxylated silica microspheres are placed in a 5 mg / ml spermine solution for 40 min, then taken out, washed, and dried to obtain carboxylated silica microspheres loaded with spermine.

[0049] Preparation of absorption enhancer: Evenly mix the spermine loaded by carboxylated silica microspheres and Atractylodes lancea polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0050] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source and 3 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0051] Comparative Example 2:

[0052] Preparation of modified chitosan-loaded spermine: Chitosan was dissolved in a 7.5% volume fraction ethanol solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3 g / L, fatty acid methyl ester (the amount added was 0.75 times the mass of chitosan) and benzoyl peroxide (the amount added was 0.4% of the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), stirred and reacted at 80°C for 2 hours, and after the reaction was completed, the mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes, then filtered, washed, granulated, and dried to obtain modified chitosan microspheres. The obtained modified chitosan microspheres were placed in a 5 mg / ml spermine solution for 40 minutes, then taken out, washed, and dried to obtain spermine loaded on the modified chitosan microspheres.

[0053] Preparation of absorption enhancer: Evenly mix the spermine loaded on the modified chitosan microspheres and the atractylodes polysaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0054] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source and 3 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0055] Comparative Example 3:

[0056] Preparation of absorption enhancer: i.e. Atractylodes lancea polysaccharide.

[0057] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source and 3 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0058] Comparative Example 4:

[0059] Preparation of modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine: oxalic acid is dissolved in water to obtain an oxalic acid solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L, and then silica with an average particle size of 5 μm is dispersed in the obtained oxalic acid solution, and ultrasonically treated at 900 W for 25 min, then filtered and centrifuged, and the obtained solid product is dried to obtain carboxylated silica microparticles. Chitosan is dissolved in an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 7.5% to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 3 g / L, fatty acid methyl ester (the amount added is 0.75 times the mass of chitosan) and benzoyl peroxide (the amount added is 0.4% of the mass of fatty acid methyl ester), and then carboxylated silica microparticles with a mass of 1.5 times the mass of chitosan are added, and the reaction is stirred at 80° C. for 2 h, and the reaction is allowed to stand for 30 min after completion, and then filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres. The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres were placed in a 5 mg / ml spermine solution for 40 minutes, and then taken out, washed, and dried to obtain spermine-loaded modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

[0060] Preparation of absorption enhancer: spermine loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

[0061] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to the weight ratio, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source and 3 parts of absorption enhancer are mixed evenly.

[0062] Comparative Example 5:

[0063] Preparation of nutritional enhancer: According to weight proportions, 15 parts of component I (pea peptide, wheat peptide, soybean peptide, peanut peptide, and rice peptide mixed in equal mass ratio) from plant polypeptide, 12.5 parts of component II (ferrous lactate) from iron source, 12.5 parts of component III (calcium lactate) from calcium source, and 12.5 parts of component IV (zinc glycinate) from zinc source are mixed evenly.

[0064] Test 1: Acute toxicity test

[0065] The invention has been proven to be safe and non-toxic by animal experiments, and the experimental results and conclusions are as follows:

[0066] 1) Acute toxicity experiments show that according to the acute toxicity dose classification standard, it is actually non-toxic;

[0067] 2) The results of bone marrow cell micronucleus test, sperm abnormality test and Ames test were negative;

[0068] 3) 30-day feeding test: The experimental animals grew well, and no abnormalities were found in the results of hematological examination, biochemical examination, main organ ratio and histological examination compared with the control group, which proved that the present invention is safe and non-toxic.

[0069] Experiment 2: Detection of the absorption effect of calcium, iron and zinc by different nutritional enhancers

[0070] Test objects: products of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0071] Experimental method: 120 SD rats weighing 100±10g, half male and half female, in good health were selected. The rats were raised in an SPF animal laboratory under natural light.

[0072] First, 110 rats were administered calcium, iron, and zinc-deficient feed for 2 weeks to construct a calcium, iron, and zinc-deficient rat model. The remaining 10 rats were used as a blank group. The SD model rats were randomly divided into 10 groups, 10 in each group, and numbered 1 to 10 groups respectively. Groups 1 to 9 were gavaged with the products of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 respectively. The dosage was 1.5 mg / 100 g rat, and each group of rats was fed twice a day. Rats in the blank group were gavaged with an equal amount of normal feed. At the same time, rats in groups 1 to 10 were fed daily with calcium, iron, and zinc-deficient feed. After 20 days, the calcium absorption rate, whole blood iron content, and serum zinc content of each group were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. Among them, calcium absorption rate = (total calcium intake - fecal calcium) / total calcium intake × 100%.

[0073] Table 1 Statistics of calcium absorption rate in each group

[0074] Group Calcium absorption rate (%) Serum zinc (μg / ml) Whole blood iron content (μg / ml) Blank Group 86.48±1.36 2.13±0.46 571.29±28.39 Model Group 24.89±0.82 1.02±0.53 286.32±35.81 Example 1 98.26±1.16 2.15±0.37 568.87±41.26 Example 2 97.82±1.03 2.07±0.28 564.63±37.47 Example 3 98.89±1.43 2.15±0.35 569.48±45.38 Comparative Example 1 94.72±1.74 2.08±0.41 559.52±29.43 Comparative Example 2 90.29±1.21 2.01±0.34 547.56±37.86 Comparative Example 3 75.65±1.36 1.91±0.27 508.51±36.73 Comparative Example 4 86.31±1.25 2.02±0.31 534.27±31.44 Comparative Example 5 65.28±0.98 1.84±0.38 487.37±29.25

[0075] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that, compared with the blank group, the model group and the comparative example 1-5 groups, the nutritional enhancers of Examples 1-3 of the present invention can promote the absorption of calcium, iron and zinc, and under the action of the absorption enhancers, the absorption rates of calcium, iron and zinc in rats are significantly increased.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nutritional enhancer, characterized in that: The nutritional enhancer consists of: component I derived from plant polypeptides, component II derived from iron, component III derived from calcium, component IV derived from zinc and an absorption enhancer; the absorption enhancer consists of spermine and atractylodes polysaccharide loaded by modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres.

2. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that The nutritional enhancer comprises, by weight, 10 to 20 parts of component I derived from plant polypeptides, 10 to 15 parts of component II derived from iron, 10 to 15 parts of component III derived from calcium, 10 to 15 parts of component IV derived from zinc, and 1 to 5 parts of an absorption enhancer. The absorption enhancer is composed of spermine and atractylodes lancea polysaccharide loaded on modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres in a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.

5.

3. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The plant polypeptide-derived component I is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of pea peptides, wheat peptides, soybean peptides, peanut peptides and rice peptides.

4. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The iron source component II is selected from any one of ferrous fumarate, ferrous lactate, ferric citrate, ferric pyrophosphate, and ferrous gluconate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

5. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The calcium source component III is selected from any one of D-calcium pantothenate, calcium citrate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, and calcium glycerophosphate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

6. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The zinc source component IV is selected from any one of zinc citrate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc glycinate, zinc lactate, and zinc fructose diphosphate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

7. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified chitosan-coated silica microsphere-loaded spermine is as follows: Dissolving a dicarboxylic acid in water to obtain a dicarboxylic acid solution with a concentration of 1 to 3 mol / L, dispersing silicon dioxide with a particle size of 1 to 10 μm in the obtained dicarboxylic acid solution, and ultrasonically treating the solution at 800 to 1000 W for 20 to 30 min, filtering and centrifuging, and drying the obtained solid product to obtain carboxylated silicon dioxide particles; Dissolve chitosan in an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 5 to 10% to obtain a chitosan solution with a concentration of 1 to 5 g / L, add fatty acid ester and initiator, and then add carboxylated silica particles with a mass of 1 to 2 times that of chitosan, stir and react at 30 to 100° C. for 2 to 6 hours, stand for 20 to 40 minutes after the reaction, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres; The obtained modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres are placed in a 4-6 mg / ml spermine solution for 30-50 minutes, then taken out, washed and dried to obtain the modified chitosan-coated silica microspheres loaded with spermine.

8. The nutritional enhancer according to claim 7, characterized in that The organic carboxylic acid is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid; And / or, the fatty acid ester is fatty acid methyl ester and / or fatty acid ethyl ester; And / or, the amount of the fatty acid ester added is 0.5 to 1 times the mass of chitosan; And / or, the initiator is selected from any one of benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate; And / or, the added amount of the initiator is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the fatty acid ester.

9. A method for preparing the nutritional enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The step of mixing the components is included.

10. Use of the nutritional enhancer according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in preparing food.