Natural spice flavor full-component recovery and extraction device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural spice flavor full-component recovery and extraction device and method, and belongs to the technical field of spice processing.The natural spice flavor full-component recovery and extraction device comprises a processing drying mechanism, a processing smashing mechanism, a smashing assisting mechanism and a recovery and extraction mechanism, the processing and drying mechanism is used for drying raw materials, the two crushing auxiliary mechanisms are symmetrically located on the two sides of the processing and crushing mechanism and are in sliding fit with the processing and crushing mechanism, and the recycling and extracting mechanism communicates with the processing and crushing mechanism. And a processing and conveying mechanism is arranged between the recovery and extraction mechanism and the processing and crushing mechanism. Natural spices can be crushed, so that permeation of supercritical fluid and extraction of flavor components are facilitated, the dried spices are crushed into proper particle sizes, the contact area between the spices and the supercritical fluid can be increased through small particles, and extraction of the flavor components is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of spice processing, and in particular relates to a device and method for recovering and extracting all flavor components of natural spice. Background Art

[0002] Natural spices refer to substances obtained from plants (such as seeds, fruits, roots, stems, leaves, etc.), animals (such as musk, ambergris, etc., but animal spices are rarely used in the food industry, mainly plant spices) or microorganisms, used to add flavor and aroma to food, and may have certain antiseptic and antioxidant functions. They can give food a special taste and smell, making the food more delicious.

[0003] The natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device is a device used to extract various flavor components from natural spices. Its principle is mainly based on the differences in the physical and chemical properties of different components. For example, the principle of solvent extraction is used to dissolve the flavor components in spices according to their solubility in specific solvents (such as ethanol, hexane, etc.); the principle of distillation is also used to vaporize the volatile components (such as essential oils) in spices by heating, and then condense them into liquid for collection.

[0004] However, in the existing process of extracting the flavor of spices, the effect of crushing the spices is not good, resulting in the spice particles being too large, causing the mixing effect of the spices and the supercritical fluid to be poor, and affecting the extraction of the flavor in the spices. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device and method to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device, including a processing and drying mechanism, a processing and crushing mechanism, a crushing auxiliary mechanism and a recovery and extraction mechanism, the processing and drying mechanism is located next to the processing and crushing mechanism, the processing and drying mechanism is used to dry the raw materials, the crushing auxiliary mechanism is provided with two, the two crushing auxiliary mechanisms are symmetrically located on both sides of the processing and crushing mechanism, and the crushing auxiliary mechanism and the processing and crushing mechanism are slidably matched, the recovery and extraction mechanism is connected to the processing and crushing mechanism, and a processing conveying mechanism is provided between the recovery and extraction mechanism and the processing and crushing mechanism.

[0007] According to a further technical solution, the processing and drying mechanism includes a drying box, a box door, a raw material placement rack and a vacuum pump. The box door is rotatably connected to the drying box and is provided with a sealing strip for sealing. The raw material placement rack is located in the drying box. The vacuum pump is located in the drying box and is connected to the drying box. The drying box is provided with a vacuum gauge.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the processing and crushing mechanism includes a crushing box, a feed port, two crushing motors and two crushing shafts, the feed port is located at the top of the crushing box, the two crushing shafts are symmetrically connected to the crushing box, the two crushing motors are located on the outer wall of the crushing box, the crushing motors are transmission-connected to the crushing shafts, and the two crushing shafts are respectively provided with cross-arranged crushing blades.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, an arc-shaped screen is provided at the bottom of the two crushing shafts in the crushing box.

[0010] A further technical solution is that each of the above-mentioned crushing auxiliary mechanisms includes a driving motor, a motor seat, a driving gear, a driving gear rod, a filter screen and two sliding rods. The filter screen is arranged in an arc shape, and the filter screen is slidably connected to the bottom position of the arc screen. The two sliding rods are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the filter screen. The sliding rod is slidably matched with the crushing box, one end of the driving gear rod is connected to the filter screen, the driving gear rod is slidably matched with the crushing box, the motor seat is located on the side wall of the crushing box, the driving motor is located on the motor seat, the driving gear is connected to the main shaft of the driving motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the driving gear rod.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the recovery and extraction mechanism includes an extraction tank, a rotating motor, a rotating shaft and a plurality of air outlet rods, the rotating motor is located at the top of the extraction tank, the rotating shaft is a hollow structure, the rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the rotating motor, the plurality of air outlet rods are equidistantly arranged on the rotating shaft and are connected to the rotating shaft, the air outlet rods are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, and the extraction tank is provided with a separation throttle valve.

[0012] According to a further technical solution, the processing and conveying mechanism includes a conveying fan, a feed pipe and a discharge pipe, wherein the feed pipe is connected to the bottom of the crushing box, the conveying fan is connected to the feed pipe, and both ends of the discharge pipe are connected to the extraction tank and the conveying fan.

[0013] A method for recovering and extracting all the flavor components of natural spices, the extraction method comprising the following steps:

[0014] The first step is to place the natural spices in a processing and drying mechanism and perform vacuum drying on the natural spices;

[0015] In the second step, the processing and crushing mechanism can crush the natural spices to facilitate the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the extraction of flavor components;

[0016] The third step is to transport the natural spices to the extraction tank through the processing and conveying mechanism after crushing, and introduce supercritical carbon dioxide through the recovery and extraction mechanism to extract the natural spices;

[0017] In the fourth step, the supercritical carbon dioxide containing the flavor components is finally passed through a separation throttle valve to reduce the pressure, turning the carbon dioxide into a gaseous state, and separating the flavor components.

[0018] At least one of the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Firstly, after the natural spices of the present invention are dried, they are transported to a grinding box through a feed port, and then two grinding motors work simultaneously to drive two grinding shafts to rotate in the grinding box respectively. The rotation of the two grinding shafts will drive a number of grinding blades to rotate, so as to grind the natural spices to facilitate the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the extraction of the flavor components. The dried spices are ground into appropriate particle sizes. Smaller particles can increase the contact area between the spices and the supercritical fluid, which is beneficial to the extraction of the flavor components.

[0020] Secondly, during the use of the present invention, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate on the driving gear rod, thereby driving the filter screen to move back and forth on the crushing box through the corresponding two sliding bars, thereby driving the filter screen to move horizontally back and forth at the bottom of the arc-shaped screen. First, the natural spices can be filtered and screened again, so that the effect of screening the natural spices is better, and finer natural spices fall downward to the bottom of the crushing box. Second, the filter screen moves back and forth at the bottom of the arc-shaped screen, which will generate friction and vibration, and can vibrate the natural spices blocked in the mesh holes of the arc-shaped screen, and dredge the blockage of the mesh holes, so as to better crush and screen the natural spices later. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the processing and drying mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the crushing auxiliary mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the recovery and extraction mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] Processing and drying mechanism 1, drying box 11, box door 12, raw material placement rack 13, vacuum pump 14, processing and crushing mechanism 2, crushing box 21, feed port 22, crushing motor 23, crushing shaft 24, crushing blade 25, arc screen 26, crushing auxiliary mechanism 3, driving motor 31, motor seat 32, driving gear 33, driving gear rod 34, filter screen 35, sliding rod 36, recovery and extraction mechanism 4, extraction tank 41, rotating motor 42, rotating shaft 43, air outlet rod 44, air outlet 45, separation throttle valve 5, processing and conveying mechanism 6, conveying fan 61, feed pipe 62, discharge pipe 63. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The following is a detailed description of the technical solutions of a natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device and method according to various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device, including a processing and drying mechanism 1, a processing and crushing mechanism 2, a crushing auxiliary mechanism 3 and a recovery and extraction mechanism 4, wherein the processing and drying mechanism 1 is located beside the processing and crushing mechanism 2, and the processing and drying mechanism 1 is used to dry the raw materials, and the crushing auxiliary mechanism 3 is provided with two, and the two crushing auxiliary mechanisms 3 are symmetrically located on both sides of the processing and crushing mechanism 2, and the crushing auxiliary mechanism 3 is slidably matched with the processing and crushing mechanism 2, the recovery and extraction mechanism 4 is connected to the processing and crushing mechanism 2, and a processing conveying mechanism 6 is provided between the recovery and extraction mechanism 4 and the processing and crushing mechanism 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the processing and drying mechanism 1 includes a drying box 11, a box door 12, a raw material placement rack 13 and a vacuum pump 14. The box door 12 is rotatably connected to the drying box 11 and is provided with a sealing strip for sealing. The raw material placement rack 13 is located in the drying box 11. The vacuum pump 14 is located in the drying box 11 and is connected to the drying box 11. The drying box 11 is provided with a vacuum gauge.

[0034] When drying natural spices, the spices are spread flat on the raw material placement rack 13, the door 12 is closed, and the vacuum pump 14 is used to extract the air in the vacuum drying oven 11 to make the box reach a negative pressure state; the vacuum meter is used to monitor the vacuum degree in the vacuum drying oven 11. It can intuitively display the pressure value in the box, and the operator can judge whether the required vacuum degree is reached and whether the vacuum degree is stable during the drying process according to the reading of the vacuum meter;

[0035] Natural spices can be dried.

[0036] In this embodiment, the processing and crushing mechanism 2 includes a crushing box 21, a feed port 22, two crushing motors 23 and two crushing shafts 24. The feed port 22 is located at the top of the crushing box 21. The two crushing shafts 24 are symmetrically connected to the crushing box 21 for rotation. The two crushing motors 23 are located on the outer wall of the crushing box 21. The crushing motors 23 are transmission-connected to the crushing shafts 24. The two crushing shafts 24 are respectively provided with cross-arranged crushing blades 25.

[0037] After the natural spices are dried, they are transported to the crushing box 21 through the feed port 22. Then, two crushing motors 23 work simultaneously to drive two crushing shafts 24 to rotate in the crushing box 21. The rotation of the two crushing shafts 24 will drive several crushing blades 25 to rotate, crushing the natural spices to facilitate the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the extraction of flavor components. The dried spices are crushed into appropriate particle sizes. Smaller particles can increase the contact area between the spices and the supercritical fluid, which is conducive to the extraction of flavor components. For example, crush star anise to about 20-80 meshes, so that the supercritical fluid can better penetrate into the star anise and dissolve the volatile oil and other flavor components therein.

[0038] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped screen 26 is provided at the bottom of the two crushing shafts 24 in the crushing box 21; the arc-shaped screen 26 can filter the crushed natural spices and intercept large pieces of natural spices for another crushing operation.

[0039] In this embodiment, each of the crushing auxiliary mechanisms 3 includes a driving motor 31, a motor seat 32, a driving gear 33, a driving gear rod 34, a filter screen 35 and two sliding rods 36. The filter screen 35 is arranged in an arc shape, and the filter screen 35 is slidably connected to the bottom position of the arc screen 26. The two sliding rods 36 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the filter screen 35. The sliding rod 36 slides with the crushing box 21. One end of the driving gear rod 34 is connected to the filter screen 35. The driving gear rod 34 slides with the crushing box 21. The motor seat 32 is located on the side wall of the crushing box 21. The driving motor 31 is located on the motor seat 32. The driving gear 33 is connected to the main shaft of the driving motor 31, and the driving gear 33 is meshed with the driving gear rod 34.

[0040] It should be noted that the arc screen 26 and the filter screen 35 are provided with blades, and the natural spices can be crushed when the two slide against each other;

[0041] During use, the driving motor 31 drives the driving gear 33 to rotate on the driving gear rod 34, thereby driving the filter screen 35 to move back and forth on the crushing box 21 through the corresponding two sliding rods 36, thereby driving the filter screen 35 to move horizontally back and forth at the bottom position of the arc-shaped screen 26. First, the natural spices can be filtered and screened again, so that the effect of screening the natural spices is better, and finer natural spices fall downward to the bottom of the crushing box 21. Second, the filter screen 35 moves back and forth at the bottom of the arc-shaped screen 26, which will generate friction and vibration, and can vibrate the natural spices blocked in the mesh of the arc-shaped screen 26, and dredge the blockage of the mesh, so as to better crush and screen the natural spices in the future.

[0042] In this embodiment, the recovery and extraction mechanism 4 includes an extraction tank 41, a rotating motor 42, a rotating shaft 43 and a plurality of gas outlet rods 44, wherein the rotating motor 42 is located at the top of the extraction tank 41, the rotating shaft 43 is a hollow structure, the rotating shaft 43 is in driving connection with the rotating motor 42, a plurality of gas outlet rods 44 are arranged on the rotating shaft 43 at equal intervals and are connected to the rotating shaft 43, a plurality of gas outlet holes 45 are provided on the gas outlet rod 44, and a separation throttle valve 5 is provided on the extraction tank 41. The extraction tank 41 is provided with a CO2 pipeline connected to the extraction tank 41.

[0043] When extracting natural spices, the pretreated spices are placed in an extraction tank 41, and then supercritical CO2 is introduced. The extraction temperature is generally between 31-80°C, and the pressure is between 7.38-50MPa. Different spices have different optimal extraction temperatures and pressures. Taking rosemary as an example, the extraction temperature can be set at 40-50°C and the pressure at 20-30MPa. Under this condition, supercritical CO2 can effectively dissolve flavor components and antioxidant components such as carnosin and carnosic acid in rosemary;

[0044] Extraction time is also an important factor affecting the extraction effect. Usually the extraction time is about 1-3 hours. In the early stage of extraction, as time goes by, the flavor components dissolved by supercritical CO2 gradually increase, but after a certain time, the extraction rate increases slowly or even stops. For example, when extracting clove flavor components, a higher extraction rate can be obtained after about 2 hours of extraction.

[0045] During the extraction process, the rotating motor 42 drives the rotating shaft 43 to rotate in the extraction tank 41, thereby driving a number of gas outlet rods 44 to rotate, and CO2 is discharged outward from the gas outlet holes 45 on the gas outlet rods 44, so that CO2 flows in the extraction tank 41 at a certain flow rate, and supercritical CO2 passes through the extraction kettle at a certain flow rate, so that the supercritical in contact with the spices can be continuously renewed to take away the dissolved flavor components.

[0046] After the extraction is completed, the supercritical CO2 containing the flavor components needs to be separated. The pressure of the extraction tank 41 is adjusted by the separation throttle valve 5 to make the supercritical CO2 return to the gas state, so that the dissolved flavor components are separated. The separation throttle valve 5 is used to reduce the pressure. When the pressure is reduced to below the critical pressure, the CO2 becomes gaseous and the flavor components are separated.

[0047] In this embodiment, the processing and conveying mechanism 6 includes a conveying fan 61, a feed pipe 62 and a discharge pipe 63. The feed pipe 62 is connected to the bottom of the crushing box 21, the conveying fan 61 is connected to the feed pipe 62, and both ends of the discharge pipe 63 are connected to the extraction tank 41 and the conveying fan 61.

[0048] After the natural spices are crushed, the conveying fan 61 operates to extract the natural spices through the feed pipe 62 and conveys them to the extraction tank 41 through the discharge pipe 63 .

[0049] A method for recovering and extracting all the flavor components of natural spices, the extraction method comprising the following steps:

[0050] The first step is to place the natural spices in the processing and drying mechanism 1 and perform vacuum drying on the natural spices;

[0051] In the second step, the processing and crushing mechanism 2 can crush the natural spices to facilitate the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the extraction of flavor components;

[0052] In the third step, after the crushing, the natural spices are transported to the extraction tank 41 through the processing and conveying mechanism 6, and supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced through the recovery and extraction mechanism 4 to extract the natural spices;

[0053] In the fourth step, the supercritical carbon dioxide containing the flavor components is finally passed through the separation throttle valve 5 to reduce the pressure, so that the carbon dioxide becomes gaseous and the flavor components are separated.

[0054] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device, characterized in that: It comprises a processing and drying mechanism (1), a processing and crushing mechanism (2), a crushing auxiliary mechanism (3) and a recovery and extraction mechanism (4). The processing and drying mechanism (1) is located beside the processing and crushing mechanism (2). The processing and drying mechanism (1) is used to dry the raw materials. The two pulverizing auxiliary mechanisms (3) are provided, and the two pulverizing auxiliary mechanisms (3) are symmetrically located on both sides of the processing pulverizing mechanism (2), and the pulverizing auxiliary mechanisms (3) and the processing pulverizing mechanism (2) are slidably matched. The recovery and extraction mechanism (4) is connected to the processing and pulverizing mechanism (2), and a processing and conveying mechanism (6) is provided between the recovery and extraction mechanism (4) and the processing and pulverizing mechanism (2).

2. A natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing and drying mechanism (1) comprises a drying box (11), a box door (12), a raw material placement rack (13) and a vacuum pump (14). The oven door (12) is rotatably connected to the drying oven (11) and a sealing strip for sealing is provided on the oven door (12). The raw material placement rack (13) is located in the drying box (11), and the vacuum pump (14) is located in the drying box (11) and connected to the drying box (11). The drying box (11) is provided with a vacuum gauge.

3. The natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing and pulverizing mechanism (2) comprises a pulverizing box (21), a feed inlet (22), two pulverizing motors (23) and two pulverizing shafts (24). The feed port (22) is located at the top of the crushing box (21), the two crushing shafts (24) are symmetrically connected to the crushing box (21), and the two crushing motors (23) are located on the outer wall of the crushing box (21). The pulverizing motor (23) is transmission-connected to the pulverizing shaft (24), and the two pulverizing shafts (24) are respectively provided with cross-arranged pulverizing blades (25).

4. A natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An arc-shaped screen (26) is provided at the bottom of the two crushing shafts (24) in the crushing box (21).

5. A natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the pulverizing auxiliary mechanisms (3) comprises a driving motor (31), a motor base (32), a driving gear (33), a driving gear rod (34), a filtering screen (35) and two sliding rods (36). The filter screen (35) is arranged in an arc shape, and the filter screen (35) is slidably connected to the bottom position of the arc screen (26). The two slide bars (36) are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the filter screen (35), and the slide bars (36) are slidably matched with the crushing box (21). One end of the driving gear rod (34) is connected to the filter screen (35), and the driving gear rod (34) is slidably matched with the crushing box (21). The motor seat (32) is located on the side wall of the crushing box (21), the driving motor (31) is located on the motor seat (32), and the driving gear (33) is connected to the main shaft of the driving motor (31). The driving gear (33) is meshed with the driving gear rod (34).

6. The natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The recovery and extraction mechanism (4) comprises an extraction tank (41), a rotating motor (42), a rotating shaft (43) and a plurality of gas outlet rods (44). The rotating motor (42) is located at the top of the extraction tank (41), and the rotating shaft (43) is a hollow structure. The rotating shaft (43) is drivingly connected to the rotating motor (42), and a plurality of the air outlet rods (44) are arranged on the rotating shaft (43) at equal intervals and are connected to the rotating shaft (43). The gas outlet rod (44) is provided with a plurality of gas outlet holes (45), and the extraction tank (41) is provided with a separation throttle valve (5).

7. The natural spice flavor full component recovery and extraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing and conveying mechanism (6) comprises a conveying fan (61), a feeding pipe (62) and a discharging pipe (63). The feed pipe (62) is connected to the bottom of the crushing box (21), the conveying fan (61) is connected to the feed pipe (62), and both ends of the discharge pipe (63) are connected to the extraction tank (41) and the conveying fan (61).

8. A method for recovering and extracting all the flavor components of natural spices according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The extraction method comprises the following steps: The first step is to place the natural spices in a processing and drying mechanism (1) and perform vacuum drying on the natural spices; In the second step, the processing and pulverizing mechanism (2) can pulverize the natural spices to facilitate the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the extraction of flavor components; In the third step, after the crushing, the natural spices are transported to the extraction tank (41) through the processing and transporting mechanism (6), and supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced through the recovery and extraction mechanism (4) to extract the natural spices; In the fourth step, the supercritical carbon dioxide containing the flavor components is finally passed through a separation throttle valve (5) to reduce the pressure, so that the carbon dioxide becomes gaseous and the flavor components are separated.

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